scholarly journals New age in vaccinology: the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on third-generation vaccine development

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. e2021003
Author(s):  
Eliézer Lucas Pires Ramos ◽  
Jean Michel Dela Vedova-Costa ◽  
Violetta Dias Pacce ◽  
Gabriela Nascimento Ferreira ◽  
Yessenia Cristhel Manrique Guzmán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vaccine Development ◽  
New Age ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Generation Vaccine ◽  
The Impact

Facing Up to Moving Forward: A Third-Generation Successor's Reflections

1989 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roderick W. Correll
Keyword(s):  
Family Business ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Personal Statement ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Made In

The author describes his experience as the successor in a family business in a personal statement describing his struggle to differentiate from his family and define his own dream within the business. The impact of his developmental journey on decisions made in the business, and vice versa, is depicted in detail.

scholarly journals The Use of Non-Canonical Amino Acids as a Novel Biocontainment Strategy

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jourdan Witt
Keyword(s):  
Oral Delivery ◽  
Genetically Modified Organisms ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Open Systems ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Delivery Vector ◽  
The Impact

Advancements in synthetic biology have led to the use of genetically modified organisms in research and industrial fields. Bacteria were one of the first organisms to be genetically engineered due to their fast growth and simple genetics, and have emerged as a major scientific and commercial interest. For instance, modified commensal bacteria can be used as an oral delivery vector of therapeutics, or as probiotics to target specific pathogens in the gastrointestinal tract. The impact of the release of pathogens used in research or vaccine development could be catastrophic to the environment and public health. In addition, there is growing concern about using genetically modified organisms in open systems, as there is a possibility for unintentional proliferation into natural environments. Therefore, is imperative that the environmental safety of genetically modified organisms are addressed, and that adequate biocontainment mechanisms are developed.

Banking Innovative Service With Digital Brand Equity for New Age Consumers

2021 ◽  
pp. 134-159
Author(s):  
Sonu Dua ◽  
Inderpal Singh ◽  
Subhankar Das
Keyword(s):  
Brand Equity ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
New Age ◽  
Marketing Mix ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Brand Association ◽  
Research Article ◽  
Marketing Variables ◽  
The Impact

Digital banking is at the helm of all intangible transactions for the new age consumers in this world of touchless banking. So here in this chapter the authors tried to reconcile the new innovative content that will make this service to a notch higher. In goods industry, the product is considered as primary brand with various attributes. However, in case of services industry, the company itself is a primary brand. This research article is based upon primary research of services (banking) sector as a case of service branding with services extended marketing mix variables. A model has been developed to identify the impact of services extended marketing variables on customer-based brand equity. Two components of customer-based brand have been taken into consideration: brand awareness and brand association. For this purpose, structured questionnaire was prepared, and survey was conducted on 400 respondents and structural equation model has been applied.

Optimizing the Traffic of Voice Core Domain in UMTS Network through RNC Re-Homing

2012 ◽  
pp. 227-240
Author(s):  
Ye Ouyang ◽  
Hosein Fallah
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Networks ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Core Network ◽  
Core Domain ◽  
Network Controller ◽  
Next Generation Mobile Networks ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Umts Networks

The past few years have seen mobile operators transition to next-generation mobile networks, specifically from third-generation networks (3G) to long term evolution (LTE). This paper describes the basic architecture and topology of UMTS R4 core network and introduces two options in network planning, i.e., flat structure or layered structure. This paper introduces the re-homing of radio network controller (RNC) and base station controller (BSC) and studies the impact on the performance of voice core of UMTS networks. The proposed RNC re-homing models are created and analyzed for voice core of UMTS networks. The paper concludes that the appropriate RNC re-homing optimizes the traffic of voice core in UMTS network.

scholarly journals Impact of Cefotaxime Non-susceptibility on the Clinical Outcomes of Bacteremic Pneumococcal Pneumonia

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 1150
Author(s):  
Cillóniz ◽  
de la Calle ◽  
Dominedò ◽  
García-Vidal ◽  
Cardozo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Generation Cephalosporin ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Bacteremic Pneumonia ◽  
Bacteremic Pneumococcal Pneumonia ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hospital Clinic

