scholarly journals TRANSLATION AS A HUMAN ACTION

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Coşkun Doğan
Keyword(s):  
Social Role ◽  
Human Action ◽  
Social Cooperation ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
Cultural Transfer ◽  
Translation Strategies ◽  
Multilateral Cooperation ◽  
Individual Structure ◽  
The Individual

Translation act, which has been regarded as a sub-discipline of linguistics for many years, has a theoretical structure as an independent science. In this context, his understanding of translation act has also changed. The act of translation does not only consist of linguistic and textual problems. The act of translation is no longer an interlanguage transfer process and is carried out within the framework of multilateral cooperation. The translator, who is expected to perform the translation act in all its dimensions alone, now directs translation in the context of cooperation as a social business. This new understanding of translation, which puts the translator at the center of the translation act, imposes a social responsibility on the translator. As an expert, the translator undertakes a social role by planning the translation act. Translation, which is an act of cultural transference from the source text, is expected to be reflected in accordance with its function in culture. In this sense, the emotions, creativity and conditions of the translator as a person affect the cultural transfer through the act of translation. Translation act is a process planned by the translator. This process is determined individually. In this respect, the individual structure characteristics and experiences of the translator who directs the translation act are also of great importance. While analyzing the text in the translation process, the translator must also implement translation strategies according to text differences. Otherwise, the balance between the source text and the target text will be disrupted. The act of translation, as an act of thought, is a human act of the translator that bridges different socio-cultural structures. In this study, the problems experienced by the translator while performing the translation act as a human will be examined. The importance of the identity of the translator who performs the act of translation as a cultural transfer function in the context of social cooperation will be examined. Problems arising from the fact that translation act is a human act will be interpreted as a qualitative research by scanning the relevant sources. <p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0750/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

scholarly journals Foreignization and domestication strategies in cultural term translation of tourism brochures

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 171
Author(s):  
Choirul Fuadi
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
Translation Strategies ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Cultural Terms ◽  
Analysis Strategy ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Special Region

<p>In translating brochure, a translator has to make a decision on the basis of the message and purpose. The translator is faced by two strategies of translation – foreignization and domestication. The purpose of the study is to examine how the interrelationship between cultural term translation and foreignization or domestication strategy in the cultural term translation of tourism brochure from Indonesian into English. This study used qualitative descriptive with discourse analysis strategy. The note-taking technique is used to identify and classify the data. The objects of the study are tourism brochures from Province of Special Region of Yogyakarta and Central Java in 2015. The findings show that the translation strategies used depend on the translation process. When the cultural terms are familiar, translator tends to use domestication strategy and consider the target text. Translator chooses domestication strategy because try to make tourist understand the text and produce communicative and natural translation. On the other hand, when cultural terms are foreign, translator using foreignization strategy and consider source text. Using foreignization strategy, translator tends to introduce traditional cultural term.</p>

scholarly journals The Application of Translation Strategies to Cope With Equivalence Problems in Translating Texts

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Dhini Aulia
Keyword(s):  
Equivalence Problem ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
Translation Strategies ◽  
Source Language ◽  
Specific Concept ◽  
Equivalence Problems

Translation is a process to render the meaning from the source text into the target text. A translator, however, will find some problems during translation process. Equivalence is the case which often appears (i.e. culture specific concept, the source-language concept is not lexicalized in the target language, source-language word is semantically complex, etc). To cope with equivalnce problems in translation process, some experts suggest some strategies which can be applied in doing translation. Some strategies are transference, naturalization, cultural equivalent, etc. The strategies which often appears in the example texts in this paper are transference, naturalization, descriptive equivalent, couplet and  through-translation. It is recomended that translator apply the strategies if only there is no equivalence problem in target language. 

scholarly journals Play for Two Voices: On Translating the Poetry of Anja Utler

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Kurt Beals
Keyword(s):  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Translation Theory ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
Translation Strategies ◽  
Translation Practice ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Polysemous Words ◽  
Theoretical Conceptualization

