Impact of Plastic Labelling, Coloring and Printing on Material Value Conservation in the Products of Secondary Recycling

2018 ◽  
Vol 773 ◽  
pp. 384-389
Author(s):  
Djoko Sihono Gabriel ◽  
Jimmy Maulana
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Plastic Material ◽  
Selling Price ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Plastic Packaging ◽  
Relevant Evidence ◽  
Printing Ink ◽  
Plastic Pellets

Flexible plastic packaging which rejected or with low acceptance as raw materials for secondary recycling need relevant evidence and explanation of its cause, and then, need a systemic solution on how to increase the acceptance level. Coloring and printing on flexible plastic packaging were predicted as the significant source of impurity that reduces the value of plastic material at the end of packaging life cycle. Otherwise, optimum use of label or sticker as printing media for informational and promotional purpose on the packaging proposed as a key solution in material value conservation. The existing practices which focused on how to manage abundant plastic waste generation, replaced by a new paradigm which focused on how avoid waste generation by conserving the material value systematically. This research revealed that flexible plastic packaging materials with no color pigment and no printing ink were suitable for secondary recycling to produce high quality of recycled plastic pellets and leverage the selling price. Therefore, labelling on the surface of packaging that protect purity of the material can be considered as one of methods in the implementation of material value conservation on flexible plastic packaging. Another benefits of the implementation of material value conservation are to improve the utilization of virgin plastic and its recycled plastic pellets as raw materials with better quality.

Effect of Repetitive Recycling on the Optical Properties of Polypropylene Based on Material Value Conservation Paradigm

2021 ◽  
Vol 1032 ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
Ahmad Fachrizal ◽  
Tiara Verita Yastica ◽  
Djoko Sihono Gabriel
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Viable Alternative ◽  
Selling Price ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Plastic Packaging ◽  
Previous Evidence ◽  
American Society ◽  
Plastic Pellets

Good quality of plastic packaging waste has the potential to be recycled, as it can be used as raw material for the next packaging products. Recycling is preeminent due to the grave necessity of decreasing plastic production rate, especially for packaging industries which are known to use more plastic compared to other sectors. Material value conservation is a new paradigm which can be implemented through a new category of design for recycling in order to avoid value degradation. Implementations of this paradigm has produced better quality processed plastic waste with higher selling price. Applied with this paradigm, recycled plastic pellets can be a viable alternative as raw material based on its mechanical properties, even after the 8th stage of recycling. This study aims to reveal the effect of repetitive recycling on the optical properties of polypropylene with implementation of material value conservation paradigm, to strengthen previous evidence of the implementation of the material value conservation paradigm on plastic packaging whether repetitive recycling plastic packaging can be a viable alternative as raw material based on its optical properties. Optical properties observed in this research were based on the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standards, which are consisted of colour (ASTM D2244), gloss (ASTM D2457) and transparency (ASTM D1746). The result of this study indicated that even after the 8th stage of recycling, plastic pellet of polypropylene still can be a viable alternative as raw material based on its optical properties, with more attention on transparency property.

Plastic Packaging Material Value Conservation and Evident of the Consumers’ Acceptance

2018 ◽  
Vol 773 ◽  
pp. 390-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Djoko Sihono Gabriel ◽  
Dadang Isnandar ◽  
Andreanos Jeremia
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Factor Loading ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Plastic Packaging ◽  
Current Design ◽  
Plastic Pellets

Virgin plastic pellets are widely used as raw materials in flexible plastic packaging which generate abundant postconsumer plastic waste. The widespread use of recycled plastic pellets as raw materials will reduce plastic waste generation significantly. However, substitution of virgin materials need high quality of recycled plastic pellets which produced from good quality of plastic waste. Design for material value conservation in this case study was a trial implementation of design principles of plastic bag in order to minimize its value degradation of plastic waste, and therefore increase its acceptance by plastic recycling industries. A Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) with Lisrel 8.8 software used as tool of analysis in evaluating consumer acceptance of the two types of design paradigm, current design and material value conservation based design. The results indicated that consumers accepted both type of packaging. With final standard factor loading, the proposed design indicated slightly better correlation coefficients: 0.46 for Ease of Information Delivery and 0.74 for Informational Content variables, better than current design with 0.44 and 0.73 coefficients. Widespread implementation of design for material value conservation will save virgin plastic consumption for plastic packaging production, reduce plastic waste generation as well as support material resource conservation in a better condition of environment. The social and economic benefit will also be obtained as multiplier effect of material value conservation.

