scholarly journals METHOD FOR ASSESSING THE NATURAL PREDISPOSITION OF INDIVIDUALS TO CERTAIN SPECIALIZATIONS IN SPORTS AND PROFESSIONS

2021 ◽  
pp. 140-161
Author(s):  
А. К. Дроздовский
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Scientific Validity ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Modern Level ◽  
System Properties ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Instrumental Methods

Отмечается, что одним из аспектов проблемы профессионального отбора является множество профессий и видов спорта, где также имеется и большое число специализаций. Представлен анализ современной научной литературы, на основании которого автором констатируется, что измерение свойств нервной системы человека, с последующей возможностью прогнозировать его природные психологические способности и особенности, как основы для развития профессионально важных качеств, еще не стали необходимой частью испытаний, направленных на выявление кандидатов для той или иной специализации в видах спорта и профессиях. Высказана точка зрения, что при изучении природных задатков, способностей и особенностей человека появляется возможность объединить понимание специалистами особенностей спортивной и профессиональной деятельности при решении проблем отбора, причем по критериям, определяемых именно инструментальными методами. В статье рассматривается инновационный способ оценки природной предрасположенности индивидов к определенным специализациям в спорте и профессиях на основе измерения свойств нервной системы двигательными методиками Е.П. Ильина. Отмечено, что именно эти методики использовались отечественными исследователями для выявления состава комплексов, типичных для спортсменов высокой квалификации или профессионалов, успешных в своей сфере деятельности. Подчеркивается, что возможности способа базируются на достижениях отечественной дифференциальной психофизиологии и психологии. Отмечается, что современный уровень развития цифровых технологий и реализация предложенного способа мобильными устройствами, позволяют проводить оценку природной предрасположенности к определенным специализациям в спорте и профессиях неограниченного числа индивидов, в широком возрастном диапазоне, в полевых условиях, приближенных к рабочим местам. The article notes that one of the aspects of the problem of professional selection is the multitude of professions and sports, where there are also a large number of specializations. Basis on the presented modern scientific literature analysis the author states, that the measurement of the human nervous system properties, with ensuing ability to predict its natural psychological abilities and features as the basis for the development of professionally important qualities, has not yet become a necessary part of the tests aimed at identifying candidates for a particular specialization in sports and professions. The point of view is expressed that when studying the natural inclinations, abilities and characteristics of a person, it becomes possible to combine the specialists ' understanding of the features of sports and professional activities in solving selection problems, and according to criteria determined by instrumental methods. An innovative method to assess the natural predisposition to certain specializations in sports and professions based on the measurement of the nervous system properties by motor methods of Ye.P. Il'in is proposed. It is note that domestic researchers applied exactly these methods to identify the complexes composition, typical for highly qualified athletes or professionals who are successful in their performance. The article emphasizes that capabilities of the method are based on the achievements of Russian differential psychophysiology and psychology, that ensures scientific validity and objectivity of nervous system properties measurement results. It is significant that the modern level of digital technologies development and the implementation of the method by mobile devices allow to assess the natural predisposition to certain specializations in sports and professions of unlimited number of individuals, in a wide age range, in the field conditions, close to the workplace.

New Advanced Strategies for the Treatment of Lysosomal Diseases Affecting the Central Nervous System

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (17) ◽  
pp. 1933-1950 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria R. Gigliobianco ◽  
Piera Di Martino ◽  
Siyuan Deng ◽  
Cristina Casadidio ◽  
Roberta Censi
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Polymeric Nanoparticles ◽  
Genetic Diseases ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Lysosomal Storage ◽  
Enzyme Replacement ◽  
Lysosomal Diseases ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Enzyme Delivery

Lysosomal Storage Disorders (LSDs), also known as lysosomal diseases (LDs) are a group of serious genetic diseases characterized by not only the accumulation of non-catabolized compounds in the lysosomes due to the deficiency of specific enzymes which usually eliminate these compounds, but also by trafficking, calcium changes and acidification. LDs mainly affect the central nervous system (CNS), which is difficult to reach for drugs and biological molecules due to the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). While some therapies have proven highly effective in treating peripheral disorders in LD patients, they fail to overcome the BBB. Researchers have developed many strategies to circumvent this problem, for example, by creating carriers for enzyme delivery, which improve the enzyme’s half-life and the overexpression of receptors and transporters in the luminal or abluminal membranes of the BBB. This review aims to successfully examine the strategies developed during the last decade for the treatment of LDs, which mainly affect the CNS. Among the LD treatments, enzyme-replacement therapy (ERT) and gene therapy have proven effective, while nanoparticle, fusion protein, and small molecule-based therapies seem to offer considerable promise to treat the CNS pathology. This work also analyzed the challenges of the study to design new drug delivery systems for the effective treatment of LDs. Polymeric nanoparticles and liposomes are explored from their technological point of view and for the most relevant preclinical studies showing that they are excellent choices to protect active molecules and transport them through the BBB to target specific brain substrates for the treatment of LDs.