Written in the form of a dialog between translator and translation theorist, this article considers both the difficulty and the necessity of a reciprocal, mutually informed relationship between translation theory and practice. The starting point of the article is my experience translating the poetry of Anja Utler, a contemporary Austrian poet whose linguistic experimentation poses a significant translation challenge. Utler's poetry functions in part by means of what she calls “interweaving” (“Verflechtung”), making use of highly polysemous words to efface boundaries between landscape, body, and language. In addition to blurring semantic lines, Utler also employs certain syntactical and grammatical characteristics of the German language (such as separable prefixes) in unorthodox ways that multiply possibilities of meaning. One of the greatest difficulties for a translator, then, is to find ways of approximating this semantic and syntactic play and innovation in a language that rarely offers a one-to-one equivalent. In addition to addressing specific practical issues in translating Utler's poetry, I consider the role that translation theory played in shaping my translation strategies, and more generally the interaction between the theoretical conceptualization of translation and its actual execution. I also describe my communication with the author, who has contributed greatly to the translation process, supporting an idea of translation as collaboration. Translation theory and practice appear less as correctives to each other than as a cooperative undertaking, part of a conversation between translator, theorist, author, and reader from which, ideally, all sides benefit in the end. By portraying this exchange as an internal dialog, I hope to demonstrate that the realms of translation practice and theory are not alien to one another, but rather engaged in constant, productive exchange, both within the mind of the individual translator/theorist and on the level of translation as a social phenomenon.

scholarly journals Cultural Perspective in The Translation of Slang Expressions in Subtitle Die Hard 3

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahmawati Sukmaningrum ◽  
Ajeng Setyorini
Keyword(s):  
Target Language ◽  
Common Word ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
Cultural Transfer ◽  
Translation Strategies ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Expressive Meaning ◽  
And Function

The paper focuses upon the problem of trans-cultural transfer in subtitling of Die Hard 3 movie dialogues. Language and culture may thus be seen as being closely related and both aspects must be considered for translation. The methodology of the research involves analysis of the type and function of slang expressions and their translating strategies viewed from cultural perspective. The data reveal that in translation process the translator used the effect of softening. The consideration of the target reader is taken account in choosing the translation strategies. As the result, the authors found 7 specific slang expressions that were translated using loan translation. Meanwhile, the total number of general slang expressions from the mivie was 90. There are six strategies applied by the translator to translate the slang expressions that belong to general slang type. They are; (1) Translating General Slang using common word or phrase of similar expressive meaning, (2) Translating General Slang using Shift or Translating General Slang using Transposition, (3) Translating General Slang using Ommision, (4) Translating General Slang using Cultural Equivalent, (5) Translating General Slang using Swearing Words in Target Language, and (6) Translating General Slang using Synonymy.

scholarly journals Concept Selection and Translation Strategy: Subtitling for the Deaf based on Corpus Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catalina Jiménez Hurtado ◽  
Silvia Martínez Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Hard Of Hearing ◽  
Corpus Analysis ◽  
Concept Selection ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
Multimodal Texts ◽  
Translation Strategies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Translation Strategy ◽  
Multimodal Corpus

In the past 20 years, corpus analysis has been applied to different translation modalities. This study used an annotated multimodal corpus of 52 international films of different genres, which had been dubbed in Spanish and subtitled for Spanish Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing (DHH) viewers, according to the AENOR, UNE 153010 (2012) standard. The corpus was annotated at two levels. At the first level, we annotated the information that professional subtitlers selected from the audio mode of the source text to translate into subtitles. At the second level, captured information regarding the translation strategies was used. This allowed us to analyse the translation process and reflect the translation preferences of professional subtitlers. Our first objective was to show how corpus analysis can be applied to the study of multimodal texts. The second objective was to provide valuable insights into the understanding, description and specification of the conceptual and epistemological nature of subtitling for the DHH.

scholarly journals O tłumaczeniu jednego wersu Burzy Shakespeare’a

1970 ◽  
Vol 20 (3(25)) ◽  
pp. 87-103
Author(s):  
Anna Kowalcze‑Pawlik
Keyword(s):  
William Shakespeare ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
Situational Context ◽  
Translation Strategies ◽  
Metaphorical Language ◽  
The Tempest ◽  
Essential Components ◽  
History Of

On Translating One Verse from Shakespeare’s The Tempest: Metaphor in drama translation The aim of this article is to discuss the existing Polish translations of one passage from The Tempest in the light of such essential components of the translation process as the need to include the situational context, metaphorical language as well as the socio‑historical background of the source text. The first part of the article discusses the history of drama translation in Poland with reference to The Tempest of William Shakespeare, while the second part describes translation strategies correlating to two divergent interpretations which link character construction in language with the overall meaning of the dramatic work.

scholarly journals Aspects of translating gender

2002 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Uwe Kjær Nissen
Keyword(s):  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Considerable Influence ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Related Concept ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
Cultural Transfer ◽  
Gender Aspects ◽  
Linguistic Categories ◽  
Pronominal Gender

