Use of Nepheline-Syenite, Talc and Kaolinitic Clay to Obtain Ceramic Tiles

2010 ◽  
Vol 660-661 ◽  
pp. 675-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kênia Oliveira Teixeira ◽  
Sérgio Neves Monteiro ◽  
Carlos Maurício Fontes Vieira
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Ceramic Tile ◽  
Nepheline Syenite ◽  
Linear Shrinkage ◽  
Uniaxial Pressure ◽  
Ceramic Tiles ◽  
Standard Specification ◽  
Three Point Bending ◽  
Kaolinitic Clay ◽  
Density Linear

This work has for objective to obtain vitrified ceramic tiles by adding nepheline-syenite flux and talc to a kaolinitic clay from Campos dos Goytacazes. Specimens were prepared by uniaxial pressure at 30 MPa followed by firing at 1100, 1150 and 1200oC. The fired specimens were submitted to the following tests: bulk density, linear shrinkage, three point bending mechanical strength and water absorption. The microstructure of the ceramic was evaluated by SEM. The results showed that the incorporation of nepheline-syenite and talc significantly enhanced the properties of the clay making it possible to attain the standard specification corresponding to vitrified ceramic tile.

Incorporation of Granite Waste into Vitrified Ceramic Tiles

2006 ◽  
Vol 530-531 ◽  
pp. 467-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Maurício Fontes Vieira ◽  
Sérgio Neves Monteiro
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Ceramic Tile ◽  
Cylindrical Specimen ◽  
Linear Shrinkage ◽  
Uniaxial Pressure ◽  
Ceramic Tiles ◽  
Tile Body ◽  
Density Linear ◽  
Scanning Electron

The incorporation of a granite waste into a vitrified ceramic tile body was investigated. The granite waste came from an industry of stone sawing operations located in the municipal area of Santo Antônio de Pádua, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The investigated compositions were elaborated substituting partially and totally the feldspar by the granite waste. Cylindrical specimen were prepared by uniaxial pressure at 30 MPa and then fired at temperatures varying from 1050 to 1200oC. Fired properties such as bulk density, linear shrinkage, water absorption and diametrical compression were determined. The microstructure of fired samples was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that the replacement of feldspar by granite waste promoted a better vitrification, decreasing the open porosity and increasing the mechanical strength.

Recycling of Steel Sludge into Red Ceramic

2006 ◽  
Vol 530-531 ◽  
pp. 544-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.M. Andrade ◽  
Carlos Maurício Fontes Vieira ◽  
Sérgio Neves Monteiro ◽  
F. Vernilli Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Linear Shrinkage ◽  
Uniaxial Pressure ◽  
Technological Properties ◽  
Sludge Waste ◽  
Kaolinitic Clay ◽  
Density Linear

The present paper has for objective to evaluate the effect of fine steel sludge waste incorporation on the properties and microstructure of a kaolinitic clayey body used to the fabrication of bricks and roofing tiles. Compositions were prepared with additions of waste of 0, 5 and 10 wt.% in a kaolinitic clay from the county of Campos dos Goytacazes, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. To determine the technological properties such as bulk density, linear shrinkage, water absorption and flexural strength, specimens were prepared by uniaxial pressure at 20 MPa and then fired in a laboratory furnace at 700°C, 900°C and 1100°C. The microstructure of the fired specimen was evaluated by SEM. The results showed that the incorporation up to 10 wt. % of fine steel sludge does not change the ceramic properties, specially, at low temperatures. Hence, the recycling of steel sludge into red ceramic fabrication can be considered as an environmentally correct solution for the final disposal of this type of waste.

Microstructural Analysis of Petroleum Waste Containing Ceramic Tile

2008 ◽  
Vol 591-593 ◽  
pp. 845-848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno C.A. Pinheiro ◽  
J.N.F. Holanda
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Microstructural Evolution ◽  
Ceramic Tile ◽  
Sintered Density ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Microstructural Analysis ◽  
Linear Shrinkage ◽  
Ceramic Tiles ◽  
Petroleum Waste ◽  
Materials Used

In this work is done a study on the sintered microstructure of ceramic tile paste incorporated with petroleum waste. The raw materials used were kaolin, sodic feldspar, quartz and petroleum waste. The ceramic tiles containing up to 5 wt% petroleum waste were prepared by uniaxial pressing and sintered at 1200°C. The microstructural evolution was examined by SEM. In addition, water absorption, linear shrinkage, and sintered density were determined. The results showed that the microstructure of the ceramic tiles is influenced by the added petroleum waste.

