scholarly journals The features of the Latin grammatical system as the cognitive-communicative basis of medical terminology

2021 ◽  
pp. 54-61
Author(s):  
Т.Я. Кузнецова
Keyword(s):  
Syntactic Structure ◽  
Professional Communication ◽  
Common Language ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Medical Terminology ◽  
Parts Of Speech ◽  
Cognitive Research ◽  
Latin Language ◽  
Accurate Expression ◽  
Structured Knowledge

В статье рассматривается проблема адекватности грамматической системы латинского языка ее использованию в медицинской терминологии. Актуальность темы обусловлена когнитивно-коммуникативным подходом к анализу материала. С появлением когнитивных исследований термин предстает не как застывшее образование, но как представляемый чувственно и мыслительно воспринимаемый объект. В его основе лежит концепт, квант структурированного знания. Научная новизна исследования заключается в анализе роли латинской грамматики в процессе формирования медицинской терминологии коллективным адресантом, гуманистами эпохи Возрождения. Сущность системы латинского склонения имен существительных состоит в присоединении к различным основам сравнительно небольшого числа падежных окончаний, сходных для ряда склонений. Номинации в процессе коммуникации осуществляются общими процессами и принципами. Склонение I и II групп имен прилагательных дифференцировано в зависимости от того, на какие типы склонения имен существительных они ориентированы. Термины-словосочетания рассматриваются в аспекте межуровневого взаимодействия морфологии и синтаксиса. Имея четкую когнитивную и коммуникативную направленность, термины-словосочетания отличаются строгой семантической, морфологической и синтаксической структурой. Особенности грамматической системы латинского языка обусловливают в медицине легкость восприятия, глубину понимания адресатом и быстроту его реакции в процессе профессиональной коммуникации. The paper discusses the problem of the adequacy of the grammatical system of the Latin language in medical terminology. The relevance of the topic is due to the cognitive-communicative approach to the analysis of the material. Anthropocentrism, with its focus on the intelligent human being, necessitated a review of the terminology and interpretation of the term as a word limited by its special purpose and an unambiguous and accurate expression of the concept. With the advent of cognitive research, the term appears not as a ‘frozen’ formation, but as a sensually and mentally perceived object. It is based on the concept, a “quantum” of structured knowledge. However, stepping from the field of a common language the language of medicine, the word presenting the concept becomes the name of the concept, expressing medical reality as a term. The scientific novelty of the study is to solve the problem of the formation of medical terminology based on the system of the Latin grammar, morphology and syntax by the collective addressee, humanists of the Renaissance. For medical terminology, two parts of speech are chiefly required for professional purposes: nouns and adjectives. The essence of the Latin declension system of the noun consists in attaching a relatively small number of case endings to various stems, with some endings shared by different declinations. The process of nomination is guarded by general principles. Adjectives are divided into two groups. The first and second declension of adjectives is differentiated depending on the declension of nouns they modify. Phrase terms are considered in the inter-layer interaction of morphology and syntax. There is special attention to psychosystematics, which puts forward the concept of linguistic virtuality — the repository in our thinking in terms of concepts (cogitative algorithms for the formation of words as parts of speech) (G. Guillaume, L. M. Skrelina) before their use in speech (small syntax). With a clear cognitive and communicative orientation, phrase terms are distinguished by a formal semantic, morphological and syntactic structure. In medicine, the peculiarities of Latin grammar facilitate perception, contribute to the depth of understanding by the addressees and the speed of their reaction in the process of professional communication

scholarly journals XENONYM-INTERPRETATIVE МАФАНЬ IN NETWORK DISCOURSE OF THE RUSSIAN-SPEAKING DIASPORA OF CHINA

2020 ◽  
pp. 19-26
Author(s):  
Ольга Вячеславовна Орлова ◽  
Юаньин Ван
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Culture ◽  
Complex Analysis ◽  
Syntactic Structure ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Communication Analysis ◽  
Parts Of Speech ◽  
Transcription System ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
The Russian Language

