Comparative characterization of cinnamon, cinnamaldehyde and kaempferol for phytochemical, antioxidant and pharmacological properties using acetaminophen-induced oxidative stress mouse model

This study was aimed to explore the comparative efficacy of cinnamon bark extract, cinnamaldehyde and kaempferol against acetaminophen (APAP)-induced oxidative stress. Cinnamon bark extract, cinnamaldehyde and kaempferol were utilized for in-vivo analysis. From the results of in-vitro screening tests, cinnamon ethanolic extract was selected for in-vivo study in mouse model. For this, Balb/c albino mice were treated with cinnamon ethanolic extract (200 mg/kg), cinnamaldehyde (10 mg/kg) and kaempferol (10 mg/kg) orally for 14 days followed by single intraperitoneal administration of APAP during 8 hours. Blood and organ samples were collected for biochemical and histopathological analysis. The results showed that cinnamon bark ethanolic extract, cinnamaldehyde and kaempferol ameliorated APAP-induced oxidative stress and organ toxicity in mice. In conclusion, cinnamaldehyde and kaempferol possess comparable antioxidant potential even at 20-times less dose as compared to cinnamon bark ethanolic extract suggesting therapeutic potential in oxidative stress-related disorders.

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Artemisia Extract Suppresses NLRP3 and AIM2 Inflammasome Activation by Inhibition of ASC Phosphorylation

Mediators of Inflammation ◽

10.1155/2018/6054069 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Su-Bin Kwak ◽

Sushruta Koppula ◽

Eun-Jung In ◽

Xiao Sun ◽

Young-Kyu Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mouse Model ◽

Therapeutic Potential ◽

Tyrosine Phosphatase ◽

Gouty Arthritis ◽

Intraperitoneal Administration ◽

Mechanistic Study ◽

Inflammasome Activation ◽

Inflammatory Disorders ◽

Artemisia Princeps

Artemisia princeps var. orientalis (Asteraceae, A. princeps) is a well-known traditional medicinal herb used for treating various inflammatory disorders in Korea, Japan, China, and other Asian countries. In the present study, we investigated the effects of A. princeps extract (APO) on interleukin- (IL-) 1β regulation and inflammasome activation in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) and monosodium urate- (MSU-) induced peritonitis mouse model in vivo. The APO treatment to BMDMs primed with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) attenuated the NLRP3 and AIM2 inflammasome activation induced by danger signals, such as ATP, nigericin, silica crystals, and poly (dA:dT), respectively. Mechanistic study revealed that APO suppressed the ASC oligomerization and speck formation, which are required for inflammasome activation. APO treatment also reduced the ASC phosphorylation induced by the combination of LPS and a tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor. In vivo evaluation revealed that intraperitoneal administration of APO reduced IL-1β levels, significantly (p<0.05) and dose dependently, in the MSU-induced peritonitis mouse model. In conclusion, our study is the first to report that the extract of A. princeps inhibits inflammasome activation through the modulation of ASC phosphorylation. Therefore, APO might be developed as therapeutic potential in the treatment of inflammasome-mediated inflammatory disorders, such as gouty arthritis.

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Phytosomal Curcumin Elicits Anti-tumor Properties Through Suppression of Angiogenesis, Cell Proliferation and Induction of Oxidative Stress in Colorectal Cancer

Current Pharmaceutical Design ◽

10.2174/1381612825666190110145151 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 24 (39) ◽

pp. 4626-4638 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Reyhaneh Moradi-Marjaneh ◽

Seyed M. Hassanian ◽

Farzad Rahmani ◽

Seyed H. Aghaee-Bakhtiari ◽

Amir Avan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Therapeutic Potential ◽

Vegf Signaling ◽

Anticancer Effects ◽

Inhibition Of Angiogenesis ◽

Underlying Mechanisms ◽

Apoptotic Activity

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common causes of cancer-associated mortality in the world. Anti-tumor effect of curcumin has been shown in different cancers; however, the therapeutic potential of novel phytosomal curcumin, as well as the underlying molecular mechanism in CRC, has not yet been explored. Methods: The anti-proliferative, anti-migratory and apoptotic activity of phytosomal curcumin in CT26 cells was assessed by MTT assay, wound healing assay and Flow cytometry, respectively. Phytosomal curcumin was also tested for its in-vivo activity in a xenograft mouse model of CRC. In addition, oxidant/antioxidant activity was examined by DCFH-DA assay in vitro, measurement of malondialdehyde (MDA), Thiol and superoxidedismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity and also evaluation of expression levels of Nrf2 and GCLM by qRT-PCR in tumor tissues. In addition, the effect of phytosomal curcumin on angiogenesis was assessed by the measurement of VEGF-A and VEGFR-1 and VEGF signaling regulatory microRNAs (miRNAs) in tumor tissue. Results: Phytosomal curcumin exerts anti-proliferative, anti-migratory and apoptotic activity in-vitro. It also decreases tumor growth and augmented 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) anti-tumor effect in-vivo. In addition, our data showed that induction of oxidative stress and inhibition of angiogenesis through modulation of VEGF signaling regulatory miRNAs might be underlying mechanisms by which phytosomal curcumin exerted its antitumor effect. Conclusion: Our data confirmed this notion that phytosomal curcumin administrates anticancer effects and can be used as a complementary treatment in clinical settings.

