scholarly journals Growth of willow energy plantations on the marginal lands of the Kyiv Polissia

Bioenergy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. D. Fuchylo ◽  
B. V. Zelinskyi
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Alluvial Soils ◽  
Peat Bog ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Peat Soils ◽  
Marginal Lands ◽  
Energy Plantations

Purpose. Investigation of the features of growth, development and productivity of energy willow varieties on peat-bog and alluvial sandy soils in the floodplains of the Kyiv Polissia rivers. Methods. Field, laboratory, analytical, and statistical. Results. It is advisable to use the variety ‘Zbruch’, to create willow energy plantations on the peat-swampy soils of the Kyiv Polissia. It is characterized by the highest yield of three-year biomass (9.84 t/ha), while in the ‘Ternopil’ cultivar the maximum was 3.29 t/ha and in the Salix triandra clone 2.68 t/ha. On alluvial sandy soil, the highest average height (194 ± 6.6 cm), with a productivity of two-year biomass of 3.15 t/ha had Swedish variety ‘Tordis’. In addition, relatively high productivity have Polish varietyes ‘082’ and ‘1047’ and the domestic variety ‘Ternopil’. The productivity of the latter after two years of growth on the sandy soil is 1.53–6.41 t/ha, and after three years on the peat soil only 1.74–3.29 t/ha. To increase the productivity of energy plantations of willow on fresh alluvial sandy soils, it is advisable to apply organic and mineral fertilizers, and on peat soils to apply deep plowing, to conduct proper control over the number of weeds, to use the density of planting cuttings about 20 000 plants ha and a 4-year biomass harvest cycle. Conclusions. It is established that in alluvial soils of floodplains of Kyiv Polissia rivers, fresh alluvial soils are more suitable for growing willow energy plantations than rich on organic substances moist peat-bog soils. ‘Tordis’, ‘082’, ‘1047’ and ‘Ternopil’ varieties are promising for growing on the sandy soils of the study area, and ‘Zbruch’ for peat soils. Considering the low fertility of the studied variants of marginal lands, in order to increase the efficiency of cultivation of energy biomass of willow on them, first of all, it is necessary to improve the water-physical properties of soils.

scholarly journals The effects of physico-chemical characteristics of sandy soils amended with biochar, Ricinus and NPK (17-17-17) on the Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) in Kinshasa (DR Congo)

2020 ◽  
Vol 156 ◽  
pp. 16087-16094
Author(s):  
Jeancy Ntuka Luta ◽  
Alasca Ekuya Lombolu ◽  
Paul Mafuka Mbe-Mpie
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Abelmoschus Esculentus ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Dr Congo ◽  
Physico Chemical

Objectives: In order to improve the physico-chemical characteristics of sandy soils in Kinshasa, the biochar, leaves of Ricinus communis, NPK fertilizer and their combinations were used. Okra was grown as the test plant during two growing seasons. Methodology and Results: The experimentation was carried in polyethylene bags with seven treatments and 4 replications. Each sand bag filled with sandy soil was amended with 300gms 900gms and 15gms respectively for biochar, Ricinus leaves and NPK which were only applied during the first cropping season. The soil was analysed before the trial and after each harvest. Biochar combined with mineral fertilizer and leaves of Ricinus leaves improved both Okra yield and the physico-chemical characteristics the soil. The highest yield in the first growing season was 6 times more than that of the control. In the second season, only the biochar associated with mineral fertilizer had given a satisfying yield. Conclusion and application of results. For an integrated management of fertility of the sandy soil of Kinshasa, use of mineral fertilizers should be accompanied of rational application of organic matter. Biochar appears to be very useful to solve problems of water retention and nutrients brought to this type of soil. The price of fertilizer and biochar are not any time affordable by the smallholders; therefore the use of ricinus leaves, which are very accessible and easy to collect free of charge, appears to be economically profitable. By the way, yields obtained compared with these from fertilizer and biochar are the same. Keywords: Sandy soil, biochar, pH, cation exchange capacity, organic matter, phosphorus. RESUME Objectifs : Dans la recherche de l’amélioration des caractéristiques physico-chimiques de sol sableux de Kinshasa, le biochar, les feuilles de Ricinus communis, le NPK et leurs combinaisons ont été utilisé. Le Gombo a servi de plante texte pendant deux saisons culturales. Méthodologie et résultats : L’expérimentation comprenait quatre répétitions et sept traitements. Les poquets amendés par 300gr, 900gr, et 15gr respectivement pour biochar, feuilles de ricin et NPK (17-17-17), étaient appliqués seulement à la 1ère saison culturale. Le sol était analysé avant l’expérimentation et après chaque récolte. Le biochar combiné à l’engrais minéral et aux feuilles de ricin a amélioré à la fois le rendement de Ntuka et al., J. Appl. Biosci. 2020 The effects of physico-chemical characteristics of sandy soils amended with biochar, Ricinus and NPK (17-17-17) on the Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) in Kinshasa (DR Congo) 16088 gombo et les caractéristiques physico-chimiques étudiées du sol. Le rendement le plus élevé à la première saison était 6 fois plus que celui du témoin. A la deuxième saison, seul le biochar associé à l’engrais minéral a donné un rendement satisfaisant. Conclusion et application des résultats : Pour une gestion intégrée de la fertilité de ce sol sableux de Kinshasa, l’utilisation des engrais minéraux devrait être accompagnée d’une application adéquate de la matière organique. Le biochar s’avère très important pour améliorer le problème de la rétention en eau et des éléments nutritifs à apporter à ce type de sol. Le prix des engrais et du biochar n’étant pas tout le temps abordable par les petits fermiers, l’utilisation des feuilles de ricin qui sont accessible et facile à ramasser sans frais s’avère économiquement rentable. En outre, le rendement obtenu, comparé à ceux de la combinaison des engrais et du biochar, il n’y a pas de différence. Mots clés: Sols sableux, biochar, pH, capacité d’échange cationique, matière organique, phosphore

