scholarly journals Trends of Neonatal Mortality in context of Case Overload in Al - Alwyia Pediatric Teaching Hospital at Baghdad during 2005-2012

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-48
Author(s):  
Tareef Fadhil Raham ◽  
Assad Muhsen Abood
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Childhood Mortality ◽  
P Value ◽  
Total Hospital ◽  
The Impact

Background: Data on the impact of neonatal and total pediatric admissions volume on neonatal mortality are sparse. Objectives: This study is done to estimate the neonatal mortality in relation to neonatal admissions and to total hospital admissions in Al-Alwyia Pediatric Teaching Hospital through years 2005-2012 Type of the study: A retrospective study.Methods: statistical records of all cases admitted to APTH were studied during 2005-2012.Results: Neonatal mortality decreased to the nadir at last year of study period (2012) and reached 6.1% of neonatal admissions compared to 2005 level which was 9.7 %. Mortality rate among premature and low birth weight (LBW) infants decreased also. The study also reveals that neonatal mortality constitute significant a contribution to childhood mortality (61.4 %) and morbidity (28.3%) throughout the study years. With a highly significant p value parallel to increasing number of neonatal admissions (case over load) , there is a trend of neonatal mortality rate to be decreased Case fatality rate also decreased among overall children to 3.5% in 2005 and to 3.3% in 2013 in spite of 2.4 times increase in neonatal admission during the study period.This neonatal overload is more than overall pediatric over load, because the total hospital admissions are increased just 1.2 times.Conclusions: The neonatal admissions case overload is high and increasing and constitutes a significant proportion of total childhood mortality. Neonatal mortality including premature and (LBW) infants is decreasing .Further actions are needed to meet global goals.

scholarly journals Clinical Profile of Acute Poisoning in Children at a Teaching Hospital in Lalitpur

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajaya Kumar Dhakal ◽  
D Shrestha ◽  
A Shakya ◽  
SC Shah ◽  
H Shakya
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Acute Poisoning ◽  
Childhood Mortality ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Common ◽  
Poisoning In Children

Introduction: Acute poisonings are one of the common cause of emergency visits and hospital admissions and is potentially preventable cause of childhood mortality and morbidity. The objectives of this study were to identify the common type of poisoning in children, to determine types of poisoning according to age and to find out the common age group in which the incidence of poisoning was high.Materials and Methods: It was a descriptive observational study done in a teaching hospital in Lalitpur, Nepal in patients aged 1 month to 18 years who visited the emergency department and were admitted to hospital with history of alleged poisoning from 2009 July to 2014 January.Results: Fifty patients were included. Drugs, kerosene and organophosphorus were most common cause of poisoning. Drugs and kerosene below 10 years of age and organophosphorus and drugs above 10 years of age were common types of poisoning. Maximum numbers (50%) of children with poisoning cases were below five year of age. Mean duration of hospital stay was 2.1days and mean age of poisoning was 7.8 years with a male(54%) predominance. Majority of poisoning occurred at home (84%) and 68% of patients were symptomatic at presentation to hospital with 84% of patients presenting to hospital within six hours.Conclusion: This study showed that drugs, kerosene and organophosphorus were most common forms of poisoning. Young children were most vulnerable for acute poisoning.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v34i2.10139J Nepal Paediatr Soc 2014;34(2):100-103 

The Mortality of Extremely Premature Infants and the Impact on the Overall Neonatal Mortality Rate [20C]