Background: We aimed to analyze the impact of cefotaxime non-susceptibility on the 30-day mortality rate in patients receiving a third-generation cephalosporin for pneumococcal bacteremic pneumonia. Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational study of prospectively collected data from the Hospital Clinic of Barcelona. All adult patients with monomicrobial bacteremic pneumonia due to Streptococcus pneumoniae and treated with a third-generation cephalosporin from January 1991 to December 2016 were included. Risk factors associated with 30-day mortality were evaluated by univariate and multivariate analyses. Results: During the study period, 721 eligible episodes were identified, and data on the susceptibility to cefotaxime was obtainable for 690 episodes. Sixty six (10%) cases were due to a cefotaxime non-susceptible strain with a 30-day mortality rate of 8%. Variables associated with 30-day mortality were age, chronic liver disease, septic shock, and the McCabe score. Infection by a cefotaxime non-susceptible S. pneumoniae did not increase the mortality rate. Conclusion: Despite the prevalence of cefotaxime, non-susceptible S. pneumoniae has increased in recent years. We found no evidence to suggest that patients hospitalized with bacteremic pneumonia due to these strains had worse clinical outcomes than patients with susceptible strains.

scholarly journals Impact of Brushing and Infill Maintenance on Field Safety of Third Generation Synthetic Turf

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Kyley Dickson ◽  
John Sorochan ◽  
William Strunk ◽  
Taylor Williams
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Split Plot ◽  
Athletic Field ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Synthetic Turf

The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of brushing and infill maintenance of third generation (3G) synthetic turf on field safety. A split-plot randomized complete block design was used with six different fiber pile heights, infill depths, and shock pad combinations subjected to 120 games in the summer of 2017 at the Center for Athletic Field Safety (CAFS) in Knoxville, TN, USA. Traffic was applied with a CAFS traffic simulator. Half of the plots received maintenance every 20 games with a rotating power broom and infill applied to those below manufacturer’s recommendations. All 3G synthetic turf systems required maintenance to the same degree, and maintenance was necessary to keep surface hardness of 3G synthetic turf systems consistent and acceptable. Overall, field safety and consistency increased in this study due to maintenance, thus suggesting brushing and infill maintenance plays a vital role in maintaining high performance on 3G synthetic fields.

scholarly journals Dense Bodies of a gH/gL/UL128/UL130/UL131 Pentamer-Repaired Towne Strain of Human Cytomegalovirus Induce an Enhanced Neutralizing Antibody Response

2019 ◽  
Vol 93 (17) ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Lehmann ◽  
Jessica Julia Falk ◽  
Nicole Büscher ◽  
Inessa Penner ◽  
Christine Zimmermann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Antibody Response ◽  
Human Cytomegalovirus ◽  
Protein Complex ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Laboratory Strain ◽  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
Critical Question ◽  
Dense Bodies ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTThe development of a vaccine against human cytomegalovirus infection (HCMV) is a high-priority medical goal. The viral pentameric protein complex consisting of glycoprotein H (gH)/gL/UL128-131A (PC) is considered to be an important vaccine component. Its relevance to the induction of a protective antibody response is, however, still a matter of debate. We addressed this issue by using subviral dense bodies (DBs) of HCMV. DBs are exceptionally immunogenic. Laboratory HCMV strain DBs harbor important neutralizing antibody targets, like the glycoproteins B, H, L, M, and N, but they are devoid of the PC. To be able to directly compare the impact of the PC on the levels of neutralizing antibody (NT-abs) responses, a PC-positive variant of the HCMV laboratory strain Towne was established by bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) mutagenesis (Towne-UL130rep). This strain synthesized PC-positive DBs upon infection of fibroblasts. These DBs were used in side-by-side immunizations with PC-negative Towne DBs. Mouse and rabbit sera were tested to address the impact of the PC on DB immunogenicity. The neutralizing antibody response to PC-positive DBs was superior to that of PC-negative DBs, as tested on fibroblasts, epithelial cells, and endothelial cells and for both animal species used. The experiments revealed the potential of the PC to enhance the antibody response against HCMV. Of particular interest was the finding that PC-positive DBs induced an antibody response that blocked the infection of fibroblasts by a PC-positive viral strain more efficiently than sera following immunizations with PC-negative particles.IMPORTANCEInfections with the human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) may cause severe and even life-threatening disease manifestations in newborns and immunosuppressed individuals. Several strategies for the development of a vaccine against this virus are currently pursued. A critical question in this respect refers to the antigenic composition of a successful vaccine. Using a subviral particle vaccine candidate, we show here that one protein complex of HCMV, termed the pentameric complex (PC), enhances the neutralizing antibody response against viral infection of different cell types. We further show for the first time that this not only relates to the infection of epithelial or endothelial cells; the presence of the PC in the particles also enhanced the neutralizing antibody response against the infection of fibroblasts by HCMV. Together, these findings argue in favor of including the PC in strategies for HCMV vaccine development.