Repetitive Implementation of Material Value Conservation and its Effects on the Mechanical Properties of Plastic Recycling Products

2018 ◽  
Vol 936 ◽  
pp. 116-120
Author(s):  
Rahmat Nurcahyo ◽  
Djoko Sihono Gabriel ◽  
Wakhid L. Ikhsan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Plastic Packaging ◽  
Plastic Recycling ◽  
Design Activities ◽  
Contaminated Waste ◽  
American Society ◽  
Plastic Pellets

Impurity and contaminated waste of flexible plastic packaging will not be viable as raw materials for secondary recycling. This problem could be avoided by repetitive implementation of material value conservation through material purity protection since the product design activities up to the end of packaging life cycle. This paradigm also creates new sequential life cycles of products rather than once when only virgin materials were used as raw materials. With repetitive implementation of material value conservation and serial testing in a polymer laboratory, a type of virgin plastic pellet recycled up to the 8th stage of secondary recycling, and then the mechanical properties of materials tested according to the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standards. This research revealed that flexible plastic packaging materials that managed by Material Value Conservation (MVC) implementations were suitable for secondary recycling in producing the viable quality of recycled plastic pellets in mechanical properties measures, and leverage the potential of virgin plastic pellets utilization. Because of MVC implementations protected the purity of materials intensively, and then increased the value of recycled plastic pellets as raw materials for the new life cycle of plastic products.

scholarly journals ANALISIS QUALITY CONTROL MUTU MINYAK KELAPA SAWIT DI PT. PERKEBUNAN LEMBAH BHAKTI ACEH SINGKIL

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-78
Author(s):  
Yulianto
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Production Process ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Selling Price ◽  
Average Quality ◽  
A Company

This study aims to determine the analysis of the quality control of palm oil quality in PT. Lembah Bhakti Aceh Singkil Plantation. The function of implementing quality control is to control the quality of the initial input in the form of completion of raw materials, the production process, to the process of output of finished goods. This study uses several methods, namely filtration and titration. The average quality of palm oil at FFA levels ranges from 3.39 to 4.97 with a max.3 standard, a moisture content ranging from 0.12 to 0.3% with a max standard. 0.2%, and impurities levels ranged from 0.015-0.025% with the max standard. 0.02%. Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that the measurement of quality control that is carried out is very influential in product quality, so that it can affect the income. Where the income of a company depends on the CPO oil selling price in PMKS PT. Perkebunan Lembah Bhakti. The selling value in marketing is very dependent on the quality of the CPO.

Material Value Conservation: Development of Design Criteria for Rigid Plastic Packaging

2018 ◽  
Vol 936 ◽  
pp. 110-115
Author(s):  
Djoko Sihono Gabriel ◽  
Muhammad Habiburrahman ◽  
Palito J. Endthen
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Design Criteria ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Rigid Plastic ◽  
Plastic Packaging ◽  
Packaging Design ◽  
Recycling Industry ◽  
Plastic Recycling ◽  
Printing Ink

Inappropriate plastic packaging design with excessive use of color and printing ink affected to the high cost of sorting, separation and cleaning, and low acceptance level of plastic waste for secondary recycling. This research proposed design for material value conservation which elaborated with a set of design criteria for rigid plastic packaging production as key solution in avoiding value degradation of the plastic waste. The existing design criteria of products have various approach which affected on how to manage abundant plastic waste with no or very low value of materials that has been generated by daily consumption of plastic packaging. Otherwise, the proposed design criteria conserve the material value systematically which make the post use materials of plastic packaging more financially feasible as raw materials in plastic recycling industry. Widespread implementation of the new design criteria in industry will generate broader impact and more benefits in economic, social and environment, especially for countries or regions with high density of people and high consumption rate of conserved products.

scholarly journals Analysis of the marketing channels of Coffee

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-28
Author(s):  
Fery Murtiningrum ◽  
Gracia Gabrienda
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Marketing Channel ◽  
Production Quality ◽  
Marketing Channels ◽  
Selling Price ◽  
Coffee Production ◽  
Coffee Plantations ◽  
Marketing Margins

In Bengkulu Province, the area of coffee plantations reached 124,510 hectares spread in several districts with production reaching 60,790.08 tons per year (BPS, 2018). Most coffee production (Coffea Spp) is produced by smallholder farmers. Nearly a quarter of the coffee production was produced by Rejang Lebong Regency, namely: 13,459 tons with a total plantation area of 27,828.12 hectares of coffee plantations. Constraints in the development of coffee are in the case of coffee marketing channels that have not been maximized by farmers, transportation due to the topography of the area and the location of the factory that is far away, low marketing production, quality of coffee (quality ), and capital that influences the selling price of the coffee. This situation is certainly inseparable from the influence of the factors of the coffee industry production itself, namely in the form of capital, raw materials, labor, transportation, marketing and income of business owners that also affect the income of workers. For this reason, researchers are interested in researching the marketing channels of Coffee in Rejang Regency. Lebong, and analyze the efficiency of the Coffee marketing channel in Rejang Lebong Regency. From the results of the study, it was found that the coffee marketing channel occurred in Rejang Lebong Regency had 5 types of marketing channels. Marketing margins and the biggest profits are obtained by large traders.

scholarly journals Mechanical Properties of Commercial Recycled Polypropylene from Plastic Waste

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Utami Handayani ◽  
Muhamad Fahrudin ◽  
Wiji Mangestiyono ◽  
Alaya Fadlu Hadi Muhamad
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Yield Stress ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Ultimate Tensile Stress ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Recycled Polypropylene ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
Plastic Pellets