Введение. Изучены ксенонимы-интерпретативы в сетевом дискурсе русскоязычной диаспоры Китая как репрезентанте русской лингвокультуры, ориентированной в область китайской культуры. Ксенонимы-интерпретативы имеют полноценные лексические соответствия в языке-реципиенте, не отмечены этнокультурной маркированностью в матричном языке и служат восприятию, пониманию и интерпретации иностранной языковой и социокультурной реальности диаспоральным сообществом. Цель. На основе рассмотрения одного из наиболее распространенных в изучаемом дискурсе китаизмов – ксенонима мафань – проследить механизмы лингводискурсивной адаптации, а также особенности функционирования ксенонима-интерпретатива в публичной интернет-коммуникации русскоязычного сообщества Китая. Материал и методы. Материалом исследования послужили более 500 текстов сетевой коммуникации русскоязычной диаспоры Китая, включающие ксеноним-интерпретатив мафань. Вместе с методологическим инструментарием интерлингвокультурологии, теории заимствования и лексической семантики используются приемы контекстологического и дискурс-анализа, а также корпусной и квантитативной лингвистики. Результаты и обсуждение. Ксеноним-интерпретатив мафань при вхождении в сетевой диаспоральный дискурс и адаптации в нем, в том числе графической, претерпевает значительные семантические, деривационные, стилистические, морфолого-синтаксические трансформации, демонстрируя на всех этих уровнях крайне высокую степень подвижности и вариативности. Анализ вариантов письменной фиксации показал доминирование написания китаизма в соответствии с нормативной транскрипционной системой записи кириллицей китайских имен, наряду со значимым количеством некодифицированных и иероглифических написаний. При приспособлении ксенонима к специфике морфолого-синтаксического строя русского языка также наблюдаются его значительная грамматическая вариативность и факты включения в процесс окказионального словообразования. В ходе анализа данных словарей, а также корпусных и иных данных об употреблении лексемы в аутентичной речевой среде выявлено большое количество различных по честеречной принадлежности и семантике эквивалентов лексемы при ее переводе, а также наличие книжной и этикетной стилистической окраски в китайском языке, не сохраняющейся при вхождении в русскоязычное неформальное общение. Анализ фактов метаязыковой рефлексии по поводу ксенонима, а также совокупности контекстов его употребления в гипертексте диаспорального дискурса обнаружил наличие в русском языке семантической и стилистической лакуны, которую восполняет ксеноним мафань как универсальное понятие, обозначающее неприятную, доставляющую дискомфорт деятельность или ситуацию. Заключение. В результате проведенного анализа составлен нуждающийся в дальнейшей доработке проспект методики комплексного анализа ксенонима-интерпретатива в сетевом диаспоральном дискурсе. Introduction. This research is devoted to the study of xenonyms-interpretatives in the network discourse of the Russian-speaking diaspora of China as a representative of the Russian linguistic culture, which is focused in the area of Chinese culture. Xenonyms-interpretatives have full-fledged lexical correspondences in the recipient language, are not marked by ethno-cultural marking in the matrix language and serve the perception, understanding and interpretation of foreign language and socio-cultural reality by the diaspora community. Aim and objectives. The purpose of the study, based on the consideration of one of the most common in the analyzed discourse xenonym мафань, is to trace the mechanisms of linguistic and discursive adaptation, as well as the peculiarities of functioning of xenonym-interpretative in public Internet communication of the Russian-speaking community in China. Material and methods. The material of the research is more than 500 texts of network communication of the Russian-speaking diaspora community of China, including xenonym-interpretative мафань. Together with the methodological tools of interlinguoculturology, borrowing theory and lexical semantics, the methods of contextual and discourse analysis, corpus and quantitative linguistics are used. Results and discussion. Xenonym-interpretative мафань when entering and adapting in the network diaspora discourse, including graphic adaptation, undergoes large semantic, derivative, stylistic, morphological-syntactic transformations, demonstrating at all these levels an extremely high degree of mobility and variability. The analysis of written fixation variants showed a substantial dominance of spelling according to the normative transcription system of Chinese names written in Cyrillic alphabet, along with a significant number of and hieroglyphic writings. When the xenonym is adapted to the specifics of the morphological and syntactic structure of the Russian language, its significant grammatical variability and facts of inclusion in the process of occasional word formation are also observed. The analysis of dictionaries data, as well as corpus and other data about the use of the word in the authentic speech environment revealed a large number of different in semantics and parts of speech affiliation equivalents of translation, but also the presence of book and etiquette stylistic coloring in the Chinese language, not preserved in the Russian-speaking informal communication. Analysis of the facts of metalanguage reflection on the xenonym, as well as the totality of contexts of its use in the hypertext of diaspora discourse revealed the presence of a semantic and stylistic lacuna in the Russian language, which is filled by the xenonym мафань as a universal concept that denotes unpleasant, discomforting activity or situation. Conclusion. As a result of the research, a project of the methodology of complex analysis of the xenonyminterpretative in the network diaspora discourse has been compiled.