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Combining chloroquine with RAD001 inhibits tumor growth in a NEN mouse model

Endocrine Related Cancer ◽

10.1530/erc-18-0121 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 25 (6) ◽

pp. 677-686 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Shani Avniel-Polak ◽

Gil Leibowitz ◽

Victoria Doviner ◽

David J Gross ◽

Simona Grozinsky-Glasberg

Keyword(s):

Mouse Model ◽

Tumor Growth ◽

Mtor Inhibitors ◽

Degradation Pathway ◽

Neuroendocrine Neoplasms ◽

Histopathological Analysis ◽

Anti Cancer ◽

Subcutaneous Xenograft ◽

Rheumatic Drug

Patients with neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) often require systemic treatment, which is frequently limited by the emergence of drug resistance. mTOR inhibitors (mTORi), such as RAD001 (everolimus), have been shown to inhibit neoplasm progression. mTORi stimulates autophagy, a degradation pathway that might promote the survival of neoplasm cells that are exposed to anti-cancer therapy. Chloroquine (CQ), a well-known anti-malarial and anti-rheumatic drug, suppresses autophagy. Based on our previous results, we hypothesized that CQ may enhance the anti-tumorigenic effects of mTORi by inhibiting autophagy and we aimed to examine the anti-tumorigenic effect of CQ, alone or in combination with RAD001. We established a NEN subcutaneous xenograft mouse model and evaluated the effect of the drugs on tumor growth, mTOR pathway, autophagy and apoptosis. CQ alone and in combination with RAD001 significantly decreased neoplasm volume. Histopathological analysis revealed that the combination of CQ and RAD001 markedly inhibited mTOR activity and neoplasm cell growth, along with accumulation of autophagosomes and increased apoptosis. In conclusion, CQ enhances the anti-tumorigenic effect of RAD001 in vivo by inhibiting autophagy. Clinical trials addressing the effects of CQ therapy on neoplasm progression in patients with NENs, mainly in those treated with mTORi, are warranted.

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In Vivo Antioxidant And Kidney Protective Potential Of Atorvastatin In Rat Cadmium-Induced Toxicity

10.21203/rs.3.rs-589839/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Esmaeil Karami ◽

Zahra Goodarzi ◽

Ali Ghanbari ◽

Ahmad Reza Bandegi ◽

Sedighe Yosefi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Biochemical Parameters ◽

Cadmium Chloride ◽

Rat Kidney ◽

Intraperitoneal Administration ◽

Kidney Injury ◽

Protective Role ◽

Histological Changes ◽

Male Wistar Rats

Abstract Purpose: Environmental and occupational exposure to cadmium chloride is known to cause nephrotoxicity linked with oxidative stress in humans and animals. This study used Atorvastatin to examine its effect on cadmium chloride-induced nephrotoxicity in rat model using biochemical and histological methodologies.Methods: Experiments were performed on 56 adult male Wistar rats (200 ±20 g), randomly assigned to eight groups. Atorvastatin was administered by oral for 15 days at 20 mg/kg/day, started 7 days before cadmium chloride intraperitoneal administration (1, 2, and 3 mg/kg) for eight days. On day 16, blood samples were collected, and kidneys were excised to evaluate the biochemical and histopathological changes.Cadmium chloride significantly increased malondialdehyde (MDA), serum creatinine (Cr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) levels. Results: Administration of Atorvastatin (20 mg/kg) significantly improved lipid peroxidation, glutathione and activities of antioxidant enzymes and significantly decreased BUN and Creatinine. Atorvastatin clearly improved the histological changes, demonstrating its protective role against Cadmium chloride-induced kidney injury.Conclusion: Treatment with Atorvastatin significantly improves all biochemical parameters and suggests a protecting role against cadmium chloride-induced oxidative stress and histological changes in rat kidney.

