EPIDEMIOLOGY AND SURVIVAL OF PATIENTS WITH MALIGNANT TUMORS OF THE BRAIN (C71). POPULATION-BASED STUDY

Malignant neoplasms of the brain (BMN) in accordance with the international classification of the diseases (ICD-10) belong to the rubric C71. However, in the world and Russia it is customary to understand this term as the entire block of localizations related to the brain - rubrics C70-71. The topographic codes C70 (meninges), C71 (brain) and C72 (spinal cord, cranial nerves and other parts of the central nervous system) make up a small proportion among MN in general. In addition, all the summary data WHO-IARC and Russia as a rule aggregate the CNS tumors under the three heading ICD - 10 (ICDO-3) C70-72. With the developments in Russia of the system of Population cancer registries, it became possible to study the patterns of dynamics of incidence and to calculate the survival rate of patients with malignant necrosis in each ICD-10 section. This study presents the population-based analysis of incidence and mortality from BMN using available sources and, for the first time in Russia, the analysis of the dynamics of the survival among the patients with BMN under the rubric C71 is performed.

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Application of MRI for the Diagnosis of Neoplasms

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2018/2715831 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ewa Bejer-Oleńska ◽

Michael Thoene ◽

Andrzej Włodarczyk ◽

Joanna Wojtkiewicz

Keyword(s):

Benign Neoplasms ◽

Young Males ◽

Classification Of Diseases ◽

Icd 10 ◽

Mri Scans ◽

International Statistical Classification ◽

The Central Nervous System ◽

Spss Software ◽

The Brain

Aim. The aim of the study was to determine the most commonly diagnosed neoplasms in the MRI scanned patient population and indicate correlations based on the descriptive variables. Methods. The SPSS software was used to determine the incidence of neoplasms within the specific diagnoses based on the descriptive variables of the studied population. Over a five year period, 791 patients and 839 MRI scans were identified in neoplasm category (C00-D48 according to the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems ICD-10). Results. More women (56%) than men (44%) represented C00-D48. Three categories of neoplasms were recorded. Furthermore, benign neoplasms were the most numerous, diagnosed mainly in patients in the fifth decade of life, and included benign neoplasms of the brain and other parts of the central nervous system. Conclusions. Males ≤ 30 years of age with neoplasms had three times higher MRI scans rate than females of the same age group; even though females had much higher scans rate in every other category. The young males are more often selected for these scans if a neoplasm is suspected. Finally, the number of MRI-diagnosed neoplasms showed a linear annual increase.

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Abstract P398: Are the Trends in Age-Standardized Rates and Crude Numbers of Coronary Events Diverging? Results from the FINAMI Study for the Years 1993–2007

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.125.suppl_10.ap398 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽

Author(s):