REQUESTING SPEECH ACT OF UTTERANCES IN OCEAN’S ELEVEN BY STEVEN SODERBERGH: A PRAGMATIC ANALYSIS

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 410
Author(s):  
Nurul Hasanah ◽  
Japen Sarage
Keyword(s):  
Speech Acts ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Syntactic Structure ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Parts Of Speech ◽  
The Real ◽  
Syntactic Form ◽  
Pragmatic Analysis ◽  
Actual Use

The term sentence and utterance are made different in terms that the former refers to syntactic structure, while the latter points out the actual function of such a structure in real communication. The same things apply to the terms request and requesting. The first term suggests the structural characteristics of sentence asking people to do something while the second term indicates the real sentence causing people to do something. The first deals with formal grammar while the second deals with pragmatics the actual use of language in communication.This article attempts to see requesting in its possible different syntactic forms as parts of speech acts in Ocean’sEleven by Steven Soderbergh. A pragmatic approach is applied since it uses context as a part of linguistic analysis involving the speaker, addressee, time, location, and genre in the conversation. A syntactic form of a sentence only cannot represent the real meaning of intention.The analysis of speech act of the conversation in the film brings us to an understanding that pragmatics encourage us to comprehend different kinds of setting to achieve requesting as a part of language use. Pragmatics as a branch of linguistics reveals mutual understanding between the speaker and the hearer.

The basics of the Latin language with medical terminology

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oksana Kupcova
Keyword(s):  
General Education ◽  
Medical Professional ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Laboratory Diagnostics ◽  
First Year ◽  
Medical Terminology ◽  
First Year Students ◽  
Latin Language ◽  
State Educational ◽  
Independent Work

The textbook on the discipline "Fundamentals of the Latin language with medical terminology" contains lexical and grammatical exercises, control and measurement exercises, a Glossary and appendices aimed at developing grammatical, lexical and terminological knowledge and skills, and mastering the basic word-forming models of chemical, pharmaceutical and clinical terminology to the extent necessary for further educational activities. The materials of the manual are suitable both for classroom work under the guidance of a teacher, and for independent work of students during extracurricular time. Meets the requirements of the Federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation. For first-year students on the basis of secondary General education and second-year students on the basis of basic General education of secondary medical professional educational organizations studying in the specialties "Nursing", "Medical care", "Midwifery", "Laboratory diagnostics". It can also be used for organizing and conducting classes in clubs or elective courses for students of the 10th and 11th grades of medical and biological-chemical profile in schools, lyceums, gymnasiums.

Typologie des constructions syntagmatiques des termes médicaux vietnamiens

Terminology ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-220
Author(s):  
Tuan Duc Tran
Keyword(s):  
Medical Literature ◽  
Medical Writing ◽  
Semantic Relations ◽  
Common Language ◽  
Medical Terminology ◽  
The Common

Today, Vietnamese physicians are directing their attention towards works on semantic relations in medical writing in Vietnamese by trying to build terminological databases using phrasal terms. Phrasal term patterns from the common language are examples of motivated form term formation and comply with terminology policy guidelines in Vietnam. The object of this paper is to examine the typology of various constructions of phrasal terms in recent Vietnamese medical terminology, to describe how medical phrasal terms can be produced by their users in Vietnamese medical literature and to show the role of phrasal term patterns in the democratisation of knowledge.

scholarly journals DISTANCE LEARNING OF “UKRAINIAN LANGUAGE (BY PROFESSIONAL DIRECTION)” OF STUDENTS OF MEDICAL SPECIALTIES

2020 ◽  
pp. 161-166
Author(s):  
I. Ya. Zalipska
Keyword(s):  
Distance Learning ◽  
Teaching Experience ◽  
Medical Professional ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Professional Communication ◽  
Morphological Aspect ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Medical Terminology ◽  
Medical Specialties ◽  
National Medical