scholarly journals Relaxation of ceramic tile stresses generated by fast drying: a kinetic model

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Amorós ◽  
V. Cantavella ◽  
E. Blasco
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Stress Relaxation ◽  
Kinetic Model ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Ceramic Tile ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Ceramic Tiles ◽  
Relaxation Kinetic ◽  
Dry Conditions

Abstract Unfired tile mechanical properties are very important in the ceramic tile manufacturing process. Inadequate mechanical properties lead to rejects (both in unfired and fired tiles). Unfired tile mechanical strength changes significantly after the tiles exit the industrial dryer. This behaviour can be explained by assuming that the fast-drying process generates stresses in the tile, which subsequently relax. A kinetic model has been derived, based on Maxwell’s viscoelastic elements, which explains the development of dried tile mechanical strength. This increases asymptotically when the dried tiles are stored in dry conditions. However, if tiles adsorb humidity (upon exiting the dryer), tile mechanical strength rises and then decreases. This is the result of two opposing phenomena: stress relaxation raises mechanical strength while the concurrent rise in moisture content lowers mechanical strength. The developed model successfully describes this joint mechanical behaviour. Keywords: ceramic tiles, fast drying, stress relaxation, kinetic model

The Use of Granite and Kaolin Residues as Raw Materials to Obtain Ceramic Tile

2006 ◽  
Vol 530-531 ◽  
pp. 432-437
Author(s):  
M.A.F. Ramalho ◽  
R.R. Almeida ◽  
Lisiane Navarro de Lima Santana ◽  
Hélio Lucena Lira ◽  
H.C. Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Apparent Density ◽  
Ceramic Tile ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Industrial Process ◽  
Linear Shrinkage ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Mechanical Resistance ◽  
Ceramic Tiles ◽  
Roof Tile

Recycling of residues from different industrial process as new raw materials has been studied by several institutions to be applied in the production of ceramic bricks, roof tile. The aim of this work is to study the potentiality of the residues from granite and kaolin industries as raw materials to obtain ceramic tile. The raw materials were fired at temperatures of 1100oC, 1120oC and 1150oC. After fired the specimens were submitted to a physical and mechanical tests, such as, linear shrinkage, mechanical resistance, water absorption and apparent density. The results show that the residues can be used in the composition of the paste to produce ceramic tiles.

Comparison of Firing of the a Mass for Ceramic Tiles in Laboratory and Industrial Furnace

2014 ◽  
Vol 805 ◽  
pp. 547-552
Author(s):  
Roberto Arruda Lima Soares ◽  
J.R. de S. Castro
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
Thermal Analyses ◽  
Linear Shrinkage ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Industrial Furnace ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Ceramic Tiles ◽  
Laboratory Furnace

The present study aims to examine the differences obtained in the technological properties of a ceramic formulation for tile after firing in two different environments, laboratory furnace and industrial furnace. For this, the ceramic formulation used in the production of semi-porous ceramic tile was characterized. Chemical, mineralogical and thermal analyses in the ceramic formulation were performed. The specimens were obtained by compacting and fired at maximum temperature of 1140 o C in laboratory and industrial furnaces. The technological tests performed were linear shrinkage, water absorption, bulk density and mechanical strength. Microstructure was assessed through X-ray diffraction analysis and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that the different furnaces provided significant differences in the specimens analyzed such as higher mechanical strength and lower water absorption in samples fired in laboratory furnace, for example.

Reformulation of a Kaolinitic Clay Ceramic Body with Sand and Flux Clay for Roofing Tiles Production

2012 ◽  
Vol 727-728 ◽  
pp. 965-970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Maurício Fontes Vieira ◽  
Sérgio Neves Monteiro
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Rupture Strength ◽  
Ceramic Body ◽  
Linear Shrinkage ◽  
Flexural Behavior ◽  
Ceramic Product ◽  
Technological Properties ◽  
Kaolinitic Clay ◽  
Press Molding

A ceramic body traditionally used to produce bricks and roofing tiles was reformulated by the addition of sand and illitic clay. The objective was to obtain a ceramic product with better technological properties. Specimens were made by uniaxial press-molding at 20 MPa and then fired at temperatures varying from 850 to 1100°C. The determined technological properties were: linear shrinkage, water absorption and flexural rupture strength. The results showed that both sand and illitic clay contribute to reduce the water absorption of the industrial clayey body. With respect to the flexural behavior, it was observed that the incorporation of sand decreased the mechanical strength. On the other hand, the illitic, incorporated in an amounts of 30 wt.% contributed to increase the mechanical strength of the clayey ceramic.

