Characterisation of Polyphenolic Compounds in Viscum album L. and Allium sativum L. extracts

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (7) ◽  
pp. 1677-1680 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana Trifunschi ◽  
Melania F. Munteanu ◽  
Elena Pogurschi ◽  
Ramona Gligor
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Sinapic Acid ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Viscum Album ◽  
Polyphenolic Compounds ◽  
Coumaric Acid ◽  
Gentisic Acid

There are numerous phytochemicals (isoflavones, flavonoids, catechins, anthocyanins, carotenoids, polyphenols, phenolic acids), which are largely used in the pharmaceutical industry. This research describes the process through which, one can obtain medicinal extracts from mistletoe (Viscum album L.) and garlic (Allium sativum L.) while giving an exact characterisation of the two extracts. The HPLC/MS analysis was employed in order to identify and evaluate the presence of phenolic acids (gentisic acid, chlorogenic acid, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid and sinapic acid) and of flavonoids (hyperoside, isoquercitrin, rutin and luteolin). The results suggest that these medicinal extracts could replace the chemical compounds used in various therapies and which unfortunately have side effects on patients.

METABOLISM OF PHENYLPROPANOID COMPOUNDS IN SALVIA: II. BIOSYNTHESIS OF PHENOLIC CINNAMIC ACIDS

1959 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 537-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. McCalla ◽  
A. C. Neish
Keyword(s):  
Caffeic Acid ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Cinnamic Acid ◽  
Shikimic Acid ◽  
Sinapic Acid ◽  
Coumaric Acid ◽  
Cinnamic Acids ◽  
Phenyllactic Acid ◽  
Salvia Splendens ◽  
Specific Activities

p-Coumaric, caffeic, ferulic, and sinapic acids were found to occur in Salvia splendens Sello in alkali-labile compounds of unknown constitution. A number of C14-labelled compounds were administered to leafy cuttings of salvia and these phenolic acids were isolated after a metabolic period of several hours and their specific activities measured. Cinnamic acid, dihydrocinnamic acid, L-phenylalanine, and (−)-phenyllactic acid were found to be good precursors of the phenolic acids. D-Phenylalanine, L-tyrosine, and (+)-phenyllactic acid were poor precursors. A kinetic study of the formation of the phenolic acids from L-phenylalanine-C14 gave data consistent with the view that p-coumaric acid → caffeic acid → ferulic acid → sinapic acid, and that these compounds can act as intermediates in lignification. Feeding of C14-labelled members of this series showed that salvia could convert any one to a more complex member of the series but not so readily to a simpler member. Caffeic acid-β-C14 was obtained from salvia after the feeding of L-phenylalanine-β-C14 or cinnamic acid-β-C14, and caffeic acid labelled only in the ring was obtained after feeding generally labelled shikimic acid.

scholarly journals The effects of plant density and irrigation on phenolic content in cauliflower 

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 178-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alina Kałużewicz ◽  
Jolanta Lisiecka ◽  
Monika Gąsecka ◽  
Włodzimierz Krzesiński ◽  
Tomasz Spiżewski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Ferulic Acid ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Caffeic Acid ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Sinapic Acid ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Coumaric Acid

This study was conducted to study the influence of plant density and irrigation on the content of phenolic compounds, i.e., phenolic acids and flavonols in cv. ‘Sevilla’ cauliflower curds. Levels of phenolic acids and flavonols were in the range of 3.0–6.2 mg and 25.4–87.8 mg/100 g of dry weight, respectively, depending on plant density and irrigation. Of the phenolic acids, caffeic acid was detected in the highest amount, followed by p-coumaric acid, sinapic acid, gallic acid, and ferulic acid. Of the two flavonols detected, the levels of quercetin were higher than those of kaempferol. The content of the detected phenolic acids (with the exception of ferulic acid) and both flavonols increased with increasing plant density. Furthermore, the concentration of phenolic compounds (with the exception of ferulic acid) was significantly higher under irrigation.

scholarly journals RP-HPLC Analysis of Phenolic Acids of Selected Central European Carex L. (Cyperaceae) Species and Its Implication for Taxonomy

2011 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Bogucka-Kocka ◽  
Katarzyna Szewczyk ◽  
Magdalena Janyszek ◽  
Sławomir Janyszek ◽  
Łukasz Cieśla
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Caffeic Acid ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Hplc Analysis ◽  
Sinapic Acid ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Coumaric Acid ◽  
Central European ◽  
The Real ◽  
Rp Hplc

Abstract Eighteen species belonging to the Carex genus were checked for the presence and the amount of eight phenolic acids (p-hydroxybenzoic, vanillic, caffeic, syringic, protocatechuic, p-coumaric, sinapic, and ferulic) by means of HPLC. Both the free and bonded phenolic acids were analyzed. The majority of the analyzed acids occurred in the studied species in relatively high amounts. The highest concentrations found were caffeic acid and p-coumaric acid, for which the detected levels were negatively correlated. A very interesting feature was the occurrence of sinapic acid, a compound very rarely detected in plant tissues. Its distribution across the analyzed set of species can be hypothetically connected with the humidity of plants' habitats. Several attempted tests of aggregative cluster analysis showed no similarity to the real taxonomical structure of the genus Carex. Thus, the phenolic acids' composition cannot be considered as the major taxonomical feature for the genus Carex.

