Microwave-Ultrasonic Synergistic Extraction of Crude Se-Polysaccharides from Se-Enriched Tea

2017 ◽  
Vol 737 ◽  
pp. 360-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Wang ◽  
Wen Li ◽  
Tong Xiang Li
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Condition ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Synergistic Extraction ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Biological Macromolecules ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Efficient Technology ◽  
Tea Production ◽  
First Time

Se-polysaccharides are organic Se-conjugated biological macromolecules with stronger biological activities than Se-free polysaccharides. Se-polysaccharides, as a kind of biological materials, can be extracted from Se-enriched tea and can increase the added value of tea production. Microwave–ultrasonic synergistic extraction exhibits the advantages of microwave and ultrasonic extraction and thus provides an economic and effective path for utilization of Se-polysaccharides. In this study, Se-polysaccharides were extracted from Se-enriched tea by microwave–ultrasonic synergistic method for the first time. The optimal condition was determined through single-factor experiment and L9(43) orthogonal experiment. Results showed that the optimal condition comprised the following: ratio of solvent to material of 20:1, microwave power of 250 W, extraction temperature of 60 °C, and extraction time of 210 s; under this condition, the extraction rate of Se-polysaccharides reached the maximum value of 4.56%. This study shows that microwave–ultrasonic synergistic extraction is an efficient technology for extracting Se- polysaccharides from Se-enriched tea.

Dwindling status of Epimedium Elatum (Morren & Decne) and its geographical distribution in Kashmir Himalaya, India

2018 ◽  
pp. 47-52
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Culture Techniques ◽  
Kashmir Himalayas ◽  
Near Future ◽  
First Time ◽  
Tissue Culture Techniques

Epimedium elatum (Morren & Decne) of family Berberidaceace is a rare perennial medicinal plant, endemic to high altitude forests of Northwestern Himalayas in India. Ethnobotanically, it has been used as an ingredient for treatment of bone-joint disorders, impotence and kidney disorders in Kashmir Himalayas. Phytochemically, it is rich in Epimedin ABC and Icariin; all of these have been demonstrated to possess remarkable biological activities like PDE-5 inhibition (treatment of erectile dysfunction), anticancer, antiosteoporosis antioxidant and antiviral properties. The present investigation reports its traditional usage, comprehensive distribution and conservation status from twenty ecogeographical regions in Kashmir Himalayas, India. The species was reported from Gurez valley for the first time. Numerous threats like excessive grazing, deforestration, habitat fragmentation, tourism encroachment, landslides and excessive exploitation have decreased its natural populations in most of the surveyed habitats. Consequently, its existence may become threatened in near future if timely conservation steps are not taken immediately by concerned stakeholders involved in medicinal plant research. Moreover, use of plant tissue culture techniques is recommended for development of its in vitro propagation protocols. Therefore, introduction of this medicinal plant in botanical gardens, protected sites and development of monitoring programmes are needed for its immediate conservation in Northwestern Himalayas, India.

Antitumoral and Anticholinesterasic Activities of the Seven Species from Rubiaceae

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 302-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla R.F. Volobuff ◽  
Pedro C.O. Junior ◽  
Sidney M. dos Santos ◽  
Zefa V. Pereira ◽  
Diego C. Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Brain Structures ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Inhibition ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
First Time ◽  
Mato Grosso Do Sul ◽  
Antiproliferative Activities ◽  
Mcf 7

