Ti6Al4V Surface Hardness Improvement by Duplex Coating

2013 ◽  
Vol 701 ◽  
pp. 370-374
Author(s):  
Yusliza Yusuf ◽  
Zulkifli Mohd Rosli ◽  
Jariah Mohamad Juoi ◽  
Zainab Mahamud ◽  
Kwan Wai Loon
Keyword(s):  
Microwave Plasma ◽  
Plasma Nitriding ◽  
Microstructural Analysis ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Hardness Measurement ◽  
Compound Layer ◽  
Ti6al4v Alloy ◽  
Process Time ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Duplex Coating

Ti6Al4V alloy are among the most widely used materials in engineering applications. This is because their relatively beneficial properties. However, inadequate wear properties of Ti6Al4V alloy have largely constrained the application for this material. In this study, Plasma nitriding of the Ti6Al4V was performed using microwave plasma technique at 600°C for 1hour, 3 hours and 5 hours then followed with deposition of CrN on plasma nitrided samples for duplex coating purposes. Microstructural analysis and hardness measurement revealed that formation of Ti2N and TiN phases indicating the formation of compound layer is observed for substrate nitrided at temperature as low as 600°C 1 hour and a substantial increase on the surface hardness of plasma nitrided Ti6Al4V is observed with an increase of process time. The duplex coating obtained in this study has significant surface hardness property and superior as compared with CrN coatings deposited on as received Ti6Al4V.

The Influence of the Microwave Plasma Nitrided Ti6Al4V Substrate Properties to the Duplex Coating Performance

2015 ◽  
Vol 761 ◽  
pp. 68-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusliza Yusuf ◽  
Zulkifli Rosli ◽  
Jariah Mohd Juoi ◽  
Omar Nooririnah ◽  
Umar Al Amani Azlan
Keyword(s):  
Microwave Plasma ◽  
Plasma Nitriding ◽  
Microstructural Analysis ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Medical Application ◽  
Compound Layer ◽  
Case Depth ◽  
Duplex Coating ◽  
Depth Analysis

Titanium alloys, especially TI6Al4V has been used in many industries such as aerospace applications, medical application and automotive applications. This is because it has beneficial properties such as low density, high strength to weight ratio, low modulus elasticity, excellent corrosion resistance and etc. However, titanium and its alloys have limited use in mechanical engineering applications involving sliding wear or abrasion due to poor wear resistance. Therefore, the duplex coating concept was introduced with the intention of the surface modification process as a pre-treatment of the substrate prior to the deposition of hardcoating process. In this study, plasma nitriding of the Ti6Al4V was performed using a microwave plasma technique at 600°C and 700°C for 1 hour, 3 hours and 5 hours, then followed by deposition of chromium nitrate (CrN) on plasma nitrided samples for duplex coating purposes. Microstructural analysis and mirohardness measurement revealed that formation of Ti2N and TiN phase indicating the formation of the compound layer was observed for substrate nitrided at temperature as low as 600°C for 1 hour and a substantial increase on the case depth obtained on plasma nitrided Ti6Al4V was observed with an increase of process temperature and time. The duplex coating obtained in this study has superior surface hardness property and improved load carrying capacity of the coating – substrate system compared to CrN coatings deposited on as received Ti6Al4V which was observed in the penetration depth analysis.

Influence of Duplex Treatment on Structural and Tribological Properties of Commercially Pure Titanium

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilhan Çelik
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Physical Vapor Deposition ◽  
Plasma Nitriding ◽  
Pure Titanium ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Compound Layer ◽  
Commercially Pure Titanium ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Commercially Pure

AbstractTitanium and its alloys are widely used in many fields, including aerospace and the chemical and biomedical industries. This is due to their mechanical properties, excellent corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility although they do have poor wear resistance. In this study, a duplex layer was successfully formed on the commercially pure titanium surface by duplex treatments (plasma nitriding and physical vapor deposition (PVD)). In the initial treatment, plasma nitriding was performed on the pure titanium samples and in the second treatment, the nitrided samples were coated with CrN by PVD. The friction and wear properties of the duplex-treated samples were investigated for tribological applications. Surface morphology and microstructure of the duplex-treated samples were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In addition, the tribological properties were investigated using pin-on-disc tribometer. A compound layer composed of ε-Ti2N and δ-TiN phases and a diffusion layer formed under the compound layer were obtained on the surface of pure titanium after the nitriding treatments. CrN coated on the nitrided surface provided an increase in the surface hardness and in the wear resistance.