The enteric nervous system of echinoderms: unexpected complexity revealed by neurochemical analysis

2001 ◽  
Vol 204 (5) ◽  
pp. 865-873
Author(s):  
J.E. Garcia-Arraras ◽  
M. Rojas-Soto ◽  
L.B. Jimenez ◽  
L. Diaz-Miranda
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Enteric Nervous System ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Radial Nerve ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Nerve Ring ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Distinct Component ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Neurochemical Analysis

Echinoderms are one of the most important groups of metazoans from the point of view of evolution, ecology and abundance. Nevertheless, their nervous system has been little studied. Particularly unexplored have been the components of the nervous system that lie outside the ectoneural and hyponeural divisions of the main nerve ring and radial nerve cords. We have gathered information on the nervous components of the digestive tract of echinoderms and demonstrate an unexpected level of complexity in terms of neurons, nerve plexi, their location and neurochemistry. The nervous elements within the digestive system consist of a distinct component of the echinoderm nervous system, termed the enteric nervous system. However, the association between the enteric nervous system and the ectoneural and hyponeural components of the nervous system is not well established. Our findings also emphasize the importance of the large lacunae in the neurobiology of echinoderms, a feature that should be addressed in future studies.

THE FAMILY HISTORY OF SPINA BIFIDA CYSTICA

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1965 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 589-595
Author(s):  
John Lorber
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Spina Bifida ◽  
Index Case ◽  
Progressive Increase ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Spina Bifida Cystica

1. The family histories of 722 infants who were born with spina bifida cystica were studied. 2. The index cases were referred for surgical treatment and were not selected in any way from the genetic point of view. 3. Intensive inquiries were made to obtain a complete family pedigree, including a prospective follow-up of siblings born after the index case. 4. Of 1,256 siblings 85 or 6.8% had gross malformation of the central nervous system: spina bifida cystica in 54, anencephaly in 22, and uncomplicated hydrocephalus in 9. 5. Of 306 children born after the index case 25 (8%) or 1 in 12 were affected. 6. There was a progressive increase in multiple cases in the family with increasing family size. In sibships of five or more, multiple cases occurred in 24.1%. 7. In 118 families cases of gross malformation of the central nervous system were known to have occurred among members of the family other than siblings. Cases occurred in three generations. 8. It is possible that spina bifida cystica might be a recessively inherited condition.

Ten Million and One—Neurological Disability as a National Problem

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1958 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 871-872
Author(s):  
ERIC DENHOFF
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
New York ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Neurological Disability ◽  
The Brain

This monograph summarizes the results of the Conference on Neurological Disability as a National Problem held at Arden House, Harriman, New York, in December, 1955. It was attended by more than 50 highly qualified specialists with various interests in the field who met to explore the realistic possibilities of meeting the problems posed by more than 10 million patients suffering from more than 300 clinical entities loosely grouped together as "neurologic disabilities." Neurologic disabilities are defined as those disorders which are associated demonstrably with dysfunction, disease, or injury of the nervous system, the brain, the spinal cord, and the peripheral neuromuscular connections.

Legal Challenges for Romanian Family Medicine Practitioners in Times of ‘COVID-19’

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-75
Author(s):  
Silviu Dumitru PAUN ◽  
◽  
Sinziana-Elena BIRSANU ◽  
Codrut Andrei NANU ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Medicine ◽  
General Practitioners ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Insurance Policy ◽  
Roles And Responsibilities ◽  
Applicable Law ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Legal Challenges ◽  
The Law ◽  
Special Circumstances

The general practitioners (GPs’) practice faced serious challenges as a result of COVID-19 pandemic, including from a legal point of view. In this context, a series of questions related to the GPs’ professional activities might arise such as: (i) what happens if a doctor makes a mistake because he/she is exhausted, as a result of overtime or (ii) if he/she performs medical acts outside the boundaries of his/her own specialty or without consent, as requested by his/her own conscience, by the situation, by the authorities and by his/her principal? In all these special circumstances this could mean that the doctor fails to comply with the applicable law. Moreover, because he/she breaches the law, the professional insurance policy will cease to be applicable. With new roles and responsibilities, the GPs should adjust their practice to the current conditions.

