scholarly journals Presentación atípica de celulitis orbitaria en recién nacido

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny Planchet ◽  
Koana Rojas ◽  
Pedro Blanco

Orbital cellulitis represents a frequent cause of inflammation of the orbit, constituting a medical emergency that requires multidisciplinary management. We present a case of a newborn with clinic of volume increase in right bipalpebral region and fever of 24 hours of evolution. Physical examination reveals proptosis of right eye, increase of bipalpebral volume that prevents the opening of the eyeball in its entirety with signs of flushing and purulent eyelid margin secretion. Laboratories report leukocytosis and reactive thrombosis; orbital tomography scan shows right periorbital swelling and edema, diffuse increase of extra and intraconal post-septal fat density, suggestive findings of right orbital cellulitis, covered with vancomycin and cefotaxime; subsequently requires abscess drainage where Staphylococcus aureus methycilin- resistant is isolated. Being an unusual pathology in this age group, the publication of this case is recommended. Key word: Celullitis, orbital abcess, new born

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Pizzolato ◽  
Alberto Peano ◽  
Letizia Barutta ◽  
Emanuele Bernardi ◽  
Elena Maggio ◽  
...  

Nowadays myxedema coma is a rare medical emergency but, sometimes, it still remains a fatal condition even if appropriate therapy is soon administered. Although physical presentation is very non-specific and diversified, physicians should pay attention when patients present with low body temperature and alteration of neurological status; the presence of precipitating events in past medical history can help in making a diagnosis. Here we discuss one such case: an 83-year-old female presented with abdominal pain since few days. Laboratory tests and abdomen computed tomography scan demonstrated alithiasic cholecystitis; she was properly treated but, during the Emergency Department stay she experienced a cardiac arrest. Physicians immediately started advance cardiovascular life support algorithm and she survived. Later on, she was admitted to the Intensive Care Unit where doctors discovered she was affected by severe hypothyroidism. Straightway they started the right therapy but, unfortunately, the patient died in a few hours.


2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 920
Author(s):  
Trishell Simon ◽  
Chanique James

Gonococcal orbital cellulitis is an infrequent presentation within the pediatric age group, with very few cases reported in literature. Even rarer, is the nonvenereal transmission via fomites. Careful physical examination with detailed social evaluation must always be obtained in any child with a gonococcal infection to look for signs or evidence of sexual abuse. This paper reports a 3-year-old male who developed a left preseptal and postseptal gonococcal orbital cellulitis via a nonsexual mode of transmission.


Author(s):  
Kumar Saurabh ◽  
Shilpi Ranjan ◽  
Neelam Verma

Background: Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is perhaps the most common parasitic infection of human nervous system. The objective of this study was to study the spectrum of clinical, socio-demographic profile and treatment outcome of 60 paediatric neurocysticercosis cases over a mean duration of two years from September 2006-August 2008.Methods: Diagnosis was made mainly on the basis of clinical features, ring enhancing lesions on Computed Tomography scan of brain and exclusion of other causes. Patients were treated with Albendazole for 28 days, Prednisolone and anticonvulsant.Results: 10-14 years was the most affected age group with no sex predilection. Seizure was the most common initial presentation (86.66%) followed by headache and vomiting. Generalized tonic clonic seizure was the most common type of seizure. Four patients returned with relapse.Conclusions: Neurocysticercosis is a disease of lower socioeconomic group with poor sanitation and poor hand hygiene. Generalized tonic clonic seizure is the main presentation. Anticysticercal therapy has a good outcome.


2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Albani ◽  
Francesco Ferraù ◽  
Filippo Flavio Angileri ◽  
Felice Esposito ◽  
Francesca Granata ◽  
...  

Pituitary apoplexy is a rare clinical syndrome due to ischemic or haemorrhagic necrosis of the pituitary gland which complicates 2–12% of pituitary tumours, especially nonfunctioning adenomas. In many cases, it results in severe neurological, ophthalmological, and endocrinological consequences and may require prompt surgical decompression. Pituitary apoplexy represents a rare medical emergency that necessitates a multidisciplinary approach. Modalities of treatment and times of intervention are still largely debated. Therefore, the management of patients with pituitary apoplexy is often empirically individualized and clinical outcome is inevitably related to the multidisciplinary team’s skills and experience. This review aims to highlight the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in the management of pituitary apoplexy and to discuss modalities of presentation, treatment, and times of intervention.


