scholarly journals Street vending in the Eastern Cape: Survival strategy or conduit to entrepreneurship?

2002 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 625-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Mahadea
Keyword(s):  
Informal Economy ◽  
Survival Strategy ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Formal Sector ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Street Vendors ◽  
Street Vending ◽  
High Profile ◽  
Survival Mode ◽  
Economic Growth Rates

Although South Afiica consistently registered positive economic growth rates since the democratic government took office in 1994, this economic expansion has not been accompanied by a surge of new formal sector jobs. The public and private sectors have been shedding labour, partly in response to globalisation and domestic economic realities. Consequently, more and more individuals are taking to street vending to create jobs for themselves. This article examines the dynamics of street vending and investigates whether it is merely a survival mode of existence or a conduit to formal entrepreneurship. The results of the study indicate that only 15 per cent of the surveyed operators may graduate to formal entrepreneurship in the medium or long term. It seems highly unlikely that a substantial number of high profile entrepreneurs would emerge from this mass of survivalist traders. For most street traders, the informal economy is not a conduit to entrepreneurship, but a survival strategy. From a development perspective, the way forward for street vendors is to transform their ventures into more value-adding operations that can provide sustainable livelihoods for themselves, and in due course jobs for others.

Incorporating Media in Promoting Lifelong Learning Among Street Vendors in Ghana

2019 ◽  
pp. 167-188
Author(s):  
Isaac Kofi Biney
Keyword(s):  
Lifelong Learning ◽  
Conceptual Frameworks ◽  
Formal Sector ◽  
Street Vendors ◽  
Business Policy ◽  
Street Vending ◽  
Inclusive Business ◽  
Effective Collaboration ◽  
The Government ◽  
Learning As A Process

This chapter explores media promotion of lifelong learning among street vendors in Ghana. It looks at conceptual frameworks underpinning street vending and the relevance of media in empowering street vendors. It also examines challenges involved in street vending and strategies in integrating street vending into the formal sector of the economy of Ghana. The contributions of media in empowering street vendors and learning as a process of lifelong learning fashion are also discussed. Issues emerging from street vending and recommendations are discussed. The chapter concludes that the Government of Ghana should develop all-inclusive business policy to accelerate formalization of informal enterprises. Street vendors should also build strong front, and leadership, to foster effective collaboration and partnership with media houses to aid in deepening lifelong learning drive in Ghana.

scholarly journals POLICING PEDDLERS: THE PROSECUTION OF ILLEGAL STREET TRADE IN EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY DUTCH TOWNS

2015 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 367-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
DANIELLE VAN DEN HEUVEL
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Informal Economy ◽  
Local Power ◽  
Early Modern Europe ◽  
Street Vendors ◽  
Street Vending ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Source Materials

AbstractStreet vending was a common feature in many towns in early modern Europe. However, peddlers and hawkers often operated outside the official framework, lacking permission from governments and guilds. The impact of their informal status has hitherto not featured very extensively in historical studies. This article assesses the impact of policing of street vendors by looking at familiar source materials in a new way. Rather than solely focusing on those people who were ultimately punished, this article investigates the full process of policing and prosecution of street traders in eighteenth-century Dutch towns. It exposes that apart from those receiving a formal punishment, many more traders could suffer from policing activities, and that particular groups of street vendors were more vulnerable than others due to the specific dynamics of local power relations. As such, this article provides new insights into policing and social control, while also offering wider lessons for our understanding of the relationship between the formal and informal economy in pre-industrial Europe.

scholarly journals A Proposed Credit Risk Assessment for People at the Bottom of the Social Pyramid in Cali, Colombia

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Juan Acevedo ◽  
Lina Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Credit Risk ◽  
Informal Economy ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Street Vendors ◽  
Street Vending ◽  
Internal Conflicts ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Individual

The informal economy accounts for half of the economic activity in Colombia. Street vending is a major part of the informal sector. In the context of a rapid urbanization due to internal conflicts, low skilled workers find a last resort for income generation as street vendors. Even though studies have revealed that street vendors can have high profits, they usually remain poor. A primary reason is their continuous indebtedness outside the regulated financial market. This paper proposes a comprehensive questionnaire survey on the socioeconomic profile of street vendors. This tool can be used to assess the individual credit risk and incentivize the financial inclusion of the poor. It can also be used for evaluation processes by the government or impact investors.

