scholarly journals Comparative Physicochemical and Proximate Analyses of Different Extracts of Persea americana

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Imoisi ◽  
U.C. Michael
Keyword(s):  
Acid Value ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Persea Americana ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Avocado Oil ◽  
Saponification Value ◽  
Acidic Nature ◽  
Crude Fibre Content ◽  
Proximate Analyses

Avocado and Avocado oil are high in monosaturated oleic acid, a heart-healthy fatty acid that is believed to be one of the main reasons for the health benefits of olive oil. This study, was therefore carried out to determine the physicochemical and proximate composition of the seed and rind of avocado pear with the extraction and characterization of oil obtained from the seed and rind using solvent extraction. The phytochemical screening was also carried out on the seed and rind of avocado pear oil. The moisture contents were (51.05% and 71.77%) for the seed and rind respectively. The ash content of the unripe seed and rind were (0.52% and 0.55%) respectively. The fat (lipid) content in both the unripe seed and rind oil were (21.41g and 9.53 g) respectively. The unripe rind sample was richer in protein (6.4%) and unripe seed being lower (3.04%) to the rind. The crude fibre content for the seed and rind oil were (51.2 g and 2.54 g) respectively. Saponification value of the oil from unripe seed had a higher value of 258.82 mg KOH/g and for unripe rind was 203.47 mg KOH/g. The peroxide value for oil obtained from both unripe seed and rind of Persea americana were 0.91 mg/kg and 0.33 mg/kg respectively. Acid value was low in the unripe seed with a mean value of 0.057 mg KOH/g. It was observed that the Acid value for unripe rind was 0.058 mg KOH/g. The iodine value for rind was 182.85 (gI2/100 g), the seed oil contains 53.78 (gI2/100 g) of iodine. The refractive index was 1.21 and 1.35 for the unripe seed and rind oil respectively. The pH of the various avocado pear extracts also showed their slightly acidic nature.

scholarly journals Physicochemical characterization of Jatropha oil seed and suitability as biodiesel feedstock

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 581-586
Author(s):  
Aparna Yadav ◽  
◽  
Sudhakar Prasad Mishra ◽  
P. S. Kendurkar ◽  
Ajay Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iodine Value ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Cetane Number ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
Saponification Value ◽  
Plant Seed Oil

The physiocochemical properties of Jatropha curcas kernel oils were characterized as potential biodiesel, including oil yield per plant, seed oil content, kernel oil content, acid value, iodine value, saponification value and cetane number. Twenty-five accessions of Jatropha curcas were used for oil content measurement sranging from 21.14 to 40.66 %with a mean value of 32.85% and Kernels oil 48.59 to 60.45 % with a mean value of 56.28 %. The seed index ranged significantly from a seed weight of 45.45 to 64.45 g. Oil yields per plant ranged from 0.44 to 2.85 kg with a mean value of 1.70 kg per plant, respectively. To understand the properties of acid value, iodine value, saponification and cetane number, experimental physio-chemical studies were performed. Since these properties are critical for determining the current oil condition. The current study confirms that accession seeds performed higher than international saponification value, iodine value and cetane number standards may be an important source for meeting potential energy requirements.

CHARACTERIZATION OF FIXED OIL FROM SEEDS OF MOMORDICA TUBEROSA (ROXB) COGN. (CUCURBITACEAE) FRUITS BY GC-MS

INDIAN DRUGS ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (04) ◽  
pp. 39-42
Author(s):  
M. S Kale ◽  
◽  
K. S. Laddha
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Eleostearic Acid ◽  
Octadecenoic Acid ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Octadecatrienoic Acid ◽  
Octadecanoic Acid ◽  
Hexadecanoic Acid ◽  
Saponification Value

Fixed oil obtained from the seeds of Momordica tuberosa (Roxb) Cogn. fruits (family: Cucurbitaceae) was analyzed using GC-MS. Five compounds, namely palmitic acid (hexadecanoic acid), oleic acid (9-octadecenoic acid), stearic acid (octadecanoic acid), ?-eleostearic acid (9, 11, 13-octadecatrienoic acid) and gama-linolenic acid (6, 9, 12-octadecatrienoic acid) were found to be major compounds in fixed oil obtained from the seeds of M. tuberosa fruits. Physical constants saponification value, unsaponifiable matter and acid value were found to be 182.4, 1.56% w/w and 11.44 respectively.

scholarly journals Preliminary Physico-Chemical Profile of Yashtimadhu Ghrita

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 2184-2189
Author(s):  
Swathy Vijayakumar ◽  
Mahadevan Subramaniam ◽  
Vandana Rani Madhavan ◽  
Anusree Dileep ◽  
Ramesh Narve Venkatesha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acid Value ◽  
Solvent System ◽  
Organoleptic Evaluation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
System A ◽  
Saponification Value ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Acute Wound ◽  
Test Result

