scholarly journals Contribution of street food on dietary acrylamide exposure by youth aged nineteen to thirty in Perugia, Italy

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Serena Altissimi ◽  
Rossana Roila ◽  
Raffaella Branciari ◽  
Dino Miraglia ◽  
David Ranucci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Dietary Exposure ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Street Food ◽  
Consumption Data ◽  
Dose Limits ◽  
Dietary Acrylamide ◽  
Youth Population ◽  
The Mean

Acrylamide dietary intakes from selected street foods in youth population are estimated. The intake evaluation was carried out by combining levels of acrylamide in food, analytically determined by high performance liquid chromatography, with individual consumption data recorded using a questionnaire applied to a group of 200 students aged 19 to 30. The mean value of acrylamide exposure was recorded to be 0.452 μg/kg bw/day, while the average intakes at 50th and 95th percentile were 0.350 μg/kg bw/day and 1.539 μg/kg bw/day, respectively. The street food categories that contributed the most to acrylamide intake are pizza and French fries. The margins of exposure, based on benchmark dose limits defined for neoplastic effects and peripheral neuropathy, are within the range of values that indicate a concern for public health as defined by European Authority for Food Safety (EFSA), confirming the needed effort to reduce acrylamide dietary exposure.

scholarly journals Dietary acrylamide intake by potato crisps consumers: A case of Nairobi County

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 871-878
Author(s):  
George Ooko Abong ◽  
Jackline Akinyi Ogolla ◽  
Michael Wandayi Okoth ◽  
Bruno De Meulenaer ◽  
Jackson Ntongai Kabira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Probabilistic Approach ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Potato Crisps ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Consumption Data ◽  
Dietary Acrylamide ◽  
The Mean

AbstractThe levels of acrylamide intake because of potato crisps consumption remains unknown in Kenyan context. This study assessed the exposure to acrylamide because of consumption of potato crisps in Nairobi, Kenya. A cross-sectional survey was carried out among 315 crisps consumers in Nairobi, and consumption patterns were collected using a pre-tested structured 7-day recall questionnaire. A total of 43 branded and 15 unbranded potato crisps samples were purchased in triplicates of 100 g and acrylamide was quantified using a gas chromatograph with a flame ionization detector. Consumption data were combined with the data on acrylamide contents from which dietary acrylamide intake was calculated using a probabilistic approach based on @Risk TopRank 6 risk analysis software for excel. The mean estimated acrylamide intake was 1.57 µg/kg body weight (BW) per day while the 95th (P95) percentile was 5.1 µg/kg BW per day, with margins of exposures (MOE) being 197 and 61, respectively. The intake of acrylamide was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in unbranded crisps with a mean value of 2.26 and 95th percentile of 6.54 µg/kg BW per day, MOE being 137 and 47, respectively. There were extremely lower MOE indicating higher exposure to acrylamide by the consumers mainly because of the higher acrylamide contents in potato crisps, and hence the need for mitigation measures.

Survey of cholesterol level of commercial eggs produced on Canadian farms

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 205-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siew Lian Chung ◽  
L. K. Ferrier ◽  
E. J. Squires
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Protein ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Cholesterol Content ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Key Words Cholesterol ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Selection Of

A survey of the cholesterol levels of eggs from White Leghorn hens from across Canada was performed. High-performance liquid chromatography was used for cholesterol analysis. The cholesterol concentrations were found to range from 12 to 15 mg g−1 yolk, and the mean value for all eggs was 13.0 mg g−1 or 221 mg egg−1. Large eggs (35 out of 56) contained an average of 214 mg cholesterol egg−1. The effect of farm on cholesterol concentration (mg g−1 yolk) was significant (P < 0.05) and in most cases sample variation (P < 0.05) was found within each farm. Cholesterol content (mg egg−1) correlated positively with hen age, egg weight and yolk weight and negatively with dietary protein and fat. However, correlation of cholesterol concentration (mg g−1 yolk) with the above variables was not significant (P < 0.05). Selection of eggs for lower cholesterol content appears impractical under commercial operating conditions at this time. Key words: Cholesterol, Canadian, chicken egg

scholarly journals Nutrients: trace metals, micronutrients, oestrogen and B-vitamin content of Osun River: A River that runs southwestern Nigeria into the Atlantic Gulf of Guinea