scholarly journals Role of Biochar in Improving Sandy Soil Water Retention and Resilience to Drought

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 407
Author(s):  
Ling Li ◽  
Yong-Jiang Zhang ◽  
Abigayl Novak ◽  
Yingchao Yang ◽  
Jinwu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Climate Variability ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Soil Water Retention ◽  
The World ◽  
Water Holding

In recent years, plants in sandy soils have been impacted by increased climate variability due to weak water holding and temperature buffering capacities of the parent material. The projected impact spreads all over the world, including New England, USA. Many regions of the world may experience an increase in frequency and severity of drought, which can be attributed to an increased variability in precipitation and enhanced water loss due to warming. The overall benefits of biochar in environmental management have been extensively investigated. This review aims to discuss the water holding capacity of biochar from the points of view of fluid mechanics and propose several prioritized future research topics. To understand the impacts of biochar on sandy soils in-depth, sandy soil properties (surface area, pore size, water properties, and characteristics) and how biochar could improve the soil quality as well as plant growth, development, and yield are reviewed. Incorporating biochar into sandy soils could result in a net increase in the surface area, a stronger hydrophobicity at a lower temperature, and an increase in the micropores to maximize gap spaces. The capability of biochar in reducing fertilizer drainage through increasing water retention can improve crop productivity and reduce the nutrient leaching rate in agricultural practices. To advance research in biochar products and address the impacts of increasing climate variability, future research may focus on the role of biochar in enhancing soil water retention, plant water use efficiency, crop resistance to drought, and crop productivity.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT GRAIN-SIZE COMPOSITION ON THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY OF SANDY SOILS

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-27
Author(s):  
A. V Zakharov ◽  
S. E Makhover
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Radiant Energy ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Size Composition ◽  
Experiment Planning ◽  
Pore Filling ◽  
Grain Size Composition

Today the issue of energy saving is acute. The main sources of energy are radiant energy of the Sun, wind energy, energy of moving water. Therefore, the issue of solving alternative energy sources is relevant. The article aims to solve the problem by using low-potential heat of the soil mass by means of energy-efficient building constructions - foundations. It is necessary to know the thermal characteristics of soils for this. At the moment, methods for determining the thermophysical properties of inert materials with subsequent practical application in the field of construction have been widely studied, but no one of these methods takes into account the grain-size composition. Thus, the study of the connection between the thermal conductivity and the grain-size composition of the soil is important. The aim of the work is to Estimation of thermal conductivity of sandy soils based on grain-size composition. This article presents an analysis of the dependence of the thermal conductivity of the sandy soil of its grain-size composition. The matrix of experiment planning is made; the methodology and technological sequence of the experiment were tested. Statistical processing of the obtained experimental data was carried out. Based on a series of test experiments, it was concluded that there are two factors competing in its thermal conductivity: an increase in λ due to an increase in the degree of pore filling and a decrease in total heat conductivity due to a decrease in the degree of pore filling. These results suggest that grain-size composition has an impact on the thermal conductivity of the sandy soil. During the experiment, the dependence of the thermal conductivity of sandy soils on their grain-size composition was experimentally established.

scholarly journals Differences in soil organic matter and humus of sandy soil after application of biochar substrates and combination of biochar substrates with mineral fertilizers

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 117-124
Author(s):  
Dušan Šrank ◽  
Vladimír Šimanský
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Humic Substances ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Sheep Manure ◽  
The Impact