Yashtimadhu ghrita is a single-herbal ghee formulation mentioned in the classical texts of Ayurveda and is indicated in sadya kshatavrana (an acute inflammatory condition or an acute wound associated with trauma). It also minimizes the pain related to the wound. The present study is intended to create a finger print profile of Yastimadhu ghrita through its pharmacognostical identification and the physico-chemical analysis.  The genuineness of the dry specimen of Yashtimadhu (Glycyrrhiza glabra Linn.) was confirmed through organoleptic evaluation and cross-sectional microscopy. Yashtimadhu ghrita was prepared  as per the Sneha paka (preparation of unctuous formulations using ghee, oil etc.) procedure mentioned in Sarngadhara Samhita Madhyama khanda and the standard operative procedures specified in Ayurvedic pharmacopoeia of India. The test result of the finished product shows Acid value 6.7, saponification value 213.4, and Refractive index value1.455 at room temperature, Iodine value 38.7, LOD 0.64. TLC and HPTLC were carried out for the characterization of the plant material in an appropriate solvent system. A total of nine spots were distinguished in 254 nm and five spots in 366 nm during the HPTLC scanning. The Rf value pertaining to the spots were identical in the methanolic extract which indicates the presence of definite constituents in Yashtimadhu ghrita.

scholarly journals Extraction and Characterization of Oil from Pistachio Nutshell

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
SK Manirul Haque
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
The Other ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Saponification Value ◽  
Percentage Yield ◽  
Vital Parameters

Abstract. The soxhlet extractor was applied to extract the oil from a pistachio nutshell. The proposed technique was accurate and straightforward for extraction, and the percentage yield was quite acceptable. Solubility and density of the extracted oil were also determined. The acid and saponification value indicated the amount of free fatty acid available and can be used to prepare soap in the industry. The saponification value was found to be 270.4 to 274.5 mg KOH/g of the extracted oil. The other vital parameters like % ash content, % crude fibre, peroxide value, and iodine value were determined and indicated the oil stability for consumption and oxidation. Phenolic compounds and alcohol present in the oil are confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. All results were reproducible and easily adapted to extract oil from different waste materials as routine extraction and valuable technique.   Resumen. Se utilizó un extractor soxhlet para extraer el aceite de las cáscaras de pistacho. La técnica propuesta es precisa y sencilla para la extracción, y el porcentaje de rendimiento fue bastante bueno. También se determinaron la solubilidad y la densidad del aceite extraído. El valor de acidez y saponificación muestra la cantidad de ácidos grasos libres disponible y se puede utilizar para preparar jabón en la industria. Se determinó que el valor de saponificación fue de 270.4 a 274.5 mg de KOH g-1 del aceite extraído. También se determinaron los parámetros vitales como los porcentajes de contenido de cenizas, de fibra cruda, índice de peróxido e índice de yodo e indicaron la estabilidad del aceite para el consumo y su oxidación. Los compuestos fenólicos y el alcohol presentes en el aceite se confirmaron mediante espectroscopía infrarroja por transformada de Fourier. Todos los resultados fueron reproducibles y se adaptaron fácilmente para extraer aceite de diferentes materiales de desecho como extracción de rutina y es una técnica valiosa.  

Refined Technique and Characterization of Chinese Insect Wax

2012 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 94-99
Author(s):  
Hong Zhang ◽  
Hua Zheng ◽  
Jun Chen ◽  
Xiao Ming Chen ◽  
Hong Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Melting Point ◽  
Iodine Value ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Chemical Changes ◽  
Saponification Value ◽  
Grade Requirement ◽  
Refined Technique

For the improvement of processing and the increase of refined products of Chinese insect wax, it was carried out on the raw wax for its refining in the pilot plants. After the treatment, it was raised the melting point and reduced the acid value, iodine value, saponification value and insoluble substances of benzene significantly. The quality of final products was accord to the industrial top-grade requirement. The yield of refined wax was ranging from 72.76% to 74.30% and the whiteness was 51.8% to 56.3%. It was not observed any chemical changes of the wax during the processing.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Chemical and Oil Composition of Balsam Apple (Momordica balsamina) seed

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
B. I. Yerima ◽  
A. Umar
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Food Supplement ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Good Source ◽  
Saponification Value

This research is aimed at the proximate chemical analysis of Momordica balsamina seeds with some properties of the oil. The results of the study showed that the seeds has high percentage of crude lipids, (38.77±0.15%) crude carbohydrates, (31.46±0.14%), crude proteins, (20.25±0.10%), moisture content, (5.25±0.25) and crude fibre, (1.67±0.20) as the least, with calorific value of (486.22Kcal) and some selected minerals Na, Mg, Ca, Fe with the concentration, 7.5, 61.5, 42, and 6.2(mg/100 g) respectively. So also, the oil indicated to have acid value of 0.426 and Saponification value of 183.4.Hence Momordica balsamina seeds could be a good source of food supplement.

scholarly journals Chemical Analysis of (Lagenaria siceraria) Calabash Seeds Oil

2020 ◽  
pp. 24-30
Author(s):  
M. Hashimu ◽  
J. Ibrahim ◽  
S. Y. Lema ◽  
J. Suleiman
Keyword(s):  
Iodine Value ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Fats And Oils ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Degree Of Saturation ◽  
Lagenaria Siceraria ◽  
Saponification Value ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Commercial Oil

