scholarly journals Decentralisation and Democratisation in Local Government Focusing Key Development Programs in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-48
Author(s):  
Abul Hossain ◽  
Ahsan Habib
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
International Development ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
Research Knowledge ◽  
Development Interventions ◽  
The People ◽  
Positive Elements ◽  
Main Regulator ◽  
Almost All

The local government system is considered to be the main regulator of good governance in a country. Although the local government system in Bangladesh is very old, it has tiny achievements in terms of its effectiveness, decentralisation of power, democratic practices, and public participation. After the country's independence, almost all the governments have come up with the innovation of different levels of local government structures was just nomenclature. They never allowed the local people to enjoy autonomy by their elected representatives in the way directed by the constitution. On the other hand, various local and international development partners have been implementing various programs to strengthen the local government system in Bangladesh, decentralise it and ensure public engagement in local government. Through which some positive elements have been added to the issue of autonomy and participation of the people in the local government system; however, it is significantly minor than required. This research paper seeks to understand the process of democratisation and decentralisation in the local government system of Bangladesh by fieldwork-based research knowledge and review various initiatives taken for the development of the local government system. Besides, drawing on literature and the observations and research on Union Parishad (the lowest tier of local government in Bangladesh), the interrelationship between local government elections and power structure has also been analysed in this article. Ultimately, this paper argues that the process of decentralisation and strengthening of the local government system in Bangladesh through development interventions. Though the interventions of development programs could have been mammoth achievements in the path of democratisation and decentralisation, the party politicisation has made massive impediments to attain the targets.

scholarly journals Bureaucratic Reform and The Challange of Good Governance Implementation in Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-42
Author(s):  
Muhadam Labolo ◽  
Etin Indrayani
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
The Public ◽  
Government Bureaucracy ◽  
Local Government Level ◽  
Important Note ◽  
Corrupt Behavior ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Impact

Bureaucratic reformation is the fundamental structuring efforts are expected to havean impact on changing systems and structures. The system deals with the relationshipbetween the unsure or the element that influence each other and are associated to makea form totally. The change in one element can influence the other elements in the system.The structure relates with the order of who arrayed a regular basis and systematically.Structure changes is also included with the mechanism and procedure, human resources,facilities and infrastructure, organization and organization’s environment in terms of theachievement of the efficiency of government bureaucracy. These changes include allowingall of the aspects of the bureaucracy has sufficient capacity to carry out the duties and thebasic function. Bureaucratic failure in a term for service the public until now representpoor government both at central and local government level. The urgency of bureaucraticreform in Indonesia is driven by a number of important note. First, the increased apparatusexpenditure is caused by increased of apparatus recruitment without unmeasured control.Second, the ballooning cost of democracy (election) affected the floated of local governmentbudget have increased significantly. The magnitude of the election budget and the impact ongovernmental bureaucracy resulted not ready to close the budget deficit. More than thesebureaucracy has loyalty dilemma caused by dispersed of concentration in every election’sactivity. Third, increased of develop the bureaucratic organization without planning andanalysis of the measured trigger financing and recruitment of apparatus that not less. Asa result, the bureaucracy in most areas are overload, or even lack in outside of Java. Inother side, less of local incomes make dependence to central government, while the localgovernment expenditure is to far from efficiency, even tend to be less controlled due to thehigh cost of the organization. Fourth, extensive corrupt behavior in almost all public sectorbureaucracy encourages lose confidence as a public servant.Keywords: Bureaucratic Reformation, bureaucracy design, local government, GoodGovernance

scholarly journals A quick indicator of effectiveness of “capacity building” initiatives of NGOs and international organizations

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 155
Author(s):  
David Lempert
Keyword(s):  
Capacity Building ◽  
International Development ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Building Projects ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Development Interventions ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Sample Test ◽  
Foreign Governments

