scholarly journals EXPLORING PRESENT ABILITY: A COLLOSTRUCTIONAL APPROACH

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (48) ◽  
pp. 105-115
Author(s):  
Tiana Tošić Lojanica ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Method ◽  
General Ability ◽  
Verb Constructions ◽  
Modal Verb ◽  
Main Verb ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Compare And Contrast ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
Present Ability

The paper investigates two constructions commonly thought to be semantically equivalent, S can V and S be able to V. Both modal can and semi-modal be able to are used to express ability that could be described as either mental or acquired accomplishment, pertaining to past or present. The difference between them is typically denoted as general ability or that someone managed to do something on a particular occasion. If not limited by the main verb (e.g. there is a constraint against can after another modal verb), can and be able to are mostly interchangeable. Starting from the premise that every construction carries meaning which is dependent on the meaning of lexical elements occurring in that construction, the aim is to shed light on the usage of the two verb constructions and the degree of their interchangeability by examining their complements. To compare and contrast the two constructions, we rely on a corpus-based and quantitative method of collostructional analysis (Gries and Stefanowitsch 2004), or specifically on distinctive collexeme analysis which allows us to determine if the V slot in the construction is preferred by or restricted to particular lexemes. As S can V and S be able to V are highly attested in the corpus, the research is restricted only to their meaning of the present ability

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF COMPONENT SEMANTICS IN MODAL VERB CONSTRUCTIONS WITH THE MODAL VERBS OF “OBLIGATION” ON THEIR GRAMMATICAL AND STATISTICAL FEATURES (ON THE BASIS OF THE TECHNICAL DISCOURSE TEXTS)

2018 ◽  
pp. 82-99
Author(s):  
T. Borisenko ◽  
M. Tsinovaya ◽  
L. Tsapenko ◽  
T. Sirotenko
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Engineering ◽  
The United States ◽  
Statistical Characteristics ◽  
Modal Verbs ◽  
Verb Semantics ◽  
Text Corpora ◽  
Verb Constructions ◽  
Modal Verb ◽  
Main Verb ◽  
Technical Discourse

The article presents the study of Modal verb constructions with the modal verbs of “obligation” must, have to+ Inf., be to + Inf. functioning in the scientific and technical discourse texts. The material of the research are three technical text corpora, which belong to engineering fields scientifically and technically unrelated to each other – “Electrical Engineering (Energy Supply and Power Management)”, “Automotive Industry” and “Chemical Engineering” – and compiled on the basis of scientific journals of the United States and Great Britain. This allows to obtain the results that are supposedly of a universal nature and can be applied practically to any field of scientific discourse. The goal is to consider: firstly, which semantic groups of verbs (in different grammatical forms) are attached to a particular modal verb, i.e. the following interrelationship is defined: the semantics of a modal verb – semantics and form of a main verb (the second constituent of the modal construction); secondly, to what extent this interdependence affects the usage frequency of the various semantic groups of the main verbs that make up certain MVCs. The results of the research have demonstrated that in Modal verb constructions of this type functioning in the scientific technical discourse texts the predicative meaning of modal verbs is determinant for the semantic features of main verbs connecting to them (modal verbs). The main verb semantics in its turn influences on their (main verbs) grammatical and statistical characteristics. The modal verb must has the highest frequency of use in scientific texts. It gives imperative which underlines the author’s stability of position and faultlessness of the obtained and presented results. Have to + Inf. MVC is much less frequent and it is a result of the modal component semantics of this construction. Modal verb constructions where the modal verb is be to + Inf. are used by the authors of scientific articles quite rarely, which can be also explained by semantic peculiarities of the verb be to + Inf. In Modal verb constructions with the modal verbs of “obligation” must, have to+ Inf., be to + Inf. the passive voice is more preferable than active voice because in the scientific and technical discourse texts human activity does not manifest evidently since the authors should take second place and be present indirectly through their scientific achievements.

Retail Mix Dan Kepuasan Konsumen Minimarket

Liquidity ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-62
Author(s):  
Siti Maryama ◽  
Yayat Sujatna
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Satisfaction ◽  
Quantitative Method ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
T Test ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Retail Industry ◽  
Location Data ◽  
Store Design ◽  
Customer Services ◽  
The Difference

The purpose of this study is to (1) analyzing the level of retail mix consumer satisfaction; (2) analyze the dominant variable in retail mix consumer satisfaction; (3) analyze the difference of retail mix consumer satisfaction performed. The observed of the retail industry is Alfamidi and Indomaret. The study was designed into a descriptive-quantitative method. The source of primary data obtained from the questionnaire of 100 respondents. The formulating variable of retail mix includes: merchandise assortments, pricing, customer services Store design and display, communication mix, and location. Data analyze by using descriptive, analysis of factors, and t-test. The result confirmed that the level of retail mix consumer satisfaction in both industry is relatively similar. However, it can be stated that the respondents were more satisfied to Indomaret compared with Alfamart.

