scholarly journals Metaphor as a Basic Component of the Emotional Space of Texts

2021 ◽  
pp. 96-111
Author(s):  
Marina Shatskikh ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Word Order ◽  
Expressive Language ◽  
Basic Component ◽  
Emotional Speech ◽  
Context Analysis ◽  
Text Fragment ◽  
Emotional Aspects ◽  
Theory Of Language ◽  
Work Done ◽  
Descriptive Method

The article discusses the emotional space of a text fragment and ways of its verbalization. Emotions play a huge role in politics and ideology, since it is in this area that emotions and feelings of the modern generation can and should most clearly manifest themselves, in regard to both what is happening now and what awaits humanity in the future. The main purpose of the article is to identify the features of metaphorical representation of reality. Using the descriptive method as well as the methods of classification and context analysis and leaning on the work done by P. K. Anokhin, Y. Reykovsky, V. I. Shakhovsky and others, the author analyzes mechanisms and patterns of the metaphor at the intersection of the linguistic and emotional aspects and presents it as the most expressive language means. Among features of emotional speech specific for newswriting there are such patterns as changes in the architectonic structure of utterances, various repetitions, elliptical constructions, interjections and filler words, distortion of word order, violation of semantic integrity, various kinds of syntactic constructions with quoted speech, etc. However, the main indicators of emotionality in written texts are words that represent ey characteristics of the writer’s emotional attitude to her subject matter, and metaphors remain the primary tool that reflect the writer’s perception of and emotions towards what she describes. The article presents possible groups of sensory metaphors and thus provides additional theoretical and practical material for courses in the theory of language, linguistic analysis of the text, and lexicology.

scholarly journals Prosodic characteristics of emotionally-colored phrases in typologically unrelated languages: based on the Mari and French languages

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-28
Author(s):  
Iraida G. Ivanova ◽  
Rita A. Egoshina
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Word Order ◽  
Acoustic Method ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Emotional Speech ◽  
Common Features ◽  
Statistical Analysis Method ◽  
Direction Of Movement ◽  
Descriptive Method

Introduction. The study of speech influence on the interlocutor is one of the most pressing problems in modern linguistics. From this point of view, emotional speech and its prosodic parameters in various languages are of particular interest. Materials and Methods. The following methods were used in the research: electro-acoustic method of phonetic analysis using PRAAT software; descriptive method; comparative analysis method; statistical analysis method; linguistic analysis method. Results and Discussion. A comparative analysis of the phonetic design of emotionally colored phrases of the French and Mari languages allows us to identify specific and common features. The analysis of narrative emotionally colored utterances in French and Mari revealed some discrepancies in the intonation design of expressions due to different actual division of the sentence. In exclamation emotionally colored types of utterances, there are differences in the ways of highlighting the communicative core. Analysis of interrogative utterances with direct word order in both languages showed a coincidence in the movement of the main tone, which rises sharply in the final part of the phrase. Conclusion. The results of the study confirmed that the intonation design of speech in the languages with different structures, with all existing differences, has a fairly large number of similar features, in particular, such as the direction of movement of the main tone and the method of actual division of the sentence.

scholarly journals Possessive Construction in Russian and Indonesian Noun Phrases: Contrastive Analysis and Translation

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
Tri Yulianty Karyaningsih
Keyword(s):  
Word Order ◽  
Noun Phrases ◽  
Contrastive Analysis ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
Possessive Constructions ◽  
Translation Analysis ◽  
Structural Differences ◽  
Descriptive Method ◽  
National Corpus

This paper aims to discuss the comparison between possessive constructions in Russian and Indonesian noun phrases. Since both of the languages have different grammatical systems, their possessive constructions may also be different. The differences are discussed using a contrastive analysis approach. However, the similarities between them are also taken into consideration following one of the practical purposes of contrastive analysis, namely, to aid the translation process. The theory employed in this research is eclectic. The research method employed in this research is descriptive method with contrastive analysis model. In addition, for translation analysis, word-for-word and literal methods are used here. The data in this research are collected from the Russian National Corpus and some selected literary works in Russian and Indonesian. The result suggests that there are some structural differences and similarities between Russian and Indonesian in terms of word order, attributive categories, and grammatical categories of the elements constituting noun phrases. The results of this comparison can be referred to in the translation of possessive construction of both languages so that the closest equivalent is found following the rules of each language. 

