Evaluation of lathyrus (Lathyrus sativus L) as an ingredient in pig starter and grower diets

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 529-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Castell ◽  
R. L. Cliplef ◽  
C. J. Briggs ◽  
C. G. Campbell ◽  
J. E. Bruni
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Lathyrus Sativus ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Fresh Tissue ◽  
Dietary Content ◽  
Key Words Pig ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Lathyrus Sativus L ◽  
Swine Diets

Seed from Lathyrus sativus L., with a low content of β-N-oxalyl-L-α, β-diamino-propionic acid (ODAP), was evaluated as an ingredient (LM) in swine diets. The first experiment involved 45 pigs fed LM, containing 27% protein (CP) and 3 g ODAP kg−1, as 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40% of starter diets (20% CP) over a 6-wk period. In exp. 2, two types of LM (0.9 and 2.7 g ODAP kg−1) were each included as 0, 10, 20 and 30 of mash diets fed to 84 pigs from 25 to 100 kg liveweight. The effects of pelleting and supplementation with 1 and 2 g methionine kg−1, for LM diets containing < 0.5 g ODAP kg−1, were examined in the final experiment using 80 growing-finishing pigs. Increasing the LM content above 10% of the starter diet reduced average daily gains (ADG) and feed intake (ADFI) but feed conversion (gain/feed; G:F) was unaffected (P > 0.10). In exp. 2, ADG declined as the dietary content of either LM increased. The lower-ODAP LM-fed pigs had relatively higher ADFI (P < 0.01) and ADG (P < 0.05) but slightly lower G:F (P < 0.08). Consumption of lathyrus led to higher (P < 0.01) liver and kidney weights and lower (P < 0.05) protein content in the longissimus dorsi. Pelleting the diet improved ADG (P < 0.01) and G:F (P < 0.05) but did not prevent the LM-effect on growth rates. Increasing the total sulfur amino acid content of the diet from 0.48 to 0.66% had no beneficial effect on live or carcass measurements. Using a method capable of detecting 100 ng ODAP per g fresh tissue, no residues were found in the loin muscle of LM-fed pigs. The results suggest that anti-nutritive constituents (e.g. anti-trypsin and anti-chymotrypsin), rather than ODAP, limit the potential of lathyrus seed as a feedstuff for swine. Key words: Pig, lathyrus, growth, carcass, neurotoxin

Diversity for vitamin and amino acid content in grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Arslan
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Significant Variation ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Amino Acid Profile ◽  
Lathyrus Sativus ◽  
Total Amino Acid ◽  
Grass Pea ◽  
Lathyrus Sativus L

This study was conducted to determine vitamin A, B, C, b-carotene and amino acid profile in 18 genotypes and four grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) varieties which have low b-ODAP. Present results indicated that retinol, b-carotene, thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, pantothene, pyridoxine, folic acid and ascorbic acid ranged from 25.6 to 44.1 µg/kg; 240.8 to 410.1 µg/kg, 3.74 to 5.44; 1.86 to 2.76; 12.37 to 20.25; 14.43 to 22.41; 4.92 to 6.62; 4.04 to 6.77 and 33.4 to 58.2 mg/kg, respectively in seeds. In addition to, the amino acid profile of the genotypes differed significantly and total amino acid amounts were found to be 19.69 to 23.48 g/100 g seeds. A large and significant variation was observed among these genotypes with low b-ODAP content in respect to the quality of the nutrient content. This variability will be useful to breeders for utilization in grass pea improvement.

Performance and carcass characteristics of growing-finishing pigs fed barley-based diets supplemented with Linpro (extruded whole flaxseed and peas) or soybean meal

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 681-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. Thacker ◽  
V. J. Racz ◽  
H. W. Soita
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Pig Performance ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Swine Diets

The objective of this experiment was to determine the effects of feeding graded levels of Linpro (a 50:50 combination of extruded full-fat flax seed and peas) on pig performance and carcass traits, particularly the fatty acid composition of backfat. Eighty crossbred pigs (Camborough 15 Line female × Canabred sire, Pig Improvement Canada Ltd., Airdrie, AB) weighing an average of 22.7 ± 2.2 kg were assigned on the basis of sex, weight and litter to one of five dietary treatments in a 5 × 2 factorial arrangement (treatment × sex). The experimental diets were based on barley and soybean meal and contained 0, 7.5, 15, 22.5 or 30% Linpro during the growing period (22.7–69.7 kg) and 0, 6, 12, 18 or 24% Linpro during the finishing period (69.7–111.1 kg). Digestibility coefficients for dry matter were not significantly affected by incorporation of Linpro in the diet. Digestibility coefficients for crude protein (P = 0.01) and gross energy (P = 0.04) exhibited a cubic effect due to Linpro incorporation with the highest digestibility coefficients observed for pigs fed 7.5% Linpro. Over the entire experimental period (22.7–111.1 kg), daily gain was affected both linearly (P = 0.02) and quadratically (P = 0.04) by Linpro inclusion. The most rapid gains were obtained by pigs fed 7.5% Linpro (6% in finisher), while pigs fed 30% Linpro (24% in finisher) gained weight the slowest. Feed intake was not significantly affected by Linpro inclusion, while feed conversion exhibited a quadratic effect (P = 0.02) with pigs fed the highest and lowest levels o f Linpro showing the poorest feed conversion. Linpro inclusion, had no significant effects on carcass traits including slaughter weight, carcass weight, dressing percent, carcass value index, lean yield, loin fat or loin lean. Inclusion of 30% Linpro (24% in finisher) significantly (P < 0.05) increased the levels of linolenic acid in backfat and this increase could provide significant health benefits for consumers of pork. Linpro would appear to be an acceptable alternative to soybean meal as a protein supplement for use in growing-finishing swine diets and can be incorporated at levels as high as 22.5% in the grower period and 18% in the finisher period without detrimental affects on pig performance. Key words: Swine, extrusion, flax, peas, digestibility, growth, backfat

