Influence of Woven and Cross-Ply Laminates on Mechanical Properties of Coir Epoxy Composite

2013 ◽  
Vol 315 ◽  
pp. 136-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.R. Azrin Hani ◽  
M. Mariatti ◽  
A. Roslan ◽  
Mohd Nazrul Roslan ◽  
A.R. Othman
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Weight Fraction ◽  
Textile Composites ◽  
Woven Composites ◽  
Strength Performance ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fabric Structures

This research work was concerned with the evaluation of mechanical properties; flexural strength and impact strength of coconut coir textile composites. The coir fabric reinforcement was in a form of woven and cross ply structure. The two types of laminates orientations for cross-ply structures were 0/90 degrees and 45/-45 degrees. Composites with fibre weight fraction of 30% were prepared by hand lay-up and vacuum bagging technique. Mechanisms of composites failure were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results have shown that the woven coir reinforced composites exhibited higher impact resistance and flexural strength (warp woven) compare to cross-ply composites. Moreover, 0/90 degrees orientations demonstrated better strength performance compare to 45/-45 degrees. However, damage propagation on woven composites was found to be larger than cross-ply composites. Normality test of data distribution were evaluated using Minitab software and it was proven that all samples were in a very stable behaviour (p > 0.05). Experimental results were also validated using one way analysis of variance technique (one way-ANOVA) and it revealed there was statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) between all different fabric structures of coir fabric as reinforcement in composite.

Micromechanical Modeling for the Evaluation of Elastic Moduli of Woven Composites

2012 ◽  
Vol 525-526 ◽  
pp. 73-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daisei Abe ◽  
Omar Bacarreza ◽  
M.H. Aliabadi
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Textile Composites ◽  
Woven Composites ◽  
Micromechanical Modeling ◽  
Unit Cells ◽  
3D Woven Composites ◽  
Predicted Values ◽  
Complex Architecture

Textile composites have increasingly been used as a structural material because of their balanced properties, higher impact resistance, and easier handling and fabrication compared with unidirectional composites. However, the complex architecture of textile composites leads to difficulties in predicting the response in spite of the fact that there is the need to determine mechanical properties in product design. Micromechanical analysis, using the Finite Element Method, was conducted in order to evaluate the effective mechanical properties of plain woven and 3D woven composites. In this study, numerical models of unit cells were used and it is shown that the predicted values of homogenized mechanical properties using the developed procedure were in good agreement with experimental results.

scholarly journals Comparison of Mechanical Properties of PMMA Disks for Digitally Designed Dentures

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1745
Author(s):  
Tamaki Hada ◽  
Manabu Kanazawa ◽  
Maiko Iwaki ◽  
Awutsadaporn Katheng ◽  
Shunsuke Minakuchi
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Water Sorption ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Manufacturing Method ◽  
Heat Curing ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
Curing Method

In this study, the physical properties of a custom block manufactured using a self-polymerizing resin (Custom-block), the commercially available CAD/CAM PMMA disk (PMMA-disk), and a heat-polymerizing resin (Conventional PMMA) were evaluated via three different tests. The Custom-block was polymerized by pouring the self-polymerizing resin into a special tray, and Conventional PMMA was polymerized with a heat-curing method, according to the manufacturer’s recommended procedure. The specimens of each group were subjected to three-point bending, water sorption and solubility, and staining tests. The results showed that the materials met the requirements of the ISO standards in all tests, except for the staining tests. The highest flexural strength was exhibited by the PMMA-disk, followed by the Custom-block and the Conventional PMMA, and a significant difference was observed in the flexural strengths of all the materials (p < 0.001). The Custom-block showed a significantly higher flexural modulus and water solubility. The water sorption and discoloration of the Custom-block were significantly higher than those of the PMMA-disk, but not significantly different from those of the Conventional PMMA. In conclusion, the mechanical properties of the three materials differed depending on the manufacturing method, which considerably affected their flexural strength, flexural modulus, water sorption and solubility, and discoloration.

Effect of Weld Line Formation on Morphology and Mechanical Properties for 3D-MID Technology

2015 ◽  
Vol 659 ◽  
pp. 659-665
Author(s):  
Supakit Chuaping ◽  
Thomas Mann ◽  
Rapeephun Dangtungee ◽  
Suchart Siengchin
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Injection Molding ◽  
Filler Content ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Weld Line ◽  
Processing Conditions ◽  
High Reduction ◽  
Flexural Tests

The topic of this research work was to demonstrate the feasibility of a 3D-MID concept using injection molding technique and investigate the effects of two weld line types on the structure and mechanical properties such as tensile, flexural strength and morphology. In order to obtain more understanding of the bonds between polymer and metals, two different polymer bases of polyphthalamide (PPA) with the same type and amount of filler content were produced by injection molding at the different processing conditions. A mold was designed in such a way that weld and meld line can be produced with different angles by changing as insert inside of the mold. The mechanical properties such as stiffness, tensile strength and flexural strength were determined in tensile and flexural tests, respectively. The results showed in line with the expectation of high reduction on mechanical properties in area where weld/meld lines occurred. The result of tensile test was clearly seen that weld and meld line showed a considerable influence on mechanical properties. The reduction in tensile strength was approximately 58% according to weld line types, whereas in flexural strength was approximately 62%. On the other hand, the effect of the injection times and mold temperatures on the tensile strength were marginal.

