scholarly journals Evaluation of the Chemical and Oil Composition of Balsam Apple (Momordica balsamina) seed

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
B. I. Yerima ◽  
A. Umar
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Food Supplement ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Good Source ◽  
Saponification Value

This research is aimed at the proximate chemical analysis of Momordica balsamina seeds with some properties of the oil. The results of the study showed that the seeds has high percentage of crude lipids, (38.77±0.15%) crude carbohydrates, (31.46±0.14%), crude proteins, (20.25±0.10%), moisture content, (5.25±0.25) and crude fibre, (1.67±0.20) as the least, with calorific value of (486.22Kcal) and some selected minerals Na, Mg, Ca, Fe with the concentration, 7.5, 61.5, 42, and 6.2(mg/100 g) respectively. So also, the oil indicated to have acid value of 0.426 and Saponification value of 183.4.Hence Momordica balsamina seeds could be a good source of food supplement.

Physico-chemical Analysis of Tangashree Ghrita

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asha F. Hosur ◽  
Mamatha K. V. ◽  
Veena B. Kupati
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Iodine Value ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Who Guidelines ◽  
Saponification Value ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Chemical Studies

Quality of the drug is basic need of the era, Analytical tests are helpful to overcome the impurity or substandard of drugs. By following these tests we can ensure the qualities of drugs and promise the good result in treating the disease. Materials and methods: Physico‐chemical studies like Refractive index, Acid value, Saponification value, Iodine value and moisture content were carried out as per the WHO guidelines, Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia and Indian Pharmacopoeia. Conclusion: Standardization tests done on Tangashri Ghrita are useful in authentication and ensuring the quality of the same.

scholarly journals Physiochemical analysis of oil extracted from Vitelleria paradoxa seed obtained from Wukari North Eastern Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 059-066
Author(s):  
Azuaga TI ◽  
Azuaga IC ◽  
Okpaegbe UC ◽  
Ibrahim AI ◽  
Manasseh CK
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Melting Point ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Iodine Value ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Saponification Value

Soxhlet extraction of oil from seeds of Vitelleria paradoxa was carried out using n-hexane as the solvent. Standards methods were adopted in the analysis of the physiochemical properties; moisture content, melting point, total ash content, pH, specific gravity, iodine value, saponification value, acid value, free fatty acid value and ester value were all evaluated. The oil recovery rate was good with 32.6% yield, moisture content of 3.1%, melting point of 52oC and pH 5.7. Total ash content was 50.3%, specific gravity of 0.9 g/cm3, iodine value 39 mg/L, saponification value 224.6 mgKOH/g, acid value 59.9 mgKOH/g free fatty acid (FFA) 29.9 mgKOH/L and ester value 164.7 mg/L. The results shows that oil from Vitelleria paradoxa seed holds the potentials for wider applications in foods, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, lubricants and soap making.

scholarly journals Pharmacognostic Screening of Elaeis guineensis ( Aracaceae) Jacq. Oil and its Effect as an Antidote on Cyanide Poisoning

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3-s) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Felix N. Osuala ◽  
Uchenna E. Odoh ◽  
Grace O. Muoneme ◽  
Sylvester C. Ohadoma
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Physicochemical Analysis ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Acute Toxicity Test ◽  
Cyanide Poisoning ◽  
Saponification Value ◽  
Oil Extract