scholarly journals A Framework for Enhancing the Spatial Urban Form of Informal Economies in India: The Case of Krishna Rajendra Market, Bangalore

SAGE Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 215824402110231
Author(s):  
Shikha Patel ◽  
Raffaello Furlan ◽  
Michael Grosvald
Keyword(s):  
Informal Sector ◽  
Informal Economy ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Street Vendors ◽  
Street Vending ◽  
Informal Economies ◽  
Indian City ◽  
Planning Policies

The International Monetary Fund estimates that the Indian economy contributes over 8% to the global gross domestic product (GDP), making India the fifth largest economy in the world. However, the formal and informal sectors do not contribute equally to the national GDP, with over 80% of this total originating from the informal sector. Street vending, among other informal activities in India, is a vital contributor to the informal economy. Many scholars argue that despite the critical influence of physical urban patterns on the practicability and viability of informal activities, urban planners are not providing adequate urban planning policies. Bangalore, the third largest Indian city by population, is the subject of the present case study. Although this city hosts a wide variety of cultures, economies, and lifestyles, 74% of its population can be categorized as working in the informal sector. The goals of this research study are (a) to explore spatial planning in relation to the urban informal sector in Central Bangalore, (b) to identify the physical urban challenges experienced by the city’s street vendors, and (c) to examine the implications of these challenges for the city’s master plan. Through interviews, surveys, and site analysis (mapping), This study elucidates (a) the challenges experienced by the area’s stakeholders (i.e., vendors and buyers), (b) the limited planning of the spatial urban form by urban planners with regard to the accommodation of informal economic activities, and accordingly, (c) the need to implement spatial planning policies and design regulations appropriate to Bangalore’s high-density marketplace.

scholarly journals Income generation in informal sector: A case study of the street vendors of Kathmandu Metropolitan City

2012 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dipak Bahadur Adhikari
Keyword(s):  
Informal Economy ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Poor ◽  
Rural Poor ◽  
Income Generation ◽  
Street Vendors ◽  
Street Vending ◽  
Metropolitan City ◽  
The People ◽  
Rate Of Increase

Street vending is important to income earn and poverty alleviation for some people of Nepal. The street trade provides employment and income generation for the rural poor in the urban areas. And not only rural poor are getting earning opportunities in the informal economy; this has been providing goods in cheaper price to urban poor. This paper analyzes the determinants of the street vender’s income. It examines whether the income from vendor business of the people doing street business in Kathmandu metropolitan city increases with the rate of increase in investment, education and labor supply.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ejdi.v13i0.7193Economic Journal of Development Issues Vol.13 & 14 2011, pp.1-14

scholarly journals Street Businesses in Addis Ababa: Causes, Consequences and Administrative Interventions

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (Number 1) ◽  
pp. 69-92
Author(s):  
Jemal Abagissa
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Urban Migration ◽  
Formal Sector ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Street Vendors ◽  
Street Vending ◽  
Direct Government

Street vending has long been a source of debate among development economists. It has been argued that direct government intervention that aids this sector will encourage rural to urban migration. Others have argued that this sector deserves government help as often more than 50% of the urban labour force is employed by this sector. This study is designed to assess the causes, consequences and administrative interventions of street vending in Addis Ababa with particular reference to Yeka sub-city. Data were collected from randomly selected samples of 330 street vendors, 14 code enforcers and 9 government officials through questionnaires and interview of key respondents. The finding shows most of the traders came from outside Addis Ababa in search of jobs. Street vending proliferated as a way of life and a coping mechanism adopted by those economically under privileged segment of the society. Factors that led to street vending were complex and varied. According to the findings, absence of opportunity in the formal sector was the main factor that led the operators to street vending. This is followed by the need to support their family and themselves. The authorities stated that unless managed well street vending will have negative impact on traffic movement, encroach on public space and create unfair completion with formal businesses. To mitigate these problems the city administration has issued street vending regulation No. 5 in 2018 so that specific vending plots are allocated and the vendors need to do their business legally and those who fail to follow the rules will be dealt with by the law.

scholarly journals Study of socio-demographic profile and causes of street vending in urban area, Aurangabad, Maharashtra

