scholarly journals Hitchhikers in Honey: An investigation of the inhibitory mechanisms of bacteria found in honey

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Letcher ◽  
Davida S. Smyth
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Common Knowledge ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Antimicrobial Substance ◽  
Inhibitory Mechanisms ◽  
The 16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Clinically Relevant Bacteria

Honey has a stable physiochemical composition that contributes to its long shelf life and has been noted as an antimicrobial substance for centuries. Although it is common knowledge that honey affords some antimicrobial properties, the specific mechanisms behind this remain elusive. This paper hypothesizes that the microorganisms in certain raw honeys contribute towards their antimicrobial properties. In our study, we analyzed several raw and processed honey samples to determine their microbial constituents. The antimicrobial potential of the isolated microbes was tested using several clinically relevant bacteria including Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Of the tested honeys, Manuka (New Zealand) and Wildflower honey (Tennessee, USA) contained microorganisms exhibiting antimicrobial activity. All the isolated colonies grew on MacConkey and Mannitol agar and generated bands for the 16S rRNA gene implying that they were bacteria. This paper concludes that bacteria isolated from honey could be a new area of research within the topic of antimicrobial honey samples. 

scholarly journals ESTUDO FITOQUÍMICO E DE ATIVIDADE ANTIMICROBIANA DE Ptychopetalum olacoides Bentham

2002 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. D. MONTRUCCHIO ◽  
O. G. MIGUEL
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Colletotrichum Acutatum ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Study ◽  
North Brazil ◽  
Long Time

A espécie Ptychopetalum olacoides Bentham, popularmente conhecida como “marapuama” ou “muirapuama”, é uma Olacaceae nativa da região norte do Brasil, há muito conhecida e utilizada por suas propriedades estimulantes e afrodisíacas, sendo inclusive exportada para diversos países. O estudo fitoquímico do lenho desta árvore, neste trabalho representado pelos galhos da planta, revelou a presença majoritária de vários ácidos graxos, esteróides e xantinas, sendo eles: ácido palmítico, ácido esteárico, -sitosterol, estigmasterol, lupeol, glutinol, a-amirina, cafeína, teobromina e adenina, sendo que as três últimas não haviam ainda sido reportadas na espécie. O estudo das atividades antimicrobianas revelou que os extratos da planta não apresentam atividade inibitória sobre o desenvolvimento de cepas de Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus ou Staphylococcus epidermidis. Porém, o resíduo do extrato alcoólico apresenta uma significativa ação inibitória do crescimento micelial de Colletotrichum acutatum, e ação menos pronunciada sobre o crescimento de Fusarium oxysporum. PHYTOCHEMICAL STUDY AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF Ptychopetalumolacoides Bentham Abstract Ptychopetalum olacoides Bentham, popularly known as “marapuama” or “muirapuama”, is an Olacaceae native from north Brazil, known and used for its stimulating and aphrodisiac properties for a long time, being also exported to several countries all over the world. The phytochemical study of the wood of this tree, represented by its stems, revealed the presence of several fatty acids, sterols and xanthines, including palmitic acid, stearic acid, -sitosterol, stigmasterol, lupeol, glutinol, a-amirin, caffeine, theobromine and adenine, and the latest three substances have not been reported in this specie yet. The study of antimicrobial properties revealed that the plant extracts don’t have any inhibitory activity against strains of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus or Staphylococcus epidermidis. However, the alcoholic extract residue does have a remarkable inhibitory action on the mycelial growth of Colletotrichum acutatum and Fusarium oxysporum.26

ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF STREPTOMYCES SP. PJ90 ISOLATED FROM SOIL IN NORTHEAST THAILAND

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (5-5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Panjamaphon Chanthasena ◽  
Nawarat Nantapong
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Northeast Thailand ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Analysis ◽  
Streptomyces Sp ◽  
University Of Technology

In this study, an antimicrobial-producing Actinomycetes PJ90 was isolated from forest soil in Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand. The morphological characteristics and 16S rRNA gene analysis revealed that isolate PJ90 could be classified as Streptomyces triostinicus. The isolate PJ90 exhibited antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus TISTR1466, Staphylococcus epidermidis TISTR518, Bacillus subtilis TISTR008, Candida albicans TISTR5779, Candida tropicalis TISTR5174 and Saccharomyces cerevisiae TISTR5049. To our best knowledge, this study constitutes the first anti-bacterial and anti-yeast activities of Streptomyces triostinicus isolated from soil in Thailand.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity of Cultivable Endophytic and Rhizosphere Fungi Associated with “Mile-a-Minute,” Mikania cordata (Asteraceae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavithra L. Jayatilake ◽  
Helani Munasinghe
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Rhizosphere Fungi