scholarly journals Modelling Porosity Permeability of Ceramic Tiles using Fuzzy Taguchi Method

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1111-1114
Author(s):  
Abdullah Hulusi Kokcam ◽  
Özer Uygun ◽  
Mehmet Fatih Taskin ◽  
Halil Ibrahim Demir ◽  
Zeynep Demir
Keyword(s):  
Taguchi Method ◽  
Product Development ◽  
Ceramic Tile ◽  
Fuzzy Numbers ◽  
Experiment Design ◽  
Quality Development ◽  
Triangular Fuzzy Numbers ◽  
Ceramic Tiles ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Taguchi Experiment Design

AbstractTaguchi experiment design in quality development studies, is an approach to engineering that supports research and development, product design and product development activities by enabling fewer trials of experiments to determine the best combinations of inputs that affect the outcome. In this study, the factors affecting the porosity were studied in a firm that produces ceramic tile. There were 6 factors considered to be important in total and 2 levels in each factor. L8 orthogonal array were used during the experiment design, which proposes 8 experiment types with different factor levels. The results of the experiments were analyzed so that important factors were determined. Significance of factors were tested by ANOVA and 4 of them were found to be significant. These factors were fuzzified by assessing the factors using linguistic expressions and then triangular fuzzy numbers. A model with 4 inputs and 1 output was built and 34 rules were generated for this model. The developed model was shown to be a useful approach in modeling the porosity permeability of ceramic tiles.

Finite-element modelling of thermo-mechanical stress distribution in laser beam ceramic tile grout sealing process

2006 ◽  
Vol 220 (10) ◽  
pp. 1497-1508 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Liaqat ◽  
S Safdar ◽  
M A Sheikh
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Stress Distribution ◽  
Laser Beam ◽  
Mechanical Stress ◽  
Ceramic Tile ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Ceramic Tiles ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Heat Effects

Laser tile grout sealing is a special process in which voids between the adjoining ceramic tiles are sealed by a laser beam. This process has been developed by Lawrence and Li using a customized grout material and a high power diode laser (HPDL). The process has been optimally carried out at laser powers of 60–120 W and at scanning speeds of 3–15 mm/s. Modelling of the laser tile grout sealing process is a complex task as it involves a moving laser beam and five different materials: glazed enamel, grout material, ceramic tile, epoxy bedding, and ordinary Portland cement substrate. This article presents the finite element model (FEM) of the laser tile grout sealing process. The main aim of this model is to accurately predict the thermo-mechanical stress distribution induced by the HPDL beam in the process. For an accurate representation of the process, the laser was modelled as a moving heat source. A three-dimensional transient thermal analysis was carried out to determine the temperature distribution. Temperature-dependent material properties and latent heat effects, due to melting and solidification of the glazed enamel, were taken into account in the FEM, thereby allowing a more realistic and accurate thermal analysis. The results of the thermal analysis were used as an input for the stress analysis with temperature-dependent mechanical properties. The results obtained from the FEM are compared with the published experimental results.

scholarly journals Sustainable Ceramic Materials Manufactured from Ceramic Formulations Containing Quartzite and Scheelite Tailings

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (22) ◽  
pp. 9417
Author(s):  
Jucielle Veras Fernandes ◽  
Danyelle Garcia Guedes ◽  
Fabiana Pereira da Costa ◽  
Alisson Mendes Rodrigues ◽  
Gelmires de Araújo Neves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rio Grande ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Linear Shrinkage ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Ceramic Tiles ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Mining Companies ◽  
Ceramic Samples ◽  
Sustainable Materials ◽  
Mineralogical Phases

In this study, we develop ceramic formulations based on quartzite and scheelite tailings collected from mining companies in the northeast of Brazil (Rio Grande do Norte State). New ceramic samples (27 wt% of kaolin, 29 wt% of plastic clay, 11 wt% of quartzite tailing, and 0–8 wt% scheelite tailing) were uniaxially pressed in two steps (20 MPa and 50 Mpa for 20 s); dried at 110 °C for 24 h; and sintered at 1150 °C, 1200 °C, and 1250 °C. The main mineralogical phases (mullite, quartz, calcite, and anorthite) of the sintered samples were identified using X-ray diffraction (XRD). After evaluation of the physical-mechanical properties (water absorption, linear shrinkage, apparent porosity, and flexural strength), it was observed that the incorporation of scheelite tailing by up to 8 wt% did not significantly alter the properties of samples sintered at all temperatures. Our results indicate that the new ceramics formulations developed have strong potentials in manufacturing sustainable materials such as ceramic tiles and porcelain stoneware.

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