EFFECT OF NITROGEN AMOUNT ON TRIBOLOGICAL BEHAVIOR OF PLASMA NITRIDED 31CrMoV9 STEEL

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (07) ◽  
pp. 1850217 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. ÇOMAKLI ◽  
A. F. YETIM ◽  
B. KARACA ◽  
A. ÇELIK
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Tribological Behavior ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Plasma Nitriding ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Compound Layer ◽  
Gas Mixture ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Pin On Disk

The 31CrMoV9 steels were plasma nitrided under different gas mixture ratios to investigate an influence of nitrogen amount on wear behavior. The structure, mechanical and tribological behavior of untreated and nitrided 31CrMoV9 steels were analyzed with X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), microhardness device, 3D profilometer and pin-on-disk wear tester. The analysis outcomes displayed that the compound layer consists of nitride phases (Fe2N, Fe3N, Fe4N and CrN). Additionally, the thickness of the compound layers, surface hardness and roughness increased with increasing nitrogen amount in the gas mixture. The highest friction coefficient value was obtained at nitrogen amount of 50%, but the lowest value was seen at nitrogen amount of 6%. It was observed that wear resistance of 31CrMoV9 steel improved after plasma nitriding, and the best wear resistance was also obtained from plasma nitrided sample at the gas mixture of 94% H[Formula: see text]% N2.

Effect of High-Frequency Induction Carburization on Ti6Al4V Alloy Tissue and Wear Performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 1032 ◽  
pp. 163-171
Author(s):  
Jing Guan ◽  
Xue Ting Jiang ◽  
Xing Cheng ◽  
Feng Yang ◽  
Jing Liu
Keyword(s):  
Wear Mechanism ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Ti6al4v Alloy ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Alloy Matrix ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Carburized Layer ◽  
High Frequency Induction

The surface of Ti6Al4V alloy was rapidly carburized by high-frequency electromagnetic induction heating under vacuum. The microstructure and hardness of the carburized layer were studied. The wear properties of the carburized layer were tested at 50, 100 and 200 rpm using the end face friction and wear device, and the wear mechanism was analyzed. The results show that the TiC strengthening phase was formed on the surface of Ti6Al4V alloy after high-frequency induction carburization, and the surface grains were refined. The surface hardness reaches 1116 HV0.25, but the brittleness of the carburized layer increases with increasing temperature. The amount of wear was reduced by 54% at 100 rpm. The roughness of the wear scar was reduced from 3.26 μm to 2.28 μm of Ti6A14V alloy matrix. The coefficient of friction and wear rate increases with increasing speed. The wear mechanism was transformed from adhesive wear and oxidative wear of the substrate to abrasive wear after carburizing.

Nanomechanical and Wear Behavior of Microtextured Carbide-Coated CoCrMo Alloy Surfaces

2013 ◽  
Vol 135 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Geriel A. Ettienne-Modeste ◽  
L. D. Timmie Topoleski
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Microwave Plasma ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Wear Testing ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Artificial Joints ◽  
Cocrmo Alloy ◽  
Nanomechanical Properties

The nanomechanical properties of a CoCrMo medical implant alloy and a novel microtextured carbide-coated CoCrMo alloy (MTCC) surface—hardness and elastic modulus—were examined using nanoindentation. The MTCC surfaces may be a successful alternative bearing material for artificial joints. Understanding the nanomechanical, material properties, and surface morphology of the MTCC–CoCrMo surface are important for designing wear resistant artificial joints. The microtextured carbide surfaces were created using a microwave plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition reaction (MPCVD). Nanomechanical properties, volumetric wear properties, and surface morphology were measured and used to determine the performance of the conventional CoCrMo alloy and MTCC surfaces (processed for either 2 or 4 h) in static environments and under severe wear conditions. The hardness, elastic modulus, and surface parameters of the 4-h MTCC surfaces were always greater than the 2-h MTCC and CoCrMo alloy surfaces. The nanomechanical properties changed for the CoCrMo alloy and 2-h and 4-h MTCC surfaces after, in contrast to before, wear testing. This indicates that the wear mechanisms affect the nanomechanical results. Overall, the 4-h MTCC surfaces had greater wear resistance than the 2-h MTCC or CoCrMo alloy surfaces.

scholarly journals Tribological Behavior of 42CrMo4 Steel Nitrided by Plasma

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Okba Belahssen ◽  
Abdelouahed Chala ◽  
Okba Belahssen ◽  
Said Benramache
Keyword(s):  
Wear Rate ◽  
Tribological Behavior ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Plasma Nitriding ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Compound Layer ◽  
42Crmo4 Steel ◽  
Layer Increase ◽  
Pin On Disk ◽  
Microhardness Tester

<p>This paper presents wear behavior of the plasma nitride 42CrMo4 steel. This steel is used in mechanical industry; it has been assessed by evaluating tribological properties and surface hardness by using a pin-on-disk wear machine and microhardness tester. Experimental results showed that the nitrides ε-Fe<sub>2-3</sub>N and γ’-Fe<sub>4</sub>N present in the compound layer increase the microhardness. It is found that plasma nitriding improves the wear rate and the presence of a hard and brittle compound layer on the surface causes an increase in wear of the specimen surface.</p>

LOW-TEMPERATURE NITRIDING BEHAVIOR OF COMPRESSIVE DEFORMED AISI 316Ti AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEELS

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (05) ◽  
pp. 1850188 ◽  
Author(s):  
FATIH KAHRAMAN ◽  
GÖKÇE MEHMET GENÇER ◽  
AYÇA D. KAHRAMAN ◽  
COŞKUN YOLCU ◽  
HAYDAR KAHRAMAN
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Plasma Nitriding ◽  
Nitrided Layer ◽  
Cold Deformation ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Compound Layer ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Layer Growth ◽  
Nitrogen Diffusion ◽  
Undeformed Sample

The effects of compressive cold deformation under the quasi-static loads on the nitride formation, nitride layer growth and surface hardness properties were researched in this study. Martensite structure did not form in AISI 316Ti stainless steel as a result of quasi-static deformation. Diffusion layer did not form in all nitrided samples. Both the deformed and undeformed samples have only compound layer on the surfaces at the low-temperature nitriding conditions (400∘C, 7[Formula: see text]h). According to the X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) results, S-phase and chromium nitride (CrN) were formed in the compound layers of the deformed samples. However, CrN did not form in the compound layer of the undeformed sample. The optical microscope (OM) results showed that the compressive cold deformation increased the nitrogen diffusion rate and led to thicker nitrided layer than the undeformed sample under the same plasma-nitriding conditions. All nitrided layers presented higher microhardness values ([Formula: see text][Formula: see text]HV) when compared with the untreated sample hardness. It was also verified that the deformation amount did not affect significantly the nitrided layer hardness.

Repeated Impact Resistance of Cr-Mo Surface Alloying Layers on Ti6Al4V Alloy

2011 ◽  
Vol 399-401 ◽  
pp. 1958-1961
Author(s):  
Lin Qin ◽  
Kun Kun Yang ◽  
Shuai Wang ◽  
Bin Tang
Keyword(s):  
Impact Test ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Hardness Test ◽  
Knoop Hardness ◽  
Ti6al4v Alloy ◽  
Glow Discharge Plasma ◽  
Surface Alloying ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Repeated Impact

Cr-Mo surface alloying modified layers on Ti6Al4V alloy were prepared using double glow discharge plasma alloying technique. The surface hardness and the resistance ability of repeated impact of the layers were measured using Knoop hardness test and repeated impact test respectively. The results show that the surface hardness of the modified samples was significantly improved due to the deposited layer containing Cr1.93Ti1.07, Cr2Ti, FeCrMo, and Cr2Ti4O11 compounds. However, it was found that heavy peeling occurred on the Cr-Mo alloying modified layers after repeated impact test due to these brittle phases formed in plasma alloying process. Brittle phases appeared in the surface modified layer, such as intermetallic compounds, contribute to hardness enhancement and wear properties, but may be detrimental to impact resistance.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF NITROGEN HYDROGEN RATIO ON PLASMA NITRIDING FOR 38CrMoAl

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 229
Author(s):  
Lu Song ◽  
Tiantian Peng ◽  
Xiaobin Zhao ◽  
Jing Hu
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Nitriding ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Lower Surface ◽  
Compound Layer ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Hardness Tester ◽  
Modified Surface ◽  
Modified Surface Layer

<p class="AMSmaintext">Critical nitrogen hydrogen ratio in plasma nitriding was primarily investigated to get enhanced performance for 38CrMoAl steel. The modified surface layer was characterized by optical microscopy (OM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and micro-hardness tester. The results showed that the critical nitrogen hydrogen ratio was 1: 5 while plasma nitriding at 540℃ for 6 h. Under this condition, no compound layer was formed, and accompanied with high surface hardness, while the compound layer was formed accompanied with lower surface hardness with nitrogen hydrogen ratio higher than the critical value.</p>

Corrosion Behavior of Various Surface Treatments Ti-6Al-4V Alloy - A Review

2013 ◽  
Vol 849 ◽  
pp. 58-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusliza Yusuf ◽  
Nooririnah Binti Omar ◽  
Muhamad Azwar Azhari ◽  
Md Ashadi Bin Md Johari
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Biomedical Application ◽  
Plasma Nitriding ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Surface Treatments ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Resistance Property ◽  
Corrosion Resistance Property

A Ti-6Al-4V alloy has been widely used as suitable materials for several of application such as aerospace, marine and biomedical application. Although this alloy is excellent in its properties and good corrosion resistance, the applications are limited because of their poor tribological property referring to the wear resistance property due to their low surface hardness. Therefore, it is inevitable to improve the wear properties of Ti-6Al-4V without detrimental the initial corrosion resistance properties even increasing it for better result. Over the years, various methods of surface treatments for Ti-6Al-4V have been studied and most frequently used are laser treatment, plasma nitriding process, PVD coating and also duplex coating. For each of the surface treatment discussed, several type of corrosion behavior have been studied with the conclusion is comparable to each other. In general, throughout these techniques, the wear resistance property of Ti-6Al-4V was improved and simultaneously improving the corrosion resistance property.

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