Phenolic acids in the fibre of some tropical grasses, effect on feed quality, and their metabolism by sheep

1993 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 1123 ◽  
Author(s):  
JB Lowry ◽  
EA Sumpter ◽  
CS McSweeney ◽  
AC Schlink ◽  
B Bowden
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Hippuric Acid ◽  
Nitrogen Loss ◽  
Sinapic Acid ◽  
Coumaric Acid ◽  
Tropical Grasses ◽  
Dry Matter Loss ◽  
Ferulic Acids

A feature of the composition of dry-season tropical grasses, which may in part account for their lower digestibility, is the relatively high content of hydroxycinnamic acids covalently bound in the cell wall. The main phenolic acids liberated on mild alkaline hydrolysis in 19 species of native and introduced grasses in North Queensland were p-coumaric and ferulic acids, with the former predominating in 16 species. Caffeic acid was found in three species and sinapic acid in trace amounts. Total acids occurred at approximately 10 g/kg in most species, but were found at 50 g/kg in one species. When five of the species were fed as the sole diet to sheep, intake and digestibility were not clearly related to phenolic acid level in the diet. However, output of hippuric acid in the urine increased with the daily dietary intake of phenolic acids, and nitrogen excreted as hippurate was equivalent to as much as 17% of the total nitrogen in the diet. The effect of free acids on rumen function was tested by adding p-coumaric and ferulic acid directly to the diet. In contrast to the implications of numerous in vitro studies, intake and digestibility were not affected. Dry matter loss from intraruminal nylon bags was also not affected by administration of these compounds. In addition to hippuric acid, cinnamoylglycine was identified as a urinary metabolite. This appeared in animals on most of the grass diets, and was enhanced following administration of ferulic or p-coumaric acid, but not benzoic acid. It seems that phenolic acids liberated from the cell wall are unlikely to have an adverse effect on rumen microbial metabolism, but impose a serious nitrogen loss for animals on diets already deficient in nitrogen.

scholarly journals Polyphenol and flavonoid profiles and radical scavenging activity in leafy vegetable Amaranthus gangeticus

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Umakanta Sarker ◽  
Shinya Oba
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Sinapic Acid ◽  
Health Benefit ◽  
Leafy Vegetable ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Coumaric Acid ◽  
Phenolic Profiles

Abstract Background Red amaranth (Amaranthus gangeticus L.) has great diversity in Bangladesh, India, and South East Asia with multipurpose uses. The bright red-violet colored A. gangeticus is a popular and low-cost leafy vegetable in the Asian continent including Bangladesh and India because of attractive leaf color, taste, adequate nutraceuticals, phenolic compounds, and sole source of betalains. The natural colors and phenolic compounds of this species have a significant role in promoting the health-benefit including the scavenging capacity of radicals, the colorant of food products, and play a vital role in the industry of foods. However, phenolic profiles and radical scavenging activity of this species have not been evaluated. Hence, for the first time, four selected advance lines of A. gangeticus were characterized for phenolic profiles, antioxidant constituents, and antioxidant potentiality. Results A. gangeticus genotypes are abundant sources of phenolic profiles and antioxidant constituents with good radical quenching capacity that differed across the genotypes. Twenty-five phenolic acids and flavonoids, such as protocatechuic acid, salicylic acid, gentisic acid, gallic acid, β-resorcylic acid, vanillic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, chlorogenic acid, ellagic acid, syringic acid, ferulic acid, kaempferol, m-coumaric acid, trans-cinnamic acid, quercetin, p-coumaric acid, apigenin, caffeic acid, rutin, sinapic acid, isoquercetin, naringenin, myricetin, catechin, and hyperoside were identified in A. gangeticus accessions. A. gangeticus accessions LS7 and LS9 demonstrated ample phenolic acids, flavonoids, antioxidant constituents, and antioxidant potentiality. It revealed from the correlation study that antioxidant components of A. gangeticus genotypes exhibited good radical scavenging activities. The genotypes LS7 and LS9 could be directly used as phenolic profiles, antioxidant constituents, and antioxidant activity enrich cultivars. Conclusions The identified compounds of phenolic acids and flavonoids in A. gangeticus privilege the comprehensive study of pharmacology. The basic information on phenolic profiles and antioxidant constituents achieved in the present study will provide the scientist’s forum for the scientific assessment of these compounds in A. gangeticus.