The phenomenon of migration of nociogenic structures in the human sensor-algic system (results of clinical and neurophysiological studies and morphological experiments)

2020 ◽  
pp. 16-24
Author(s):  
Maksim Vladimirovich Shpagin ◽  
Mikhail Valerievich Kolesnikov ◽  
Olga Yurievna Khutorskaya ◽  
Dmitriy Evgenievich Timoshkin ◽  
Artem Andreevich Belikin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Chronic Pain Syndrome ◽  
Integrative Therapy ◽  
Neurophysiological Studies ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
Structural Point ◽  
Chronicity Of Pain

From the informational and structural point of view, the chronicity of pain is associated with the migration of nociogenic zones. The phenomenon of migration is based on the mechanisms of neuroplasticity, compensatory-restorative processes in the nervous system. On the basis of the phenomenon of migration of the nociogenic zone, a system of regional integrative therapy of chronic pain syndrome has been developed. Recommendations on the advisability of invasive shutdown of the nociogenic zone using invasive pharmacotherapy or surgical denervation have been proposed. In the course of studying the characteristics of chronic pain, depending on the duration of the disease, a direct proportional correlation was revealed between the increase in the components of pain and the duration of the pain syndrome, which can be explained by the increase in the number of nociogenic structures that form the complexity and stability of the pain syndrome. Thus, the necessity of neurodestructive interventions increases for attaining positive results. An important area of therapy is the inclusion of psychotherapy, pharmacotherapy and neuromodulation into the system of regional-integrative influence.

scholarly journals Axiological characteristics of digitalized education

2019 ◽  
pp. 9-21
Author(s):  
O. Gordienko ◽  
A. Sokolova ◽  
A. Simonova
Keyword(s):  
General Education ◽  
Education System ◽  
Highly Qualified Teachers ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Managerial Skills ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Hard Skills ◽  
National Values ◽  
Future Technologies

Due to the global trend of digitalization, which influences all spheres of human activity, it is necessary to train highly qualified teachers who not only know how to use modern technologies, but also are capable of creating future technologies in everyday professional activities. Thus, it is necessary to develop professional skills (Hard skills) and personal qualities (Soft skills), which include cognitive, communicative, creative skills, as well as cooperation, emotional intelligence, decision-making skills, managerial skills, etc. The leading role in this process belongs to education, which should both adapt future educators to the needs of the system and modify modern digital technologies that follow integration of cognitive practices. This process should be based on humanistic ideals, universal and national values implemented into every new component in the general education system. This article draws attention to the necessity of a purposeful formation of value beliefs and a national code in the process of digital transformation of the education system, of identifying and presenting the risks of this process, as well as means to solve possible problems.

scholarly journals PEDAGOGICAL CONCEPT OF THE CIVIL SECURITY SPECIALISTS’ ADVANCED TRAINING

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktor Mykhailov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Professional Competence ◽  
Training System ◽  
Advanced Training ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Job Functions ◽  
Main Components

In legal documents of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, there is emphasized the need to find ways to improve the level of professional knowledge, skills, abilities and new forms of training in educational establishments, which, in its turn, necessitates the transformation of training strategy. The need to respond to dangerous natural, human-made, anthropogenic, epidemiological and social factors requires highly qualified professionals ready to work in extreme conditions. Therefore, the importance of filling existing gaps in the theory and practice of vocational education determines the need for conceptual justification, development and testing of an improved pedagogical system of civil security professionals’ advanced training. The paper considers the theoretical foundations of the organization of advanced training of specialists in civil security, summarizes the main problems of professional development within the institutions and educational establishments. The content and features of their professional training in order to ensure the safety of people in emergencies is analyzed as well. It is found out that the readiness of civil security specialists to carry out their professional activities is an individual feature that includes professional motives, a set of special knowledge, skills and abilities of civil security professionals, which in integration ensure their ability to perform professional tasks and provide their further professional development. The author outlines the conceptual provisions for improving the advanced training of civil security professionals in institutions and educational establishments for the formation of positive motives for educational activities, the appropriate level of professional competence and approaching the ultimate goals of education. The content of the concept of specialists in civil security advanced training is determined (relevant methodological approaches, didactic principles, goals, objectives, pedagogical conditions are outlined as well). The purpose of forming the concept of advanced training of civil security specialists in postgraduate education should be directed towards the individual needs for personal and professional growth, as well as to meet the needs of the state in highly qualified and professional specialists capable of responsible performing of the job functions related to solving problems in order to ensure the safety of life and activities of people. The proposed conceptual framework helps identify the main components of the advanced training system for civil security professionals, resolving a number of contradictions, the main of which is the contradiction between the public demand for highly qualified professionals prepared for the challenges of modern society and the current training system which at present does not fully meet these requirements.

