Antioxidant Responses and Lipid Peroxidation of Penaeus Indicus Postlarvae Subjected to Sublethal Copper Exposure

Crustaceana ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 84 (10) ◽  
pp. 1197-1210 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Copper Toxicity ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation Products ◽  
Coastal Marine ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Penaeus Indicus

AbstractThe objective of this study was to determine the effect of sublethal copper concentrations on certain antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation products in the postlarvae (PL) of Penaeus indicus when subjected to short- and long-term exposure in the laboratory. The PL of P. indicus were exposed to 0.1641 ppm (sublethal) copper for a period of 30 days along with a parallel control. Sampling was carried out at six different time intervals, i.e., 24, 48, and 96 hrs (shortterm), and 10, 20, and 30 days (long-term). Variations in the activity of the antioxidant enzymes, namely, catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), as well as lipid peroxidation products (LPP) were measured as biomarkers of metal toxicity. Our results showed a significant (P < 0.05) increase in LPP (indicating oxidative stress) and CAT activity (indicating an adaptive response of the PL for protection against oxidative stress) in the exposed PL for all periods of exposure. However, SOD activity significantly (P < 0.05) decreased on 20 and 30 days exposure, indicating susceptibility of the PL to oxidative stress upon long-term exposure. Therefore, CAT can serve as a better biomarker of oxidative stress than SOD to long-term copper toxicity. Our results indicate that copper contamination causes oxidative stress even at sublethal doses in Penaeus indicus PL, which can thus be used as a potential biomarker of copper toxicity for long-term monitoring of coastal marine ecosystems.

scholarly journals Correlation between intermediary metabolism, Hsp gene expression, and oxidative stress-related proteins in long-term thermal-stressed Mytilus galloprovincialis

2020 ◽  
Vol 319 (3) ◽  
pp. R264-R281
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Feidantsis ◽  
Ioannis A. Giantsis ◽  
Andreas Vratsistas ◽  
Stavroula Makri ◽  
Athanasia-Zoi Pappa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Thermal Stress ◽  
Mytilus Galloprovincialis ◽  
Intermediary Metabolism ◽  
Related Proteins ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Long-term exposure of Mytilus galloprovincialis to temperatures beyond 26°C triggers mussel mortality. The present study aimed to integratively illustrate the correlation between intermediary metabolism, hsp gene expression, and oxidative stress-related proteins in long-term thermally stressed Mytilus galloprovincialis and whether they are affected by thermal stress magnitude and duration. We accordingly evaluated the gene expression profiles, in the posterior adductor muscle (PAM) and the mantle, concerning heat shock protein 70 and 90 ( hsp70 and hsp90), and the antioxidant defense indicators Mn-SOD, Cu/Zn-SOD, catalase, glutathione S-transferase, and the metallothioneins mt-10 and mt-20. Moreover, we determined antioxidant enzyme activities, oxidative stress through lipid peroxidation, and activities of intermediary metabolism enzymes. The pattern of changes in relative mRNA expression levels indicate that mussels are able to sense thermal stress even when exposed to 22°C and before mussel mortality is initiated. Data indicate a close correlation between the magnitude and duration of thermal stress with lipid peroxidation levels and changes in the activity of antioxidant enzymes and the enzymes of intermediary metabolism. The gene expression and increase in the activities of antioxidant enzymes support a scenario, according to which exposure to 24°C might trigger reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, which is closely correlated with anaerobic metabolism under hypometabolic conditions. Increase and maintenance of oxidative stress in conjunction with energy balance disturbance seem to trigger mussel mortality after long-term exposure at temperatures beyond 26°C. Eventually, in the context of preparation for oxidative stress, certain hypotheses and models are suggested, integrating the several steps of cellular stress response.

scholarly journals Long-Term Adverse Effects of Oxidative Stress on Rat Epididymis and Spermatozoa

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei You Wu ◽  
Eleonora Scarlata ◽  
Cristian O’Flaherty
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Dna Oxidation ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Saline Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Long Term Effects