Veikko Salomaa ◽

Aki S Havulinna ◽

Heli Koukkunen ◽

Päivi Kärjä-Koskenkari ◽

Arto Pietilä ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

International Classification Of Diseases ◽

Population Based ◽

Cardiac Events ◽

National Hospital Discharge Register ◽

Incidence And Mortality ◽

European Standard Population ◽

Increasing Trend ◽

Icd 10 ◽

Coronary Events

Background and Aims: Age-standardized rates of acute coronary events have been declining in all western countries. Concerns have been raised, however, that the absolute numbers of cases may be increasing due to the aging of the population. We examined trends in acute coronary events using data from the FINAMI myocardial infarction (MI) register. We also analyzed trends in coronary and other cardiac events in the whole country, using both age-standardized rates and crude numbers of cases to elucidate the effect of aging of the population. Methods: FINAMI is a population-based MI register, which aims at registering all MI events occurring in the populations aged 35 or over in five geographical areas of Finland. Hospital records, death certificates and other relevant documents were scrutinized and cases were classified to diagnostic categories as recommended by the AHA in 2003. To obtain information on the whole country we used record linkage of the National Hospital Discharge Register and Causes of Death Register. International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) codes I20-I25 were taken as coronary events, for fatal cases we also included I46, R96 and R98. Other cardiac events consisted of ICD-10 codes I30-I52, thus including heart failure and arrhythmias. Annual population counts for the denominators were obtained from the National Population Information System. Event rates were age-standardized to the European Standard Population. Trends for the rates were estimated using Poisson regression and for crude numbers using linear regression. Results: The FINAMI MI register recorded 15,776 (13,248 men and 11,657 women) incident (=first) coronary events during the study period. In whole country, the corresponding numbers of first coronary events were 406,222 (221,838 in men and 184,383 in women). In FINAMI areas, the coronary mortality declined an average by 4.5% per year in men (P<0.0001) and 4.7% per year in women (p<0.0001). Declines in the incidence were smaller but also very significant: 1.6% and 1.8% per year in men and women, respectively (p<0.0001 for both). In country-wide data, declines in the age-standardized incidence were of the same order of magnitude as in the FINAMI areas and the crude numbers of cases also showed a declining trend: 0.4% per year in men (p=0.046) and 1.5% per year in women (p<0.0001). The age-standardized incidence of other cardiac events showed significant declines in both sexes, but the crude numbers of cases showed a modest increasing trend among men (1.1% per year, p=0.038) while no change was observed in women. Conclusions: Age-standardized incidence and mortality of coronary events continue to decline in Finland. The crude numbers of coronary events have also declined at least until 2007, despite the aging of the population. However, crude numbers of other first cardiac events, including heart failure and arrhythmias, showed a modest increasing trend among men.

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In and Out of the Central Nervous System

10.1093/med/9780190614966.003.0007 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Michael J. Aminoff

Keyword(s):

Central Nervous System ◽

Nervous System ◽

Experimental Approach ◽

Cranial Nerves ◽

Motor Functions ◽

System P ◽

The Central Nervous System ◽

Experimental Findings ◽

The Brain

In 1811, Bell had printed privately a monograph titled Idea of a New Anatomy of the Brain. In it, Bell correctly showed that the anterior but not the posterior roots had motor functions. François Magendie subsequently showed that the anterior roots were motor, and the posterior roots were sensory. This led to a dispute about priority during which Bell republished some of his early work with textual alterations to support his claims. Bell was involved in a similar dispute with Herbert Mayo concerning the separate functions of the fifth (sensory) and seventh (motor) cranial nerves, and Mayo today is a forgotten man. In both instances, Bell deserves credit for the concepts and initial experimental approach, and Magendie and Mayo deserve credit for obtaining and correctly interpreting the definitive experimental findings.

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Studying Survival of Cancer Patients in Different Populations: Its Potential and Role

Tumori Journal ◽

10.1177/030089169708300104 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 83 (1) ◽

pp. 3-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Andrea Micheli ◽

Gemma Gatta ◽

Arduino Verdecchia

Keyword(s):

Cancer Patients ◽

Health Expenditure ◽

Cancer Survival ◽

Relative Survival ◽

Cancer Registries ◽

Population Based ◽

Malignant Neoplasms ◽

Regional Health ◽

Italian Regions ◽

Different Populations

Rationale Survival figures from a population-based study incorporate the overall practice in diagnosis, cure and clinical follow-up for a specific disease within a given health care system. Being the outcome of a number of individual, social and economical aspects, population-based survival may be thought as index for measuring the level of a country's development. Data The EUROCARE project, a European Cancer Registries (CR) concerted action, provided reliable information on survival for more than 800,000 cancer patients from 11 European countries. A great deal of epidemiologic information has derived from EUROCARE. Women had a longer survival than men for all studied tumour sites, except for the colon. European survival variability was fairly high for several cancers, but it was lower for cancers with a relatively good prognosis and those sensitive to treatment. The ranking of populations of cancer survival tended to be fairly stable for many cancers: CR of Switzerland and Finland ranked high and Polish CR low. Denmark, Italian and France CR did not substantially differ from the European survival average. For most cancers, prognosis improved during the studied period (years of diagnosis: 1978–1985). Survival figures for colon (r = 0.74, males; r = 0.73, women) and female breast cancer (r = 0.57) well correlated with the national health expenditure of different participating countries. The ITACARE study, a new Italian Cancer Registries collaborative project involving more than 100,000 cancer patients, was set up to study survival differences within the country. Survival of cancer patients was not homogeneous in 7 studied Italian regions (the estimated 5-year relative survival for all malignant neoplasms combined ranked from 37.8% in CR of Sicily to 42.1% in those of Emilia-Romagna). The lowest levels of regional health expenditures were accompanied by the lowest levels of prognosis for overall cancers. However, a relatively low correlation among patient cancer survival and the regional health expenditure (r = 0.21) was found, suggesting that other factors such as different efficiency in managing cancer may play a role in explaining the intracountry differences. Conclusions Population-based survival figures may be used to study epidemiologic aspects, comparing different health systems, and may be interpreted as indexes for discussing inequalities in health in different populations.