Introduction: Elaeis guinenesis is a perennial monocot belonging to the family Arecaceae. It is the source of the oil commonly called African palm oil or macaw fat which in traditional medicine has many uses Aim: This study is focused on the pharmacognostic screening of oil of Elaeis guineensis, and its antidotal effect on cyanide poisoning. Method: The extracted oil was subjected to various screening technique in order to determine its quality, purity and chemical constituents. The oil was macroscopically examined; acute toxicity test of Elaeis guineensis oil was carried out on rats. The oil was subjected to heating to determine the moisture content. Phytochemical analysis was also carried out on the palm oil extract. The physicochemical analysis was carried to determine the acid value, saponification value, ester value, hydroxyl value and iodine value. The Ld50 for the pure cyanide was carried out on the rats using “Up and Down” method. The antidotal study of Elaeis guineensis oil was carried out on the rats. Result: Macroscopic evaluation showed, the oil was in fresh condition, smooth texture, bright red colour, characteristic taste, oily appearance and a characterictic smell. The Phytochemical analysis showed the presence of flavonoids, phenols, tannins, saponnins, alkaloids, steroids and terpenoids. The physicochemical analysis showed that the oil has an acid value of 31.2, Saponification value of 194.8, Ester value 163.54, Peroxide value of 18.0, Hydroxyl Percentage of 2.07% and Free Fatty Acid of 3.65. The moisture content was calculated to be 0.2%. For the acute toxicity test on the oil using Lorkes method no death was recorded. The LD50 of the cyanide carried out on the rats showed that the lethal dose of cyanide is 5 mg/kg. The antidotal effect of Elaeis guineensis oil showed the absence of death on the group given oil extract alone and the groups that were poisoned and given the oil (antidote) within 4 minutes. Deaths were recorded for the groups that were administered antidotes after 8 minutes. Conclusion: Elaeis guineensis oil has counteracting effect on cyanide poisoning if administered within four minutes of cyanide ingestion.  

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Physico-Chemical Properties of Oil Extract From Two Varieties of Fluted Pumpkin Seeds Using Different Extraction Methods

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-60
Author(s):  
M. O. Sunmonu ◽  
E. O. Ajala ◽  
M. M. Odewole ◽  
S. Morrison ◽  
A. M. Alabi
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Mean Values

This study investigates physical and chemical properties two seeds namely Ugba (Telfairia pedata) and Ugwu (Telfairia occidentalis) using soaking soxhlet methods of extraction. The physical properties examined are moisture content, ash content, crude protein, fat and oil, crude fibre and carbohydrates. The chemical properties examined are Acid value (mgKOH/g), saponification value, iodine value, free fatty acid, peroxide and refractive index. Higher mean values of moisture content, ash content, crude fibre and carbohydrates were noticed in Ugwu than in Ugba under soaking method. However, the trend was reversed for crude protein and free fatty acid, in whose case they appear to be higher in Ugba than in Ugwu. For soxhlet method, moisture content, ash content, crude fibre and carbohydrates seems to have higher mean values in Ugwu seed compared to when Ugba seed was used. However, crude protein and fat and oil content were higher using Ugba seed than Ugwu seed oil. For soaking method, Ugba seed seem to produce higher mean values of sap value, iodine value, and refractive index when compared with Ugwu seed. On the other Ugwu, seems to produce acid value, free fatty acid and peroxide value when compared with ugba for soaking method. Using soxhlet apparatus however, Ugba seed produces higher mean values for acid value, sap value, iodine value, and free fatty acid compared to Ugwu. The reverse was the case with peroxide and refractive index, still with soxhlet apparatus.Kathmandu University Journal of Science, Engineering and TechnologyVol. 13, No. 2, 2017, page: 48-60

scholarly journals Studies on Fatty Acids Composition and Some Valuable Nutrients of Piper nigrum Linn. (Gol Morich)

2015 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-68
Author(s):  
Md Delowar Hossain ◽  
Bishwagith Kumer Paul ◽  
Sudhangshu Umar Roy ◽  
Gour Chandra Saha ◽  
Feroza Begum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Black Pepper ◽  
Piper Nigrum ◽  
Good Source ◽  
Fatty Oil ◽  
Saponification Value ◽  
Physical And Chemical