scholarly journals Polyphenolic profiles in edible Annona spp. using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC-MS/MS)

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-208
Author(s):  
Manjunath J Shetty ◽  
K. R Vasudeva ◽  
T Sakthivel ◽  
G. J Suresh ◽  
H. C Krishna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Sinapic Acid ◽  
Syringic Acid ◽  
Polyphenolic Compounds ◽  
Hydroxybenzoic Acid ◽  
Coumaric Acid ◽  
Dihydroxybenzoic Acid ◽  
Normal Functioning ◽  
Polyphenolic Composition

Polyphenolic compounds of fruits of various plant species play an important role in physiological functions related to human health. Polyphenols have important biological activities like antioxidant activity which helps in normal functioning of human body. The objective of this study was to investigate the profiles of polyphenolic compounds in different edible Annona spp. fruits. Total of eighteen identified individual phenolic compounds were found, among which p-coumaric acid (321.53-90.17µg g-1FW), o-coumaric acid (70.80-19.00µg g-1FW), 2,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (39.49-10.43µg g-1FW), caffeic acid (35.26-3.43µg g-1FW), gentisic acid (24.69-10.46µg g-1FW), protocatechuic acid (17.04-4.23µg g-1FW), t-cinnamic acid (22.68-3.93µg g-1FW) and ferulic acid (21.78-3.43µg g-1FW) were abundant in annona fruits while benzoic acid (23.28-4.61µg g-1FW), p-hydroxybenzoic acid (1.79-0.31µg g-1FW), salicylic acid (6.00-2.40µg g-1FW), 3-hydroxybenzoic acid (6.05-0.88µg g-1FW), vanillic acid.  (19.13-2.16µg g-1FW), gallic acid (15.88-2.74µg g-1FW), ellagic acid (1.12-0.20µg g-1FW), syringic acid (0.78-0.34µg g-1FW) and sinapic acid (2.16-0.79µg g-1FW) were limited. However, chlorogenic acid was not detected. The results obtained in this study will furnish a better knowledge of the polyphenolic composition in annona fruits.

METABOLISM OF PHENYLPROPANOID COMPOUNDS IN SALVIA: II. BIOSYNTHESIS OF PHENOLIC CINNAMIC ACIDS

1959 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 537-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. McCalla ◽  
A. C. Neish
Keyword(s):  
Caffeic Acid ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Cinnamic Acid ◽  
Shikimic Acid ◽  
Sinapic Acid ◽  
Coumaric Acid ◽  
Cinnamic Acids ◽  
Phenyllactic Acid ◽  
Salvia Splendens ◽  
Specific Activities

p-Coumaric, caffeic, ferulic, and sinapic acids were found to occur in Salvia splendens Sello in alkali-labile compounds of unknown constitution. A number of C14-labelled compounds were administered to leafy cuttings of salvia and these phenolic acids were isolated after a metabolic period of several hours and their specific activities measured. Cinnamic acid, dihydrocinnamic acid, L-phenylalanine, and (−)-phenyllactic acid were found to be good precursors of the phenolic acids. D-Phenylalanine, L-tyrosine, and (+)-phenyllactic acid were poor precursors. A kinetic study of the formation of the phenolic acids from L-phenylalanine-C14 gave data consistent with the view that p-coumaric acid → caffeic acid → ferulic acid → sinapic acid, and that these compounds can act as intermediates in lignification. Feeding of C14-labelled members of this series showed that salvia could convert any one to a more complex member of the series but not so readily to a simpler member. Caffeic acid-β-C14 was obtained from salvia after the feeding of L-phenylalanine-β-C14 or cinnamic acid-β-C14, and caffeic acid labelled only in the ring was obtained after feeding generally labelled shikimic acid.

scholarly journals Investigations on some metabolites of Tecoma stans Juss. callus tissue. Part III. Chromatographical search for iridoids, phenolic acids, terpenoids and sugars

2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Dohnal
Keyword(s):  
Oleanolic Acid ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Callus Tissue ◽  
Iridoid Glycosides ◽  
Sinapic Acid ◽  
Coumaric Acid ◽  
Lower Content ◽  
Plant Leaves ◽  
Murashige Skoog ◽  
Callus Tissues