scholarly journals An analytical study comparing the work done and the instantaneous speed of the ball to launch the penalty skill from the penalty mark (6 meters and 10 meters) for FUTSAL players

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 0032
Author(s):  
Dr. Diar Muhammed
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Study ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Instantaneous Speed ◽  
Starting Speed ◽  
The Right ◽  
Work Done ◽  
And Training ◽  
Descriptive Method

The importance of the research lies in trying to find the best solutions to get the player to the optimal motor path by studying mechanical (kinematical) variables for one of the most important skills for the futsal soccer game, which is the scoring skill of the penalty marks (6 - 10) meters in highlighting the study of the differences between The completed work and the instantaneous speed of the ball to launch the scoring skill from the penalty mark for scoring (6 meters and 10 meters) for players in some biomechanical variables such as the vertical work done variable and the angle of the ball launch so that we can know those differences and overcome them in the stages of education and training. The research objectives were: 1-Knowing the values ​​of the job variables performed for the scoring skill from the penalty mark (6 meters - 10 meters) for FUTSAL players 2- Knowing the values ​​of the instant speed of the ball for scoring skill from the penalty mark (6 meters-10 meters) for FUTSAL players 3-Identify the differences between the work done and the instantaneous starting speed of the ball for scoring skill from the penalty mark (6 meters - 10 meters) for FUTSAL players The researcher used the descriptive method in the analysis method to suit his nature of the research. The research sample consisted of (12) players who represented the Sulaymaniyah Governorate team and the participant in the Iraqi championship for the first degree for the year (2016-2017). The researcher used video imaging to achieve the technical scientific observation by using a Japanese-made video camera (CASIO.EX.FH25.EXILM) with an internal memory (4kB) placed at a distance of (9.80 meters) and on the right of the player and the height of the lens ( 1,40) from the surface of the Earth, and the speed of the photographic machine was In video (120 images / second), the Kinovea V 0.8.24 program was used to obtain the vertical work variable and the starting angle of the sphere and the researcher used the following statistical methods (arithmetic mean - standard deviation - difference coefficient - T test for independent samples) To obtain the research data, the researcher recommended a set of recommendations and conclusions for the research.

GENDER ANIMATENES MORPHEME IN MEYAH ITS MORPHOLOGY AND IDEOLOGICAL MEANING

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Imoifa Igga
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Word Order ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
The People ◽  
Language Pattern ◽  
Descriptive Method

<div class="WordSection1"><p>Meyah is one of language spoken in Eastern birds. Meyah is categorized as Papuan language while it word order is SVO language pattern. This study aim to discuss gender animatenes morpheme in Meyah its morphology and ideological meaning. Gender is how about how the Meyah human categories and classifies the person’s name as male and female. In this research I will use descriptive method to describe the data such as place and time, population and simple, tools of collecting data and data analysis. Basically the name of person is taken from kind of plants, animal and things. Ideologically the name happens while almost Meyah people are famer and hunting. During do activities such as hunt and farm, they found the new thing or new the phenomenon they named their children like that. Morphologically this phenomena almost same as Akang language, where the people of Akang named their children by using name of day, moon and year to naming their children.</p></div><p align="center"><br clear="all" /> </p>

scholarly journals СТРУКТУРА ПРЕДЛОЖЕНИЯ В ФОЛЬКЛОРНОМ ТЕКСТЕ (НА МАТЕРИАЛЕ СЕЛЬКУПСКИХ ЧАСТУШЕК)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalya Polyakova ◽  
Elena Kryukova ◽  
Grigoriy Korotkikh
Keyword(s):  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Word Order ◽  
Structural Organization ◽  
The Third ◽  
Syntactic Features ◽  
Scientific Analysis ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Linguistic Methods ◽  
Descriptive Method ◽  
Relevant Material

