Growth of Microcystis strains isolated from environments with the presence and absence of submerged macrophytes in coexistence with Ceratophyllum demersum

Cyanobacterial blooms can cause severe ecological and health problems in drinking water reservoirs. To alleviate this problem, allelopathically active submerged macrophytes can be used to reduce cyanobacterial growth. Accordingly, this study aimed to evaluate the sensitivity of strains of the Microcystis aeruginosa complex isolated from reservoirs with the presence and absence of submerged macrophytes to the allelochemicals of Ceratophyllum demersum. A coexistence experiment was carried out between the submerged macrophyte C. demersum and four Microcystis strains, with two treatments for each strain, one in coexistence with the submerged macrophyte (7 g L-1) and control (in the absence of the macrophyte). Two strains of M. aeruginosa (BMIUFRPE-06 and BMIUFRPE-07) and two of M. panniformis (BMIUFRPE-08 and BMIUFRPE-09) were used, which were isolated from Cajueiro (with submerged macrophytes) and Tapacurá (without submerged macrophytes) reservoirs, respectively. The biomass of Microcystis strains from the reservoir without macrophytes (BMIUFRPE-08 and BMIUFRPE-09) was significantly inhibited in 96% (T-test: p < 0.01) and 74% (T-test: p< 0.05), when compared to the control, respectively, with lower values of growth rates (ANOVA: p < 0.05). The strains isolated from the reservoir with macrophytes (BMIUFRPE-06 and BMIUFRPE-07) showed a growth delay (biomass reductions of 44 and 58%, respectively) in the coexistence treatment but without significant difference from the control on the sixth day of the experiment (biomass - T-test: p > 0.05; growth rate - ANOVA: p > 0.05). These results suggest that strains isolated from environments with submerged macrophytes are less sensitive to allelochemicals of these plants, as these strains may be adapted to the coexistence with submerged macrophytes.

Download Full-text

THE EFFECT OF THE ATTITUDE TOWARD BREASTFEEDING CONCEPT BASED COMIC ON THE ADOLESCENCE'S ATTITUDE TOWARD EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING

INDONESIAN NURSING JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND CLINIC (INJEC) ◽

10.24990/injec.v1i2.118 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 138

Author(s):

Mekar Dwi Anggraeni ◽

Lutfatul Latifah ◽

Aprilia Kartikasari ◽

Ima Rismawati

Keyword(s):

Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽

Nuclear Family ◽

T Test ◽

Breastfeeding Duration ◽

Control Group ◽

Marriage Age ◽

First Marriage ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Post Test ◽

And Control

Background and purpose: The earlier development of the attitude toward exclusive breastfeeding produces the longer exclusive breastfeeding duration. Considering the first marriage age among Indonesian, the attitude toward exclusive breastfeeding should be developed at the adolescence age. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of the attitude toward breastfeeding concept based comic on the adolescent's attitude toward exclusive breastfeeding. Method: This was a quasy experimental posttest only with control group study. The respondents were provided an comic. The respondent's attitude toward exclusive breastfeeding was measured using The Breastfeeding Attitude Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using independent and dependent t test. Results: The majority of respondents were aged 17 years old in both intervention (70%) and control grup (63%), first child in both intervention (23,3%) and control grup (26,7%), and had a nuclear family in both intervention (80%) and control grup (90%). The independent t test showed that there was a significant difference between post-test scores among the intervention and control groups (t = 5,602, p < 0,01). Conclusion and recommendation: Nurses may use the Attitude Toward Breastfeeding based comic to increase the Adolescence's attitude toward breastfeeding.Keywords: Comic, Attitudes Toward Exclusive Breastfeeding, Adolescence

Download Full-text

Stick Figure and Think, Talk And Write: Integrating Media With Teaching Strategy For A Better Writing Competence

IJER (Indonesian Journal of Educational Research) ◽

10.30631/ijer.v2i1.29 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 46

Author(s):

Eva Sudarwati ◽

Shynta Amalia

Keyword(s):

Teaching Strategy ◽

T Test ◽

Narrative Writing ◽

Control Groups ◽

Stick Figure ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

Mean Differences ◽

And Control ◽

Writing Competence

Abstract This study attempts to see the effect of Think, Talk, and Write strategy on the students’ narrative writing competence. Considering the importance of the use of teaching media, this study tries to integrate Stick Figure as a teaching media in Think, Talk, and Write Strategy. A quasi experimental study was conducted to see the improvement of the students’ narrative writing competence. It involved 42 students who were selected on the basis of convenience sampling and assigned into two groups; experimental and control groups. The statistical analyses of paired sample t-test in experimental group showed that there was significant improvement on the students’ writing competence before (M=5.77, SD= 2.342) and after (M= 11.79, SD= 2.342), t(21)=12.059, p<0.05.Moreover, the result of independent t-test between experimental and control groups showed a significant difference. It can be seen that the mean differences was 3.79545 and the significance value is lower than 0.05, 0.000<0.05.