The article considers the features and benefits of using distance learning in the educational process. The content of the concept of “distance learning” and the views of scientists on its interpretation are presented. It reveals the teaching experience of the discipline “Ukrainian language (by professional direction)” by means of distance learning at the Ukrainian Language Department of I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University. The materials for checking the level of medical specialties students’ knowledge in the aforementioned discipline are offered for the following themes: “Language standard. Orthoepic norms, norms of emphasis”, “Lexical aspect of medical professional language. Phraseological units in professional language”, “Terminology in professional communication. Lexical-semantic relations in scientific terminology. Features of Ukrainian medical terminology”, “Dictionaries in professional communication. Types of dictionaries, their function and role in enhancing language culture”, “Morphological aspect of Medical Professional Language”, “Syntactic aspect of Medical Professional Language”, “Features of Ukrainian language etiquette. Communicative qualities of language culture. Doctor’s Language Etiquette”, “Public speech and its genres”. It emphasizes the usage of detailed instructions for practical tasks and for submitting samples to each task. The research demonstrates that the teacher must take into account the goal, the age of the students, the professional orientation of the tasks. It underscores that the given tasks have a practical orientation and cannot comprehensively assess the student’s knowledge level in the study of a specific topic, but they aim to diversify distance learning, make it interesting. Undoubtedly, the usage of computer-based distance learning provides a learning process, so it needs to be refined and developed. This type of training encourages the specialist to look for new forms and methods of teaching the discipline, and the student to work independently, to work with different sources of information. It should be noted that the development of distance learning in the Ukrainian education system is perspective.

Standardization of Dysphagia Diet Terminology across the Lifespan: An International Perspective

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 166-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie A.Y. Cichero
Keyword(s):  
Patient Safety ◽  
International Perspective ◽  
Clinical Impact ◽  
Professional Communication ◽  
Common Language ◽  
Thickened Liquids ◽  
Standardized Terminology ◽  
Research Scientists ◽  
International Initiative

Dysphagia as a field is within its third decade. As part of the progress of any field, specialist terminology is developed to improve efficiencies of communication and remove ambiguity. The most commonly reported benefits of standardized terminology include improvements in patient safety, and enhanced inter and intra-professional communication. Indeed standardized terminology reaches further than clinical impact, providing research scientists with a common language for reporting research that will cyclically go on to have a clinical impact. Although there are many benefits to standardized terminology, there are also challenges and barriers. There are a number of areas where the field of dysphagia could benefit from standardized terminology. The focus of this paper is on one of the corner stones of dysphagia intervention, that of the language used to describe thickened liquids and texture modified foods. This paper outlines the benefits and challenges of standardization and describes the rationale for an international initiative to develop global definitions and terminology for texture modified foods and thickened liquids suitable across the age span, care settings, and cultures. Early involvement of all stakeholders and robust discussion is critical to the success of developing standardized terminology.

scholarly journals LINGUISTIC AND INFORMATIVE FEATURES OF STUDYING THE THEME “PROFESSIONAL COMMUNICATION A PHYSICIAN AND A PATIENT WITH SYMPTOMS DISEASES OF DIGESTIVE SYSTEM’S ORGANS” OF DISCIPLINE “PROFESSIONAL MEDICAL COMMUNICATION OF A DOCTOR WITH A PATIENT IN UKRAINIAN

2021 ◽  
pp. 113-118
Author(s):  
I. Ya. Zalipska ◽  
A. S. Sverstiuk
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Foreign Students ◽  
Food Poisoning ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Professional Communication ◽  
Medical Terminology ◽  
Medical Communication ◽  
Communicative Skills ◽  
Medical Specialties ◽  
Stomach Pain

The article presents educational, informative and methodical materials necessary for studying the theme “Professional communication a physician and a patient with symptoms diseases of the digestive system’s organs” in classes on the discipline “Professional medical communication of a doctor with a patient in Ukrainian language”. The complex of tasks is aimed at the development of students’ communicative skills and abilities: to study the vocabulary to denote the organs of the digestive system, gastrointestinal diseases; be able to build monologue and dialogic expressions that describe the causes and symptoms of the digestive system’s diseases, using learned lexical units and phrases; to develop skills of collecting the anamnesis of gastroenterological diseases; memorize phrases and sentences for first aid in food poisoning, in emergencies during stomach pain; to create modern informative and expert systems for developing lesson’s materials. The proposed system of tasks will help to master the skills and abilities to communicate orally and in writing in accordance with the goals and social norms of speech behavior in typical spheres and situations. Taking into account different methods and forms of work, the tasks with which it was possible to ensure the active participation of each student in the class, to stimulate interest and desire to study medical terminology in accordance with the topic of the class are singled out. It was suggested a variety of test and creative tasks to check the knowledge of the student’s studied topic. The materials described in the article are intended for foreign students of medical specialties who speak the language at a sufficient level. Tasks selected on the basis of four main types of speech activity (listening, speaking, reading, writing) will help foreign students not only to expand their vocabulary, but also to achieve social interaction in a foreign language professional sphere.