Введение. Синтаксис селькупского языка долгое время оставался «белым пятном» на лингвистической карте самодийского языкознания. Фонология, морфология и лексический состав селькупских диалектов не раз становились предметом научных изысканий представителей различных научных лингвистических школ. Исследованию синтаксических особенностей селькупского языка посвящено гораздо меньше научных трудов, а большинство из этого небольшого количества базируются на материале северных диалектов, в то время как центральные и южные диалекты селькупского языка долгое время оставались вне поля зрения лингвистов. Данные факторы обусловливают актуальность предпринятого исследования. Материал и методы. Материалом исследования послужили 26 частушек на нарымском диалекте селькупского языка. Основными методами исследования выступили общенаучные (анализ, синтез, обобщение) и частнонаучные (лингвистические) методы: сравнительно-сопоставительный, описательный, метод анализа непосредственно составляющих. Результаты и обсуждение. Представлен краткий обзор исследований синтаксиса различных диалектов селькупского языка, осуществлен структурный анализ текстов частушек нарымских селькупов, проанализирован порядок слов, рассмотрен повтор как один из основных фольклорных приемов. По своей структуре 60,9 % проанализированных предложений представляют собой двусоставные предложения, 39,1 % – односоставные предложения. Самым частотным порядком слов в двусоставных предложениях является SVO (16,66 %), на втором месте SOV (7 %), на третьем OSV (4,7 %), единичны предложения с порядком слов OVS (2,38 %). Самыми частотными повторами, выявленными в ходе исследования, явились концентрирующие повторы. Заключение. Частушка как особый фольклорный жанр, заимствованный у русских, получила широкое распространение среди нарымских селькупов. Данный жанр предполагает наличие рифмы и накладывает отпечаток на структурную и синтаксическую организацию предложения. Повторы выполняют функцию структурной организации частушечного текста, выделяя наиболее значимые компоненты содержания, и в меньшей степени участвуют в его синтаксической организации.Introduction. The syntax of the Selkup language has long remained a “white spot” on the linguistic map of the Samoyed linguistics. Phonology, morphology and vocabulary of Selkup dialects have repeatedly been the subject of scientific researches by representatives of various scientific linguistic schools. Much fewer scientific works are devoted to research of the syntactic features of the Selkup language, and most of this small number are based on material from the Northern dialects, while the Central and Southern dialects of the Selkup language have long remained out of the view of linguists. These factors make the study relevant. Material and methods. The material of the study are 30 four-line racy folk rhymes in the Narym dialect of the Selkup language. The main methods of the research are popular scientific (analysis, synthesis, generalization) and specific scientific (linguistic) methods: comparative, descriptive, method of immediate constituent analysis. Results and discussions. A brief overview of the syntax studies of different dialects of the Selkup language is presented, structural analysis of the texts of the four-line racy folk rhymes of the Narym Selkups is carried out, word order is analyzed, repetition as one of the main folklore techniques is considered. In terms of structure, 60.9 % of the sentences analyzed are two-part sentences, 39.1 % are one-part sentences. The most frequent word order in two-part sentences is SVO (16.66 %), in the second place is SOV (7 %), in the third - OSV (4.7 %); there are very few sentences with word order OVS (2.38 %). The most frequent repetitions revealed in the study are concentrating repetitions. Conclusion. A four-line racy folk rhyme as a special folklore genre borrowed from the Russians became widespread among the Narym Selkups. This genre is expected to have rhyme and influences the structural and syntactic organization of the sentence. Repetitions serve the function of structural organization of the text of a fourline racy folk rhyme, highlighting the most significant content components, and are less involved in its syntactic organization.

scholarly journals Early Word Order Usage in Preschool Mandarin-Speaking Typical Children and Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: Influences of Caregiver Input?

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Alice Xu ◽  
Letitia R. Naigles ◽  
Yi Esther Su
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Word Order ◽  
Expressive Language ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Strong Correlations ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
Frequency Of Use ◽  
Syntactic Development

This study explores the emergence and productivity of word order usage in Mandarin-speaking typically-developing (TD) children and children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and examines how this emergence relates to frequency of use in caregiver input. Forty-two caregiver-child dyads participated in video-recorded 30-min semi-structured play sessions. Eleven children with ASD were matched with 10 20-month-old TD children and another 11 children with ASD were matched with 10 26-month-old TD children, on expressive language. We report four major findings: (1) Preschool Mandarin-speaking children with ASD produced word order structures with pervasive ellipsis at similar rates to language-matched TD children, but also displayed differences from TD children in their usage of SVt and VtO frames; (2) Grammatical productivity was observed in both TD children and children with ASD; moreover, children with ASD with higher expressive language produced less stereotyped language; (3) Both TD children and children with ASD heard a range of word orders in their caregivers’ input, with TD children’s input greater in amount and complexity; however, caregivers of both groups also showed no age/language-related changes in word order usage; (4) Few word-order-specific correlations emerged between caregivers and their children; however, strong correlations were observed for mean length of utterances (MLU) for both groups: Caregivers who produced longer/more complex utterances had children who did the same. Taken together, it seems that despite their pragmatic deficits, the early grammatical knowledge of word order in Mandarin-exposed children with ASD is well preserved and in general follows the typical developmental pattern. Moreover, caregiver input is broadly rather than finely tuned to the linguistic development of TD children and children with ASD, and plays a more important role in children’s general syntactic development than in specific word order acquisition. Thus, early word order usage in preschool Mandarin-speaking TD children and children with ASD may be influenced by both caregiver input and child abilities.