scholarly journals The effect of curing conditions on the mechanical properties of SIFCON

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-51
Author(s):  
Kubilay Akçaözoğlu ◽  
◽  
Adem Kıllı ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Steel Fiber ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Curing Conditions ◽  
Accelerated Curing ◽  
Aspect Ratios ◽  
Curing Method

In this study, the effect of curing conditions on the mechanical properties of slurry infiltrated fiber reinforced concrete (SIFCON) was investigated. For this purpose, SIFCON samples containing 4% and 8% steel fiber with two different aspect ratios were produced. The samples were subjected to three different curing types, namely standard, dry and accelerated curing methods. Ultrasonic wave velocity, flexural strength, fracture toughness, compressive strength, impact resistance and capillary water absorption tests were performed on the samples. The highest flexural strength was found to be achieved in the samples with an aspect ratio of 55 and a content of 8% steel fiber. The most suitable curing method was determined as the standard curing method and the best flexural strength was achieved at the rate of 8%. According to the test results, the best strength properties were achieved in the samples exposed to the standard curing method. In addition, the samples exposed to the accelerated curing method showed satisfactory values. The accelerated curing method can be used as an alternative in SIFCON production especially in applications requiring mass production.

scholarly journals Effect of Gamma Radiation and Endodontic Treatment on Mechanical Properties of Human and Bovine Root Dentin

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 670-674 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veridiana Resende Novais ◽  
Priscilla Barbosa Ferreira Soares ◽  
Carlla Martins Guimarães ◽  
Laís Rani Sales Oliveira Schliebe ◽  
Stella Sueli Lourenço Braga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Hardness Test ◽  
Knoop Hardness ◽  
Endodontic Treatment ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Human Teeth ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Root Dentin

Abstract This study evaluated the effect of gamma radiation and endodontic treatment on the microhardness and flexural strength of human and bovine root dentin. Forty single-rooted human teeth and forty bovine incisor teeth were collected, cleaned and stored in distilled water at 4 °C. The human and bovine teeth were divided into 4 groups (n=10) resulting from the combination of two study factors: first, regarding the endodontic treatment in 2 levels: with or without endodontic treatment; and second, radiotherapy in two levels: with or without radiotherapy by 60 Gy of Co-60 gamma radiation fractioned into 2 Gy daily doses five days per week. Each tooth was longitudinally sectioned in two parts; one-half was used for the three-point bending test and the other for the Knoop hardness test (KHN). Data were analyzed by 3-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD test (α=0.05). No significant difference was found for flexural strength values. The human dentin had significantly higher KHN than the bovine. The endodontic treatment and radiotherapy resulted in significantly lower KHN irrespective of tooth origin. The results indicated that the radiotherapy had deleterious effects on the microhardness of human and bovine dentin and this effect is increased by the interaction with endodontic therapy. The endodontic treatment adds additional negative effect on the mechanical properties of radiated tooth dentin; the restorative protocols should be designed taking into account this effect.

Influence of fiber volume fraction and curing temperature on mechanical properties of jute/PLA green composites

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 273-284
Author(s):  
Jai Inder Preet Singh ◽  
Sehijpal Singh ◽  
Vikas Dhawan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Fiber Volume Fraction ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Curing Temperature ◽  
Green Composites ◽  
Fiber Volume

Rising environmental concerns and depletion of petrochemical resources have resulted in an increased interest in biodegradable natural fiber-reinforced polymer composites. In this research work, jute fiber has been used as a reinforcement and polylactic acid (PLA) as the matrix material to develop jute/PLA green composites with the help of compression molding technique. The effect of fiber volume fraction ranging from 25% to 50% and curing temperature ranging from 160°C to 180°C on different samples were investigated for mechanical properties and water absorption. Results obtained from various tests indicate that with an increase in the fiber volume fraction, tensile and flexural strength increases till 30% fiber fraction, thereafter decreases with further increase in fiber content. Maximum tensile and flexural strength of jute/PLA composites was obtained with 30% fiber volume fraction at 160°C curing temperature. The trend obtained from mechanical properties is further justified through the study of surface morphology using scanning electron microscopy.