The article offers an easy-to-use indicator for scholars and practitioners to measure whether NGOs, international organizations, and government policies and projects meet the criteria for design and implementation of “capacity building” projects that have been established by various international organizations and that are recognized by experts in the field. The indicator can be used directly to address failures that are routinely reported in this key and growing development intervention. Use of this indicator on more than a dozen standard interventions funded today by international development banks, UN organizations, country donors, and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) reveals that while many smaller organizations are working to change institutions and society in ways that effectively build long-term capacity, most of the major actors in the field of development have failed to follow their own guidelines. Many appear to be using “capacity building” as a cover for lobbying foreign governments to promote international agendas (“purchasing foreign officials”) and/or to increase the power of particular officials at the expense of democracy, with the public lacking simple accountability tools. The indicator points to specific areas for holding development actors accountable in order to promote development goals of sustainability and good governance. The breadth of the field of “capacity building” also allows this indicator to be used, with some modifications, for a large variety of development interventions. This article also offers several examples of where current capacity building projects fail, along with a sample test of the indicator using UNCDF as a case study.

scholarly journals The Nigerian State and the Challenges of Rising Cases of Sexual Assault Among Nigerian Citizens

2020 ◽  
pp. 107-115
Author(s):  
Oladimeji Sogo Osewa ◽  
Ngozi Thelma Mohammed ◽  
David Oluwatoba Alabi
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Relative Deprivation ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Secondary Methods ◽  
Almost All

The social vices rape “has been around” for a very long time, it is as old as humankind. It has been experiencing in almost all the countries of the world. However, in a country like Nigeria, the issue of rape among the people had been on the rising rate these days as many babies, aged and teenagers had been raped to death. It is in view of the above challenges that this paper examined the causes, impact and solutions to the rising cases of rape in Nigeria. The paper adopted the relative deprivation theory to validate its arguments, while data are gathered through the secondary methods as data are retrieved from books, articles, newspapers and internet materials. This paper argued that the major causes of the rising cases of rape in Nigeria are youth’s unemployment that is realized as a result of bad governance, and submit that good governance is the only lasting and perpetual solution to the rising cases of rape in Nigeria.

scholarly journals Fostering a Culture of Performance Management in Municipalities: Perceptions of Municipal M & E Practitioners in Kwazulu Natal

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3(J)) ◽  
pp. 97-107
Author(s):  
Paul Kariuki, ◽  
Purshottama Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Performance Management ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Political Will ◽  
Doctoral Study ◽  
Development Interventions ◽  
Kwazulu Natal ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Do So

Creating a culture that considers monitoring and evaluation as an essential tool for performance improvement is not an easy task. Some employees are likely to resist due to a lack of awareness of the value of monitoring and evaluation while others could do so due to fear of the accountability and transparency implicit in the implementation of such a system. Nonetheless, it is imperative that performance management is prioritised in municipal development interventions. This article is based on a doctoral study that used qualitative participatory research techniques to gather data from evaluation practitioners’ municipalities in KwaZulu-Natal. It presents these practitioners’ perspectives on fostering a culture of performance management in local government. The article expounds on their lived experiences that reflect on how performance management could facilitate an effective monitoring and evaluation culture within this sector. The study found that monitoring and evaluation practitioners were sloppy towards their responsibilities and this contributed to poor tracking of the impact of municipal interventions, thereby compromising their abilities to fulfil their constitutional mandates. Furthermore, the study found that there is no political will to enforce performance in most municipalities. The implication of this study is that a culture of performance management must be enforced by government as a critical institutional norm towards achieving accountable, effective, efficient and responsive developmental local government. Municipalities must harness the necessary political will for this to become a reality in municipalities towards promoting good governance in local government supported by a culture of performance.

scholarly journals A Comparative Good Governance Experiences on Local Governments Cope with COVID-19: A Case Studies Between Indonesia and Thailand

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2211-2217
Author(s):  
Non Naprathansuk, Et. al.
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
The People ◽  
Local Government Management ◽  
The Government ◽  
Village Health