Endophytic and rhizosphere fungi are understood to be aiding the host plant to overcome a range of biotic and abiotic stresses (nutrition depletion, droughts, etc.) hence, they remain to be reservoirs of plethora of natural products with immense use. Consequently, this investigation of endophytic and rhizosphere fungi isolated from Mikania cordata (a perennial vine that is well established in Sri Lanka) for their antimicrobial properties was performed with the aim of future derivation of potential beneficial pharmaceutical products. Leaves, twigs, and roots of M. cordata were utilized to isolate a total of 9 endophytic fungi out of which the highest amount (44%) accounted was from the twigs. A sample of the immediate layer of soil adhering to the root of M. cordata was utilized to isolate 15 rhizosphere fungi. Fusarium equiseti and Phoma medicaginis were endophytes that were identified based on colony and molecular characteristics. The broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity depicted by F. equiseti (MK517551) was found to be significantly greater (p≤0.05, inhibitory against Bacillus cereus ATCC 11778, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 25853) than P. medicaginis (MK517550) (inhibitory against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 25853) as assessed using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Trichoderma virens and Trichoderma asperellum were rhizospere fungi that exhibited remarkable antimicrobial properties against the test pathogens chosen for the study. T. asperellum indicated significantly greater bioactivity against all four bacterial pathogens and Candida albicans ATCC 10231 under study. The ranges of minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the fungi depicting antimicrobial properties were determined. The results obtained suggest that F. equiseti, P. medicaginis, T. asperellum, and T. virens of M. cordata harness bioprospective values as natural drug candidates. This is the first report on isolation and evaluation of the antimicrobial properties of endophytic and rhizosphere fungi of Mikania cordata.

Activity of free fatty acids-rich non-polar fractions from fruits of Capsicum chinense var. Criolla and Jaguar

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 220-226
Author(s):  
J. Efrain Ramirez-Benitez ◽  
Ibis Vargas Paredes ◽  
Luis F. Cuevas Glory ◽  
Enrique Sauri Duch ◽  
Victor M. Moo Huchin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Capsicum Chinense ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Plant Essential Oils ◽  
Unripe Fruits

Plant-essential oils have been considered as an important source of bioactive molecules like antimicrobials, analgesics, anti-inflammatory and anti-carcinogen agents. Biological functions of plant extracts from the genus Capsicum are unknown. In the present work, non-polar fractions of ripe and unripe fruits of Capsicum chinense Jacq. Cultivar (cv.) Jaguar and Criollo were obtained by hexane-batch extraction and tested for antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative bacterial strain Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Gram-positive bacterial strains Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (ATCC 12228), and yeast Candida albicans (ATCC 90028). Non-polar fractions from ripe fruits for both cv. exhibited greater antimicrobial activity compared to unripe fruits. Implication of numbered FFA’s on observed antimicrobial activity are discussed.

scholarly journals STRUCTURE OF MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES OF THE ARTIFICIAL SALT CONSTRUCTIONS OF THE PERM REGION

2020 ◽  
pp. 120-127
Author(s):  
M. V. Kuznetsova ◽  
◽  
М. G. Маммаеvа ◽  
L. V. Кirichenko ◽  
M. A. Shishkin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Genus Clostridium ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Viable Bacteria ◽  
Perm Region ◽  
The 16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Number Of Bacteria