In Indonesia increasing the use of plastic will increase plastic waste because waste management in Indonesia is still poor. Plastics can be recycled and used to make plastic bags, toys and various household utensils, but their use is still very limited. This limitation is because the strength of recycled plastic is not as good as virgin plastic pellets, so the resulting product tends to be brittle. This study aims to determine the mechanical properties of plastics made from recycled polypropylene plastic. Five specimens are made according to the ASTM D 638 type II standard. The results show that yield strength is 16.357±2.65 MPa, elastic modulus 295,926 ± 41,97 MPa and ultimate tensile stress 19,701±1,261 MPa. The yield stress of recycled polypropylene has a lower value than the yield stress on recycled polypropylene studied by Abdelhaleem et.al or Barbosa et.al which is around 21 MPa[7][5]. This difference is possible due to the different quality of raw materials and processing.

TECHNOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF HIGH QUALITY RAW MATERIAL OBTAINING FOR PECTIN PRODUCTION

1970 ◽  
pp. 47-50
Author(s):  
I. A. Ilina ◽  
I. A. Machneva ◽  
E. S. Bakun
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Thermal Characteristics ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Temperature Conductivity ◽  
Drying Temperature ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Gel Forming Ability

  The article is devoted to the study of the chemical composition, physical and thermal-pfysical characteristics of damp apple pomaces and the identifying patterns of influence of drying temperature the functional composition and gel-forming ability of pectin. The research is aimed at obtaining initial data for the subsequent calculation of the main technological, hydro-mechanical, thermal, structural and economic characteristics of devices for drying the plant raw materials, ensuring the environmental safety and high quality of pectin-containing raw materials, the reducing heat and energy costs. As a result of the study of the thermal characteristics of apple pomaces, the critical points (temperature conductivity – 16.5 x 10-8 m2/s, thermal conductivity – 0.28 W/m K, heat capacity – 1627 j/(kg K)) at a humidity of 56 % are determined, which characterizing the transition from the extraction of weakly bound moisture to the extraction of moisture with strong bonds (colloidal, adsorption). It was found that the pomaces obtained from apples of late ripening have a higher content of solids (21-23 %), soluble pectin and protopectin (2.5-4.5 %). Dried pomaces obtained from apple varieties of late ripening contain up to 25 % pectin, which allow us to recommend them as a source of raw materials for the production of pectin. The optimum modes of preliminary washing of raw materials are offered, allowing to the remove the ballast substances as much as possible. It is established that when the drying temperature increases, the destructive processes are catalyzed: the strength of the pectin jelly and the uronide component and the degree of pectin esterification are reduced. The optimum drying temperature of damp apple pomaces is 80 0C, at which the quality of pectin extracted from the dried raw materials is maintained as much as possible. It is shown that the most effective for the pectin production is a fraction with a particle size of 3-5 mm, which allow us to extract up to 71 % of pectin from raw materials.

STRATEGI MENINGKATKAN LOYALITAS KONSUMEN MAKANAN KHAS KOTA CURUP KABUPATEN REJANG LEBONG

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Onsardi Onsardi
Keyword(s):  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Consumer Loyalty ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
The Public ◽  
Typical Food ◽  
Internal And External Factors

The title of this study is the Strategy of Increasing Consumer Food Loyalty in CurupCity, Rejang Lebong Regency (Case Study in "Henvian" Typical Food Industry). Thisresearch is based on the importance of strategies in increasing business and consumerloyalty to products sold.Strategies to increase business and consumer loyalty can bedone with a SWOT analysis. Place of this research is the "Henvian" shop that sellstypical Rejang lebong food. The method used in this study is descriptive qualitative.Informants in this study were people who were considered to know for certain about theHENVIAN Specialty Food Store in Curup City, Rejang Lebong Regency. The dataanalysis technique used in this study is a SWOT analysis to determine the strengths,weaknesses, opportunities and threats in a typical Rejang Lebong food business.By using SWOT analysis techniques that consist of strengths (weakness), weaknesses(weakness), opportunities (opportnity) and threats (threath). The results of this studycan be concluded that the internal factors that are the strength of the marketing strategyare the quality of the product that is good at a price affordable to the public andtourists, service that is friendly and responsive to consumer needs, as well astechnological advancements that facilitate the promotion of business. Internal factorsthat are a weakness are often lack of stock, there are some products that do not meet thestandard packaging, the product shelf life is short, employees do not use uniforms.External factors that become opportunities are a fairly high economic community,abundant raw materials while external factors that are a threat are the manycompetitors, an unstable economy, the price of basic needs increases. Based on theresults of the SWOT analysis of internal and external factors, the strategy used is toimprove product quality by improving the appearance of packaging and quality ofcontent and quality of service by providing uniforms to employees and providingstandards of service to consumers. .Keywords: Strategy, Consumer Loyalty, SWOT

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