Download Full-text

The effect of positive thinking training on the quality of life of parents of adolescent with thalassemia

International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health ◽

10.1515/ijamh-2019-0159 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Adeleh Sadeghloo ◽

Parna Shamsaee ◽

Elham Hesari ◽

Golbanhar Akhondzadeh ◽

Hamid Hojjati

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Emotional Health ◽

Intervention Group ◽

T Test ◽

World Health ◽

Positive Thinking ◽

Significant Difference ◽

And Control ◽

Paired T Test

Abstract Introduction Thalassemia, as the most common chronic hereditary blood disorder in humans, can impose many adverse effects on parents and their affected children. On the other hand, positive thinking is the method or the result of a positive focus on a constructive issue, so by teaching positive thinking, we can improve physical and social function, and promote emotional health and overall quality of life. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of positive thinking training on the quality of life of parents of adolescents with thalassemia. Methods This quasi-experimental study was performed on 52 parents of adolescents with thalassemia who attended Taleghani Hospital in Golestan province, Iran in 2017. Samples were randomly assigned into two groups of intervention and control. The positive thinking training (based on the theory of Martin Seligman) was carried out in the intervention group in 10 (45–60 min) sessions over a 5-week period. Data collection tools in this study were the World Health Organization (WHO) quality of life questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF) and a demographic information questionnaire. Data were analyzed by SPSS-16 software using independent t-test, the paired t-test and a covariance test. Results The results of paired t-test showed a significant difference in the score of quality of life in intervention group before and after the intervention (p < 0.001). However, this test did not show any significant difference in the control group (p = 0.11). The covariance test, after removing the pre-test score, showed a significant difference between the intervention and control groups in terms of the score of quality of life, so that 13% of the changes after the intervention were due to the intervention (p = 0.009, η = 0.13). Conclusion The positive thinking training increased the quality of life of parents of adolescents with thalassemia. Therefore, using this program can be an effective way of improving the quality of life of parents. Thus, positive thinking training is suggested to be used as an effective strategy for increasing the quality of life of parents with ill children.

Download Full-text

Distribution pattern of epiphytic microcrustaceans in relation to different macrophyte microhabitats in a shallow wetland (Upo wetlands, South Korea)

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies ◽

10.1515/ohs-2015-0015 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 44 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jong-Yun Choi ◽

Seong-Ki Kim ◽

Kwang-Seuk Jeong ◽

Gea-Jae Joo

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Particulate Organic Matter ◽

Submerged Macrophytes ◽

Submerged Macrophyte ◽

Ceratophyllum Demersum ◽

Suitable Habitat ◽

Seasonal Growth ◽

Spirodela Polyrhiza ◽

Macrophyte Species ◽

Salvinia Natans

AbstractMacrophytes determine the physical complexity of aquatic environments and provide a suitable habitat for colonization by microcrustaceans. We evaluated the effects of a seasonal growth pattern and structure of macrophyte species on epiphytic microcrustaceans collected from macrophyte surfaces (stems and leaves) in shallow wetlands from May 2011 to October 2012. In 2011, epiphytic microcrustaceans that preferred free-floating macrophytes (Spirodela polyrhiza and Salvinia natans) and submerged macrophytes (Potamogeton crispus and Ceratophyllum demersum) were affected by the seasonal growth of these species. Epiphytic microcrustaceans were abundant on the surface of Spirodela polyrhiza in June and August and on Salvinia natans in September and October. In 2012, epiphytic microcrustaceans preferred submerged macrophyte species over the free-floating ones. The results of stable isotope analysis showed that epiphytic microcrustaceans depend on epiphytic particulate organic matter (EPOM) from each macrophyte species rather than on suspended particulate organic matter. Small species (Coronatella rectangula, Pleuroxus laevis, and Chydorus sphaericus) used EPOM (dominated by epiphytic algae) on free-floating and submerged macrophyte species; however, relatively larger species (Ilyocryptus spinifer and Macrothrix rosea) used EPOM only from submerged macrophytes. Based on these findings, we conclude that the distribution of epiphytic microcrustaceans is determined by seasonal characteristics, morphology of macrophyte species, and abundance of food resources.