This study deals with physical and chemical characteristics and some nutritional properties of the fatty oil extracted from Piper nigrum Linn. (Black Pepper). The seeds of Black Pepper contained fatty acids 12.02% of which the saturated and unsaturated fatty acids contributed 68.71% and 31.29%, respectively. The fatty acids identified by GLC are lauric acid (26.93%), myristic (8.26%), palmitoleic (13.47%), palmitic (12.24%), oleic (17.82%), stearic (17.28%) and lignoceric acid (4.00%). The specific gravity and refractive index were recorded as 0.924 at 30°C and 1.461 at 26°C, respectively. The saponification value, iodine value, peroxide value, acid value and percentage of unsaponifiable matter were found to be 177.92, 15.86, 472.97, 8.27 and 43.28, respectively. The moisture content (2.17%), dry matter (97.83%), ash (12.49%), nitrogen (1.85), protein (11.56%), carbohydrate (45.16%), crude fiber (16.66%) and food energy (335.06 g cal-1) showed that Black pepper seeds are good source of dietary fiber. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujs.v62i2.21967 Dhaka Univ. J. Sci. 62(2): 65-68, 2014 (July)

scholarly journals Preparation of Sesame Flour Supplemented High Protein and Energy Food Bars

2016 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-32
Author(s):  
Sabiha Abbas ◽  
Mian Kamran Sharif ◽  
Faiz-ul-Hassan Shah ◽  
Rebia Ejaz
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Water Activity ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Maximum Energy ◽  
Peanut Flour ◽  
Mold Growth ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Nitrogen Free Extract ◽  
Mineral Profile

In this study, defatted sesame flour was mixed in different proportions (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%and given names as T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, respectively) with peanut flour and semolina to develop proteinenriched sesame bars. These bars were analysed for physicochemical properties. Water activity, texture,calorific value, mineral profile, microbial examination and sensory evaluation were done at ambienttemperature for 90 days. Results showed that water activity decreased from T0-T4 with mean values 0.6038-0.4308, respectively. Hardness decreased within treatments from T0-T4 with mean values ranges from966.86 to 211.48 g while, factorability increased from 70.41 to 100.33 mm. Calorific value was alsoincreased with maximum energy value found in T4 (5355.5Kcal/g) and minimum in T0 (3445.9Kcal/g).During storage, mold growth was increased from 3.2758CFU/g (T0) to 3.6008CFU/g (T4). Sensoryevaluation results showed that T2 gave overall best results having moisture content 4.5%, crude protein35.73%, crude fat 0.61%, crude fibre 2.14%, total ash 2.44% and nitrogen free extract (NFE) 46.04.

scholarly journals QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS OF CASSIA SIEBERIANA L.SEED OIL

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-297
Author(s):  
A. A. Warra
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Iodine Value ◽  
Peroxide Value ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Saponification Value ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus

Oil was extracted from the seed of Cassia sieberiana Lusing soxhlet apparatus. The oil yield was 9.26±0.01% and the colour of the seed oil was dark yellow. The results of the physico-chemical analysis revealed the following; acid value, iodine value, saponification value, peroxide value, relative density and refractive index of 0.35±0.01 mgKOH/g , 135.60 ±0.10 gI2/100g, 235.62 ±0.01 mgKOH/g, 1.8 ±0.10meq H2O2 , 0.8185±0.00 (g/cm3) and 1.4415 ±5.77 respectively indicating the suitability of the seed oil for pharmaceutical and cosmetic applications.

scholarly journals Comparative Physicochemical and Proximate Analyses of Different Extracts of Persea americana

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Imoisi ◽  
U.C. Michael
Keyword(s):  
Acid Value ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Persea Americana ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Avocado Oil ◽  
Saponification Value ◽  
Acidic Nature ◽  
Crude Fibre Content ◽  
Proximate Analyses

