scholarly journals Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) Model: A Tool for Water Quality Interpretation

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-134
Author(s):  
Ogbozige F. J ◽  
Toko M. A ◽  
Arawo C.C
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Chloride Ion ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Uncoated Steel ◽  
Borehole Water ◽  
Black Plastic

The lack of standard water analysis equipment as well as inadequate trained personnel especially in the developing countries has discouraged many researchers in such countries to execute water quality researches. Hence, this paper presents developed mathematical relationship among some physicochemical parameters in order to aid the determination of the concentrations of certain parameters with the use of minimal equipment. This was achieved by weekly analyzing 7 physicochemical parameters of two sources of potable water (tap water and borehole water) stored in different containers for a period of 6 weeks using standard methods. The storage containers used were black plastic tank, blue plastic tank, green plastic tank, coated steel metal tank, uncoated steel metal tank and clay pot. The parameters examined were turbidity, electrical conductivity (EC), pH, alkalinity, chloride ion (Cl-), dissolved oxygen (DO) and total hardness. Results showed that the relationship between electrical conductivity (EC), alkalinity (Alk), total hardness (TH) and chloride ion (Cl-) is given as; EC = -224.8066493 + 6.244028022(Alk) + 0.28204735(TH) + 0.000518108(Cl-). A programing language was written on the models using Visual Basic.Net (VB.Net) version 2018. Keywords: Water, Physicochemical, Parameters, Function, Equation.

scholarly journals Water Quality Monitoring of Tigris River by Using (GIS)-Based Physicochemical ‎Parameters in Baghdad, Iraq

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.37) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Nadia Nazhat Sabeeh ◽  
Waleed M. Sh. Alabdraba ◽  
Ghadah Hasan Mohamed ◽  
Zainab B. Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Total Suspended Solids ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Tigris River ◽  
Calcium Magnesium

Water quality deterioration has become an essential concern worldwide due to climatic ‎changes and increased pollution. As a result, the available drinking water supply resources‏ ‏will receive its ration of this deterioration. This study was conducted to monitor the water ‎quality of the Tigris River in eight different locations in Baghdad during the period ‎between 2005 and 2013. Water samples were collected and analyzed for fourteen ‎selected physicochemical parameters including alkalinity, total hardness (TH), turbidity, ‎total suspended solids (TSS), temperature, pH, nitrate, nitrite, phosphate, electrical ‎conductivity (EC), chloride, calcium, magnesium, and sulfate. To show the spatial and ‎temporal variations of the selected parameters along the study area easily and objectively, ‎Geographical Information System maps (GIS maps) were used. Results showed that the ‎obtained values in winter of alkalinity, turbidity, electrical conductivity, and the ‎concentration of calcium, magnesium, sulfate, nitrite, phosphate, chloride, and total ‎suspended solids were higher as compared with the corresponding values in summer. On ‎the other hand, temperature, total hardness, pH, and nitrate values were higher in summer ‎as compared with the corresponding values in winter. The water quality of Tigris River ‎throughout the study period was within the permissible limits of the Iraqi standards for ‎drinking water.‎ 

scholarly journals Some indicators of water quality of the Tamis river

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nada Babovic ◽  
Dejan Markovic ◽  
Vojkan Dimitrijevic ◽  
Dragan Markovic
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Field Analysis ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Physico Chemical

This paper shows the results obtained in field analysis performed at the Tamis River, starting from the settlement Jasa Tomic - border between Serbia and Romania to Pancevo - confluence of Tamis into the Danube. The Tamis is a 359 km long river rising in the southern Carpathian Mountains. It flows through the Banat region and flows into the Danube near Pancevo. During the years the water quality of the river has severely deteriorated and badly affected the environment and the river ecosystem. In situ measurements enabled determination of physico-chemical parameters of water quality of the Tamis River on every 400 m of the watercourse, such as: water temperature, pH value, electrical conductivity, contents of dissolved oxygen and oxygen saturation. The main reason of higher pollution of Tamis is seen in connection to DTD hydro system. Sampling was performed at 7 points with regard to color, turbidity, total hardness, alkalinity, concentration of ammonium nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, iron, chlorides and sulphates in samples. The aim of the present work was to evaluate water quality in the Tamis River taking into account significant pollution, which originates from settlements, industry and agriculture, and to suggest appropriate preventive measures to further pollution decreasing of the river's water.

scholarly journals Assessment of Quality of Groundwater in Kandarvakottai and Karambakudi Areas of Pudukkottai District, Tamilnadu, India

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 898-904
Author(s):  
D. Ilangeswaran ◽  
R. Kumar ◽  
D. Kannan
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Water Quality Standards ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Groundwater Samples

Various samples of groundwater were collected from different areas of Kandarvakottai and Karambakudi of Pudukkottai District, Tamilnadu and analyzed for their physicochemical characteristics. The results of this analysis were compared with the water quality standards of ISI, WHO and CPHEEO. In this analysis the various physicochemical parameters such as pH, electrical conductivity, turbidity, total dissolved solids, Cl-, F-, SO42-, PO43-, NO3-, NO2-, CN-, Nas+, K+, NH3, Mn, Fe, Ca & Mg hardnessetc., were determined using standard procedures. The quality of groundwater samples were discussed with respect to these parameters and thus an attempt were made to ascertain the quality of groundwater used for drinking and cooking purposes in and around Kandarvakottai and Karambakudi areas.

scholarly journals An investigation of tap water quality in Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-196
Author(s):  
HO Salah ◽  
IM Sujaul ◽  
Md Abdul Karim ◽  
MH Mohd Nasir ◽  
A Abdalmnam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Aspergillus Aculeatus ◽  
Purpureocillium Lilacinum ◽  
Aspergillus Sp ◽  
Tap Water Quality

Assessment of the quality of tap water at Kuantan area of Pahang, Malaysia was investigated. The parameters analyzed were total coliform, Escherichia coli, pH, total hardness, sulfate, and selected heavy metal based on drinking water quality standard Malaysia and WHO. The results showed that the fungi in the tap water in Kuantan area in different concentrations were Aspergillus sp., Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, Penicillium citrinum, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Cerrena sp., Aspergillus aculeatus, A. flavus, Cryptococcus sp., Cladosporium perangustum, Purpureocillium lilacinum and Candida catenulata. The residual free chlorine varied from 0.05 to 1.97 mg/l.