Background: The genus Psychotria and Palicourea are reported as a source of alkaloids and iridoids, which exhibit biological activities. This study aimed to evaluate antiproliferative and anticholinesterase activities and quantification of the alkaloids of seven species among the genus found in Mato Grosso do Sul region in Brazil. Methods: Concentrations of alkaloids were measured spectrophotometrically. The extracts were submitted to antiproliferative activity against ten cell lines. The anticholinesterase activity of the extracts was developed using brain structures of male Wistar rats: cerebral cortex, hippocampus, hypothalamus and striatum by the Ellman method. Results: Alkaloids from Psychotria and Palicourea species were quantified which showed values of 47.6 to 21.9 µg/g. Regarding the antiproliferative potential, Palicourea crocea demonstrated selectivity against the 786-0 cell line (GI50: 22.87 µg/mL). Psychotria leiocarpa inhibited cell growth against OVCAR-3 (GI50: 3.28 µg/mL), K-562 (GI50: 5.26 µg/mL), HaCaT (GI50: 27.20 µg/mL), PC-3 (GI50: 34.92 µg/mL), MCF-7 (GI50: 35.80 µg/mL) and P. capillacea showed activity against OVCAR-3 (GI50: 2.33 µg/ml) and U251 (GI50: 16.66 µg/ml). The effect of acetylcholinesterase inhibition was more effective in the hippocampus, demonstrating inhibition for Paliourea crocea, Psychotria deflexa, P. brachybotrya and P. leiocarpa of 70%, 57%, 50% and 40%, respectively, followed by P. poeppigiana and P. capillacea, inhibiting 21%, compared to the control. Conclusion: Herein, the present work showed for the first time, anticholinesterasic and antiproliferative activities of extracts of Palicourea and Psychotria seem to be mainly associated with the levels of alkaloids in the leaves of these species.

Counseling during Real Ear Measurements: The Clients' Perspective

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Ryall ◽  
Lorienne M. Jenstad ◽  
John Pumford ◽  
Tami Howe ◽  
Garnet Grosjean
Keyword(s):  
Focus Groups ◽  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Visual Information ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Hearing Aid ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Centered Care ◽  
Prior Literature ◽  
First Time

Abstract Background When dispensing hearing aids, audiologists must follow validated fitting and verification procedures to ensure that the hearing aids are properly fitted to the client's hearing. Real ear measurements (REMs) are best practice for verifying hearing aids. Prior literature regarding REMs has mainly focused on the clinicians' perspective. Purpose This study investigated informational counseling throughout REMs by gathering perspectives of first-time hearing aid users regarding the content and format of counseling. Research Design The study used an interpretive description approach with focus groups. Study Sample There were 16 adult participants (4 males, 12 females) who were first-time hearing aid users and who all had memory of REMs occurring during their own hearing aid verification. Intervention We investigated the addition of informational counseling during REM verification. Data Collection and Analysis Four focus groups were conducted to elicit feedback on a demonstration of informational counseling during REM hearing aid verification. The data from the focus groups were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Results Analysis revealed positive aspects, negative aspects, and suggested changes in relation to the verbal and visual information presented during the REM verification demonstration. These data fell into two broad categories: the interaction and transaction of informational counseling. Conclusion Most clients were interested in learning more about REMs if the information was accessible. Results provide recommendations for clinical audiologists and REM system manufacturers to make the information presented during informational counseling more client-friendly and individualized for client-centered care. To continue exploring this new inquiry, further experimental research is required to determine if there is any added value of incorporating informational counseling during REMs.

scholarly journals Determination of Essential Oil Bioactive Components and Rosmarinic Acid of Salvia officinalis Cultivated under Different Intra-row Spacing

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad ABU DARWISH ◽  
Ezz Al-Dein AL-RAMAMNEH ◽  
Ivan SALAMON ◽  
Ziad ABU-DIEYEH ◽  
Mohamed AL NAWAISEH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Rosmarinic Acid ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Salvia Officinalis ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Human Disorders ◽  
Tea Production ◽  
First Time