Author(s):  
Mamata Soren ◽  
Ranjita Patnaik ◽  
Bismoy Kumar Sarangi

Background: Ruptured ectopic pregnancy is a medical emergency; therefore, it is imperative to diagnose the unruptured ectopic pregnancy such that timely intervention will prevent morbidity and mortality Today with availability of monoclonal β-HCG, high resolution transvaginal scan and laparoscopy it is possible to make early diagnosis even before rupture.Methods: Prospective study of two years duration with sample of 72 cases of suspected ectopic pregnancy observed and treated out of total 20193 pregnant women admitted were included in this study.Results: The incidence was 0.36%, maximum between the age group of 26-30 years (33.3%). Risk factors were tubectomy (30.56%), D and C (6.94%), PID (5.6%), previous ectopic (1.39%), IUCD (2.78%). The typical triad of amenorrhoea, pain abdomen and bleeding was observed in 54.2% of cases. 19 patients were brought in shock (26.4%). Ultrasonography done in 56 cases.Conclusions: There is an increase in the incidence of ectopic pregnancy but a decrease in maternal mortality during the past two decades. Although the early diagnostic tools were available, we had to manage most of our patients as surgical emergencies, as they were brought late in the trial, with established diagnosis of ruptured ectopic pregnancy. Physicians should be sensitive to the fact that in the reproductive age group any women presenting with pain in the lower abdomen, diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy should be entertained irrespective of the presence or absence of amenorrhoea, whether or not she has undergone sterilization. 


2006 ◽  
Vol 121 (6) ◽  
pp. 545-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Robinson ◽  
T Beech ◽  
A L McDermott ◽  
A Sinha

Background: Orbital cellulitis has important complications. Despite this, there are few studies in the literature of large groups of cases of this condition.Methods: We performed a retrospective case analysis of all patients admitted with periorbital and orbital cellulitis between 2002 and 2004.Results: A total of 27 cases were included in the study. Of these, 25 had undergone a computed tomography scan, 19 of which had revealed significant sinus disease; 10 had had a microbiology result, with the most common organism being Streptococcus milleri; 20 had had a white cell count taken, with raised results in only 10; 12 had undergone surgery; and 25 had made a good recovery. One case had been found to be squamous cell carcinoma of the nasal cavity.Conclusions: In this study, sinus disease was the commonest cause of orbital cellulitis, with the commonest organism being Streptococcus milleri. Only 50 per cent of cases with proven disease had had a raised white cell count; this is therefore not a very sensitive test.


Author(s):  
Chetan Bansal ◽  
Prerana Bharti ◽  
V. P. Singh

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Foreign body aspiration is more common in children than adults because they explore the world with their hands and mouth and also have incomplete control and immature judgment. Foreign bodies in ENT are a medical emergency as their removal demands great skill due to unpredictability in the procedure and the complications associated with it.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A prospective study was conducted on 40 cases of digestive tract foreign bodies in relation to age, sex, type, site, clinical presentation, extraction and complications.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results: </strong>Youngest child was 5 months old. Most predisposed age group was 0-5 years (60% of cases). Cricopharynx (24 cases) was the most common site of impaction for foreign body. In the present study toys (22.5%) were most common foreign bodies followed by coins (15%) ingestion.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Avoid carelessness. Avoid hasty drinking, eating, talking and running with anything in the mouth. Keep the things out of reach of the children. Be particular in sleep, anesthesia, coma or delirium. Avoid putting objects into mouth.</p>


Author(s):  
Dr. Sreya Todi

Acute poisoning is common everywhere in medical emergency.  Acute poisoning may be due to deliberate exposure to drugs, chemicals and natural toxins or accidental which is emergency for common medical health.  The main aim of this study was to investigate the pattern of drug utilization, poisoning agents, and outcome in patients with treated acute poisoning. Material and Methods:  This prospective cross sectional study was carried out in the emergency department of a tertiary care centre over a one year period. Result: During the period of 1 year total 310 Acute poisoning cases were recorded by us. Out of 310 acute poisoning cases 170(54.8%) were male where as females were 140(45.2%). The majority of cases were from age group of 20 -50 years in males whereas mean age of female patients was 37.3 years and majority of the cases were from 25-50 age group. The most common route of exposure to poisons (69.6%) was ingestion and followed by dermal exposure (in cases of venomous animal exposures) (25.8%) and inhalation (4.6%).The most common symptomatic treatments given to the patients were antimicrobials (88.7% of cases),  antiemetics (82.6%% of cases), H2 blockers (72.9% of cases) and Atropine (51% of cases), pralidoxime (41.6% of cases)  Proton pump inhibitors and  Vasopressor agents  etc respectively. The most commonly prescribed specific antidotes were Anti-snake venom (ASV) (12.9% of cases).Conclusion: In the present study, the main causes of poisoning were identified as household products in urban areas of India. Awareness about the dangers of such poisons should be the added responsibility of  health and hospital authorities. Poison control center establishment in the region will also help in preventing and controlling such poisoning events.


