MANUFACTURING OF ENERGY EFFICIENT SOLAR PANELS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Андрей Дмитриевич Бухтеев ◽  
Виктория Буянтуевна Бальжиева ◽  
Анна Романовна Тарасова ◽  
Фидан Гасанова ◽  
Светлана Викторовна Агасиева
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Solar Cells ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Solar Panels

В данном обзоре приведены проблемы при использовании солнечных элементов и существующие решения этих проблем по повышению энергоэффективности фотоэлементов. Также сравнивается КПД этих солнечных элементов и рассматриваются их особенности. Одним из самых эффективных способов стало применение нанотехнологий. This review presents the problems of using solar cells and existing solutions to these problems to improve the energy efficiency of solar cells. The efficiency of these solar cells is also compared and their features are considered. One of the most effective methods was the use of nanotechnology.

SOLAR BATTERIES AS AN ELEMENT OF DESIGN OF MODERN ENERGY EFFICIENT BUILDINGS

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 39-49
Author(s):  
I. V. Pekur ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Additional Advantage ◽  
Adverse Weather

The concept of increasing the energy efficiency of buildings by placing solar panels on their facades is considered. This solution is evaluated from the point of view of modern urban design, and the possibilities of increasing the energy efficiency of lighting systems of modern buildings with the use of solar panels for their power supply are determined. The implementation of a combination of power from renewable energy sources and from the stationary grid in the absence of energy storage systems (batteries) allows to create systems capable of using almost all the electricity generated by an alternative energy source. In this case, energy losses to energy transportation will be minimal. The absence of such battery systems in the designs allows to install only the design-calculated number of solar panels without the need to make a significant backup of generating capacity for its accumulation or operation in adverse weather conditions. An additional advantage of abandoning energy storage - batteries, is a significant reduction in the use of environmentally hazardous substances such as lead, lithium and acidic or alkaline electrolytes, the production of which has a negative impact on the environment, and their disposal requires additional costs. In the work, it is proposed to use cassette facade systems with built-in solar panels, which allow architects to create a modern appearance of buildings and structures. It is shown that in the absence of solar tracking systems, the reduction in generation is 23% for the case of horizontal expansion of solar panels compared to the case of the optimal angle (for Kyiv 40o) and 40% for the case of vertical installation of solar panels. The analysis indicates the possibility of creating a modern energy-efficient design of building facades, both in the design of modern buildings and in the restoration of facades of existing buildings.

scholarly journals Energy efficiency as a key area of innovative economy of Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 01025
Author(s):  
P. A. Levchaev
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Lighting Control ◽  
Funding Mechanism ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Innovative Economy ◽  
Innovative Orientation ◽  
System Methodology

The article studies the cluster form of organization and financing for energy efficiency projects in the Republic of Mordovia «Energy efficient lighting engineering and intellectual lighting control system». Methodology of system approach allows revealing the purpose and objectives of the cluster, the structure and composition of its elemental base, the funding mechanism and the results. From the position of an integrated approach characterized by an innovative orientation of development of economy of region. Shown the most significant and promising projects in the field of energy efficiency - the production of modules for solar panels, energy-efficient housing construction and biogas plant.

scholarly journals Prospects of designing small architectural forms using alternative energy sources

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-54
Author(s):  
Тetiana Tkachenko ◽  
Oleksii Tkachenko ◽  
Olena Voloshkina ◽  
Adam Ujma
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Maximum Deviation ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
The City

The energy efficiency of the transport system is one of the key issues in the concept of sustainable development of modern cities. Increasing energy efficiency in the transport sector implies increasing the efficiency of the entire transport sector: from modernizing vehicles to introducing energy-efficient comfortable stops for public transport into the city system. One of the problems of modern architecture of large cities is the creation of a unified architecture of small architectural forms (SAF), namely, stops of urban public transport. They should not only have a modern design, but also be comfortable, functional, safe and energy efficient. In the article, the authors propose a unified urban archetype for an energy-efficient public transport stop for the city of Kyiv. Energy efficiency is achieved by installing solar panels on the roofs of the SAF. During the placement of the bus stop, it is imperative to take into account the shading from nearest buildings located on the south, south-east and south-west sides. Depending on the orientation of the roof of the stop to the cardinal points and the type of solar panels, it can generate about 2030 kW∙h/year (west orientation) – 2269.9 kW∙h/year (south orientation) of electricity. The maximum deviation from the averaged equal-percentage value (2143.16 kW∙h/year) related to the actual data between the maximum and minimum of generation is only 5.55%. This is explained by the angle of photovoltaic panels, which is optimized for universal use. The proposed archetype is energy efficient, functional, and therefore can be taken as a basis for mass placement in the city.