Causation, Explanation, and the Metaphysics of Aspect

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradford Skow
Keyword(s):  
Background Condition ◽  
Structural Explanation ◽  
Levels Of Explanation ◽  
Lexical Aspect ◽  
The Third ◽  
Main Verb ◽  
The Difference ◽  
In Virtue Of

This book aims to answer the following questions: what is the difference between a cause and a background condition? What is it to manifest a disposition? Can dispositions be extrinsic? What is the most basic kind of causation? And, what might a structural explanation be? Each chapter takes up a subset of these questions; the chapters are written to be readable independently. The answers defended rely on three ideas. Two of those ideas use a distinction from the study of lexical aspect, namely the distinction between stative verbs and non-stative verbs. The first idea is that events go with non-stative verbs, in the sense that “If S, then an event occurred in virtue of the fact that S” is true when the main verb in the clause going in for “S” is non-stative. The second is that acting, doing something, goes with non-stative verbs, in the sense that “In Ving X did something” is true iff V is a non-stative verb. The third idea is about levels of explanation: “(A because B) because C” does not entail “A because C.”

scholarly journals Fragment answers and double negation in strict negative concord languages

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anamaria Fălăuș ◽  
Andreea Nicolae
Keyword(s):  
Negative Concord ◽  
Double Negation ◽  
Polarity Item ◽  
Polarity Sensitivity ◽  
Fragment Answers ◽  
Explanatory Account ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Two Parameters ◽  
Polarity Sensitive ◽  
Shed Light

This paper revisits the phenomenon of negative concord (NC) as an instance of polarity sensitivity. We shed light on a new set of data regarding n-words as fragment answers to negative questions and show that we find unexpected double negation (DN) readings for fragment n-words in view of their behavior in non-elliptical constructions. To account for this pattern, we offer an updated version of the hypothesis that n-words are strong NPIs, making use of an alternative and exhaustification approach. We argue that the difference between n-words and other NPIs should be seen as the result of two parameters: (i) whether reconstruction of the polarity item is allowed, and (ii) whether the polarity item has the ability to license a covert negation operator. The result is an explanatory account of NC and DN readings in both non-elliptical and elliptical environments, which allows for an easier integration of n-words in the broader typology of polarity sensitive items. 

scholarly journals Converging physiological roles of the anthrax toxin receptors

F1000Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 1415
Author(s):  
Oksana A. Sergeeva ◽  
F. Gisou van der Goot
Keyword(s):  
Anthrax Toxin ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
Hyaline Fibromatosis Syndrome ◽  
Anthrax Toxins ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Related Proteins ◽  
Tumor Endothelial Marker 8 ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Shed Light

The anthrax toxin receptors—capillary morphogenesis gene 2 (CMG2) and tumor endothelial marker 8 (TEM8)—were identified almost 20 years ago, although few studies have moved beyond their roles as receptors for the anthrax toxins to address their physiological functions. In the last few years, insight into their endogenous roles has come from two rare diseases: hyaline fibromatosis syndrome, caused by mutations in CMG2, and growth retardation, alopecia, pseudo-anodontia, and optic atrophy (GAPO) syndrome, caused by loss-of-function mutations in TEM8. Although CMG2 and TEM8 are highly homologous at the protein level, the difference in disease symptoms points to variations in the physiological roles of the two anthrax receptors. Here, we focus on the similarities between these receptors in their ability to regulate extracellular matrix homeostasis, angiogenesis, cell migration, and skin elasticity. In this way, we shed light on how mutations in these two related proteins cause such seemingly different diseases and we highlight the existing knowledge gaps that could form the focus of future studies.