Oxidative stress is a common culprit of several conditions associated with male fertility. High levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) promote impairment of sperm quality mainly by decreasing motility and increasing the levels of DNA oxidation. Oxidative stress is a common feature of environmental pollutants, chemotherapy and other chemicals, smoke, toxins, radiation, and diseases that can have negative effects on fertility. Peroxiredoxins (PRDXs) are antioxidant enzymes associated with the protection of mammalian spermatozoa against oxidative stress and the regulation of sperm viability and capacitation. In the present study, we aimed to determine the long-term effects of oxidative stress in the testis, epididymis and spermatozoa using the rat model. Adult male rats were treated with tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP) or saline (control group), and reproductive organs and spermatozoa were collected at 3, 6, and 9 weeks after the end of treatment. We determined sperm DNA oxidation and motility, and levels of lipid peroxidation and protein expression of antioxidant enzymes in epididymis and testis. We observed that cauda epididymal spermatozoa displayed low motility and high DNA oxidation levels at all times. Lipid peroxidation was higher in caput and cauda epididymis of treated rats at 3 and 6 weeks but was similar to control levels at 9 weeks. PRDX6 was upregulated in the epididymis due to t-BHP; PRDX1 and catalase, although not significant, followed similar trend of increase. Testis of treated rats did not show signs of oxidative stress nor upregulation of antioxidant enzymes. We concluded that t-BHP-dependent oxidative stress promoted long-term changes in the epididymis and maturing spermatozoa that result in the impairment of sperm quality.

Effect of hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] stress in roots of Cr-tolerant and Cr-sensitive barley cultivars

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Yildiz ◽  
H. Terzi
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Dehydrogenase Activity ◽  
Total Soluble Protein ◽  
Guaiacol Peroxidase ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Significant Difference

The effect of different chromium [Cr(VI)] concentrations (0, 75, 150 and 225 μM) on dehydrogenase activity, total soluble protein, proline, malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidant enzymes was investigated in the roots of two barley cultivars (Cr-tolerant Zeynelağa and Cr-sensitive Orza-96) in hydroponic experiments. The root dehydrogenase activity and protein content decreased with an increase in the Cr(VI) concentration, but no significant difference was found between the two barley cultivars. Cr(VI) stress increased the contents of proline and MDA in both cultivars, but this effect was more pronounced in Orza-96 than in Zeynelağa. The activities of antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and guaiacol peroxidase (POD), exhibited changes. The SOD activity increased in Zeynelağa and decreased in Orza-96 at 225 μM Cr(VI) compared to their controls. Cr(VI) stress decreased the APX and POD activities. Zeynelağa had greater APX activity than Orza-96 at 150 and 225 μM Cr(VI). However, there was no marked difference in POD activities between the two cultivars. The decrease in root dehydrogenase activity and protein content, the increase in proline and lipid peroxidation, and the alterations in the activities of antioxidant enzymes may be indicative of oxidative stress induced by Cr(VI).

78 THE PERIOVULATORY ENDOCRINE MILIEU AFFECTS THE OXIDATIVE STRESS CONTROL ON ENDOMETRIUM OF COWS

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 153
Author(s):  
R. d. S. Ramos ◽  
A. P. Izaguirry ◽  
L. M. Vargas ◽  
M. B. Soares ◽  
F. S. Mesquita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Prostaglandin F2α ◽  
Endometrial Tissue ◽  
Maximum Diameter ◽  
Compensatory Mechanism ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Uterine Environment