Download Full-text

PENGARUH TERAPI FAMILY PSYCHOEDUCATION (FPE) TERHADAP KECEMASAN DAN BEBAN KELUARGA DALAM MERAWAT ANGGOTA KELUARGA DENGAN SKIZOFRENIA DI KECAMATAN BOLA KABUPATEN SIKKA, NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR

Jurnal Kesehatan Mesencephalon ◽

10.36053/mesencephalon.v3i2.48 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Adelheid Riswanti Herminsih ◽

Wisnu Barlianto ◽

Rinik Eko Kapti

Keyword(s):

Disease Process ◽

T Test ◽

Load Test ◽

Family Burden ◽

Control Group ◽

Family Psychoeducation ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Post Test ◽

And Control ◽

Quasi Experiment

Abstract : Schizophrenia is a disease process that affects perceptions, emotions, social behavior and the ability to accept reality correctly. Families with schizophrenics often feel anxiety and burdens associated with client care. The problem can be solved by giving FPE therapy. This study aims to explain the effect of Family Psychoeducation (FPE) therapy on anxiety and family burden in caring for family members with schizophrenia. This research uses quasi experiment research pre-post test with control group. The number of respondents in this study were 18 respondents for the control group and 18 respondents for the treatment group. The study was conducted in District Bola from 24 May to 28 June 2017. Giving therapy done by the researchers themselves who have obtained a license from nurse specializing in mental health nursing. Data analysis used in this research is dependent t test and independent t test. The result of dependent t test of anxiety and load test was obtained significance value <0,05, this result showed significant decrease of anxiety and load after FPE therapy. While the results of independent t test showed that the significance of anxiety and family burden <0.05 which means that there is a significant difference in reducing anxiety and family burden between the treatment and control group after being given FPE therapy, that is, with an average decrease in anxiety and burden For the treatment and control groups of 10.11 and 3.5, respectively. This means that FPE is more effective in reducing family anxiety. Thus it is expected that FPE can be applied as an alternative therapy in reducing the anxiety of families who care for people with schizophrenia.Keywords : family psychoeducation, anxiety, family burden Abstrak : Skizofrenia merupakan proses penyakit yang mempengaruhi persepsi, emosi, perilaku sosial dan kemampuan menerima realita dengan benar. Keluarga dengan penderita skizofrenia seringkali merasakan kecemasan dan beban yang berkaitan dengan perawatan klien. Masalah tersebut dapat diatasi dengan pemberian terapi FPE. Penlitian ini bertujuan menjelaskan pengaruh terapi Family Psychoeducation (FPE) terhadap kecemasan dan beban keluarga dalam merawat anggota keluarga dengan skizofrenia. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian quasi experiment pre-post test with control group. Jumlah responden dalam penelitian ini 18 responden untuk kelompok kontrol dan 18 responden untuk kelompok perlakuan. Penelitian dilakukan di Kecamatan Bola mulai tanggal 24 Mei-28 Juni 2017. Pemberian terapi dilakukan oleh peneliti sendiri yang telah mendapatkan lisensi dari perawat spesialis jiwa. Analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dependent t test dan independen t test. Hasil analisis dependent t test kecemasan dan beban didapatkan nilai signifikansi< 0,05, hasil ini menunjukkan penurunan kecemasan dan beban secara bermakna setelah diberikan terapi FPE. Sedangkan hasil analisis independent t test menunjukkan bahwa nilai signifikansi kecemasan dan beban keluarga < 0,05 yang berarti bahwa ada perbedaan yang bermakna dalam menurunkan kecemasan dan beban kelurga antara kelompok perlakuan dan kontrol setelah diberikan terapi FPE, yaitu dengan rata-rata penurunan kecemasan dan beban untuk kelompok perlakuan dan kontrol masing-masing yakni 10,11 dan 3,5. Hal ini berarti bahwa FPE lebih efektif dalam menurunkan kecemasan keluarga. Dengan demikian diharapkan bahwa FPE bisa diaplikasikan sebagai alternative terapi dalam menurunkan kecemasan keluarga yang merawat penderita skizofrenia.Kata Kunci : family psychoeducation, kecemasan, beban keluarga

Download Full-text

Text-based Character in Teaching Reading: Do Students Can Achieve Significant Result in Reading Test?