Salvia officinalis, known also as sage, is a medicinal plant belonging to the Lamiaceae family that spreads all over the word in several countries. The demand for the raw material and extracts of this plant is increasing due to its numerous applications in pharmacy, food and herbal tea production. The present study investigated for the first time the effect of 15, 30 and 45 cm intra-row spacing (plant density) on the main constituents of sage essential oils and rosmarinic acid content. The highest content of essential oils (2.7%) and rosmarinic acid (2.0%) were obtained in plants grown using 15 cm planting space. Likewise, close spacing resulted also in a substantial content of 1,8-cineole (47-50%, GC/FID; 55-60%, GC/MS). This work indicated that 1,8-cineole chemotype was a dominant character of cultivated S. officinalis in south of Jordan. In general, the percent of α-thujone in essential oil was not affected by intra-row spacing. However, the percent of β-thujone decreased from (2-3%, GC/MS) in plants grown using 15 cm intra-row spacing to (1-2%, GC/MS) in plants grown using 30 and 45 cm intra-row spacing. The highest content of α-and β-pinene was recorded in plants grown using 45 cm planting space (8-10%, GC/FID; 5-6% GC/MS). Based on GC/MS, camphor compound was enriched (9-10%) in sage plants grown under 15 cm spacing and greater than in plants grown under 30 (6-7%) or 45 cm (5-6%) spacing. The results make the potential use of sage extracts in the treatment of some human disorders or illness an area of further research.

scholarly journals Chemical Constituents of Eupatorium japonicum and Anti-Inflammatory, Cytotoxic, and Apoptotic Activities of Eupatoriopicrin on Cancer Stem Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Minh Giang Phan ◽  
Thi Thao Do ◽  
Thi Nga Nguyen ◽  
Thi Viet Huong Do ◽  
Ngoc Phuc Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anticancer Agents ◽  
Human Cancer ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Sesquiterpene Lactones ◽  
No Production ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
First Time ◽  
Eupatorium Japonicum

Eupatorium japonicum Thunb. of the plant family Asteraceae is a popular traditional herb in Vietnam. However, its chemical constituents as well as bioactive principles have not been investigated yet. We investigated the phytochemistry of E. japonicum in Vietnam and isolated seventeen compounds (1–17) including phytosterols, terpenoids, phenolic acids, flavonoids, fatty alcohols, and fatty acids. They were structurally determined by MS and NMR analysis. Except for compounds 6 and 12, all the other compounds were identified for the first time from E. japonicum. Since many sesquiterpene lactones with α-methylene γ-lactone ring are reported as anti-inflammatory and anticancer agents, eupatoriopicrin (10), 1-hydroxy-8-(4,5-dihydroxytigloyloxy)eudesma-4(15),11(13)-dien-6,12-olide (11) were selected among the isolates for biological assays. Compound 10 was identified as the main bioactive sesquiterpene lactone of E. japonicum showing its potent anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activity through inhibiting NO production and the growth of HepG2 and MCF-7 human cancer cell lines. For the first time, eupatoriopicrin (10) was demonstrated to strongly inhibit NTERA-2 human cancer stem cell (CSC) line in vitro. It is noticeable that the cytotoxicity of eupatoriopicrin against NTERA-2 cells is mediated by its apoptosis-inducing capability of 10 as demonstrated by the results of Hoechst 33342 staining, flow cytometry apoptosis analysis, and caspase-3 activity assays. The biological activities of the main bioactive constituents 1–7, 10, 12, and 15 supported the reported anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties of extracts from E. japonicum.

scholarly journals Variations in Essential Oil Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Cryptomeria japonica (Thunb. ex L.f.) D. Don from Different Geographical Origins—A Critical Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 11097
Author(s):  
Ana Lima ◽  
Filipe Arruda ◽  
Jorge Medeiros ◽  
José Baptista ◽  
João Madruga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Cryptomeria Japonica ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Forest Biomass ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Endogenous Factors ◽  
Wood Processing ◽  
Social Environmental

The scientific community is paying increasing attention to plant waste valorization, and also to “greener” practices in the agriculture, food and cosmetic sectors. In this context, unused forest biomass (e.g., leaves, seed cones, branches/twigs, bark and sapwood) of Cryptomeria japonica, a commercially important tree throughout Asia and the Azores Archipelago (Portugal), is currently waste/by-products of wood processing that can be converted into eco-friendly and high added-value products, such as essential oils (EOs), with social, environmental and economic impacts. Plant-derived EOs are complex mixtures of metabolites, mostly terpenes and terpenoids, with valuable bioactivities (e.g., antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, neuroprotective, antidepressant, antimicrobial, antiviral and pesticide), which can find applications in several industries, such as pharmaceutical, medical, aromatherapy, food, cosmetic, perfumery, household and agrochemical (e.g., biopesticides), with manifold approaches. The EOs components are also of value for taxonomic investigations. It is known that the variation in EOs chemical composition and, consequently, in their biological activities and commercial use, is due to different exogenous and endogenous factors that can lead to ecotypes or chemotypes in the same plant species. The present paper aims to provide an overview of the chemical composition, biological properties and proposals of valorization of C. japonica EO from several countries, and also to indicate gaps in the current knowledge.