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Epidemiology of Childhood Cancer in Piemonte and Valle d'Aosta during 1965-69.

Tumori Journal ◽

10.1177/030089167506100307 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 61 (3) ◽

pp. 291-304 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Guido Pastore ◽

Benedetto Terracini

Keyword(s):

Age Groups ◽

Soft Tissue Sarcomas ◽

Cancer Registries ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Number Of Children ◽

Incidence And Mortality ◽

The Central Nervous System ◽

The Difference ◽

Hodgkin's Lymphomas ◽

The U.S

Piemonte and Valle d'Aosta are in the NW part of Italy. In 1967 total population and population aged 0-14 were respectively 4.338.000 and 841.000. During the period 1965-69 a total of 688 cases of cancer (including leukemia) were diagnosed in children under 15 years of age resident in this area. The Cancer Registry of Piedmont and Valle d'Aosta (RTP) provided information on 465 children; the other 223 were collected through additional investigation in the files of 31 university or hospital departments of the region and 5 extraregional hospitals. Distribution through the 5 years covered by the investigation is shown in Table 1. Histological or hematological confirmation of the diagnosis was available in 499 cases (73%). The 688 cases included 216 leukemias, 131 tumors of the central nervous system, 40 neuroblastomas, 82 lymphomas (including 34 cases of Hodgkin's disease), 46 nephroblastomas, 32 soft-tissue sarcomas, 29 bone sarcomas (including 5 cases of Ewing's disease), 25 retinoblastomas, 12 thyroid tumors, 10 extragenital teratomas, 5 ovarian dysgerminomas, 4 tumours of the testes, 4 hepatoblastomas and 52 other tumours (Table 2). The number of children under 15 years of age dying of cancer during 1965-69 was 341 (Table 2). Incidence and mortality rates by age groups are given in Tables 3 and 4. The rates were of the same order as those observed in the U.S. and in other European cancer registries during the same period (Tables 4, 5 and 6). The mortality rate for nephroblastomas at age 0-4 was 1,09/100.000/year, i.e. slightly higher than that observed in the U.S. in 1960 but about twice as high as that observed in the U.S. in 1967 (14). Incidence and mortality rates for both Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas were about 3 times higher in males than in females (Table 3). The difference was less obvious during the first five years of life, in which the total number of diagnosed lymphomas was 16.

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A unified approach for assessing heterogeneity in age–period–cohort model parameters using random effects

Statistical Methods in Medical Research ◽

10.1177/0962280217713033 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 28 (1) ◽

pp. 20-34 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Pavel Chernyavskiy ◽

Mark P Little ◽

Philip S Rosenberg

Keyword(s):

Random Effects ◽

Cancer Incidence ◽

Population Level ◽

Cancer Registries ◽

Population Based ◽

Model Parameters ◽

Cohort Model ◽

Annual Percent Change ◽

Period Effects ◽

Incidence And Mortality

Age–period–cohort models are a popular tool for studying population-level rates; for example, trends in cancer incidence and mortality. Age–period–cohort models decompose observed trends into age effects that correlate with natural history, period effects that reveal factors impacting all ages simultaneously (e.g. innovations in screening), and birth cohort effects that reflect differential risk exposures that vary across birth years. Methodology for the analysis of multiple population strata (e.g. ethnicity, cancer registry) within the age–period–cohort framework has not been thoroughly investigated. Here, we outline a general model for characterizing differences in age–period–cohort model parameters for a potentially large number of strata. Our model incorporates stratum-specific random effects for the intercept, the longitudinal age trend, and the model-based estimate of annual percent change (net drift), thereby enabling a comprehensive analysis of heterogeneity. We also extend the standard model to include quadratic terms for age, period, and cohort, along with the corresponding random effects, which quantify possible stratum-specific departures from global curvature. We illustrate the utility of our model with an application to metastatic prostate cancer incidence (2004–2013) in non-Hispanic white and black men, using 17 population-based cancer registries in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program.