Acknowledging that the local oxidative profile (pro or antioxidant) may influence the control of very specific mechanisms such as intracellular signalling as well as the unspecific damage caused by oxidative stress, it is proposed that the balance between reducing and oxidative activities of the uterine environment (i.e. the REDOX profile) is regulated by exposure to ovarian steroids. The aim of this study was to verify the effect of the periovulatory endocrine milieu on concentrations of reactive oxygen species (ROS), activity of antioxidant enzymes, and lipid peroxidation profile on the endometrial tissue of cows in early diestrus. Eighty-three cyclic, nonlactating Nelore cows received an intravaginal progesterone (P4) device and an injection of oestradiol benzoate (E2) on Day –10. Animals were divided into 2 groups to receive sodium cloprostenol (PGF; large follicle group; LFG; N = 42) or not (small follicle group; SFG; N = 41) on Day –10. Progesterone devices were removed and prostaglandin F2α was injected between Day –2.5 and Day –1.75 in cows from LFG, and between Day –1.5 and Day –1.25 in cows from SFG. Ovulation was induced with GnRH on Day 0. Progesterone and oestradiol plasma concentrations were quantified. Animals were slaughtered on Day 7, when endometrial tissue was collected. A subgroup of ovulated cows (n = 9 per group) was selected to assess the activity of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). Furthermore, the content of reduced glutathione (GSH) and ROS by spectrofluorometry and lipid peroxidation by assessment of malondialdehyde concentrations were determined. Statistical comparisons between groups were performed by ANOVA (Statistica 4.5; StatSoft Inc., Tulsa, OK, USA). Maximum diameter of the preovulatory follicle (mean ± s.e.m.; 13.36 ± 0.29 v. 11.11 ± 0.33 mm, respectively; P < 0.01), plasma concentrations of P4 on Day 7 (3.71 ± 0.25 v. 2.62 ± 0.26 ng mL–1; P < 0.01) and E2 on Day 0 (2.94 ± 0.28 v. 1.27 ± 0.2 pg mL–1; P < 0.01) were greater in LFG compared with SFG. The SFG showed lower enzymatic activity for CAT (0.79 ± 0.09 v. 0.5 ± 0.07 U mg–1 of protein; P < 0.01) and GPx (2.43 ± 0.39 v. 2.0 ± 0.35 nmol of NADPH/min/mg of protein; P < 0.05) than LFG. Additionally, lipid peroxidation was increased in SFG (177.68 ± 46.46 v. 255.71 ± 40.64 nmol of MDA/g of tissue; P < 0.01), similarly to SOD activity (37.76 ± 3.95 v. 44.77 ± 7.66 IU; P < 0.05). Concentrations of ROS and GSH were not different between groups. In conclusion, the periovulatory endocrine environment alters antioxidant mechanisms in the endometrium of cows in early diestrus. Specifically, it is proposed that the greater antioxidant activity observed on the LFG provided an environment that was less prone to lipid peroxidation than that from the SFG. The increase in SOD activity suggests a compensatory mechanism triggered by an environment potentially more oxidative observed on the SFG. The REDOX profile observed on the experimental groups may be associated with higher fertility observed in cows with higher E2 and P4 concentration during the proestrus and early diestrus, respectively. We acknowledge support from CNPq, FAPESP; Ourofino, CCPS-USP.

Immunolocalization of antioxidant enzymes in testis of rams submitted to long-term heat stress

Zygote ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 432-435
Author(s):  
Thais Rose dos Santos Hamilton ◽  
Gabriela Esteves Duarte ◽  
José Antonio Visintin ◽  
Mayra Elena Ortiz D’Ávila Assumpção
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Oxidative Balance ◽  
Testicular Cells

SummaryLong-term heat stress (HS) induced by testicular insulation generates oxidative stress (OS) on the testicular environment; consequently activating antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). The aim of this work was to immunolocalize antioxidant enzymes present in different cells within the seminiferous tubule when rams were submitted to HS. Rams were divided into control (n = 6) and treated group (n = 6), comprising rams subjected to testicular insulation for 240 h. After the testicular insulation period, rams were subjected to orchiectomy. Testicular fragments were submitted to immunohistochemistry for staining against SOD, GR and GPx enzymes. We observed immunolocalization of GPx in more cell types of the testis after HS and when compared with other enzymes. In conclusion, GPx is the main antioxidant enzyme identified in testicular cells in an attempt to maintain oxidative balance when HS occurs.