Avocado and Avocado oil are high in monosaturated oleic acid, a heart-healthy fatty acid that is believed to be one of the main reasons for the health benefits of olive oil. This study, was therefore carried out to determine the physicochemical and proximate composition of the seed and rind of avocado pear with the extraction and characterization of oil obtained from the seed and rind using solvent extraction. The phytochemical screening was also carried out on the seed and rind of avocado pear oil. The moisture contents were (51.05% and 71.77%) for the seed and rind respectively. The ash content of the unripe seed and rind were (0.52% and 0.55%) respectively. The fat (lipid) content in both the unripe seed and rind oil were (21.41g and 9.53 g) respectively. The unripe rind sample was richer in protein (6.4%) and unripe seed being lower (3.04%) to the rind. The crude fibre content for the seed and rind oil were (51.2 g and 2.54 g) respectively. Saponification value of the oil from unripe seed had a higher value of 258.82 mg KOH/g and for unripe rind was 203.47 mg KOH/g. The peroxide value for oil obtained from both unripe seed and rind of Persea americana were 0.91 mg/kg and 0.33 mg/kg respectively. Acid value was low in the unripe seed with a mean value of 0.057 mg KOH/g. It was observed that the Acid value for unripe rind was 0.058 mg KOH/g. The iodine value for rind was 182.85 (gI2/100 g), the seed oil contains 53.78 (gI2/100 g) of iodine. The refractive index was 1.21 and 1.35 for the unripe seed and rind oil respectively. The pH of the various avocado pear extracts also showed their slightly acidic nature.

scholarly journals Tradition and Technology with special respect to Dhouta Samskara of Shatadhouta Ghrita

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shreevathsa S ◽  
Bharathi B Hiremath ◽  
Dileep Kumar ◽  
Shivappa Pujari ◽  
Rajesh V M
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Iodine Value ◽  
Copper Content ◽  
Molecular Size ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Organoleptic Properties ◽  
Saponification Value ◽  
Special Respect

Ayurveda the science of health care system of medicine has been considered very important since ages. It has narrated many important principles regarding svastya (health), ahara (diet), vyadhi (disease) and aoushadha kalpanas (formlation of medicine). Ghrita is one among the chaturvidha sneha explained in Ayurveda and widely used as ahara and aoushada. Many ghrita samskara’s   are explained in classical texts of Aurveda. Shatadhouta ghrita is one such unique preparation and an example for dhouta samskara. And in laboratory it is evaluated for its pH, organoleptic, properties, moisture content, molecular size, viscosity, copper content, acid value, saponification value, iodine value in JSS Pharmacy College Mysore. Hence an attempt is being made to prepare and analyze the Shatadhouta ghrita in laboratory and to emphasize the importance of samskara explained in Ayurveda.

scholarly journals Determination of the Quality of Coconut Oils (Unrefined Grade) and (Refined Grade) Produced from Three Survey Regions of East Godavari District, India

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
G. V. Pavan Kumar ◽  
N. V. V. S. S. Lakshmi ◽  
Ch. Deena ◽  
V. Chandra Sekhar ◽  
N. Mehar Nikhitha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Continuous Processing ◽  
Saponification Value ◽  
Three Samples

Aim: The study sought to assess the quality of coconut oil extracted from fresh copra milk by Traditional fermentation(FWCE) and from dry copra balls by continuous processing using expellers(TDCE,DMCE) method with respect to moisture content (MC), free fatty acid (FFA) content, Acid value (AV) and Saponification value in comparison with Food safety and standards authority of India. Methodology: Three samples of coconut oil were taken from major processing centers in east Godavari district (AMP, SML, KRG) for quality determination. Similarly three samples of coconut oil were prepared from fresh grated coconut milk in the Medicinal chemistry laboratory at Korangi College of pharmacy and three samples were prepared from dry coconut cups. Replicate titer values of each of the nine (09) oil samples obtained were compared with brand double refined oil and the averages were taken into consideration. The AOAC and AOCS methods were used in the analyses and the results compared with Standards provided by Food safety and standards authority of India, Coconut Development Board, Kochi. Results: The results showed that 50% of the total fermented oil sample had high moisture content than standard and expected to undergo oxidative rancidity. According to the standards, 100% of the oil samples had free fatty acids and acid value within acceptable range indicating no signs of rancidity. Conclusion: There was a significant difference in saponification value, free fatty acid profile and moisture content of Traditional fermented (FWCE) and dry copra balls by continuous processing expellers (TDCE, DMCE) method. The ANOVA (P<0.05) showed that there were significant differences in the MC, FFA, AV of oils produced among the processing centers and that produced in laboratory. The processes involved in all the extraction centers vary and might have accounted for that. The results indicate that the coconut oils produced in both the cases meet the standards however new technologies in processing should be adopted to improve the quality to meet the standards.

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