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Primary Burkitt Lymphoma of the Fourth Ventricle in an Immunocompetent Young Patient

Case Reports in Pathology ◽

10.1155/2014/630954 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Abdulrahman Alabdulsalam ◽

Syed Z. A. Zaidi ◽

Imran Tailor ◽

Yasser Orz ◽

Sadeq Al-Dandan

Keyword(s):

Burkitt Lymphoma ◽

Cranial Nerves ◽

High Dose ◽

Rare Entity ◽

Diagnostic Challenge ◽

Dose Methotrexate ◽

The Central Nervous System ◽

Blue Cell ◽

The Brain ◽

4Th Ventricle

Primary Burkitt lymphoma of the central nervous system (CNS) is rare, with only few cases reported in the literature. An 18 year-old immunocompetent male presented with multiple cranial nerves palsies and was found to have a mass predominantly in the 4th ventricle of the brain. Tumor was surgically removed and showed morphological and immunohistochemical features consistent with Burkitt lymphoma. The patient responded very well to anthracycline based chemotherapy with high dose methotrexate (HD MTX) and intrathecal (IT) chemotherapy delivered by Ommaya reservoir. Primary Burkitt lymphoma of the CNS is a rare entity that poses differential diagnostic challenge with other small round blue cell tumors.

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Cancer incidence and mortality in the municipality of Pasto, 1998 – 2007

Colombia Medica ◽

10.25100/cm.v43i4.1179 ◽

2012 ◽

pp. 256-266 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Maria Clara Yepez ◽

Luis Eduardo Bravo ◽

Arsenio Hidalgo Troya ◽

Daniel Marcelo Jurado ◽

Luisa Mercedes Bravo

Keyword(s):

Cancer Incidence ◽

Cancer Mortality ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Population Level ◽

Cancer Registries ◽

Population Based ◽

Mortality Data ◽

Major Health Problem ◽

Incidence And Mortality ◽

Cancer Morbidity

Introduction: In Colombia, information on cancer morbidity at the population level is limited. Incidence estimates for most regions are based on mortality data. To improve the validity of these estimates, it is necessary that other population-based cancer registries, as well as Cali, provide cancer risk information. Objective: To describe the incidence and cancer mortality in the municipality of Pasto within the 1998-2007 period. Methodology: The study population belongs to rural and urban areas of the municipality of Pasto. Collection, processing, and systematization of the data were performed according to internationally standardized parameters for population-based cancer registries. The cancer incidence and mortality rates were calculated by gender, age, and tumor site. Results: During the 1998-2007 period 4,986 new cases of cancer were recorded of which 57.7% were in female. 2,503 deaths were presented, 52% in female. Neoplasm-associated infections are the leading cause of cancer morbidity in Pasto: stomach cancer in males and cervical cancer in females. Discussion: Cancer in general is a major health problem for the population of the municipality of Pasto. The overall behavior of the increasing incidence and cancer mortality in relation to other causes of death show the need to implement and strengthen prevention and promotion programs, focusing especially on tumors that produce greater morbidity and mortality in the population.

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Collection and Reporting of National Cancer Stage at Diagnosis Data in Australia (STaR Project)

Journal of Global Oncology ◽

10.1200/jgo.18.61300 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement 2) ◽

pp. 67s-67s

Author(s):