Analysis Criteria for Choosing Energy Efficient High-Quality Light Sources and Luminaires

2018 ◽  
pp. 113-119
Author(s):  
Gennady Ya. Vagin ◽  
Eugene B. Solntsev ◽  
Oleg Yu. Malafeev
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
The European Union ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Eu Directive ◽  
The World ◽  
A New Technique ◽  
Energy Labelling

The article analyses critera applying to the choice of energy efficient high quality light sources and luminaires, which are used in Russian domestic and international practice. It is found that national standards GOST P 54993–2012 and GOST P 54992– 2012 contain outdated criteria for determining indices and classes of energy efficiency of light sources and luminaires. They are taken from the 1998 EU Directive #98/11/EU “Electric lamps”, in which LED light sources and discharge lamps of high intensity were not included. A new Regulation of the European Union #874/2012/EU on energy labelling of electric lamps and luminaires, in which these light sources are taken into consideration, contains a new technique of determining classes of energy efficiency and new, higher classes are added. The article has carried out a comparison of calculations of the energy efficiency classes in accordance with GOST P 54993 and with Regulation #874/2012/EU, and it is found out that a calculation using GOST P 54993 gives underrated energy efficiency classes. This can lead to interdiction of export for certain light sources and luminaires, can discredit Russian domestic manufacturer light sources and does not correspond to the rules of the World Trade Organization (WTO).

Performance Analysis of TBC-ACO Routing Protocol with Existing Routing Protocols of Wireless Sensor Networks

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 169
Author(s):  
A. Radhika ◽  
D. Haritha
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Swarm Intelligence ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Congestion Aware

Wireless Sensor Networks, have witnessed significant amount of improvement in research across various areas like Routing, Security, Localization, Deployment and above all Energy Efficiency. Congestion is a problem of  importance in resource constrained Wireless Sensor Networks, especially for large networks, where the traffic loads exceed the available capacity of the resources . Sensor nodes are prone to failure and the misbehaviour of these faulty nodes creates further congestion. The resulting effect is a degradation in network performance, additional computation and increased energy consumption, which in turn decreases network lifetime. Hence, the data packet routing algorithm should consider congestion as one of the parameters, in addition to the role of the faulty nodes and not merely energy efficient protocols .Nowadays, the main central point of attraction is the concept of Swarm Intelligence based techniques integration in WSN.  Swarm Intelligence based Computational Swarm Intelligence Techniques have improvised WSN in terms of efficiency, Performance, robustness and scalability. The main objective of this research paper is to propose congestion aware , energy efficient, routing approach that utilizes Ant Colony Optimization, in which faulty nodes are isolated by means of the concept of trust further we compare the performance of various existing routing protocols like AODV, DSDV and DSR routing protocols, ACO Based Routing Protocol  with Trust Based Congestion aware ACO Based Routing in terms of End to End Delay, Packet Delivery Rate, Routing Overhead, Throughput and Energy Efficiency. Simulation based results and data analysis shows that overall TBC-ACO is 150% more efficient in terms of overall performance as compared to other existing routing protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks.

Energy efficient biomorphic pulse information coding in electronic neurons for the entrance unit of the neuroprocessor

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 186-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander D. Pisarev
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Information Transfer ◽  
Biological Systems ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Input Unit ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
Electric Circuits ◽  
Electronic Neuron

This article studies the implementation of some well-known principles of information work of biological systems in the input unit of the neuroprocessor, including spike coding of information used in models of neural networks of the latest generation.<br> The development of modern neural network IT gives rise to a number of urgent tasks at the junction of several scientific disciplines. One of them is to create a hardware platform&nbsp;— a neuroprocessor for energy-efficient operation of neural networks. Recently, the development of nanotechnology of the main units of the neuroprocessor relies on combined memristor super-large logical and storage matrices. The matrix topology is built on the principle of maximum integration of programmable links between nodes. This article describes a method for implementing biomorphic neural functionality based on programmable links of a highly integrated 3D logic matrix.<br> This paper focuses on the problem of achieving energy efficiency of the hardware used to model neural networks. The main part analyzes the known facts of the principles of information transfer and processing in biological systems from the point of view of their implementation in the input unit of the neuroprocessor. The author deals with the scheme of an electronic neuron implemented based on elements of a 3D logical matrix. A pulsed method of encoding input information is presented, which most realistically reflects the principle of operation of a sensory biological neural system. The model of an electronic neuron for selecting ranges of technological parameters in a real 3D logic matrix scheme is analyzed. The implementation of disjunctively normal forms is shown, using the logic function in the input unit of a neuroprocessor as an example. The results of modeling fragments of electric circuits with memristors of a 3D logical matrix in programming mode are presented.<br> The author concludes that biomorphic pulse coding of standard digital signals allows achieving a high degree of energy efficiency of the logic elements of the neuroprocessor by reducing the number of valve operations. Energy efficiency makes it possible to overcome the thermal limitation of the scalable technology of three-dimensional layout of elements in memristor crossbars.