On the use of data in historical linguistics: word order in early English subordinate clauses

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-106
Author(s):  
ØYSTEIN HEGGELUND
Keyword(s):  
Middle English ◽  
Word Order ◽  
Language Change ◽  
Historical Linguistics ◽  
Recent Analysis ◽  
Data Usage ◽  
Subordinate Clauses ◽  
Use Of Data ◽  
Theory Of Language ◽  
Early English

This article critically assesses Lightfoot's (1991, 2006) ‘degree-0 theory’ of language change, specifically the use that Lightfoot makes of empirical data from Old English (OE) and Middle English (ME). This is followed by the presentation of a recent analysis of word order in a variety of OE and ME sources. It is argued that data from these periods do not support the ‘degree-0 theory’. Rather, the data demonstrate that verb-final and object–verb order were less dominant in OE subordinate clauses than previously assumed, and that the shift to SV order was fairly gradual. There is also little in the data to suggest that subordinate clauses and main clauses developed in radically different manners or at radically different speeds. The article highlights the importance of careful data usage, both with respect to type and scope of material, and the interpretation of data collected and categorised by others.

scholarly journals RESPONS EMOSIONAL PEMBACA TERHADAP NOVEL SURGA YANG DIRINDUKAN 2 KARYA ASMA NADIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Herson Kadir ◽  
Patrian Pakaya
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Response ◽  
Literary Work ◽  
Research Data ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Response Data ◽  
Emotional Aspects ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Different Response ◽  
Descriptive Method

ABSTRAKKehadiran karya sastra menjadi berarti dan bernilai, jika ditempuh melalui pengayaan keberagaman tanggapan dan keberterimaan pembaca. Penerimaan dan tanggapan pembaca terhadap karya sastra dapat ditinjau melalui beberapa aspek, salah satunya melalui aspek emosional. Pemahaman terhadap aspek emosional tersebut berperan penting dalam menakar respon pembaca terhadap sebuah karya sastra. Sehubungan dengan hal itu, penelitian ini dilakukan dengan fokus masalah dititikberatkan pada respons emosional pembaca terhadap novel Surga yang Dirindukan 2 karya Asma Nadia. Metode deskriptif analisis digunakan dalam penelitian ini dengan mengandalkan data berupa tanggapan responden terhadap novel, yang hanya ditinjau berdasarkan aspek emosionalnya saja. Sumber data penelitian adalah 15 orang responden yang telah dikategorikan sebagai laki-laki dan perempuan serta dikategorikan sebagai sarjana dan mahasiswa. Data penelitian diperoleh melalui angket yang berisi beberapa pernyataan yang terkait dengan respons emosional pembaca. Penganalisisan data meliputi: (1) pembacaan dan pemahaman secara retroaktif, (2) identifikasi; (3) klasifikasi; (4) analisis dan interpretasi; (5) verifikasi dan penyimpulan hasil analisis sementara respons emosional pembaca terhadap novel Surga yang Dirindukan 2 karya Asma Nadia. Hasil penelitian dan pembahasan menunjukkan adanya perbedaan respons emosional pembaca pada setiap kategori baik laki-laki dan perempuan, maupun kategori sarjana dan mahasiswa. Respons pembaca ditinjau dari aspek emosional ditemukan bahwa, perbedaan tanggapan yang paling dominan terlihat pada unsur kemampuan untuk percaya, keterlibatan, dan suka cita. Pada ketiga unsur lainnya tidak memiliki variasi tanggapan yang berbeda secara signifikan.Kata-kata kunci: novel Surga yang Dirindukan 2, resepsi sastra, respons, emosional, pembaca ABSTRACTThe presence of literary works becomes meaningful and valuable, if pursued through the enrichment of the diversity of responses and acceptance of the reader. The acceptance and response of readers to the literary works can be reviewed through several aspects, one of them through the emotional aspect. Understanding of these emotional aspects plays an important role in measuring the reader's response to a literary work. In this regard, this research is conducted with a focus of the problem focused on the reader's emotional response to the novel of Heaven Desired 2 by Asma Nadia. Descriptive method of analysis used in this study by relying on the data in the form of responses of respondents to the novel, which only reviewed based on emotional aspects only. Sources of research data are 15 respondents who have been categorized as male and female and categorized as scholars and students. The research data is obtained through a questionnaire containing several statements related to the reader's emotional response. Data analysis includes: (1) retroactive reading and understanding, (2) identification; (3) classification; (4) analysis and interpretation; (5) the verification and inference of the results of the analysis while the reader's emotional response to the novel of Heaven Desired 2 by Asma Nadia. The results of research and discussion show the difference of emotional responses of the reader in each category of both men and women, as well as undergraduate and student categories. The reader's response in terms of the emotional aspects is found that the most dominant response difference is seen in the element of ability to believe, engagement, and joy. On the other three elements do not have significantly different response variations.Keywords: novel Surga yang Dirindukan, literary receptions