: This article aimed to analyzed and compared good governance experiences on local government cope with Covid-19 between Indonesia and Thailand. The methodology of this article was a qualitative approach based on the secondary data from case of local government of Indonesia in Tegal City and Thailand in Chang Puak Sub-district. The finding of this article was in Indonesia case could argued that the effectiveness, openness, and transparency of the government in coping with Covid-19 are the keys to improve the people economy in Tegal City. Also, the administrators Government of Tegal should be responsive to evaluate ineffective methods in preventing the spread of Covid-19 and switch to more effective and efficient ways. In the meantime, in Thailand case, sorely local government could not cope with Covid-19 pandemic, but the cooperated between Thailand Village Health Volunteer and local government were the best operation to stop the Covid-19 outbreak. Moreover, the most foremost hinder in both Thailand and Indonesia were the central government that centralize authority. In Indonesia, the central policy was the obstacle to allow local government acted, while in Thailand the emergency decree was the main hinder for local government management. Finally, both local government in Thailand and Indonesia were struggled and tried to cope with Covid-19 in a right way of good governance track even though they had a limited authority and willing to support their community.

INITIATIVE BUDGETING AS AN INSTRUMENT OF TERRITORIAL SELF-GOVERNMENT

2019 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 77-90
Author(s):  
V. V. Vagin ◽  
N. A. Shapovalova
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Institutional Analysis ◽  
Institutional Development ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
State And Local Government ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Government Initiative ◽  
Local Levels

The article is devoted to the actual issue – institutional analysis of initiative budgeting and territorial public selfgovernment, as well as the possibility of their integration. Over the past few years, a system of civil participation in budget decisions has been built in Russia, the regulatory framework of practices has been created, thousands of employees of state and local government bodies have been trained, project centers have appeared for ensuring development of initiative budgeting. Citizen participation in budget decisions can significantly accelerate the development of the lower level of local government. Initiative budgeting is an innovative instrument of public finance and at the same time a social technology allowing for the real involvement of citizens in the issues of state and municipal governance. Initiative budgeting development programs make it possible to transfer financing of projects aimed at solving local issues with the participation of citizens onto a systemic basis. The results and materials of this study can serve a foundation for theoretical understanding of the institutional development of public finances at the regional and local levels. At the same time, this practical area that was intensively developing in recent years requires deep institutional analysis.

Enterprise Development Programming in Partnership with Local Government, Science and Business. The Example of Rybnik

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 53-61
Author(s):  
Wojciech Kiljańczyk
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
Enterprise Development ◽  
Entrepreneurship Development ◽  
Development Programming ◽  
Development Plans ◽  
Resources And Capabilities ◽  
The City

The article concerns the mechanisms of entrepreneurship development in partnership with local government, science and business. The author presents evidence that the sector partnership is crucial for the success of projects developing entrepreneurship in the local and regional perspective. Local government has the resources and capabilities to act as initiators of projects and programs supporting the economic development of the city or voivodeship. At the same time, representatives of local government units must use appropriate operational and management methods in the implementation of the policy of strengthening entrepreneurship. Inter-sectoral collaboration requires the application of organisational solutions allowing for the involvement of units in different fields and basing on various legislation. The author also indicates that the source of the competitive advantage of cities and regions may be the specialisation, as well as the commercialisation of knowledge and technology. In this case, the inter-sectoral partnership is crucial as it conditions the success of economic development programs in its social, economic and political sense. At the same time, the article describes the methods of building the inter-sectoral cooperation. As a basis for the appropriate use of the different potential of the cooperating participants, the authors indicated projects and programs embracing groups of projects. All this is worth being recognised within the framework of strategic documents, such as development plans, strategies, and other records used by local government agencies. The article uses the outcome of the participatory workshops during the preparation of the Rybnik Enterprise Development Program. The aim of the study is the verification of the assumption that the sectoral partnership is crucial to the processes of local and regional entrepreneurship development.