scholarly journals Determinants of Consumers’ Intentions towards the Purchase of Energy Efficient Appliances in Pakistan: An Extended Model of the Theory of Planned Behavior

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 565
Author(s):  
Muhammad Rizwan Ali ◽  
Muhammad Shafiq ◽  
Murad Andejany
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽  
Planned Behavior ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Behavioral Intentions ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Extended Model ◽  
Awareness Campaigns

Amplified energy demand due to technologically advanced electrical and electronic appliances has accentuated the importance of energy efficiency to overcome energy shortage and environmental concerns. As adoption of energy efficient appliances depends on perception of the consumers, this study focuses on behavioral exploration of the consumers’ intentions towards the purchase of energy efficient appliances using an extended model of the theory of planned behavior (TPB). The study is based on a survey comprising 289 respondents. Partial least square (PLS) method is used to analyze the data. The results show that the attitude, perceived behavioral control, policy information campaigns, and past-purchase experiences significantly impact behavioral intentions of the consumers, whereas subjective and moral norms are insignificant in shaping behavioral intentions. Based on analyses, policy implications emphasizing (i) strong awareness campaigns, (ii) energy efficiency incentives, and (iii) replacement initiatives are proposed to help policy makers and administrators in achieving required goals of energy efficiency and conservation. The proposed research model and policy initiatives are a blueprint for synergies among policymakers, practitioners, and researchers in understanding and shaping consumers’ behaviors towards the purchase of energy efficient products, particularly, in developing countries.

scholarly journals Improving the energy efficiency of using solar panels

2020 ◽  
Vol 613 ◽  
pp. 012092
Author(s):  
G V Nikitenko ◽  
E V Konoplev ◽  
V K Salpagarov ◽  
I V Danchenko ◽  
G V Masyutina
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Solar Panels

scholarly journals Towards DC Energy Efficient Homes

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 6005
Author(s):  
Daniel Villanueva ◽  
Moisés Cordeiro-Costas ◽  
Andrés E. Feijóo-Lorenzo ◽  
Antonio Fernández-Otero ◽  
Edelmiro Miguez-García
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Led Lighting ◽  
Shed Light

The aim of this paper is to shed light on the question regarding whether the integration of an electric battery as a part of a domestic installation may increase its energy efficiency in comparison with a conventional case. When a battery is included in such an installation, two types of electrical conversion must be considered, i.e., AC/DC and DC/AC, and hence the corresponding losses due to these converters must not be forgotten when performing the analysis. The efficiency of the whole system can be increased if one of the mentioned converters is avoided or simply when its dimensioning is reduced. Possible ways to achieve this goal can be: to use electric vehicles as DC suppliers, the use of as many DC home devices as possible, and LED lighting or charging devices based on renewables. With all this in mind, several scenarios are proposed here in order to have a look at all possibilities concerning AC and DC powering. With the aim of checking these scenarios using real data, a case study is analyzed by operating with electricity consumption mean values.

scholarly journals Energy Efficiency in Short and Wide-Area IoT Technologies—A Survey

Technologies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Eljona Zanaj ◽  
Giuseppe Caso ◽  
Luca De Nardis ◽  
Alireza Mohammadpour ◽  
Özgü Alay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Wide Area ◽  
Wide Area Networks ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Extensive Review ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
The Internet Of Things

In the last years, the Internet of Things (IoT) has emerged as a key application context in the design and evolution of technologies in the transition toward a 5G ecosystem. More and more IoT technologies have entered the market and represent important enablers in the deployment of networks of interconnected devices. As network and spatial device densities grow, energy efficiency and consumption are becoming an important aspect in analyzing the performance and suitability of different technologies. In this framework, this survey presents an extensive review of IoT technologies, including both Low-Power Short-Area Networks (LPSANs) and Low-Power Wide-Area Networks (LPWANs), from the perspective of energy efficiency and power consumption. Existing consumption models and energy efficiency mechanisms are categorized, analyzed and discussed, in order to highlight the main trends proposed in literature and standards toward achieving energy-efficient IoT networks. Current limitations and open challenges are also discussed, aiming at highlighting new possible research directions.

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