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 4005
Author(s):  
Mohan K. Doibale ◽  
Seema Digambar Mohite ◽  
Gautam B. Sawase ◽  
Pallavi H. Pagadal
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Formal Sector ◽  
Street Vendors ◽  
Training Centre ◽  
Street Vending ◽  
Demographic Profile ◽  
Gainful Employment ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Large Numbers

Background: Street vending as a profession has been in existence in India since times immemorial. Poverty and lack of gainful employment in the rural areas and in the smaller towns drive large numbers of people to the city. Thus the present study is conducted to study socio-demographic profile, causes, addiction, morbidity pattern among street vendors. The objective of the present study is to study socio-demographic profile of street vendors, causes of street vending, addiction among street vendors, health problems faced by street vendors.Methods: The study was conducted in Shahagunj, where urban health training centre of Government Medical College Aurangabad is situated, for period of 2 months duration. All street vendors in the Shahagunj were included in the study. The purpose of study was explained to them. The survey was carried out with predesigned pretested questionnaire. The question related to socio-demographic characteristics, causes of street vending, addiction of smoking were asked.Results: About (29.6%) vendors belongs to age group 30-39, male participants are more in number, illiterate or educated up to primary school. Most of the vendors belongs to nuclear family, 71.25% vendors are migrated from other cities to seek employment, 73.6% vendors works with no holiday in a week. Vendors are addicted of tobacco chewing (27%), pan (6%) and cigarette (6%). Causes to become in informal sector are unable to fulfill requirement of formal sector 54%, only source of income 44% avoid tax is 2%. About 30% vendors are having health issues; maximum was musculoskeletal morbidities contributing 8.8%.Conclusions: Unable to fulfill requirement of formal sector and no other source of income are the major causes to be in the street vending.

Kids at Work

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emir Estrada
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Family Relations ◽  
The United States ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
Formal Sector ◽  
Street Vendors ◽  
Family Work ◽  
Street Vending ◽  
Child Street

Kids at Work is the first book to look at the participation of child street vendors in the United States. The children portrayed in this book are the children of undocumented Latinx immigrants who are relegated to street vending because they lack opportunities to work in the formal sector of the economy. On the streets of Los Angeles, California, the children help their parents prepare and sell ethnic food from México and Central America, such as pozole, pupusas, tamales, champurrado, tacos, and tejuino. Shedding light on the experiences of children in this occupation highlights the complexities and nuances of family relations when children become economic co-contributors. This book captures a preindustrial form of family work life in a postindustrial urban setting where a new form of childhood emerges. Child street vendors experience a childhood period and family work relations that lies in the intersection of two polar views of childhood, which embodies a mutually protective and supportive aspect of the economic relationship between parent and child. This book is primarily based on the point of view of street vending children, and it is complemented with parent interviews and rich ethnographic fieldwork that humanizes their experience.

Response: The Use of Economic Anthropology in Economic Development

1995 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 321-323
Author(s):  
Rhoda H. Halperin
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Informal Economy ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
The United States ◽  
Development Research ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Street Vending ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
History Of

The author comments on the use of anthropological methodologies in economic development research and practice in a developed economy such as the United States. The focus is the article by Morales, Balkin, and Persky on the closing of Chicago's Maxwell Street Market in August 1994. The article focuses on monetary losses for both buyers (consumers of market goods) and sellers (vendors of those goods) resulting from the closing of the market. Also included are a brief history of the market and a review of the literature on the informal economy. The authors measure “the value of street vending” by combining ethnographic and economic analytical methods.

scholarly journals Exclusive Goods and Formal-Sector Employment

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 242-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reto Foellmi ◽  
Josef Zweimüller
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Informal Economy ◽  
Aggregate Demand ◽  
Differentiated Products ◽  
Price Setting ◽  
Formal Sector ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
Nonhomothetic Preferences ◽  
Unskilled Workers ◽  
The Rich

We explore how the underemployment problem of less-developed economies is related to income inequality. Consumers have nonhomothetic preferences over differentiated products of formal-sector goods and thus inequality affects the composition of aggregate demand via the price-setting behavior of firms. We find that high inequality divides the formal sector into mass producers and exclusive producers (which serve only the rich); high inequality generates an equilibrium where many workers are crowded into the informal economy; and an increase in subsistence productivity raises the unskilled workers' wages and boosts employment due to the higher purchasing power of poorer households. (JEL D31, D43, E24, E26, J24)

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