Studying the effect of reinforcement parameters on the mechanical properties of natural fibre-woven composites by Taguchi method

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Senthil Kumar ◽  
S Balachander
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Composite Structures ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Engineering Application ◽  
Areal Density ◽  
Natural Fibre ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Woven Composites ◽  
Textile Composite

Process optimization is the key task of any engineering application to maximize the desirable output by optimizing the range of process parameters. In this research work, jute composites were fabricated by the hand lay-up method with the aim of optimizing the process parameter such as yarn linear density, fabric areal density and fabric laying angle on the mechanical properties of the textile composite structures using the Taguchi L9 orthogonal matrix. The plain-woven and twill-woven fabrics of Jute fabrics were produced through specialized handloom machine and used as preform for composite production. Epoxy resin was used as the matrix component. Signal-to-noise ratio ratio, analysis of variance and experimental verification of results were analysed. The results showed that fabric laying angle played major role to achieve high mechanical properties of composites and twill-woven structural reinforcement yields higher mechanical properties. Subsequent to this optimal process, parameters have been arrived for all the composites, and finally it was verified through the experimental results.

Mechanical Properties and Failure Analysis of 3D-Woven Copper Wire/Glass Fiber Hybrid Composites

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 17-24
Author(s):  
Fujun Xu ◽  
Liangang Zheng ◽  
Kun Zhang ◽  
Mohamed Amine Aouraghe ◽  
Sidra Saleemi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Failure Analysis ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Copper Wire ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Woven Composites

Three-dimensional woven fabrics with excellent structural integrity are a very promising structure for multifunctional materials hybridized with various yarns. To systematically investigate mechanical properties and failure analysis of 3D-woven hybrid composites, copper wire/glass fiber composites with two hybrid structures, single-face copper wire (SF-CW) and double-face copper wire (DF-CW), were fabricated and tested. The SF-CW hybrid composites showed excellent tensile strength (1214 MPa) and bending strength (964 MP), which was greater than that of the DF-CW hybrid composites. Additionally, the compression strength and impact resistance of both composites exhibited comparable properties with traditional materials. Furthermore, all failure cross sections showed superior structural integrity and anti-delaminate properties, demonstrating that 3D-woven composites can be a good candidate platform by hybridization with various multifunctional yarns.

Effect of the Sintering Additives on the Microstructure and the Properties of Textured Silicon Nitride

2005 ◽  
Vol 287 ◽  
pp. 242-246
Author(s):  
Dong Soo Park ◽  
Y.M. Kim ◽  
Byung Dong Hahn ◽  
Chan Park
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Silicon Nitride ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Sintering Additives ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Grain Width

Silicon nitride samples without and with 3 wt% of the aligned b-silicon nitride whisker seeds were prepared with 8.2 wt% Er2O3 and 1.9 wt% AlN. After sintering at 2148 K for 4h, the samples exhibited densities higher than 99.5% TD. The microstructures and properties of the samples were compared with those of the samples sintered with 4.8 wt% Y2O3 and 2.2 wt% Al2O3 at 2273 K for 4h. For samples without the whiskers, the sample with 4.8 wt% Y2O3 + 2.2 wt% Al2O3 had coarser microstructures than those with with 8.2 wt% Er2O3 + 1.9 wt% AlN. However, the samples with the whisker seeds, the former sample appeared to have only slightly larger grains than the latter sample in spite of the significant difference in the sintering temperatures. For the samples without the whisker seeds, the room temperature flexural strength was higher for the sample with Er2O3 + AlN. However, for the samples with the aligned whisker seeds, the sample with Y2O3 + Al2O3 exhibited higher room temperature flexural strength than that with Er2O3 + AlN although the average grain width of the former sample was larger than that of the latter sample. In case of the high temperature flexural strength at 1673 K, the flexural strengths of the samples with the whisker seeds were higher than double the strengths of the samples without the whisker seeds. For samples without the whisker seeds, the sample with Er2O3 + AlN exhibited better mechanical properties than that with Y2O3 + Al2O3. However, for the samples with the aligned whisker seeds, the sample with Y2O3 + Al2O3 exhibited better mechanical properties than those with Er2O3 + AlN. The results were explained in terms of the microstructures of the samples.

Surface Microhardness and Flexural Strength of Colored Zirconia

2010 ◽  
Vol 105-106 ◽  
pp. 49-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Liu ◽  
Long Quan Shao ◽  
Ning Wen ◽  
Bin Deng
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
The Other ◽  
Zirconia Ceramic ◽  
Surface Microhardness ◽  
Anova Analysis ◽  
Lower Strength ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Biaxial Flexural Strength

The surface microhardness and flexural strength of colored zirconia were examined. Two groups of zirconia disks (1mm thick, 20mm in diameter) within 5 disks each were shading with the same coloring liquids IL2 (Vita Classic-scale) when another group of 5 disks measured in no color. The shading time of one group was 3s and that of the other group was prolonged to 30s. The mechanical properties were tested after sintering at 1500°C. Data were evaluated using ANOVA analysis. Disks of shading 30s showed a lower strength 712  53 MPa. The value of 3s was 853  46 MPa. There were no significant difference on microhardness between the two shading time. Prolonged the shading time lowered the biaxial flexural strength of zirconia ceramic, but shading time did no effect on surface microhardness.

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