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Emblica officinalis (Amla) Ameliorates High-Fat Diet Induced Alteration of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology

Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1871525717666190409120018 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 52-63 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Bheemshetty S. Patil ◽

Pallavi S. Kanthe ◽

Chandramouli R. Reddy ◽

Kusal K. Das

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Albino Rats ◽

Histopathological Study ◽

Histopathological Analysis ◽

Phytochemical Analysis ◽

Emblica Officinalis ◽

High Fat ◽

Elastic Artery

Background: Dietary high fat possibly causes oxidative stress. Also, it alters the pathophysiology of metabolically active myocardial tissues and vascular architecture. Emblica officinalis contains a potential antioxidant that counteracts oxidative stress and possibly maintains vascular integrity. Objective: To assess the effect of ethanolic extract of Emblica officinalis (EEO) on High Fat Diet (HFD) induced changes in vascular chemistry and histopathology of the cardiovascular system in male albino rats. Materials and Methods: Ethanolic extract of Emblica Officinalis (EEO) was prepared and phytochemical analysis was done. Rats were divided into four groups, having six rats in each group as follows: group 1- Control (20% fat); group 2 (20% fat+ EEO 100 mg/kg/b w); group 3 (30% fat) and group 4 (30% fat + EEO 100 mg/kg/b w). Dietary and EEO supplementation was continued for 21 days. Gravimetric and oxidative stress markers like MDA, NO, antioxidants like Vitamin C and E, and molecular marker (NOS3) were evaluated. Histopathological analysis was done on the myocardium and elastic artery along with measurement of coronary arterial wall thickness and lumen diameter. One way ANOVA was done for analysis of data. Results: High fat diet showed a significant increase in MDA, decrease of NO with unaltered NOS3 protein in rats fed with high fat diet, which indicate possible alteration of vascular pathophysiology. Supplementation of EEO showed an ameliorating effect on high fat diet induced oxidative stress. These results were further corroborated with findings of a histopathological study on the myocardium, elastic artery and coronary arterial architecture. Conclusion: Ethanolic extract of Emblica officinalis (EEO) indicates its cardioprotective efficacy against rats fed with high fat diet.

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Tetrahydrocurcumin Ameliorates Diabetic Cardiomyopathy by Attenuating High Glucose-Induced Oxidative Stress and Fibrosis via Activating the SIRT1 Pathway

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity ◽

10.1155/2019/6746907 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-15 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Kaifeng Li ◽

Mengen Zhai ◽

Liqing Jiang ◽

Fan Song ◽

Bin Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Signaling Pathway ◽

Diabetic Cardiomyopathy ◽

High Glucose ◽

Therapeutic Potential ◽

Ros Generation ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Collagen Iii

Hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress and fibrosis play a crucial role in the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). Tetrahydrocurcumin (THC), a major bioactive metabolite of natural antioxidant curcumin, is reported to exert even more effective antioxidative and superior antifibrotic properties as well as anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic abilities. This study was designed to investigate the potential protective effects of THC on experimental DCM and its underlying mechanisms, pointing to the role of high glucose-induced oxidative stress and interrelated fibrosis. In STZ-induced diabetic mice, oral administration of THC (120 mg/kg/d) for 12 weeks significantly improved the cardiac function and ameliorated myocardial fibrosis and cardiac hypertrophy, accompanied by reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Mechanically, THC administration remarkably increased the expression of the SIRT1 signaling pathway both in vitro and in vivo, further evidenced by decreased downstream molecule Ac-SOD2 and enhanced deacetylated production SOD2, which finally strengthened antioxidative stress capacity proven by repaired activities of SOD and GSH-Px and reduced MDA production. Additionally, THC treatment accomplished its antifibrotic effect by depressing the ROS-induced TGFβ1/Smad3 signaling pathway followed by reduced expression of cardiac fibrotic markers α-SMA, collagen I, and collagen III. Collectively, these finds demonstrated the therapeutic potential of THC treatment to alleviate DCM mainly by attenuating hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress and fibrosis via activating the SIRT1 pathway.

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Protection against Doxorubicin-Induced Cytotoxicity by Geniposide Involves AMPKα Signaling Pathway

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity ◽

10.1155/2019/7901735 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Yan-Yan Meng ◽

Yu-Pei Yuan ◽

Xin Zhang ◽

Chun-Yan Kong ◽

Peng Song ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Therapeutic Potential ◽

Cell Loss ◽

Protective Role ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Morphological Examination ◽

Heart Injury ◽

Amp Activated Protein Kinase

Oxidative stress and cardiomyocyte apoptosis play critical roles in the development of doxorubicin- (DOX-) induced cardiotoxicity. Our previous study found that geniposide (GE) could inhibit cardiac oxidative stress and apoptosis of cardiomyocytes but its role in DOX-induced heart injury remains unknown. Our study is aimed at investigating whether GE could protect against DOX-induced heart injury. The mice were subjected to a single intraperitoneal injection of DOX (15 mg/kg) to induce cardiomyopathy model. To explore the protective effects, GE was orally given for 10 days. The morphological examination and biochemical analysis were used to evaluate the effects of GE. H9C2 cells were used to verify the protective role of GE in vitro. GE treatment alleviated heart dysfunction and attenuated cardiac oxidative stress and cell loss induced by DOX in vivo and in vitro. GE could activate AMP-activated protein kinase α (AMPKα) in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, inhibition of AMPKα could abolish the protective effects of GE against DOX-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis. GE could protect against DOX-induced heart injury via activation of AMPKα. GE has therapeutic potential for the treatment of DOX cardiotoxicity.