Research on the Determination of Total Hardness in Drinking Water by Microscale Chemistry Experiment

2012 ◽  
Vol 157-158 ◽  
pp. 784-787
Author(s):  
Yu Guo Zhuo ◽  
Jun Liu ◽  
Jia Min Gao ◽  
Yu Liu ◽  
Zhen Zhen Kang
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Chemical Laboratory ◽  
Fast Analysis ◽  
Full Compliance ◽  
Important Index ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Chemistry Experiment

Total hardness is an important index to evaluate drinking water quality. Total hardness in drinking water was determined by micro titration and conventional titration seperately and parallel determination results of microscale chemical laboratory and constants experiment were compared. The results of micro titration were accurate and reliable. Microscale laboratory has such characteristics as obvious phenomena, saving reagents, fast analysis. So the cost was reduced and the innovative ability of students was improved by full compliance with the concept of green chemistry. Microscale laboratory is worth promoting.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF BOTTLED WATER QUALITY

2004 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 2087 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Φωτίου ◽  
N. Κολοβός
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Bottled Water ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Water Parameters ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Main Target

The investigation and the evaluation of the bottled water parameters and their relation to the human health is the main target of this paper. Thirty three samples of bottled water were investigated and the quality parameters were compared according to the standards introduced by EC (instruction 80/778 - 15/07/80) of the drinking water. The physicochemical parameters include pH, conductivity, CI, S04, Si02, Ca, Mg, Na, Κ, F, total hardness and alkalinity.

scholarly journals Determination of Surface Water Quality for Irrigation in Dinajpur

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1782-1791
Author(s):  
Md. Motaharul Islam ◽  
Mst. Taslema Nasrin ◽  
Md. Mofizul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Almost All

A research was carried out to assess the suitability of surface water for irrigation purposes. For this reason, 56 samples of surface water were collected from each union of Dinajpur sadar upazilla, Dinajpur. The analysis was included pH, EC, TDS, Ca, Mg, S, P, Na, K, Cl- and HCO3- to evaluate the suitability of surface water for irrigation purposes. Almost all the water samples were within the recommended pH value for irrigation and a great impact on crop production. With respect to electrical conductivity (EC) samples were low to medium salinity. For total dissolved solids (TDS), all samples were considered as freshwater for irrigation. On the basis of Ca, Mg, S, P, Na, K, Cl- and HCO3- all samples could safely be used for irrigation and would not affect the soils.

scholarly journals Water hardness and its impact on arterial stiffness and carotid atherosclerotic burdens; insights from the 'Corinthia study'

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
G Vogiatzi ◽  
E Oikonomou ◽  
G Lazaros ◽  
M Kostakis ◽  
Z Kypritidou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Water Hardness ◽  
Hard Water ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Introduction It has been long investigated the potential role of water quality in cardiovascular health. Purpose The aim of this study was to examine the association between water hardness, arterial stiffness and atheromatic burden in carotid arteries. Design and methods Corinthia study is a cross-sectional epidemiological study conducted in subjects aged 40–99 years. Intima media thickness (IMT) was measured in the left and right common carotid artery, carotid bulb and internal carotid artery. The average of the measurements (mean IMT) and the maximum IMT were determined as the representative value of carotid atherosclerosis burden. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) was used to evaluate arterial stiffness. Tap-water samples were collected from the study area, and analyzed for major, minor and trace elements, as well as pH and total hardness. Results In this analysis we included data from 1.404 participants. In subjects consuming water with a hardness above 250mg/dL, especially in those above >65 years old maximum and mean IMT was significantly increased compared to those consuming water with a hardness above 250mg/dL (1.61mm vs. 1.34mm respectively, p<0.001 and 1.15mm vs. 1.05, p=0.005 for WH ≥250mg/dL and WH <250mg/dL, respectively). Similarly, the prevalence of atheromatic plaques was higher in subjects of the first category (15,2% vs. 7,6%, p=0.004). No differences emerged for the arterial stiffness in the individual subgroups. statistically significant correlation was revealed (p=0.004). Conclusions There seem to be a negative association between extra hard water and carotid atheromatic burden highlighting the possible impact of water quality in cardiovascular health. FUNDunding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: None. Table 1

Determination of some physicochemical parameteres and inorganic nutrient content of Gediz River (Manisa)

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuğba Şentürk ◽  
Şükran Yıldız
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Western Turkey ◽  
River Water Samples ◽  
Gediz River

AbstractObjective: This present investigation aimed at assessing the water quality of the Gediz River located in western Turkey.Methods: Some physicochemical parameters and nutrient concentrations of the surface water of Gediz River were determined over a period of twelve months (October to September 2012) at 5 sampling sites along the river.Results: Data on some ions namely NHConclusion: This indicates pollution of the river water samples from the areas studied. Our findings highlighted the deterioration of water quality of the river due to anthropogenic and agriculturel activities.

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