Utamax : Journal of Ultimate Research and Trends in Education ◽

10.31849/utamax.v3i1.5629 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 21-28

Author(s):

Hasan Hasan ◽

Andi Sadapotto ◽

Muhammad Hanafi ◽

Usman Usman

Keyword(s):

Alternative Hypothesis ◽

T Test ◽

Reading Test ◽

Control Group ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Good Classification ◽

Post Test ◽

The Mean ◽

And Control ◽

Experimental Group

This quasi-experimental study involves the experimental and control group which consist of 60 students in first year of SMA Muhammadiyah Sidenreng Rappang 2019/2020 academic year. The reading test is used to collect data to find out do the students can achieve significant result in reading test using Text-based Character. Based on the result the mean score of the experimental group pre-test was 72.67 and classified into good classification, while the control group was 69.63 classified into good. The mean score of the post-test after treatment for the experimental group was 82.43 (very good) while the control group was 76.53, (good) classification still. The researcher found that the T-table is higher than the t-test (α) (1.659<2.021). It means that there is a significant difference in the pre-test of the control and experimental group, while in post-test of an experimental and control group, the researcher finds that the T-test is higher than the alpha and previous score in the the pre-test (α) (3.089>2.021). The degree of freedom is 58. This study reveals that the alternative hypothesis (H1) was accepted, and the null hypothesis (H0) was rejected. This is means that the use of Text-based Characters can improves students' reading skills in significant way.

Download Full-text

EFFECT OF FAMILY PSYCHOEDUCATION ON CAREGIVER SUPPORT IN THE TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH TYPE II DIABETES MELLITUS

Belitung Nursing Journal ◽

10.33546/bnj.342 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 112-119

Author(s):

Andika Siswoaribowo ◽

Mateus Sakundarno ◽

Muhammad Mu’in

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

T Test ◽

Control Group ◽

P Value ◽

Family Psychoeducation ◽

Control Group Design ◽

Caregiver Support ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Patients With Diabetes ◽

And Control

Background: Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic disease that requires treatment for long periods of time so it can cause physical and psychological problems for sufferers and families (caregiver). Caregiver's role is expected to provide support for people with diabetes mellitus. Family psychoeducation is a strategy that can be applied for caregiver in overcoming problems that arise during the treatment of patients with diabetes mellitus.Objective: This study aims to determine the effect of family psychoeducation on caregiver support in the treatment of patients with diabetes mellitus type II.Methods: This research used a quasi experiment with pre-test post-test control group design. A total of 46 caregivers and patients with diabetes mellitus were recruited puposively, with 23 respondents assigned in the experiment and control group. Caregiver support scale was used to measure caregiver support, and Hensarling Diabetes Family Support Scale (HDFSS) for measuring perception of patients toward the treatment of caregiver. Data were analyzed using paired t-test and independent t-test. Results: Findings showed there was an increase of caregiver knowledge from 5.39 to 9.09 and an improvement of caregiver treatment from 40.30 to 67.04 after given family psychoeducation. There was a significant difference of caregiver support in the experimental and control group with p-value <0.001 (<0.05).Conclusion: Family psychoeducation can increase caregiver support in the treatment of diabetes mellitus patients. The intervention can be one of nurses interventions in the empowerment of family in improving the treatment of chronic diseases, particularly in diabetes mellitus.

Download Full-text

PENGARUH PELATIHAN 30 SECOND BOX DRILL DAN 60 SECOND BOX DRILL TERHADAP DAYA LEDAK OTOT TUNGKAI

Jurnal Ilmu Keolahragaan Undiksha ◽

10.23887/jiku.v7i1.4097 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Luh Mastia Andriani ◽

I Gst Lanang Agung Parwata ◽

Ni Luh Kadek Alit Arsani

Keyword(s):