scholarly journals La educación para la salud en la escuela como intervención social / Health Education at School as Social Intervention

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Monsalve Lorente
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Social Values ◽  
Secondary Level ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Social Intervention ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Ability To Work ◽  
The Social ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
The Individual

ABSTRACTSchools with families are socializing areas where it takes place the development of people in their early stages, exerting an important role in the configuration of behavior and social values of children and adolescents. When we consider the health as understood by the WHO, that is, as a state of complete physical, mental and social wellness and not only as the absence of disease we see that the attainment of good educational results by a school save a very close relationship with the attainment of optimal levels of health within the educational community. According to this fact schools that incorporate the health promotion as part of its educational are building the bases that will enable them better achieve the educational objectives, including academics. On the other hand in this time of life people are more receptive to learning being the time of the vital development which are acquired the major lifestyle that will be consolidated over the years (physical activity, diet, etc.). Also this is an area of social intervention that have health agents which have highly qualified from the pedagogical point of view: teachers, whether in the kindergarten level, and Primary and Secondary level. In this context the main objective of the Health Education, is to develop activities and encourage the students to achieve the highest attainable standard of health, through the acquisition of knowledge and skills that promote choice and adoption of healthy lifestyles; Seeking participation, interaction and social integration, and the ability to work critically and creatively, and the search for solutions. Schools, with the home are two of the key places where it takes place the individual and social development of people in its earliest stages, exerting an important role the configuration of the conduct and the social values of childhood, adolescence and youth.RESUMENLos centros educativos junto con el hogar, son los ámbitos socializadores clave donde tiene lugar el desarrollo de las personas en sus estadios más tempranos, ejerciendo un importante papel en la configuración de la conducta y los valores sociales de la infancia y la adolescencia. Cuando se considera la salud como la entiende la OMS, es decir, como un estado de completo bienestar físico, mental y social y no solamente como la ausencia de enfermedad, vemos que el logro de buenos resultados educativos por parte de un centro educativo guarda una relación muy estrecha con la consecución de unos niveles óptimos de salud en el seno de su comunidad educativa. De acuerdo con esta realidad, las escuelas que incorporan la promoción de la salud como parte integrante de su planteamiento educativo, están construyendo las bases que les permitirán alcanzar mejor los objetivos educativos, incluidos los académicos. Por otro lado, en esta época de la vida, las personas se hallan más receptivas para el aprendizaje, siendo la época del desarrollo vital en la que se adquieren los principales hábitos de vida que se consolidarán con los años (actividad física, alimentación, etc.). Además se trata de un ámbito de intervención social que cuenta con agentes de salud que disponen de alta calificación desde el punto de vista pedagógico: el profesorado, ya sea en el nivel de educación Infantil, como en Primaria y Secundaria. En este marco, el principal objetivo de la Educación para la salud, es desarrollar actividades e incentivar al alumnado para conseguir el mayor grado posible de salud, mediante la adquisición de conocimientos y habilidades que favorezcan la elección y adopción de estilos de vida saludables; buscando la participación, la interacción y la integración social, y trabajando la capacidad crítica y creativa, así como la búsqueda de soluciones. Los Centros escolares, junto con el hogar, son dos de los lugares clave donde tiene lugar el desarrollo individual y social de las personas en sus estadios más tempranos, ejerciendo un importante papel en la configuración de la conducta y los valores sociales de la infancia, la adolescencia y la juventud.

scholarly journals Implementation of discussion technologies in a personality-centered professional education

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (26) ◽  
pp. 82-87
Author(s):  
Georgi T. Klinkov ◽  
Mikhail A. Rodionov ◽  
Olga E. Kozlova ◽  
Ekaterina V. Vezetiu ◽  
Ekaterina V. Vovk
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Professional Education ◽  
Higher Education Institutions ◽  
Educational Technologies ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Professional Activities

The conditions of modern labor market dictate the need for highly qualified specialists who creatively approach the performance of their professional activities, independently making competent productive decisions. In search of a solution to this problem, higher education institutions resort to the use of modern educational technologies. The article presents the forms of implementation of discussion technologies, their peculiarity, considers their importance and specificity of use in the conditions of personality-centered training and defines the goals of discussion technologies implementation in the course study. The study revealed an increase in the level of students’ training. The use of discussion technologies allowed them to study the topics of the course more deeply.

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