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.B. Afolabi-Balogun ◽  
O.A. Oni-Babalola ◽  
I.I. Adeleke ◽  
F.A. Oseni ◽  
R.H. Bello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metal ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Southwestern Nigeria ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Nutrient Contents ◽  
Toxicological Effect ◽  
The Mean ◽  
B Vitamin

AbstractOsun-Osogbo Grove has a long history of healing and therapeutic claims by adherent believers, in spite of advancement in medicine. Scientists made attempts at investigating the biodiversity of the Grove, till date, there has not been convergence point between science and these indigenous beliefs. This study identified the presence of therapeutic agents in the water of Osun-Osogbo River, paying attention to at least six parameters; vitamin, phosphate, nitrate, amino acid, hormone and trace metal. Water samples were taken from two different sites during pre, during and post raining sessions (April 2017 - September 2019) were analysed using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS) and Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (AAS). Trace metal analysis revealed an average of 0.009-0.079 mg/Kg Zinc from site one and lower in site two. The mean value of manganese at both sites was virtually the same at 0.018-0.313 mg/kg, aluminum content was 0.045-0.179mg/Kg at site one, 0.050-0.192mg/kg at site two, cobalt was 0.024 mg/kg at site one, 0.026 mg/kg at site two while nickel was 0.006 mg/kg and 0.004 mg/kg for site one and two respectively. HPLC analysis shows mean Methionine content at both sites is higher than the FDA (56.6 ug/mL); site one had 74.41 ug/mL while site two had 57.11 ug/mL The mean values of two water-soluble vitamins; Thiamine (B1) was 3.758 mg/Kg and 2.355 mg/Kg while Pyridoxine (B6) was 0.108 mg/Kg and 0.072 mg/Kg at site one and two. GCMS analysis of steroidal content revealed values below lowest observed effect level (LOEL), testosterone (4.8 ng/L) and estrogen (2.4 ng/L) were still elevated while ethinylestradiol and estriol were ≥1.5 ng/L. Summarily, site one the major part for spiritual activities showed higher essential nutrient contents than site two which support the enrichment and potential therapeutic properties of the Osun river water. However, further scientific research is required to ensure that these therapeutic potentials supersede the toxicological effect.

Transfer of aflatoxins from naturally contaminated feed to milk of Nili-Ravi buffaloes fed a mycotoxin binder

2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (10) ◽  
pp. 1637 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Aslam ◽  
I. Rodrigues ◽  
D. M. McGill ◽  
H. M. Warriach ◽  
A. Cowling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Aflatoxin M1 ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Daily Concentration ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Carry Over

The objectives of this study were to observe the extent of transfer of aflatoxin B1 in feed to the aflatoxin M1 metabolite in milk in Nili-Ravi buffaloes and to evaluate the efficacy of a commercial mycotoxin binder (Mycofix, Biomin Singapore) incorporated into feed to minimise this transfer. Multiparous animals (n = 28) were randomly distributed to four groups corresponding to two treatments each with two levels of aflatoxin B1. Individual animals were exposed to naturally contaminated feed providing a total of 1475 µg/day (Groups A and B) or 2950 µg/day (Groups C and D) of aflatoxin B1. Groups B and D were given 50 g of mycotoxin binder daily mixed with feed whereas Groups A and C were kept as controls. Feed samples were analysed by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography for aflatoxin B1 and milk samples were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the liver metabolite aflatoxin M1. The mean value of total daily aflatoxin M1 excretion for animals fed 2950 µg/day of aflatoxin B1 (112.6 µg/day) was almost double (P < 0.001) than the excretion in buffaloes fed 1475 µg/day (62.2 µg/day). The mean daily concentration of aflatoxin M1 in milk of animals from both treatment groups supplemented with 50 g/day of mycotoxin binder was 76.5 µg/day, nearly 22 µg lower than those without binder at 98.3 µg/day (s.e.d. = 5.99: P < 0.01). The interaction of binder and treatment was not significant i.e. the 50 g/day of binder was able to sequester aflatoxin B1 with the same efficiency in groups fed with high and low concentrations of aflatoxin B1. Carry over was (3.44%) lower (P = 0.001) in animals supplemented with 50 g/day of mycotoxin binder than those fed no binder (4.60%). Thus buffaloes are highly efficient at transferring aflatoxins in feed to the aflatoxin M1 metabolite in milk, whereas mycotoxin binder is capable of alleviating without preventing this contamination risk.