Charles Liernurs pneumatische riool en het besturen van bodems

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3/4) ◽  
pp. 311-327
Author(s):  
Maarten Meijer
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Final Section ◽  
Dutch Society ◽  
Urban Waste ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sewage System ◽  
Agricultural Chemistry ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Shed Light

Abstract Charles Liernur’s Pneumatic Sewage System and the Governing of Soils This article interrogates the epistemological conditions of Charles Liernur’s pneumatic sewage system in order to shed light on the changing relation between soils and Dutch society in the nineteenth century. The first section discusses the relation between hygienism, soil and sewage. The second section unearths how Liernur’s design related to the agricultural chemistry of Justus Liebig. Through the epistemologies and the mediating technologies that are operationalized by hygienists and chemists, soils are made governable. The final section of this article discusses the struggle to commercialise the urban waste collected by Liernur’s system, highlighting the difference between governable and governed soils.

Workplace Location and ICTs Substituting Travel

2010 ◽  
pp. 205-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greger Henriksson ◽  
Minna Räsänen
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Social Practices ◽  
Time Service ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Relations Of Power ◽  
Shed Light

This chapter is based on the assumption that keeping the number and length of business and commuting trips at reasonable levels could contribute to reaching targets of environmental sustainability. The authors highlight a couple of options for reducing or avoiding business trips and commuting through workplace location or improved use of communications. They present case studies concerning travel and communications, carried out by using diaries and interviews. They also present relevant literature on social practices and sustainability goals in relation to use of ICT. The aim is to shed light on variation in the use of travel and communications on an individual level in work life. The case studies illustrate that such variation is mainly due to the concrete practices involved in execution of professional duties and roles. Duties that involve a clearly defined end result or product being delivered regularly by the member of staff are correlated to clearly defined needs for communications. Less clearly defined end results of the work duties seem to make it harder for the individual to plan and perform communication and travel in a more energy saving way. The difference in professional duties can thus be expressed in terms of clarity and maturity. Another factor that affect who can replace travel with ICTs is relations of power, e.g., when a purchaser dictates the terms for a subcontractor concerning how and where to “deliver” his working time, service or product. The importance of clarity, maturity and power aspects means that professional practices need to be studied at a detailed level to find out who could substitute ICTs for travel and how this could be done.

scholarly journals An internal promoter underlies the difference in disease severity between N- and C-terminal truncation mutations of Titin in zebrafish

eLife ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Zou ◽  
Diana Tran ◽  
Mai Baalbaki ◽  
Ling Fung Tang ◽  
Annie Poon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dilated Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Protein Product ◽  
Dominant Negative ◽  
Precise Position ◽  
Internal Promoter ◽  
Sarcomeric Protein ◽  
Skeletal Myopathy ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Shed Light

Truncating mutations in the giant sarcomeric protein Titin result in dilated cardiomyopathy and skeletal myopathy. The most severely affected dilated cardiomyopathy patients harbor Titin truncations in the C-terminal two-thirds of the protein, suggesting that mutation position might influence disease mechanism. Using CRISPR/Cas9 technology, we generated six zebrafish lines with Titin truncations in the N-terminal and C-terminal regions. Although all exons were constitutive, C-terminal mutations caused severe myopathy whereas N-terminal mutations demonstrated mild phenotypes. Surprisingly, neither mutation type acted as a dominant negative. Instead, we found a conserved internal promoter at the precise position where divergence in disease severity occurs, with the resulting protein product partially rescuing N-terminal truncations. In addition to its clinical implications, our work may shed light on a long-standing mystery regarding the architecture of the sarcomere.

The Impact of Click and Mortar on Consumers Intention to Purchase Online

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Rasha Abdulkhalek
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Business Model ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
Quantitative Method ◽  
Online Shopping ◽  
Moderator Variables ◽  
Intention To Purchase ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Shopping Motivation ◽  
The Impact

This paper aims to clarify the impact of click and mortar business model on Lebanese consumers’ intention to purchase online. Also to compare the hedonic and utilitarian shopping motivation towards the online option of click and mortar business model. The research methodology is based on Saunders research onion, positivism philosophy, deductive approach, a quantitative method based on a survey distributed to 1365 Lebanese respondents. Using regression analysis and correlation test, the author found that utilitarian and hedonic motivation have a different effect on consumers’ intention to purchase online from click and mortar companies. It also shows the moderator variables have different effects on consumers’ motivation to purchase online. This paper is unique for its palpation in addressing an important topic in the Lebanese market. Actually, the findings of this study create the floor for marketers and academics to generalize the difference between hedonic and utilitarian shopping motivation towards online shopping from click and mortar business model. The findings reveal that consumers are shifting towards shopping online. So click and mortar business model is a must.

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