scholarly journals Downmodulation of Vaccine-Induced Immunity and Protection against the Intracellular BacteriumFrancisella tularensisby the Inhibitory Receptor FcγRIIB

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian J. Franz ◽  
Ying Li ◽  
Constantine Bitsaktsis ◽  
Bibiana V. Iglesias ◽  
Giang Pham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Immune Protection ◽  
Fc Gamma Receptor ◽  
Gamma Receptor ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
Iga Production ◽  
Protection Against Infection ◽  
The Impact

Fc gamma receptor IIB (FcγRIIB) is the only Fc gamma receptor (FcγR) which negatively regulates the immune response, when engaged by antigen- (Ag-) antibody (Ab) complexes. Thus, the generation of Ag-specific IgG in response to infection or immunization has the potential to downmodulate immune protection against infection. Therefore, we sought to determine the impact of FcγRIIB on immune protection againstFrancisella tularensis(Ft), a Category A biothreat agent. We utilized inactivatedFt(iFt) as an immunogen. Naïve and iFt-immunized FcγRIIB knockout (KO) or wildtype (WT) mice were challenged withFt-live vaccine strain (LVS). While no significant difference in survival between naïve FcγRIIB KO versus WT mice was observed, iFt-immunized FcγRIIB KO mice were significantly better protected than iFt-immunized WT mice.Ft-specific IgA in serum and bronchial alveolar lavage, as well as IFN-γ, IL-10, and TNF-αproduction by splenocytes harvested from iFt-immunized FcγRIIB KO, were also significantly elevated. In addition, iFt-immunized FcγRIIB KO mice exhibited a reduction in proinflammatory cytokine levelsin vivoat 5 days after challenge, which correlates with increased survival followingFt-LVS challenge in published studies. Thus, these studies demonstrate for the first time the ability of FcγRIIB to regulate vaccine-induced IgA production and downmodulate immunity and protection. The immune mechanisms behind the above observations and their potential impact on vaccine development are discussed.

CFD Analysis of Thermal Shadowing and Optimization of Heatsinks in 3rd Generation Open Compute Server for Single-Phase Immersion Cooling

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jimil M. Shah ◽  
Ravya Dandamudi ◽  
Chinmay Bhatt ◽  
Pranavi Rachamreddy ◽  
Pratik Bansode ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Management ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Heat Sink ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Data Centers ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Dielectric Fluids ◽  
Immersion Cooling ◽  
The Impact

Abstract In today’s networking world, utilization of servers and data centers has been increasing significantly. Increasing demand of processing and storage of data causes a corresponding increase in power density of servers. The data center energy efficiency largely depends on thermal management of servers. Currently, air cooling is the most widely used thermal management technology in data centers. However, air cooling has started to reach its limits due to high-powered processors. To overcome these limitations of air cooling in data centers, liquid immersion cooling methods using different dielectric fluids can be a viable option. Thermal shadowing is an effect in which temperature of a cooling medium increases by carrying heat from one source and results in decreasing its heat carrying capacity due to reduction in the temperature difference between the maximum junction temperature of successive heat sink and incoming fluid. Thermal Shadowing is a challenge for both air and low velocity oil flow cooling. In this study, the impact of thermal shadowing in a third-generation open compute server using different dielectric fluids is compared. The heat sink is a critical part for cooling effectiveness at server level. This work also provides an efficient range of heat sinks with computational modelling of third generation open compute server. Optimization of heat sink can allow to cool high-power density servers effectively for single-phase immersion cooling applications. A parametric study is conducted, and significant savings in the volume of a heat sink have been reported.

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