Grammatical gender and the related concept, 'social gender', are important linguistic categories which, in this article, are used to illustrate that the translation process is not only a 'cross-cultural transfer' but also a cross-ideological transfer. By departing from the view that different languages reflect different ways of perceiving reality, it is argued here that the linguistic structure of languages with regard to gender (i.e. grammatical vs. pronominal gender), as well as different connotations of gender, have a considerable influence upon the translation process and, hence, on how the reader of the target language is meant to perceive reality. The article emphasizes the importance of the translator's role in analyzing gender aspects in the source text and determining the ideological impact gender connotations may have in both the source and the target text.

scholarly journals Towards a Methodological Approach for Frame Identification and Analysis in Translation

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Dejica
Keyword(s):  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Frame Analysis ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Methodological Framework ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
Translation Strategies

Frame analysis is a relatively new methodological approach which shows how people understand activities or situations. It originated in sociology and its application to translation has not been considered practically or theoretically yet, though the advantages may be manifold. Consisting of two main parts, this paper presents a methodology for frame identification and analysis, and suggests this be applied to the translation of pragmatic texts. The first part presents the concepts of frame and frame analysis as they appear in literature and as they are interpreted in this paper for translation purposes. $e second part focuses on the exemplification of a methodological framework which includes the integration of frames into the translation process. It is shown that by using frames, translators can obtain the cognitive image of the text, create various versions of the source text in the target language, and use translation strategies consistently and transparently.

Erfahrung ohne Erfahrenden

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-78
Author(s):  
Petr Kouba
Keyword(s):  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Work Of Art ◽  
New Beginning ◽  
Individual Structure ◽  
The World ◽  
Il Y A ◽  
Individual Existence ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Intentional Structure

This article examines the limits of Heidegger’s ontological description of emotionality from the period of Sein und Zeit and Die Grundbegriffe der Metaphysik along the lines outlined by Lévinas in his early work De l’existence à l’existant. On the basis of the Lévinassian concept of “il y a”, we attempt to map the sphere of the impersonal existence situated out of the structured context of the world. However the worldless facticity without individuality marks the limits of the phenomenological approach to human existence and its emotionality, it also opens a new view on the beginning and ending of the individual existence. The whole structure of the individual existence in its contingency and finitude appears here in a new light, which applies also to the temporal conditions of existence. Yet, this is not to say that Heidegger should be simply replaced by Lévinas. As shows an examination of the work of art, to which brings us our reading of Moravia’s literary exposition of boredom (the phenomenon closely examined in Die Grundbegriffe der Metaphysik), the view on the work of art that is entirely based on the anonymous and worldless facticity of il y a must be extended and complemented by the moment in which a new world and a new individual structure of experience are being born. To comprehend the dynamism of the work of art in its fullness, it is necessary to see it not only as an ending of the world and the correlative intentional structure of the individual existence, but also as their new beginning.

scholarly journals Individual Differences in the Vocal Communication of Malayan Tapirs (Tapirus indicus) Considering Familiarity and Relatedness

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1026
Author(s):  
Robin Walb ◽  
Lorenzo von Fersen ◽  
Theo Meijer ◽  
Kurt Hammerschmidt
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Vocal Communication ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Animal Communication ◽  
Solitary Living ◽  
Low Visibility ◽  
Living Species ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Tapirus Indicus

Studies in animal communication have shown that many species have individual distinct calls. These individual distinct vocalizations can play an important role in animal communication because they can carry important information about the age, sex, personality, or social role of the signaler. Although we have good knowledge regarding the importance of individual vocalization in social living mammals, it is less clear to what extent solitary living mammals possess individual distinct vocalizations. We recorded and analyzed the vocalizations of 14 captive adult Malayan tapirs (Tapirus indicus) (six females and eight males) to answer this question. We investigated whether familiarity or relatedness had an influence on call similarity. In addition to sex-related differences, we found significant differences between all subjects, comparable to the individual differences found in highly social living species. Surprisingly, kinship appeared to have no influence on call similarity, whereas familiar subjects exhibited significantly higher similarity in their harmonic calls compared to unfamiliar or related subjects. The results support the view that solitary animals could have individual distinct calls, like highly social animals. Therefore, it is likely that non-social factors, like low visibility, could have an influence on call individuality. The increasing knowledge of their behavior will help to protect this endangered species.

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