The effort to achieve the sustainable farming system in arable soil led to the intensive search for a new solution but an inspiration can also be found in the application of traditional methods of soil fertility improvement as it is shown in numerous examples in history. Recently many scientific teams have focused their attention on the evaluation of biochar effects on soil properties and crop yields. Since there are a lot of knowledge gaps, especially in explanations how biochar can affect soil organic matter (SOM) and humus substances, we aimed this study at the solution of these questions. Therefore, the objective of the experiment was to evaluate the impact of two biochar substrates (B1 – biochar blended with sheep manure, and B2 – biochar blended with sheep manure and the residue from the biogas station) at two rates (10 and 20 t ha-1) applied alone or in combination with mineral fertilizers (Urea was applied in 2018, at rate 100 kg ha-1, and Urea at rate 100 kg ha-1 + AMOFOS NP 12-52 at 100 kg ha-1 were applied in 2019) on the quantity and quality of SOM and humus of sandy soil (Arenosol, Dolná Streda, Slovakia). The results showed that application of the biochar substrates together with mineral fertilizers (MF) had more pronounced effect on the organic matter mineralization in the sandy soil which resulted in low accumulation of soil organic carbon (Corg) and labile carbon compared to biochar substrates treatments without MF. The share of humic substances in Corg significantly decreased by 16, 50, 16 and 24% in B1 at 10 t ha-1, B1 at 20 t ha-1, B2 at 10 t ha-1 and B2 at 20 t ha-1 treatments, respectively, compared to the control. A similar tendency was observed for biochar substrates treatments + MF, compared to MF control. The carbon content of humic substances (CHS) was equal to 4.40 – 5.80 g kg-1 and the biochar substrates had statistically significant influence on CHS content. On average, there was a smaller decrease of CHS in B1 at rate 10 t ha-1 than at rate 20 t ha-1 and no effect of B2 compared to control. The carbon content of fulvic acid (CFA) was 9% higher in B1 at 10 t ha-1, and 20 t ha-1, 47% higher in B2 at 10 t ha-1 and 17% higher in B2 at 20 t ha-1 compared to control. As a result of biochar substrates + MF application, the reduction in CFA was observed. The results showed a decrease of CHA : CFA ratio with association to biochar substrates alone application compared to control on one hand, and a wider of CHA : CFA ratio in biochar substrates + MF treatments in comparison to MF control on the other hand. Humus stability was increased in biochar substrates alone treatments compared to control, on the other hand, compared to MF control, the application of biochar substrates + MF resulted in a lower humus stability.

scholarly journals Modification of sandy soil hydrophysical environment through bagasse additive under laboratory experiment

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A. Abd El-Halim ◽  
Arunsiri Kumlung
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Laboratory Experiment ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Weight Basis ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Study Results

Abstract Until now sandy soils can be considered as one roup having common hydrophysical problems. Therefore, a laboratory experiment was conducted to evaluate the influence of bagasse as an amendment to improve hydrophysical properties of sandy soil, through the determination of bulk density, aggregatesize distribution, total porosity, hydraulic conductivity, pore-space structure and water retention. To fulfil this objective, sandy soils were amended with bagasse at the rate of 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3 and 4% on the dry weight basis. The study results demonstrated that the addition of bagasse to sandy soils in between 3 to 4% on the dry weight basis led to a significant decrease in bulk density, hydraulic conductivity, and rapid-drainable pores, and increase in the total porosity, water-holding pores, fine capillary pores, water retained at field capacity, wilting point, and soil available water as compared with the control treatment

Studies on some deep sandy soils in Cape York Peninsula, North Queensland. 3. Losses of applied phosphorus and sulphur

1973 ◽  
Vol 13 (63) ◽  
pp. 418 ◽  
Author(s):  
GP Gillman
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Soil Horizons ◽  
Al Content ◽  
P Accumulation ◽  
Cape York ◽  
Legume Growth

Losses of applied phosphorus and sulphur from a 100 cm profile of a deep siliceous sandy soil in Cape York Peninsula have been studied in the field over a period of three wet seasons. The P and S was applied in two treatments: superphosphate (880 kg ha-1) and 'biosuper' (1072 kg ha-1). About 50 per cent of the applied P was lost from the top 30 cm of the profile but all remained in the 100 cm depth. Only 10-30 per cent of the applied S was recovered in the 100 cm profile. Zones of P accumulation were generally related to Fe and Al content of the soil horizons. Legume growth and composition over the three seasons was adequate, and reasons for this are discussed.