scholarly journals POTENTIAL USES OF THE PEEL AND SEED OF PASSIFLORA EDULIS SIMS F. EDULIS (GULUPA) FROM ITS CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION, ANTIOXIDANT, AND ANTIHYPERTENSIVE FUNCTIONALITIES

2019 ◽  
pp. 104-112
Author(s):  
LAURA GONZÁLEZ ◽  
ANDREE ÁLVAREZ ◽  
ELIZABETH MURILLO ◽  
CARLOS GUERRA ◽  
JONH MÉNDEZ
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Passiflora Edulis ◽  
Agroindustrial Residues ◽  
Agroindustrial Waste

Objective: Assess the performance of a crude ethanolic extract, a dichloromethane fraction and a hydroalcoholic residue, which are the basis for chemically and biologically characterizing the husk and seed of Passiflora edulis f. edulis, collected in the region and Colombia with a view to determining potential uses. Methods: Agroindustrial residues of gulupa (peel and seed) were analyzed through a bromatological study; subsequently, they were macerated with ethanol (96%). The crude ethanolic extract was partitioned with dichloromethane, leaving a hydroalcoholic residue. The content of total phenols, the composition of phytophenols (high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry), the total antioxidant capacity using 3-ethyl benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS●+) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-pyridyl hydrazyl (DPPH●), the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), and the ferric reduction power (FRAP) were determined to the extract, the fraction, and the residue. The evaluation of the inhibitory activity of the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) and the cell viability assay with diphenyl bromide 3- (4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-) il) -2,5-tetrazolium on human leukocytes complemented the characterization. Results: Agroindustrial waste of P. edulis f. edulis, peel and seed, contains as main constituents: Protein (8.49 and 7.29%), fiber (34.2 and 55.7%), phosphorus (1.67 and 3.09), and boron (53.3 and 58.4 mg/kg), respectively. The seed showed 25.5% oil. The crude seed extract exhibited a higher phenolic content (15.34 gEAG/100 g). Likewise, it presented the highest antiradical capacity against ABTS●+ and DPPH● (706.17 and 82.81 trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity [TEAC], respectively) and antioxidant in ORAC and FRAP (142.79 TEAC and 103.63 equivalent ascorbic acid EAA, respectively). The ACEI activity (50% inhibitory concentration 17.62 mg/L) of the crude seed extract was higher than the other samples. No toxicity was found in the samples evaluated at concentrations higher than those of the biological activities manifested. Conclusion: The agroindustrial residues of P. edulis f. edulis (peel and seed) are rich in nutrients, which propose them for use in food matrices. The ethanolic extract from seed showed the highest antioxidant, antiradical, and inhibitory biological activity of the ACEI so that it could be proposed the gulupa seed as a promising phytotherapeutic product associated with its phenolic content, especially its flavonoids. The results obtained allow an added value to the fruit, reducing the chances that its waste contributes to environmental pollution.

scholarly journals Bio-inspired silver selenide nano-chalcogens using aqueous extract of Melilotus officinalis with biological activities

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyedeh Zahra Mirzaei ◽  
Hamed Esmaeil Lashgarian ◽  
Maryam Karkhane ◽  
Kiana Shahzamani ◽  
Alaa Kamil Alhameedawi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Size Range ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Silver Selenide ◽  
Melilotus Officinalis ◽  
Uv Visible ◽  
Dpph Scavenging ◽  
First Time