scholarly journals Antioxidant activity of rice plants sprayed with herbicides

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos André Nohatto ◽  
Dirceu Agostinetto ◽  
Ana Claudia Langaro ◽  
Claudia de Oliveira ◽  
Queli Ruchel
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Acetolactate Synthase ◽  
Defense Behavior ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Rice Plants ◽  
Synthase Inhibitor ◽  
Acetyl Coenzyme A Carboxylase ◽  
Lower Capacity

ABSTRACT Understanding the physiological defense behavior of plants subjected to herbicide application may help to identify products with higher or lower capacity to cause oxidative stress in crops. This study aimed at evaluating the effect of herbicides in the antioxidant activity of rice plants. The experimental design was completely randomized, with six replications. Treatments consisted of the herbicides bentazon (photosystem II inhibitor; 960 g ha-1), penoxsulam (acetolactate synthase inhibitor; 60 g ha-1), cyhalofop-butyl (acetyl coenzyme-A carboxylase inhibitor; 315 g ha-1) and a control. After the herbicides application, samples of rice shoots were collected at 12, 24, 48 and 96 hours after application (HAA). The components evaluated were hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), lipid peroxidation and activity of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). Bentazon (up to 24 HAA) and penoxsulam (48 and 96 HAA) reduced the CAT activity. Moreover, these herbicides increased the levels of H2O2, lipid peroxidation and SOD activity, indicating a condition of oxidative stress in rice plants. The cyhalofop-butyl herbicide did not alter the antioxidant activity, showing that it causes less stress to the crop.

scholarly journals The Effect of Nitrogen Fertilization and Fusarium culmorum Inoculation on the Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Wheat Flag Leaves

Poljoprivreda ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-24
Author(s):  
Magdalena Matić ◽  
◽  
Rosemary Vuković ◽  
Karolina Vrandečić ◽  
Ivna Štolfa Čamagajevac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Biotic Stress ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Fusarium Culmorum ◽  
Antioxidant Response ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Biomarkers Of Oxidative Stress

During cultivation, wheat is exposed to several abiotic and/or biotic stress conditions that may adversely impact the wheat yield and quality. The impact of abiotic stress caused by nitrogen deficiency and biotic stress caused by phytopathogenic fungus Fusarium culmorum on biomarkers of oxidative stress in the flag leaf of nine winter wheat varieties (Ficko, U-1, Galloper, BC Mandica, BC Opsesija, Ingenio, Isengrain, Felix, and Bezostaya-1) was analyzed in this study. Hydrogen peroxide concentration and lipid peroxidation level were measured as indicators of oxidative stress, while the antioxidant response was determined by measuring the concentration of phenolic compounds and activities of antioxidant enzymes. Wheat variety and nitrogen treatment had a significant effect on all examined biomarkers of oxidative stress in the flag leaf, while the impact of Fusarium treatment was less pronounced. The most significant impact on the measured stress biomarkers had a low nitrogen level, which mainly increased hydrogen peroxide concentration and lipid peroxidation level and decreased activities of antioxidant enzymes in most varieties. The obtained results were discussed and compared with the previous study in which biochemical analyzes were performed on the wheat spike. There was no significant strong correlation between flag leaf and spike response in the measured parameters, which, in addition to the variety-specific response, also indicates a tissue-specific antioxidant response.

scholarly journals Enriched environment prevents oxidative stress in zebrafish submitted to unpredictable chronic stress

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e5136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matheus Marcon ◽  
Ricieri Mocelin ◽  
Adrieli Sachett ◽  
Anna M. Siebel ◽  
Ana P. Herrmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Brain Homogenate ◽  
Enriched Environment ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Zebrafish Brain ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The Impact