Efficiency of the salt flotation technique in the recovery of Ascaris lumbricoides eggs from the soil

1995 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.O. Ajala ◽  
S.O. Asaolu
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Sodium Nitrate ◽  
Ascaris Lumbricoides ◽  
Soil Type ◽  
Zinc Sulphate ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Flotation Technique ◽  
Zinc Sulphate Solution

AbstractThe efficacy of the salt flotation technique using saturated solutions of sodium nitrate (specific gravity 1.30) and zinc sulphate (specific gravity 1.16) for separating Ascaris lumbricoides eggs from clay, loamy and sandy soils has been investigated. Ten samples of each of the egg concentrations of 100, 500, 2500, 5000 and 10,000 eggs/25 g of soil were used for each soil type. Using T-test and ANOVA, the number of eggs recovered from sand was significantly higher than from loam and the number from loam significantly higher than from clay. With sodium nitrate, the maximum egg recovery rate was 25.04% from sandy soil at a concentration of 500 eggs/25 g soil while with zinc sulphate it was 13.88% also from sandy soil and concentration of 500 eggs/25 g soil. While the number of eggs recovered increased with soil egg concentration, the percentage of eggs recovered is inversely proportional to egg concentration. The number of eggs recovered with sodium nitrate was significantly higher than with zinc sulphate solution in the three soil types.

Reduced leaching of nitrate, ammonium, and phosphorus in a sandy soil by fly ash amendment

Soil Research ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 40 (7) ◽  
pp. 1201 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Pathan ◽  
L. A. G. Aylmore ◽  
T. D. Colmer
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Phosphorus Sorption ◽  
Native Soil ◽  
Extractable P ◽  
P Leaching ◽  
Amended Soil

Low ionic sorption capacities and high hydraulic conductivities of sandy soils contribute to the potential for leaching of nutrients applied to these soils. Batch sorption experiments were used to examine NO3–, NH4+, and P sorption/desorption isotherms for Karrakatta sand and Kwinana fly ash. Column experiments assessed leaching of these nutrients from this sandy soil, when amended with 4 rates (0, 5, 10, and 20%, wt/wt) of fly ash. The sorption of NO3–, NH4+, and P was higher for fly ash than the sandy soil. Phosphorus sorption was greatest for unweathered fly ash, followed by weathered fly ash and then the soil; for example, sorption from a solution containing 20 mg/L P was 90%, 28%, and 14%, respectively. Desorption of P was much slower in the unweathered fly ash than weathered fly ash or the soil. Leachates collected from columns containing fly ash amended soil (5, 10, and 20%, wt/wt) generally had lower concentrations of NO3– and NH4+ than leachates from non-amended soil. Prior to adding fertiliser, the concentration of P was greater in leachate from fly ash amended soil than from the native soil, due to fly ash (weathered) itself containing 92.5 mg/kg of extractable P. However, from day 35 onwards, the concentration of P was lower in leachates from soil amended with 10% or 20% fly ash than from non-amended soil. Thus, fly ash amendment retarded NO3–, NH4+, and P leaching in the sandy soil and may therefore be a useful tool for improvement of nutrient management in sandy soils.

Prediction of the permeability-reducing effect of cement infiltration into sandy soils

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 851-858
Author(s):  
Jinlan Ji ◽  
Guisheng Fan
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Transfer Functions ◽  
Water Pressure ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Dry Density

Univariate analysis on the permeability-reducing effects of cement infiltration into sandy soil was carried out using a series of experiments on sandy soil infiltrated by adding fine cement grains. The SPSS statistical analysis software was used on these experimental data to construct multivariate prediction models on the permeability-reducing effects of cement infiltration into sandy soils. The results indicate that it is possible to predict permeability-reducing effects using transfer functions. Relatively satisfactory predictions were achieved by inputting the postponed time of water supply, soil dry density, quantity of added cement, water pressure head of cement infiltration, physical clay-silt particle content of soil, and other factors as independent variables. A comparison between the multivariate linear and non-linear models showed that the two models had similar accuracy. The multivariate linear model is relatively simple, and hence can be used to predict permeability-reducing effects. The development of the models has scientific implications for soil modification by altering soil permeability through cement infiltration. It also has practical significance in predictive research on reducing the migration of ground surface pollutants into groundwater.

Effects of NPK Fertilizers on young Coconut (Cocos nucifera) on a Sandy Soil in Sri Lanka

1980 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Loganathan ◽  
T. S. Balakrishnamurti
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Soil N ◽  
Leaf Production ◽  
Npk Fertilizers ◽  
Low Solubility

SUMMARYIn a 4 × 4 × 4 NPK field experiment with coconut on a sandy soil, N increased girth, height and leaf production during the pre-bearing period, but phosphorus (up to 6½ years) and K (up to 3½ years) had no effect on any vegetative growth parameters. The rates of fertilizers for optimum copra and nut yield (13 to 16 years) were 0.35, 0.73 and 0.64 kg N, PO and KO/palm/ year respectively. The high P requirement was due to the low solubility of the saphos phosphate in these sandy soils. A positive N × P interaction was also observed.

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