The diversity of microbial communities the artificial salt constructions (ASC) located in the medicalpreventive and sanatorium institutions of the Perm region was studied. It was found that the surfaces of the abiotic salt of all ASC were contaminated with microorganisms, and a significant difference was found between the constructions of sylvinite (86.5% of positive samples) and halite (47.4%). The number of viable bacteria, as well as staphylococci, were also higher in sylvinite constructions than in halite ones. Based on bacteriological research and analysis of the 16S rRNA gene nucleotide sequences, the isolated staphylococcus strains belong to the following species: Staphylococcus epidermidis – 42.3% (n=11), S. aureus and S. saprophyticus – 19.2% (n=5), S. simulans – 7.7% (n=2) and one strain of S. cohnii urealyticum, S. hominis, S. warneri – 3.8%. The species composition of microbiocenoses formed on surfaces determined by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry included representatives of 18 genera belonging to the three main phylums: Actinobacteria, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria. Actinobacteria (Actinomyces, Corynebacterium, Nocardia, Propionibacterium, Rhodococcus, etc.) were dominant in both groups ASC. Among Firmicutes, representatives of the genus Clostridium predominated in sylvinite ASC – 63.8% of the total number of bacteria, while in halite they were half as many – 32.1%. The content of coccal microbiota, in contrast, in halite constructions was almost 3 times higher than in sylvinite. Identified quantitative and qualitative indicators of the microbiota of the ASC complement the understanding of the constructions of microbial communities under conditions of high salt load and anthropogenic impact.

scholarly journals Uji Aktivitas Antimikroba Ekstrak n-Butanol Madu Hutan (Apis nigrocincta) dari Kabupaten Selayar dengan Metode KLT-Bioautografi

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-45
Author(s):  
A.Suparlan Isya Syamsu
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Butanol Extract ◽  
Apis Nigrocincta ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

Preliminary research has been conducted on the antimicrobial activity of n-Butanol extract of forest honey (Apis nigrocincta). This study aims to determine the antimicrobial activity of forest honey from Selayar Regency on the growth of test microbes, using the method of solid dilution with the test microbial Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, Vibrio sp, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Candida albicans against n-butanol extract from forest honey (Apis nigrocincta) at 1 mg/ml. The results obtained showed that n-butanol extract inhibited the growth of bacteria Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Staphylococcus aureus. To estimate the compounds that provide antimicrobial activity, the TLC-Bioautography test is performed. Obtained the best results from the separation of compounds by TLC using Chlorophorom eluate: Acetone (3: 1). The TLC-Bioautographic test results showed that the spots with an Rf value of 0.29 gave activity to Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus epidermidis, and gave positive results on the appearance of flavonoid compounds.

scholarly journals Isolation of Bifidobacterium from Infant’s Feces and Its Antimicrobial Activity

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 00002
Author(s):  
Dyah Fitri Kusharyati ◽  
Pancrasia Maria Hendrati ◽  
Dini Ryandini ◽  
Tsani Abu Manshur ◽  
Meilany Ariati Dewi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Inhibition Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Substance ◽  
Inhibitory Zone ◽  
E Coli

<p class="Abstract"><i>Bifidobacterium</i> is a group of Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) that commonly found in the gastrointestinal tract and vagina. LAB has many health benefits, such as produce an antimicrobial substance against a pathogen. This research aims to isolate <i>Bifidobacterium</i> from an infant’s feces and know its antimicrobial activity against <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Candida albicans.</i> A total of 5 isolates <i>Bifidobacterium</i> spp. were isolated from the sample. <span lang="EN">The largest inhibitory activity against <i>E. coli</i> was shown by isolate Bb3F, with the inhibitory zone of 10.80 mm. While the largest inhibition activity against <i>C. albicans</i> was shown by isolate Bb1B and Bb3F with the inhibitory zone of 9.70 mm.</span><o:p></o:p></p>

scholarly journals Antibiogram and Phytochemical Analysis of Cinnamon, Clove, and Sichuan Pepper Extracts

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Bibek Adhikari ◽  
Pradeep Kumar Shah ◽  
Roman Karki
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Proteus Mirabilis ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus ◽  
Medicinal Plant Extracts ◽  
Wide Range