2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaretha Yumte ◽  
Laya Rares ◽  
J. S. M. M. Saerang

Abstract: Pterygium is a triangular-shaped tissue growth fibrovascular that grows from the conjunctiva to the cornea in the area interpalpebra. Pterygium of the conjunctiva grows wings shaped in accordance with bulbi.Prevalence pterygium Perdami Clinical Management Guidelines, the incidence is high at Indonesia pterigium equator area 13.1%.To know pterygium incident at the Ophthalmology Department Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado period January to December 2011.Retrospective descriptive study by examining the data (card patients) who had examination and treatment in Ophthalmology Department and the medical record Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado.The research results obtained from the patients of Pterygium is 213 patients were women had the highest number of 122 patients (57.28%). Pterygium largest number of people in the age group 50-59 years (30.04%). Largest Occupation  the retired of  71 patients (33.33%). Patient data obtained from recurrent patients as much as 1 patient (0.52%). The eyes are the most heavily exposed to the OS pterygium as many as 70 patients (42.20%) and the grade of the most much on the grade of patient pterygium II by 67 patients (46.20%).As much as 213 patients who had  examination and treatment with surgery pterygium, pterygium postoperative recurrence in patients with acquired and at least this proves that  pterygium postoperative complications are rare these days, although in fact this is complications that are often.Visus good 6/3-6/7,is the most visual acuity found in pterygium with grade of I, II and III, while the grade of IV to normal visual acuity is the most.In IV grade  is usually disturbing visual axis and more low visual acuity good vision, is to bad.This is proves that the higher the grade of pterygium the more high influence on our visual function is lowered. Key Word: Pterygium, recurrent data, visual acuity, grade of pterygium     Abstrak: Pterygium adalah pertumbuhan jaringan fibrovaskular berbentuk segitiga yang tumbuh dari arah konjungtiva menuju kornea pada daerah interpalpebra. Pterygium tumbuh berbentuk sayap pada konjungtiva bulbi.Prevalensi pterigium sesuai dengan Panduan Manajemen Klinis Perdami,insidens pterigium cukup tinggi di Indonesia didaerah equator 13,1%.Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui insiden pterigium di Poliklinik Mata RSUP.Prof.dr.R.D.Kandou  periode Januari sampai Desember 2011.Bersifat Deskriptif retrospektif dengan meneliti data rekam medic pasien di poliklinik mata RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado.Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan 213 penderita pterigium.Penderita Pterigium berjenis kelamin perempuan memiliki jumlah terbanyak yaitu 122 penderita (57,28%).Jumlah penderita pterigium terbanyak pada kelompok umur 50-59 tahun(30,04%).Jenis Pekerjaan terbanyak pada pensiunan yaitu71 penderita(33,33%).Dari data pasien didapatkan pasien rekuren sebanyak 1 penderita (0,52%).Bagian  mata yang paling banyak terkena pterigium pada OS yaitu sebanyak 70 penderita (42,20%) dan derajat yang paling banyak pada penderita pterigium yaitu  derajat II sebanyak 67 penderita (46,20%).Sebanyak 213 penderita yang melakukan pemeriksaan dan menjalani pengobatan maupun operasi  pterigium,pterigium postoperasi pada pasien rekuren paling sedikit didapatkan dan hal ini membuktikan bahwa komplikasi pterigium postoperasi akhir ini sudah jarang terjadi walaupun sebenarnya hal ini merupakan  komplikasi yang masih sering terjadi.Visus baik/normal 6/3-6/7,5 merupakan visus yang paling banyak  ditemukan pada pterigium dengan derajat I,II dan III sedangkan pada derajat IV untuk visus normal ini adalah  yang paling sedikit.Pada derajat IV ini biasanya sudah mengganggu aksis visual dan lebih banyak visus low  vision baik,sedang sampai buruk.Hal ini membuktikan bahwa semakin tinggi derajat pterigium maka semakin  tinggi pengaruhnya pada fungsi visual kita menjadi menurun. Kata Kunci: Pterigium,data rekuren,visus,derajat pterigium


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samarth Goyal ◽  
Shubhika Jain ◽  
Guruprasad Rai ◽  
Rajkamal Vishnu ◽  
Ganesh Sevagur Kamath ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Incidence of foreign body aspiration ( FBA ) has been noticed maximally in age group ranging from 12 months-3 years. Foreign body in the trachea is a medical emergency as presentation is of respiratory distress. Obstruction of only one main or distal bronchus, leads to severe cough, choking sensation and breathlessness. Without early intervention it can lead to collapse, consolidation and pneumonia of the affected lung. Methods We retrospectively analysed 37 pediatric case records who presented from January 2014-December 2018 with FBA. Our primary aim was to assess the parameters responsible for early and late diagnosis of FBA. We concluded with a diagnostic algorithm for management of FBA on the basis of this outcomes. Results Around 32.5% came with a history of aspiration, 43% were referred from primary centers with a suspicion for the same and the rest came our tertiary care hospital directly. Those who presented within a week came with complaints of wet cough, wheeze and tachypnea where as those who came in after a week had dry cough and fever as their main complaint. Majority of ingested foreign body was vegetative type (80%) as compared to the non -vegetative material (20%). Conclusion Unlike adults, FBA in children is most commonly diagnosed on history, suspicion and clinical findings. Chest x ray has been the primary investigation of choice but in majority of the cases it was normal with subtle changes. Early diagnosis is the key to avoid complication.


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