An Improved Faults Diagnosis Strategy of Analog Circuit Online Using Kernel Fuzzy C-Means for the Unknown Fault

2013 ◽  
Vol 712-715 ◽  
pp. 1952-1955
Author(s):  
Peng Da Qin ◽  
Yu Ping Qin ◽  
Ai Hua Zhang
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Analog Circuit ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Well Performance ◽  
Class Label ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Fuzzy C Means ◽  
Similarity Detection ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Faults Diagnosis

To solve the unknown faults diagnosis online for analog circuit, a novel faults diagnosis strategy based on improved kernel fuzzy c-means (IKFCM) is proposed. simultaneously, the high-performance recognition tree structure of the improved kernel fuzzy c-means itself can decrease the train sample and eliminate wild value, the training speed and precision of classifier can be done well in this way. The realizing of precision fault diagnosis, firstly, via confirming exact class centers from the data of known faults, and then the mean value can be obtained relying on the faults data of each class, meanwhile, setting this mean values as the thresholds for judging faults and each data point is issued with a class label. During the whole faults diagnosis, each detection data will be compared with the thresholds, the high similarity detection data will be fall into the known faults classes while the low similarity detection data will be labeled as unknown faults. Simulation proved the well performance effectively of the proposed IKFCM method .

scholarly journals The intake of phosphorus through meat products: a health risk assessment

2021 ◽  
Vol 854 (1) ◽  
pp. 012057
Author(s):  
D Milicevic ◽  
D Vranic ◽  
V Koricanac ◽  
Z Petrovic ◽  
A Bajcic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Dietary Exposure ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Acceptable Daily Intake ◽  
Retail Markets ◽  
Consumption Data ◽  
The Mean

Abstract The aim of this study was to assess the dietary exposure of phosphorus in the Serbian adult population by combining individual consumption data with available data for analysed meat products. During a three years period of investigation (2018 to 2020), a total of 682 samples consisting of 425 cooked sausages and 257 smoked meat products were collected from different local retail markets across the Serbia to examine phosphorus concentrations. The mean phosphorus concentration, expressed as P2O5, varied from 4.68±0.88 g/kg to 6.05±1.30 g/kg in finely minced cooked sausages and smoked meat products, respectively. The average estimated daily dietary intake (exposure) (EDI) of phosphorus ranged from 1.115 mg/kg BW (body weight)/day (finely minced cooked sausages) to 1.441 mg/kg BW/day (smoked meat products). Phosphorus dietary intake (exposure) averaged 3.08% of the acceptable daily intake (ADI: 40 mg/kg BW/day). According to our results, the average phosphorus exposure in the Serbian adult population from consumption of these meat products is far below the European ADI.

scholarly journals The Intake of Phosphorus and Nitrites through Meat Products: A Health Risk Assessment of Children Aged 1 to 9 Years Old in Serbia

Nutrients ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 242
Author(s):  
Jelena Milešević ◽  
Danijela Vranić ◽  
Mirjana Gurinović ◽  
Vladimir Korićanac ◽  
Branka Borović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Data ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Dietary Exposure ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Consumption Data ◽  
Food Consumption Survey ◽  
Phosphorous Content ◽  
Canned Meat ◽  
The Mean

This study provides the data on dietary exposure of Serbian children to nitrites and phosphorus from meat products by combining individual consumption data with available analytical data of meat products. A total of 2603 and 1900 commercially available meat products were categorized into seven groups and analysed for nitrite and phosphorous content. The highest mean levels of nitrite content, expressed as NaNO2, were found in finely minced cooked sausages (40.25 ± 20.37 mg/kg), followed by canned meat (34.95 ± 22.12 mg/kg) and coarsely minced cooked sausages (32.85 ± 23.25 mg/kg). The EDI (estimated daily intake) of nitrites from meat products, calculated from a National Food Consumption Survey in 576 children aged 1–9 years, indicated that the Serbian children population exceeded the nitrite ADI (acceptable daily intake) proposed by EFSA (European Food Safety Authority) in 6.4% of children, with a higher proportion in 1–3-year-old participants. The mean phosphorus concentration varied from 2.71 ± 1.05 g/kg to 6.12 ± 1.33 g/kg in liver sausage and pate and smoked meat products, respectively. The EDI of phosphorus from meat products was far below the ADI proposed by EFSA, indicating that the use of phosphorus additives in Serbian meat products is generally in line with legislation.

scholarly journals Biomonitoring Study of Deoxynivalenol Exposure in Chinese Inhabitants