A wide range of medicinal plant extracts has phytochemicals that possess antimicrobial properties and these plants are used to treat several infections. The study aimed to assess the antimicrobial activities of some spices extracts and to evaluate the phytochemicals present in them. The extracts of spices were prepared using Soxhlet apparatus refluxing with methanol and ethanol. The well diffusion technique was implemented for the evaluation of antimicrobial activities of the extracts and the zone of inhibitions was recorded in millimeters. The antimicrobial test was done against five bacterial isolates: Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi, and Staphylococcus aureus and a fungal isolate: Candida albicans. The extracts were concentrated by Rotary Vacuum Evaporator and a stock solution of 200 mg/mL was prepared by dissolving in 10 % DMSO. Concentrations of 40, 60, 80 and 100 mg/mL extracts were used for antimicrobial activity. The result of this study showed that clove extracts had the highest antimicrobial property against all the test microorganisms. Methanolic extract of clove had the highest inhibitory effect against Proteus mirabilis (24.21±0.15 mm), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (19.78±0.23 mm), and Candida albicans (20.07±0.08 mm) whereas ethanolic extract was effective against Escherichia coli (20.44±0.16 mm), Salmonella Typhi (21.66±0.31 mm) and Candida albicans (21.11±0.09 mm). Cinnamon and pepper extracts, leaving some exceptions, also had antimicrobial properties. The presence of phytochemicals: polyphenols, flavonoids, and tannins are the major components responsible for antimicrobial activity. Thereby, this study successfully demonstrated the possibilities of using spices extracts in the treatment of microbial infections.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Properties of Microparticles Based on Carmellose Cross-Linked by Cu2+Ions

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Kejdušová ◽  
Jakub Vysloužil ◽  
Kateřina Kubová ◽  
Vladimír Celer ◽  
Magdaléna Krásna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Copper Content ◽  
Copper Ions ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Equivalent Diameter ◽  
Vaginal Infections ◽  
Swelling Capacity ◽  
Crucial Parameter

Carmellose (CMC) is frequently used due to its high biocompatibility, biodegradability, and low immunogenicity for development of site-specific or controlled release drug delivery systems. In this experimental work, CMC dispersions in two different concentrations (1% and 2%) cross-linked by copper (II) ions (0.5, 1, 1.5, or 2.0 M CuCl2) were used to prepare microspheres with antimicrobial activity againstEscherichia coliandCandida albicans, both frequently occurring pathogens which cause vaginal infections. The microparticles were prepared by an ionotropic gelation technique which offers the unique possibility to entrap divalent copper ions in a CMC structure and thus ensure their antibacterial activity. Prepared CMC microspheres exhibited sufficient sphericity. Both equivalent diameter and copper content were influenced by CMC concentration, and the molarity of copper (II) solution affected only the copper content results. Selected samples exhibited stable but pH-responsive behaviour in environments which corresponded with natural (pH 4.5) and inflamed (pH 6.0) vaginal conditions. All the tested samples exhibited proven substantial antimicrobial activity against both Gram-negative bacteriaEscherichia coliand yeastCandida albicans. Unexpectedly, a crucial parameter for microsphere antimicrobial activity was not found in the copper content but in the swelling capacity of the microparticles and in the degree of CMC surface shrinking.

scholarly journals Synthesis, Antimicrobial Properties, and Inhibition of Catalase Activity of 1,4-Naphtho- and Benzoquinone Derivatives Containing N-, S-, O-Substituted

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Semih Kurban ◽  
Nahide Gulsah Deniz ◽  
Cigdem Sayil ◽  
Mustafa Ozyurek ◽  
Kubilay Guclu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Catalase Activity ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Inhibition Activity ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Test Culture ◽  
First Time

A series of new 1,4-naphtho- and benzoquinone derivatives possessing N-, S-, O-substituted groups which has not been reported yet has been synthesized from 2,3-dichloro-1,4-naphthoquinone 1 and 2,3,5,6-tetrachlorocyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione 15 involving a Michael addition. In the synthesized compounds, antimicrobial activity at low concentrations against Escherichia coli B-906, Staphylococcus aureus 209-P, and Mycobacterium luteum B-917 bacteria and Candida tenuis VKM Y-70 and Aspergillus niger F-1119 fungi in comparison with controls was identified. 2-Chloro-3-((2-(piperidin-1-yl)ethyl)amino)naphthalene-1,4-dione 3g and 2,5-dichloro-3-ethoxy-6-((2,4,6-trifluorophenyl)amino)cyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione 17 were the most potent, with a minimum inhibitory concentration value of 15.6 μg/mL against test-culture M. luteum and S. aureus, respectively. Furthermore, in this work, a catalase activity of benzo- and naphthoquinone derivatives was examined for the first time. The catalase activity of benzo- and naphthoquinone derivatives was determined, showing that compound 3g had significant inhibition activity for catalase enzyme.

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