Background The enriched environment (EE) is a laboratory housing model that emerged from efforts to minimize the impact of environmental conditions on laboratory animals. Recently, we showed that EE promoted positive effects on behavior and cortisol levels in zebrafish submitted to the unpredictable chronic stress (UCS) protocol. Here, we expanded the characterization of the effects of UCS protocol by assessing parameters of oxidative status in the zebrafish brain and reveal that EE protects against the oxidative stress induced by chronic stress. Methods Zebrafish were exposed to EE (21 or 28 days) or standard housing conditions and subjected to the UCS protocol for seven days. Oxidative stress parameters (lipid peroxidation (TBARS), reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, non-protein thiol (NPSH) and total thiol (SH) levels, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities were measured in brain homogenate. Results Our results revealed that UCS increased lipid peroxidation and ROS levels, while decreased NPSH levels and SOD activity, suggesting oxidative damage. EE for 28 days prevented all changes induced by the UCS protocol, and EE for 21 days prevented the alterations on NPSH levels, lipid peroxidation and ROS levels. Both EE for 21 or 28 days increased CAT activity. Discussion Our findings reinforce the idea that EE exerts neuromodulatory effects in the zebrafish brain. EE promoted positive effects as it helped maintain the redox homeostasis, which may reduce the susceptibility to stress and its oxidative impact.

scholarly journals Local and systemic oxidative stress in chronic suppurative otitis media

2021 ◽  
pp. 148-156
Author(s):  
I. D. Dubinets ◽  
M. Yu. Korkmazov ◽  
A. I. Sinitskii ◽  
E. I. Danshova ◽  
I. N. Skirpichnikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Temporal Bone ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media ◽  
Suppurative Otitis Media ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation Products ◽  
Systemic Level

Introduction. According to the literature, oxidative stress is described as one of the main factors in the pathogenesis of chronic suppurative otitis media, supporting the inflammatory process at the local level. The transition of inflammatory mediators to the systemic level is associated with the risk of developing ear purulent-destructive complications. The study of the products of lipid peroxidation in comparison with morphological changes in the structures of the temporal bone will justify the tactics of the operation.Aim. Comparison of the levels of lipid peroxidation products at the local and systemic levels in chronic suppurative otitis media, depending on the nature of pathomorphological changes in the structures of the temporal bone.Materials and methods. A prospective study of 130 patients with chronic suppurative otitis media at the age of 20-62 years with a verified diagnosis of chronic suppurative otitis media, admitted for surgical treatment, was carried out. To study the indicators of oxidative stress at the systemic level, the blood serum of patients was used; at the local level, the bone biomaterial obtained from patients during the surgical treatment of chronic suppurative otitis media was used. The quantitative determination of the primary, secondary and final products of peroxidation was carried out in the groups of patients with separate registration of lipoperoxides in the heptane and isopropanol phases of the lipid extract by spectrophotometry.Results and discussion. In the observation of patients with morphological signs of purulent destruction of the temporal bone, not only a local level of inflammation activity, but also a systemic level of an unfavorable outcome was revealed in two variants: osteoproliferation or osteonecrosis of the bone tissue of the temporal bone in chronic purulent otitis media with a constant threat to the patient's life due to intracranial purulent complications.Conclusion. The appearance in low concentrations of lipid peroxidation products in serum in patients with chronic purulent otitis media substantiates the need for a behind-the-ear approach in reconstructive-sanitizing otosurgery even with minimal clinical manifestations and CT scan data, since at the preclinical level it confirms the osteonecrotic type of bone remodeling with the risk of delayed death.

scholarly journals The subchronic effects of 3,4-methylendioxymethamphetamine on oxidative stress in rat brain

2014 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 1075-1081
Author(s):  
Ivan Simic ◽  
Violeta Iric-Cupic ◽  
Rada Vucic ◽  
Marina Petrovic ◽  
Violeta Mladenovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Rat Brain ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Superoxide Radical ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Oxidative Stress Markers ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the subchronic effects of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine on several oxidative stress markers: index of lipid peroxidation (ILP), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, superoxide radical (O2.-) levels, and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels in the frontal cortex, striatum and hippocampus of the rat. The study included 64 male Wistar rats (200-250g). The animals were treated per os with of 5, 10, or 20 mg/kg of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) every day for 15 days. The subchronic administration of MDMA resulted in an increase in ILP, SOD and O2.-, and a decrease in GSH, from which we conclude that oxidative stress was induced in rat brain.

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