R. Long ◽

A. Woods ◽

C. Biondi ◽

J. Luzuriaga ◽

C. Anderiesz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pediatric Cancer ◽

Cancer Registries ◽

Population Based ◽

National Standard ◽

Cancer Stage ◽

Stage At Diagnosis ◽

Business Rules ◽

Cancer Outcomes ◽

National Data ◽

First Time

Background: Stage at diagnosis is an important prognostic factor for cancer, providing contextual information for interpreting population health indicators such as mortality from cancer and cancer survival. Australian population-based cancer registries (PBCRs) routinely collect information on cancer incidence and mortality. The need for high quality, comprehensive national data on stage at diagnosis to supplement these data are widely recognized in Australia. The collection and dissemination of quality national stage data will enhance the: • ability to better monitor cancer outcomes, inform cancer control policy; • understand variations across different populations; and • identify where further research and targeted strategies may be required to improve cancer outcomes. Linking data on cancer stage at diagnosis with other administrative cancer data will also allow for a better understanding of the relationship between stage at diagnosis, treatments received, patterns of cancer recurrence, and survival outcomes. Aim: To strengthen national data capacity by collecting and reporting cancer stage at diagnosis for Cancer Australia's Stage, Treatment and Recurrence (STaR) project. Methods: Working with state and territory population-based cancer registries (PBCRs) and the Australian Pediatric Cancer Registry, Cancer Australia supported the development and testing of Business Rules for the collection of national cancer stage at diagnosis for: • The top 5 incident cancers based on the Tumor, Node, and Metastasis (TNM) staging system. These rules were endorsed by the Australasian Association of Cancer Registries (AACR) as a national standard in May 2016; and • Childhood cancers, with a separate set of Business Rules for 16 childhood cancer types based on the Toronto Pediatric Cancer Stage Guidelines. These rules were supported by the AACR as a national standard. Results: Using the AACR-endorsed Business Rules, comprehensive national cancer stage at diagnosis data for the top 5 incident cancers (for 2011) have been collected in Australia for the first time. Over 90% of incidence cases were able to be assigned a value for registry-derived (RD) stage at diagnosis for melanoma (97%), prostate (97%), and female breast (94%) cancers. Lower staging completeness was found for colorectal cancers (88%), and for lung cancers (72%). Business Rules for the collection of stage at diagnosis data for pediatric cancers have also been developed; 93% of sample cases diagnosed in the period 2006-2010 were able to be staged, ranging from 84% for nonrhabdomyosarcoma to 100% for hepatoblastoma. Conclusion: The Business Rules enabled the uniform collection of cancer stage at diagnosis data for the first time in Australia. The collection of these data will allow for the linkage of stage at diagnosis to other sources of information, including patterns of treatments applied, and enable reporting of survival and recurrence outcomes by stage.

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Sex differences in incidence and mortality of bloodstream infections. Results from the population-based HUNT study in Norway

10.1101/2021.08.24.21262516 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Randi Marie Mohus ◽

Lise T. Gustad ◽

Anne Sofie Furberg ◽

Martine Kjølberg Moen ◽

Kristin Vardheim Liyanarachi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Sex Differences ◽

Large Population ◽

Bloodstream Infections ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Health Behaviours ◽

Population Based ◽

Incidence And Mortality ◽

The Impact ◽

First Time

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the effect of sex on risk of bloodstream infections (BSI) and BSI mortality and to assess to what extent known risk factors for BSI mediate this association in the general population.ParticipantsThe prospective, population-based HUNT2 Survey (1995-97) in Norway invited 93,898 inhabitants ≥20 years in the Nord-Trøndelag region, whereof 65,237 (69.5%) participated. 46.8% of the participants were men.ExposuresSex and potential mediators between sex and BSI; health behaviours (smoking, alcohol consumption), education attainment, cardiovascular risk factors (systolic blood pressure, non-HDL cholesterol, body mass index) and previous or current comorbidities.Main outcome measuresSex differences in risk of first-time BSI, BSI mortality (death within first 30 days after a BSI), BSI caused by the most frequent bacteria, and the impact of known BSI risk factors as mediators.ResultsWe documented a first-time BSI for 1,840 (2.9%) participants (51.3% men) during a median follow-up of 14.8 years. Of these, 396 (0.6%) died (56.6% men). Men had 41% higher risk of any first-time BSI (95% confidence interval (CI), 28 to 54%) than women. An estimated 34% of the excess risk of BSI in men was mediated by known BSI risk factors. The hazard ratio (HR) with 95% CI for BSI due to S. aureus was 2.09 (1.28 to 2.54), S. pneumoniae 1.36 (1.05 to 1.76), and E. coli 0.97 (0.84 to 1.13) in men vs women. BSI related mortality was higher in men compared to women with HR 1.87 (1.53 to 2.28).ConclusionsThis large population-based study show that men have higher risk of BSI than women. One-third of this effect was mediated by known risk factors for BSI. This raises important questions regarding sex specific approaches to reduce the burden of BSI.

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