PERFORMANCE AND CARCASS RESPONSES TO DIETARY INCLUSION OF RAW SOYBEANS (CV. MAPLE AMBER) BY BOARS FED AD LIBITUM FROM 30 TO 95 KILOGRAMS LIVEWEIGHT

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 275-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. CASTELL ◽  
R. L. CLIPLEF
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Liver Weight ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Live Performance ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Key Words Pig ◽  
Ad Libitum

Cull raw soybeans (SB), cv. Maple Amber, containing 17% oil and 36% crude protein (CP), were included as 0, 4.5, 9, 13.5, 18 and 22.5% of barley-based diets formulated to contain 16% CP. The mash diets were fed ad libitum to a total of 53 Landrace boars over the period from 30 to 95 kg average liveweight using a randomized block design with three replicates. Live performance responses to the increase in dietary SB content included a decline in overall growth rate (from 830 to 639 g d−1, P < 0.01) and efficiency of feed conversion (from 333 to 269 g gain per kg feed, P < 0.01). Post-kill measurements indicated an effect of dietary SB level on side weight (from 46 to 43% of carcass, P < 0.01), liver weight (from 24.8 to 28.2 g kg−1 warm carcass, P < 0.01) and areas of lean in the loin cross-section (from 31 to 26 cm2, P < 0.01) and ham face (from 137 to 121 cm2, P < 0.01) for pigs fed 0 and 22.5% SB diets, respectively. Analyses of samples of longissimus dorsi revealed a reduction in CP content (from 22.9 to 21.5%, P < 0.01) and increase in moisture content (from 74.4 to 75.4%, P < 0.05) for pigs fed the highest SB level compared to the control pigs. Iodine absorption numbers of the outer backfat layer increased, from 58 to 70 (P < 0.01), with the SB level fed. Sensory evaluation revealed a significant (P < 0.05) increase in incidence of off-flavor in loin roasts from boars fed diets containing more than 9% SB. The overall results suggested that a diet containing up to 5% SB would be unlikely to adversely affect performance or carcass merit of growing-finishing pigs. Key words: Pig, soybeans, live performance, carcass criteria, meat quality

EFFECTS OF DIETARY COMPOSITION ON THE RELATIVE PERFORMANCE AND CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS OF MALE AND FEMALE PIGS FED FROM 25 KG TO 92 KG LIVEWEIGHT

1976 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 439-450
Author(s):  
A. G. CASTELL ◽  
D. T. SPURR
Keyword(s):  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Relative Performance ◽  
Restricted Feeding ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Live Performance ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Satisfactory Performance ◽  
Field Peas

One hundred and twenty-four feeder pigs, representing two breed groups (Hampshire × Yorkshire and Yorkshire) were used in three experiments to compare the live performance and carcass characteristics of boars, barrows and gilts fed, from 25 to 92 kg, a 16% protein, barley–soybean meal diet or diets based on a utility grade, soft wheat (Triticum aestivum cv. Pitic 62) with 0, 7½ and 15% field peas (Pisum sativum cv. Century) to provide total protein levels of 13, 14 or 15%. Under conditions of adequate nutrition, boars were superior to barrows in efficiency of feed conversion and estimates of carcass leanness, while gilts were intermediate in feed conversion and equivalent to boars in carcass indices. The amount and composition of the diet consumed had a greater effect upon the relative performance of boars and, to a lesser extent, of gilts than was observed with barrows. In addition, the dressing percentage was consistently lower with boars than with barrows or gilts. Sexual odor or taint was not noticeably present in the carcasses at the packing plant, although there was a tendency for meat from boars on restricted feeding to have a higher moisture and darker lean than that present in carcasses from barrows and gilts. The results also suggested that satisfactory performance of growing–finishing pigs could be achieved with diets based on Pitic 62 wheat using field peas as the sole source of supplementary protein.

scholarly journals Productive aspects of pigs fed forage cactus silage associated with feed restriction

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 705-716
Author(s):  
G.M. Araújo ◽  
T.D.D. Martins ◽  
P.E.N. Givisiez ◽  
L.A.F. Pascoal ◽  
R.S. Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Glycogen ◽  
Duodenal Mucosa ◽  
Glycogen Storage ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Feed Restriction ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Opuntia Ficus Indica ◽  
Final Weight ◽  
Performance Trial

This study aimed to evaluate the use of silage of forage cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica Mill) in diets for finishing pigs. Two experiments were conducted: the first for digestibility and the second for performance. In the performance trial, the quantitative levels of feed restriction (0%, 10%, 20%, and 30%) were evaluated, which were associated with the supply of forage cactus silage. Forage cactus silage presented 2463.59 and 2456 kcal/kg of digestible and metabolizable energy, respectively. The feed restriction levels associated with the supply of forage cactus silage influenced feed intake, weight gain and final weight negatively, but did not affect feed conversion. Carcass absolute weight was influenced negatively. However, the yield of carcass and cuts and the amount of meat in the carcass were not influenced. With the increase in feed restriction, there was a decrease in duodenal mucosa thickness, intestinal glands, liver glycogen storage and the occurrence of inflammation in the submucosa and intestinal mucosa. Forage cactus silage is not accepted well by animals. The restriction up to 30% of balanced feed did not affect feed conversion, yield of carcass and cuts and economic viability. However, levels over 10% affected intestinal health.Keywords: Alternative feed, feed preservation, intestinal health, Opuntia ficus-indica Mill, pig nutrition

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