Tissus cultures of <i>Tecoma stans</i> Juss. cultivated on modified Murashige-Skoog medium (RT-k) were phytochemically analysed by means of chromatographical methods (PC, TLC). The following products were found as metabolites: phenolic acids - chlorogenics, caffeic, ferulic, vanillic, o-coumaric and sinapic; steroids - β-sitosterol; triterpenes - ursolic and oleanolic acids, α-amyrine; sugars - glucose, fructose, sucrose, xylose. Meso-inositol was isolated in 0.8% yield. In intact plant leaves, some differences concerning the content and/or number of individual compounds were observed, namely: lack of sinapic acid and occurrence of p-coumaric acid, lower content of β-sitosterol, lack of oleanolic acid, occurrence of β-amyrine and of one unidentified triterpenoid, lack of xylose, occurrence of maltose, raffinose, and stachiose. The level of mesoinositol inn leaves was distincly lower than in the callus tissues. Neither in callus tissues nor in leaves iridoid glycosides were found.

scholarly journals Mammillaria Species—Polyphenols Studies and Anti-Cancer, Anti-Oxidant, and Anti-Bacterial Activities

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hosam O. Elansary ◽  
Agnieszka Szopa ◽  
Marta Klimek-Szczykutowicz ◽  
Karolina Jafernik ◽  
Halina Ekiert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorogenic Acid ◽  
Caffeic Acid ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Sinapic Acid ◽  
Jurkat Cells ◽  
Gentisic Acid ◽  
Natural Product Research ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Mcf 7

Discovering new natural resources of polyphenols is the aim of many recent studies in the field of natural product research. This study tentatively investigated the polyphenols profile of the stems of seven Mammillaria species (M. rhodantha, M. spinosissima, M. hahniana, M. crucigera, M. candida, M. albilanata, and M. muehlenpfordtii) using high performance liquid chromatography with DAD detector (HPLC-DAD) method. Furthermore, the anti-cancer, anti-oxidant, and anti-bacterial potentials of these extracts as well as major identified phenols were explored. The HPLC-DAD study confirmed the availability of six phenolic acids, including gentisic acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, protocatechuic acid, sinapic acid, and p-hydroxybenzoic acid. The dominant compounds were: gentisic acid in M. rhodantha and M. spinosissima; chlorogenic acid in M. muehlenpfordtii, M. crucigera, and M. rhodantha; and caffeic acid in M. rhodantha, M. crucigera, and M. spinosissima. Stems of Mammillaria sp. showed antiproliferative effects against HeLa, MCF-7, and Jurkat cells. In HeLa and MCF-7 cells, the best antiproliferative activities were found in the treatments with M. rhodantha, M. spinosissima, and M. muehlenpfordtii. The apoptotic assay of M. rhodantha, M. spinosissima, and M. muehlenpfordtii showed accumulation of necrotic cells in the early and late apoptotic phase. M. rhodantha, M. spinosissima, and M. muehlenpfordtii showed the highest anti-oxidant activities using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), β-carotene bleaching, and ferric reducing anti-oxidant power (FRAP) assays. M. rhodantha was the best source of antioxidants. Mammillaria sp. showed moderate anti-bacterial effects against bacteria and the highest effects were found using the extracts of M. rhodantha, M. spinosissima, M. crucigera and M. muehlenpfordtii against most bacteria. The anti-bacterial activities were attributed to other phenolic compounds (e.g., chlorogenic acid) than gentisic acid, which was not active against most bacteria. Mammillaria sp. could be considered to be an important natural source of phenolic acids with anti-cancer, anti-bacterial, and anti-oxidant activities.

Therapeutic Properties of Several Chemical Compounds from Salvia officinalis L. in Alzheimer’s Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgiana Uță ◽  
Denisa Ștefania Manolescu ◽  
Speranța Avram
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Natural Compounds ◽  
Salvia Officinalis ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
In Silico Studies ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Salvia Officinalis L

Background.: Currently, the pharmacological management in Alzheimer's disease is based on several chemical structures, represented by acetylcholinesterase and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor ligands, with still unclear molecular mechanisms, but severe side effects. For this reason, a challenge for Alzheimer's disease treatment remains to identify new drugs with reduced side effects. Recently, the natural compounds, in particular certain chemical compounds identified in the essential oil of peppermint, sage, grapes, sea buckthorn, have increased interest as possible therapeutics. Objectives.: In this paper, we have summarized data from the recent literature, on several chemical compounds extracted from Salvia officinalis L., with therapeutic potential in Alzheimer's disease. Methods.: In addition to the wide range of experimental methods performed in vivo and in vitro, also we presented some in silico studies of medicinal compounds. Results. Through this mini-review, we present the latest information regarding the therapeutic characteristics of natural compounds isolated from Salvia officinalis L. in Alzheimer's disease. Conclusion.: Thus, based on the information presented, we can say that phytotherapy is a reliable therapeutic method in a neurodegenerative disease.

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