Vertical Jump ◽

Training Group ◽

T Test ◽

Control Group ◽

Control Groups ◽

Explosive Power ◽

Jump Test ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Leg Muscle ◽

And Control

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pelatihan 30 second box drill dan 60 second box drill terhadap peningkatan daya ledak otot tungkai. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen semu (quasi) dengan rancangan the non-randomized pretest posttest control groups design. Subjek penelitian sebanyak 30 orang. Daya ledak otot tungkai diukur dengan vertical jump test dan data dianalisis dengan uji-t independent, uji anava satu jalur dan uji least significant difference (LSD) pada taraf signifikansi (α) 0,05 dengan bantuan SPSS 16,0. Berdasarkan hasil uji hipotesis antara gaint-score kelompok pelatihan 30 second box drill, 60 second box drill dan kelompok kontrol pada variable daya ledak otot tungkai, hasil analisis data menggunakan uji-t independent menunjukkan bahwa pelatihan 30 second box drill dan 30 second box drill berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan daya ledak otot tungkai dengan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,000 dan 0,000 (SigKata Kunci : pelatihan 30 second box drill, pelatihan 60 seond box drill, daya ledak otot tungkai This study aimed to know the effect of 30 second box drill training and 60 second box drill training toward the increase of explosive power of leg muscle. This study is quasi experiment research with thenon-randomized pretest posttest control groups design. Subjects of this study were 30 people. The explosive power of leg muscle was measured by vertical jump test and analyzed by independent t-test, one lane anava test and test of least significant difference (LSD) in the significant standard (α) 0,05 by using SPSS 16,0. Based on the result of hypothesis between gaint-score on training group of 30 second box drill, 60 second box drill and control group on the variable of explosive power of leg muscle, result of analysis by using independent t-test showed that 30 second box drill training and 30 second box drill training influenced the explosion power of leg muscle in the significant value of 0,000 and 0,000 (Sigkeyword : 30 second box drill, 60 second box drill,explosive power

Download Full-text

Evaluating the Effectiveness of Online Educational Modules and Interactive Workshops in Alleviating Symptoms of Mild to Moderate Depression: A Pilot Trial

Journal of Primary Care & Community Health ◽

10.1177/2150132720971158 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

pp. 215013272097115

Author(s):

Luis A. Murillo ◽

Emily Follo ◽

April Smith ◽

Julienne Balestrier ◽

Deborah L. Bevvino

Keyword(s):

Pilot Trial ◽

Cost Effective ◽

T Test ◽

Health Concern ◽

Control Group ◽

Test Analysis ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Patient Health ◽

And Control ◽

Paired T Test

Introduction Depression is a common health concern in primary care with barriers to treatment well documented in the literature. Innovative online psychoeducational approaches to address barriers to care have been well received and can be cost effective. This pilot trial evaluated the effectiveness of an online psychoeducation curriculum intended to alleviate symptoms of depression while utilizing minimal staff resources. Methods A small (n = 29) randomized control pilot study was conducted. Online psychoeducational content was delivered in 5 to 10-minute videos over 8 weeks. Participants engaged in moderated discussions on workshop topics. The Patient Health Care Questionnaire (PHQ-9) was used to measure pre/post scores. Two Likert scale questions were used to determine subjective changes in understanding of depression and coping skills. Results Paired T-test analysis showed an average PHQ-9 improvement of 4.37 ( P = .01) in the intervention arm and 1.81 ( P = .172) in the control group. No significant difference in delta PHQ-9 score was found between groups via difference in difference analysis ( P = .185). Effect size was 0.59. No improvement in Likert scores for question 1 or 2 were detected by paired T test in either group. Conclusion This pilot trial of interactive online psychoeducational content shows initial promise as there was a significant improvement in PHQ-9 scores within the intervention arm. The comparison of delta scores between intervention and control arms was not statistically significant although this is likely due to the underpowered nature of the pilot trial. This data trend justifies the need for a larger validation trial of this intervention.

Download Full-text

The Effect of Using the Care Model of "Sensitization" on Medication Adherence in Asthmatic Patients

Global Journal of Health Science ◽

10.5539/gjhs.v8n11p11 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (11) ◽

pp. 11 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mahbobeh Sajadi ◽

Mozhgan Bagheri ◽

Davood Hekmatpou ◽

Hamid Borsi

Keyword(s):

Medication Adherence ◽

T Test ◽

Control Group ◽

Care Model ◽

Chi Square ◽

Asthmatic Patients ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Prevalent Disease ◽

And Control ◽

Positive Effect

INTRODUCTION: Asthma is a prevalent disease with a multitude of complication. The present research was aimed at investigating the effects of implementing sensitization care model on medication adherence in asthmatic patients.METHODS & MATERIALS: In this interventional study, 74 subjects were selected using accessibility sampling method and were randomly classified into 2 separate groups, intervention (37 subjects) and control group (37 subjects). Data were collected with questionnaire. A month later, the subjects in both groups (control and intervention) completed questionnaire again. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software, Independent t-test, Paired t-test and Chi-Square.RESULTS: Data analysis showed that the average age of participants was 41 years (range 21-83). The most and lowest frequencies of marital status in both sexes were 66.2% married and 33.8% single, respectively. There was no significant difference before intervention between two groups. However, after the intervention, there was a significant difference between the two groups (P=0.0001).DISCUSSION: The results of the present study showed that implementing sensitization care model had a positive effect on medication adherence among asthmatic patients. Therefore, application of this model is recommended to care and treatment asthmatic patients.

Download Full-text