Systematic review methodology for development: An example from microfinance

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carina Van Rooyen ◽  
Ruth Stewart ◽  
Thea De Wet
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
International Development ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Systematic Review Methodology ◽  
Development Interventions ◽  
The Us ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Evidence Based Decision Making

Big international development donors such as the UK’s Department for International Development and USAID have recently started using systematic review as a methodology to assess the effectiveness of various development interventions to help them decide what is the ‘best’ intervention to spend money on. Such an approach to evidence-based decision-making has long been practiced in the health sector in the US, UK, and elsewhere but it is relatively new in the development field. In this article we use the case of a systematic review of the impact of microfinance on the poor in sub-Saharan African to indicate how systematic review as a methodology can be used to assess the impact of specific development interventions.

Slum Kampong Tourism “Jakarta Hidden Tour”: Designing Eco-Cultural Based Pro-Poor Tourism

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Retnayu Prasetyanti
Keyword(s):  
International Development ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
System Thinking ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Economy Condition ◽  
Business Sectors ◽  
Community Movement

Forecasts of high tourism development in Jakarta, Indonesia, where massive poverty cases also exist, has directed tourism as a way of alleviating poverty; this is usually termed “pro-poor tourism” which involves multi variant stakeholders and interests. Jakarta has widespread poor areas called “slum Kampongs”, where government and business sectors are supported by international development agencies have tried to tackle down poverty by economy-community (eco-community) based development programs. However, distinguished from those programs, slum kampong development based pro-poor tourism is yet unsupported by bureaucracy agencies. “Jakarta Hidden Tour” (see “Jakarta Hidden Tour” in Trip Advisor) a “wild” tour activity which is promoted by community movement led by Ronny Poluan indicates a term of economy and cultural (eco-cultural) based slum kampong tourism that basically can pursue a better community development and economy condition through a unique culture and real life portrait experience. This paper analyses the dilemma of “Jakarta Hidden Tour” which is claimed as a poor exhibition while in another hand tries to offer a new design and approach of pro-poor tourism by utilizing thematic Kampong development with local culture excellences as such “Green Slum Kampong in Ciliwung river”, or “Sailor Slum Kampong in North Jakarta”. Key learn from Brazil with slum kampong tourism in Santa Marta is a motivation for government to live a recognition, that like any other global/industrial policies, tourism is highly driven by political interest. By conducting a system thinking perspective base, this paper analyses how “Jakarta Hidden Tour” and government’s supporting policy will ensure eco-cultural pro-poor tourism development and how stakeholders as a system’s element need to uphold poverty alleviation towards sustainability

MISTISISME TRADISI MAPPADENDANG DI DESA ALLAMUNGENG PATUE, KABUPATEN BONE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Askar Nur
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Ethnographic Approach ◽  
The People ◽  
Village People ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Village

This research explains the mysticism of mappadendang tradition in Allamungeng Patue Village, Bone Regency, which is believed by the local community as a form of shielding from danger and can resist reinforcemen such as Covid-19 outbreak. This research is a descriptive study using qualitative method and an ethnographic approach. This research was carried out with the aim of identifying the mystical space in mappadendang tradition which was held in Allamungeng Patue Village. After conducting the tracing process, the researcher found that mappadendang tradition which was held in Allamungeng Patue Village, Bone Regency in July 2020 was not a tradition of harvest celebration as generally in several villages in Bone Regency, especially Bugis tribe, but mappadendang was held as a form of shielding from all distress including Covid-19 outbreak. This trust was obtained after one of the immigrants who now resides in the village dreamed of meeting an invisible figure (tau panrita) who ordered a party to be held that would bring all the village people because remembering that in the village during Covid-19 happened to almost all the existing areas in Indonesia, the people of Allamungeng Patue Village were spared from the outbreak. Spontaneously, the people of Allamungeng Patue Village worked together to immediately carry out the mappadendang tradition as a form of interpretation of the message carried by the figure.

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