scholarly journals Classification of Homonymic Terms in Medical Terminology of English, Russian and Tatar Languages

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Venera Khisamova ◽  
Liliia Abdullina ◽  
Leila Nurgalieva ◽  
Elmira Khabibullina
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Medical Terminology ◽  
Parts Of Speech ◽  
Comparative Aspect ◽  
Low Degree ◽  
International Comparative ◽  
Functional Shift ◽  
High Degree

This study is undertaken to identify the similarities and differences of classification of homonyms in medical terminology of English, Russian and Tatar languages. In this paper a comparative method was used to identify the common and special in the compared languages. The basis of comparison in the medical terminology of genetically unrelated languages was established. In this study, the method of feature comparison was used, i.e. the phenomenon of homonymy was studied in a comparative aspect. The results of this study contribute to ordering the terms, the selection of the correct, appropriate term when translating medical texts from one language into another. The languages under the consideration have intra-terminological, inter-terminological, inter-system homonymy. Besides, there are homonymic relations between eponyms in all languages. In the medical terminology of the English language, the following groups of homonyms are found: absolute, incomplete, partial (homophones, homographs) homonyms. Incomplete homonyms are divided into lexical and lexical and grammatical, and partial homonyms are divided into lexical, lexical and grammatical, grammatical (homonyms-converse terms). Homophones, in turn, are classified into homophones and near homophones. Homonyms are classified into homonyms of a high degree of homonymity, homonyms of a medium degree of homonymity, homonyms of a low degree of homonymity in Russian medical terminology. In medical terminology of the Tatar language absolute and incomplete homonyms are distinguished. Incomplete homonyms include homoforms that belong to different parts of speech and homographs. Homographs are rare phenomenon in the medical terminology of the Tatar language. Separately, as a special group, homonyms-converse terms are considered. There are three types of functional shift relations in the Tatar language: syntactic, lexical and semantic, the most common of which is syntactic relation. The phenomenon of homonymy affects the Greek-Latin terminological elements, which are international. Comparative analysis of three languages in the matter of homonyms in medical terminology has shown that English and Tatar languages have more similarities than English and Russian ones and Russian and Tatar ones. The English medical terminology is more replete with homonymous acronyms than Russian and Tatar ones.

scholarly journals Sweetness of Gitanjali

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-215
Author(s):  
Rahmatullah Hakimi
Keyword(s):  
Common Language ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
The Aesthetic

Literal language talks in a higher level than common language, everyone doesn’t have the ability to speak on literal language. There is a question that how to speak on uncommonly speaking, this uncommon speaking is the highest quality of art. These quality percepts the aesthetic of literature by the reader and Gitanjali is its best example. This master piece is an advice and enjoy. Here are devoted songs which show close relationship between lover and beloved, pain of separation with enjoyment, emotion and clear senses are interpreted with imaginative language, not only individuals but also the whole human being can see their pure love. This master piece of work has attractiveness and artistic. We will discuss both of them here.

scholarly journals Roma en la poesía de Ida Vitale: lengua, literatura y civilización

Nova Tellus ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-176
Author(s):  
Josefa Fernández Zambudio
Keyword(s):  
Classical Tradition ◽  
Roman World ◽  
Roman Literature ◽  
Latin Language ◽  
Accurate Expression

In this paper we focus on significant examples of the dialogue between the uruguayan poet Ida Vitale and the Roman World. We explore her reception of Rome through Latin Language and Roman Literature, Religion, Society, History and Archaeology. These elements are linked to the search of an accurate expression. The lack of studies on Ida Vitale, especially on Classical tradition, and the contextualization in her Poetics justify our contribution itself.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document