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Blue laser light inhibits biofilm formation in vitro and in vivo by inducing oxidative stress

npj Biofilms and Microbiomes ◽

10.1038/s41522-019-0102-9 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Katia Rupel ◽

Luisa Zupin ◽

Giulia Ottaviani ◽

Iris Bertani ◽

Valentina Martinelli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Biofilm Formation ◽

Mammalian Cells ◽

Bacterial Infections ◽

Laser Light ◽

Therapeutic Potential ◽

Blue Laser ◽

Data Set

Abstract Resolution of bacterial infections is often hampered by both resistance to conventional antibiotic therapy and hiding of bacterial cells inside biofilms, warranting the development of innovative therapeutic strategies. Here, we report the efficacy of blue laser light in eradicating Pseudomonas aeruginosa cells, grown in planktonic state, agar plates and mature biofilms, both in vitro and in vivo, with minimal toxicity to mammalian cells and tissues. Results obtained using knock-out mutants point to oxidative stress as a relevant mechanism by which blue laser light exerts its anti-microbial effect. Finally, the therapeutic potential is confirmed in a mouse model of skin wound infection. Collectively, these data set blue laser phototherapy as an innovative approach to inhibit bacterial growth and biofilm formation, and thus as a realistic treatment option for superinfected wounds.

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Liposome-Mediated Delivery of Iminosugars Enhances Efficacy against Dengue VirusIn Vivo

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ◽

10.1128/aac.01554-12 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 56 (12) ◽

pp. 6379-6386 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Joanna L. Miller ◽

Ruben Lachica ◽

Andrew C. Sayce ◽

James P. Williams ◽

Manisha Bapat ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Viral Load ◽

Mouse Model ◽

Dengue Virus ◽

Effective Dose ◽

Infectious Virus ◽

Therapeutic Potential ◽

Human Monocyte ◽

Primary Cells ◽

Animal Survival

ABSTRACTA key challenge faced by promising antiviral drugs, such as iminosugars, isin vivodelivery to achieve effective levels of drug without toxicity. Four iminosugars, all deoxynojirimycin (DNJ) derivatives—N-butyl DNJ (NB-DNJ),N-nonyl DNJ,N-(9-methoxynonyl) DNJ, andN-(6′-[4″-azido-2″-nitrophenylamino]hexyl)-1-DNJ (NAP-DNJ)—potently inhibited both the percentage of cells infected with dengue virus and release of infectious virus from primary human monocyte-derived macrophages, demonstrating their efficacy in primary cells. In a lethal antibody-dependent enhancement mouse model of dengue pathogenesis, freeNB-DNJ significantly enhanced survival and lowered viral load in organs and serum. Liposome-mediated delivery ofNB-DNJ, in comparison with freeNB-DNJ, resulted in a 3-log10reduction in the dose of drug sufficient to enhance animal survival. The optimizing of the effective dose in this way could liberate the therapeutic potential of many cytotoxic antivirals against both dengue virus and a wide array of other viruses.

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Antioxidant activity of ethanolic extract of three Selaginella species from Java Island, Indonesia

Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity ◽

10.13057/biodiv/d201234 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (12) ◽

Author(s):

M Miftahudin ◽

Rini Hasibuan ◽

Tatik Chikmawati

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Sod Activity ◽

Different Doses

Abstract. Miftahudin, Hasibuan RS, Chikmawati T. 2019. Antioxidant activity of ethanolic extract of three Selaginella species from Java Island, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 3715-3722. Three Selaginella species, S. ornata, S. plana, and S. willdenowii, from Java Island, Indonesia, have been known to have antioxidant properties; however, in vivo antioxidant activities of these species have not been reported. This research aimed to evaluate the in vivo antioxidant activity of ethanolic extract of three Selaginella species. The 70% ethanol extract of three Selaginella species at four different doses was administered to mice one day before being treated with oxidative stress. The liver tissue of mice treated with or without oxidative stress was analyzed their lipid peroxidation by measuring MDA concentration and Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) activities. The results showed that there were variations in antioxidant activity among the three Selaginella species. In general, the dose of 0.3 g extract kg-1 BW has been able to reduce lipid peroxidation and increase SOD activity. The administration of S. ornata extract to the mice at 1.2 g extract kg-1 BW reduced the MDA concentration to the lowest level, but the same dose of two other Selaginella extracts caused toxic effects in mice. The antioxidant activities of S. ornata and S. plana were better than that of S. willdenowii extract, and among those species, S. ornata has the best antioxidant activity.

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