Characterization of fats and oils is important in assessing their potential economic uses. This study was carried out to determine and compare the physicochemical characteristics of a commercial oil and solvent extracted oil from the kernels of calabash seeds (Lagenaria siceraria). The range of physicochemical properties are: Solvent extraction recorded a higher yield of (42.3±0.66%) acid value (9.4±1.8 - 8.2±0.5 mgKOH/g of oil), iodine value (4.56±2.6 - 4.46±0.07 mg/100g), saponification value (162.7±4.58 - 159.42±3.68 mgKOH/g), peroxide value (6.0±1.63 - 5.3±2.4 mEq/kg), free fatty acid (10.3±1.76 - 9.89±1.8 % as oleic acid). The low iodine value indicates a high degree of saturation of the fat as well as its non-drying nature.

scholarly journals Extraction and Characterization of Oil from Sorrel (Yakuwa Seed) Hibiscus sabdariffa

2020 ◽  
pp. 12-17
Author(s):  
John Idoko ◽  
Gift Charles ◽  
Mary Nyia ◽  
Victor Charles
Keyword(s):  
Economic Value ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Hibiscus Sabdariffa ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Saponification Value ◽  
The World ◽  
Normal Hexane ◽  
Extracting Solvent

Hibiscus sabdariffa (yakwua seed) is one of economic value in tropical and subtropical regions around the world due to diverse industrial, medical and food uses. In this work, oil was extracted from the seed of Hibiscus sabdariffa using normal hexane as extracting solvent. The extraction was carried out at temperature of 70°C at 3-4 hours to ensure optimum oil yield. At a range of 3-4 hours extraction time and at a temperature of 70°C, the average oil yield obtained was 17.8%. The physical state of oil extracted is liquid/yellow greenish in colour with characteristic pleasant smell, relative density of (0.92 g/m3) , refractive index of (1.46),specific gravity of (0.91), and viscosity of (43.67mm2/sec) and the chemical parameters were also determine, the saponification value of (166.20 mgKOH/kg), acid value of (1.40 mgKOH/g), free fatty acid is (0.55 mgKOH/g), peroxide value of (6.90 mg/kg), iodine value of (80.03 g I2/100 g), and ester value of (164.79 mgKOH/g),are comparable with other oils extracted from other sources suitable for consumption. This reveals that the oil extracted from Hibiscus sabdariffa can be used both domestically and industrially, as the seed is already used by michika community for production of traditional maggi called dadawa in Hausa.

Organoleptic and physicochemical properties of ‘Hass’ avocado (Persea americana Mill) oil extract obtained using cold press technology

Food Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 360-365
Author(s):  
N. Chimuti ◽  
T.K. Takalani ◽  
T.A. Anyasi
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Persea Americana ◽  
Colour Properties ◽  
Cold Press ◽  
Avocado Oil ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Oil Extract ◽  
Hass Avocado ◽  
Percentage Free Fatty Acid

Largely grown in tropical and subtropical regions of the world, avocado (Persea americana Mill) contains 3 – 30% of oil in its pulp, depending on the variety. This study profiled the quality attributes of oil obtained from ‘Hass’ avocado cultivar using the cold press method of extraction. Physicochemical properties of saponification value (SV), acid value (AV), percentage free fatty acid (FFA) and colour were determined for the extracted oil samples. Sensory analysis was conducted to determine consumer acceptability of the ‘Hass’ avocado oil extract. Results of the analysis showed a significant difference (p<0.05) in the SV, AV and FFA of the avocado oil extract. A significant difference was also found to exist in the L* and a* colour properties of the extracted oil. On the determination of the organoleptic properties, it was observed that consumers displayed a higher preference for commercial pure avocado oil than the extracted oil used in this study, although extracted ‘Hass’ avocado oil exhibited higher physicochemical properties when compared to commercial pure avocado oil.

scholarly journals Characterization of the Eucalyptus ( E. Globulus) Leaves Oil

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Astaq Mohal Khan ◽  
Seatara Khatun ◽  
MK Hossain ◽  
M L Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Eucalyptus Globulus ◽  
Climatic Condition ◽  
Optical Rotation ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Volatile Oil ◽  
Chemical Society ◽  
Distillation Method ◽  
Saponification Value ◽  
Physico Chemical

Studies were carried out on the characterization of Eucalyptus globulus leaves oil. It is found that Eucalyptus globulus tree bears a lot of leaves which are grown under the soil texture and climatic condition of Bangladesh contain a fair amount of pale yellow  coloured volatile oil. The oil of the leaves were extracted by hydro distillation method     during the month of July to December. The highest yield (3.5%) of the oil was obtained from the maturity leaves of the tree in the month of July and the lowest yield (0.08) in the month of December. Physico-chemical characteristics of the extracted oil like saponification value, acid value, iodine value, specific gravity, refractive index, optical     rotation and separation of lipid classes were studied by the conventional methods and the results suggested that the oil can be used suitably for the preparation of pharmaceutical  and industrial products. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbcs.v25i1.11780 Journal of Bangladesh Chemical Society, Vol. 25(2),97-100, 2012

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document