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 2169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaodan Wang ◽  
Jiang Liang ◽  
Pei Cao ◽  
Shuang Zhou ◽  
Aibo Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Henan Province ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Exposure Level ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽  
Exposure Levels ◽  
The Mean

Objective: To investigate the levels of a deoxynivalenol (DON) biomarker in the urine of subjects living in two China provinces with different geographic locations and dietary patterns, and estimate their dietary DON exposures and health risks. Methods: First morning urine samples were collected on three consecutive days from 599 healthy subjects—301 from Henan province and 298 from Sichuan province—to analyze the total DON concentrations (tDON) after β-glucuronidase hydrolysis using a high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry-based method. The consumption of cereal foods in the previous 24 h before each urine collection was recorded using a duplicate diet method. DON exposure levels were estimated based on the urinary tDON concentrations. Results: Total DON were detected in 100% and 92% of the urine samples from Henan and Sichuan, respectively. Mean urinary tDON concentrations were 52.83 ng/mL in Henan subjects and 12.99 ng/mL in Sichuan subjects, respectively. The tDON levels were significantly higher in the urine of Henan subjects than that of the Sichuan subjects (p < 0.001). Urinary tDON levels were significantly different among age groups in both areas (Henan: p < 0.001; Sichuan: p = 0.026) and were highest in adolescents aged 13–17 years, followed by children aged 7–12 years. Based on the DON biomarker and exposure conversion reported by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), the mean estimated dietary intakes of DON were 1.82 μg/kg bw/day in Henan subjects and 0.45 μg/kg bw/day in Sichuan subjects. A total of 56% of Henan subjects and 12% of Sichuan subjects were estimated to exceed the PMTDI of 1 μg/kg bw/day. Consistent with urinary tDON levels, the highest estimated dietary DON intakes were also in children and adolescents aged 7–17 years. For all kinds of wheat-based foods except dumplings, the consumptions were significantly higher in Henan than those in Sichuan. The mean consumption of steamed buns was 8.4-fold higher in Henan (70.67 g/d) than that in Sichuan (8.45 g/d). The mean consumption of noodles in Henan (273.91 g/d) was 3.6-fold higher than that in Sichuan (75.87 g/d). Conclusions: The levels of urinary DON biomarker and the estimated dietary DON intakes in Henan province were high and concerning, especially for children and adolescents. The overall exposure level of Sichuan inhabitants was low.

Adenine and Pyridine Nucleotides in the Red Blood Cells of Subjects with Solid Tumors

1987 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vilberto Stocchi ◽  
Franco Canestrari ◽  
Remo Giacchi ◽  
Maurizio Sebastiani ◽  
Ferdinando Lungarotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Solid Tumors ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatographic ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic ◽  
Normal Adults

The concentration of adenine (ATP, ADP, AMP) and pyridine (NADP+, NADPH, NAD+, NADH) nucleotides in the erythrocytes of subjects affected by solid tumors was evaluated using a method which allows their simultaneous extraction and reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic analysis. The results showed a lower level of ATP in the erythrocytes of subjects affected by solid tumors, whereas no significant modifications were observed in the other compounds. In fact, the mean value of ATP in these subjects was 27 % lower than that of normal adults. This fact is discussed in relation to other enzymatic and metabolic modifications previously observed in red blood cells.

scholarly journals Study on Quality Standard of Processed Curcuma Longa Radix

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Zhimin Chen ◽  
Yongfeng Zhao ◽  
Liang Quan ◽  
Haiting Zhou ◽  
Dong Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Volatile Oil ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
External Standard Method ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
Processed Products

To control the quality of Curcuma Longa Radix by establishing quality standards, this paper increased the contents of extract and volatile oil determination. Meanwhile, the curcumin was selected as the internal marker, and the relative correlation factors (RCFs) of demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin were established by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The contents of multicomponents were calculated based on their RCFs. The rationality and feasibility of the methods were evaluated by comparison of the quantitative results between external standard method (ESM) and quantitative analysis of multicomponents by single-marker (QAMS). Ethanol extracts ranged from 9.749 to 15.644% and the mean value was 13.473%. The volatile oil ranged from 0.45 to 0.90 mL/100 g and the mean value was 0.66 mL/100 g. This method was accurate and feasible and could provide a reference for further comprehensive and effective control of the quality standard of Curcuma Longa Radix and its processed products.

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