scholarly journals Bahasa Ekspresif di Instagram

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ega Amanati
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Expressive Writing ◽  
Final Stage ◽  
Expressive Language ◽  
Written Language ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Descriptive Method

Language is a tool to communicate or disclose a case both orally and in writing. In the era of globalization, social media is growing very rapidly, one of the popular social media, especially in Indonesia is Instagram. People competing to present a unique and interesting content. The use of written language also varied one of them to express themselves about the state and activity of the account owner can attract the attention of warganet in the other sense of language as a tool of self-expression. A large number of users to make content contained instagram diverse, the language used is also varied there is constructive some are destructive language itself. Expressive use of language in social media instagram has been observed in this study. Questions that will be answered in this study is how often use expressive language that writing does not correspond Indonesian rule in badmintalk_com account. Research was conducted on some of the content uploaded by Badmintalk accountt. The first stage in this research is to collect data, and then analyzed using qualitative descriptive method. In the final stage, the conclusions are based on analysis of the data that is on the uploads that have been using the phrase expressive writing is not appropriate Indonesian rule and has almost the same error on any uploaded content.

scholarly journals Syntactic structure of absolute construction and the connection between its main components in the Udmurt language

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-135
Author(s):  
Nadezhda N. Timerkhanova
Keyword(s):  
Word Order ◽  
Syntactic Structure ◽  
Contextual Analysis ◽  
Nominative Case ◽  
Continuous Sampling ◽  
Linguistic Term ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Colloquial Speech ◽  
Descriptive Method

Introduction. In the Udmurt language, bisubjective sentences with absolute polypredicative constructions are very productive. The main components of such constructions are expressed by the noun in the nominative case and the gerundium adverbial or gerundium noun, which are connected by a specific connection. The purpose of this article is to establish the syntactic features of polypredicative constructions. Research objectives are to describe the syntactic structure of such constructions, to establish the type of syntactic connection between the main components within the absolute constructions and to show its difference from the types of syntactic connection traditionally distinguished in the sentence. Materials and Methods. The main source of the research was the materials from the Udmurt literature and colloquial speech. The author used a set of such research methods as: descriptive method, continuous sampling, contextual analysis, linguistic modeling and transformation. The use of these methods allowed considering the specifics of the units under consideration on a specific language material. Results and Discussion. In the system of the Udmurt language, absolute polypredicative constructions are widely represented. Namely, gerundium adverbial constructions and gerundium noun constructions that have their own subject of action, which are different from the subject of action of the main part of the sentence – the subject, which is associated with the predicate. The syntactic connection between the subject and the gerundium adverbial part (gerundium noun) is specific, not predicative and not subordinate; it has not yet been designated with the help of a linguistic term in Udmurt linguistics. Such constructions have a fixed word order. In verbs with the gerundium adverbial part on the suffix -sa, there can be no autonomous subject of action, the subject is always the same for the verb-predicate and the gerundium adverbial part. Conclusion. In the Udmurt language, there are bisubjective constructions with the second subject of action in the nominative case, which claims to be the subject in a polypredicative construction with the main word being a gerundium adverbial or gerundium noun. The syntactic connection between the main components within an absolute constructions differs from the types of syntactic relationship traditionally distinguished in a sentence. This connection can be described as “semi-predictive coordination” or “subpredicative coordination”.

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