AbstractFor the first time, an aqueous extract of Melilotus officinalis was used to synthesize bimetallic silver selenide chalcogenide nanostructures (Ag2Se-NCs). The formation of NCs was confirmed and characterized by UV–visible and FTIR spectroscopy, SEM and TEM imaging, XRD and EDX crystallography, zeta potential (ZP) and size distribution (DLS). The bioactivities of biosynthesized Ag2Se-NCs, such as antibacterial, antibiofilm, antioxidant and cytotoxicity potentials, were then examined. Bio-based Ag2Se-NCs were successfully synthesized with mostly spherical shape in the size range of 20–40 nm. Additionally, the MIC and MBC values of Ag2Se-NCs against β-lactam-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853) were 3.12 and 50 µg/ml, respectively. The DPPH scavenging potential of Ag2Se-NCs in terms of IC50 was estimated to be 58.52. Green-synthesized Ag2Se-NCs have been shown to have promising benefits and could be used for biomedical applications. Although the findings indicate promising bioactivity of Ag2Se-NCs synthesized by M. officinalis extract (MO), more studies are required to clarify the comprehensive mechanistic biological activities.

scholarly journals Nitrogen-phosphate Fertilizers Based on Activation of Phosphorite Powder with Partially Ammoniated Mix of Phosphoric and Sulphuric Acids

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
A. A. Rasulov ◽  
Sh. S. Namazov ◽  
B. E. Sultonov
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Optimal Condition ◽  
Ammonium Sulphate ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Phosphate Fertilizers ◽  
First Time ◽  
Phosphoric Acids

In this article obtaining complex nitrogen-phosphate fertilizers based on activation of phosphorite powder with partially ammoniated mix of phosphoric and sulphuric acids have been studied. In order to reduce the foaming of the process, for the first time a partially ammoniated mix of acids was used. The optimal technological parameters for activation phosphorite powder with partially neutralized mixes of sulphuric and phosphoric acids are the followings: the mix of sulphuric and phosphoric acids with a ratio of SО3:Р2О5 = 1.2; рН of acids – 2.5; weight ratio of ammonium sulphate-phosphate slurry towards phosphorite powder is 100 : 20; temperature is 60°С; duration is 30 min.  The composition nitrogen-phosphate fertilizers obtained in optimal condition contains (wt., %): N – 11.55; Р2О5total -24.61; Р2О5acceptable by citric acid -21.66; Р2О5 acceptable by EDTA -20.24; Р2О5water-soluble  -13.02; CaOtotal -13.59; СаОacceptable by citric acid -11.43. In that condition, granulated products of nitrogen-phosphate can be produced with high strength. The advantage of offered promising technology concludes in reduction two times expenditure of the most expensive ammonia in comparison with ammonium sulphate production and an increase in gross domestic product.

scholarly journals Exploitation of Agro-Industrial Waste as Potential Source of Bioactive Compounds for Aquaculture

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 843
Author(s):  
Nayely Leyva-López ◽  
Cynthia E. Lizárraga-Velázquez ◽  
Crisantema Hernández ◽  
Erika Y. Sánchez-Gutiérrez
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Bodies Of Water

The agroindustry generates a large amount of waste. In postharvest, food losses can reach up to 50%. This waste represents a source of contamination of soil, air, and bodies of water. This represents a problem for the environment as well as for public health. However, this waste is an important source of bioactive compounds, such as phenolic compounds, terpenes, and β-glucans, among others. Several biological activities have been attributed to these compounds; for example, antioxidant, antimicrobial, gut microbiota, and immune system modulators. These properties have been associated with improvements in health. Recently, the approach of using these bioactive compounds as food additives for aquaculture have been addressed, where it is sought that organisms, in addition to growing, preserve their health and become disease resistant. The exploitation of agro-industrial waste as a source of bioactive compounds for aquaculture has a triple objective—to provide added value to production chains, reduce pollution, and improve the well-being of organisms through nutrition. However, to make use of the waste, it is necessary to revalue them, mainly by determining their biological effects in aquaculture organisms. The composition of bioactive compounds of agro-industrial wastes, their biological properties, and their application in aquaculture will be addressed here.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document