2016 ◽  
Vol 127 ◽  
pp. 31S
Author(s):  
Horatio S. Falciglia ◽  
William K. Brady ◽  
Ronald Merkel ◽  
Vickie Glover ◽  
Angela N. Fellner
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Neonatal Mortality Rate ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals COVID-19 mortality among Indigenous people in Brazil: a nationwide register-based study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Santana Santos ◽  
Adriano Antunes Souza Araújo ◽  
Jarbas Ribeiro de Oliveira ◽  
Lucindo José Quintans-Júnior ◽  
Paulo Ricardo Martins-Filho
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Indigenous People ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Black People ◽  
Indigenous Population ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
The North ◽  
Minority Ethnic Groups ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has disproportionately affected Black people and minority ethnic groups, but there are limited data regarding the impact of disease on Indigenous people. Herein, we investigated the burden of COVID-19 on the Indigenous population in Brazil. We performed a populational-based study including all cases and deaths from COVID-19 among Brazilian Indigenous people from 26 February to 28 August 2020. Data were obtained from official Brazilian information systems. We calculated incidence, mortality and fatality rates for the Indigenous population for each of the five Brazilian regions. Brazil had an incidence and a mortality rate of 3546.4 cases and 65.0 deaths per 100 000 population, respectively. The case fatality rate (CFR) was 1.8%. The Central-West had the higher estimates of disease burden among Brazilian Indians (incidence rate: 3135.0/100 000; mortality rate: 101.2/100 000 and CFR: 3.2%) followed by the North region (incidence rate: 5664.4/100 000; mortality rate: 92.2/100 000 and CFR: 1.6%). Governmental actions should guarantee the isolation, monitoring and testing capabilities of Indigenous people and rapidly to provide social protection and health facilities.

scholarly journals Neonatal Mortality and Maternal/Child Health Care in Nigeria: An Impact Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 1299-1306
Author(s):  
F. Ewere ◽  
D.O. Eke
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
P Value ◽  
Child Health Care ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Maternal Child

Reducing the rate of mortality in neonates to as low as 12 per 1,000 live births is one of the clearly spelt out aims of the third tenet of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) because of its importance to the dynamics of population. While there have been various studies focused majorly on the causes, rates and determinants of neonatal mortality in Nigeria, studies on the impact of maternal/child care characteristics on neonatal mortalityand the potential implication of failing to attain the SDG target for neonatal mortality have seemingly been neglected. In this study, we undertake an analysis of the impact of maternal / child care characteristics on neonatal mortality using the logistic regression model. Results from the study showed that antenatal care (P-value = 0.000, odds ratio = 0.546 for women who visited the hospital during pregnancy on more than 5 occasions), post natal care (P-value = 0.004, odds ratio = 0.402 for women who received early neonatal care from skilled medical personnel), place ofdelivery (P-value = 0.000, odds ratio = 0.592 for babies that were delivered in a government hospital) and skill of birth attendant (P-value = 0.000, odds ratio = 0.706 for babies who were delivered by trained doctors/nurses/midwives) had significant impact on neonatal mortality at the 95% confidence level implying that improved maternal health care: before, during and immediately after delivery as well as the quality of care to motherand child are both important and necessary to the reduction of neonatal mortality in Nigeria. To achieve the sustainable development target for neonatal mortality, it is therefore recommended that stake holders in the public health sector improve the quality of existing health care facilities and access to quality services. Keywords: Neonatal mortality, logistic regression, maternal care, child health care, Nigeria

scholarly journals General practitioners’ and out-of-hours doctors’ role as gatekeeper in emergency admissions to somatic hospitals in Norway: registry-based observational study

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesper Blinkenberg ◽  
Sahar Pahlavanyali ◽  
Øystein Hetlevik ◽  
Hogne Sandvik ◽  
Steinar Hunskaar
Keyword(s):  
General Practitioners ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Emergency Admission ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Out Of Hours ◽  
Emergency Admissions ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Primary care doctors have a gatekeeper function in many healthcare systems, and strategies to reduce emergency hospital admissions often focus on general practitioners’ (GPs’) and out-of-hours (OOH) doctors’ role. The aim of the present study was to investigate these doctors’ role in emergency admissions to somatic hospitals in the Norwegian public healthcare system, where GPs and OOH doctors have a distinct gatekeeper function. Methods A cross-sectional analysis was performed by linking data from the Norwegian Patient Registry (NPR) and the physicians’ claims database. The referring doctor was defined as the physician who had sent a claim for a consultation with the patient within 24 h prior to an emergency admission. If there was no claim registered prior to hospital arrival, the admission was defined as direct, representing admissions from ambulance services, referrals from nursing home doctors, and admissions initiated by in-hospital doctors. Results In 2014 there were 497,587 emergency admissions to somatic hospitals in Norway after excluding birth related conditions. Direct admissions were most frequent (43%), 31% were referred by OOH doctors, 25% were referred by GPs, whereas only 2% were referred from outpatient clinics or private specialists with public contract. Direct admissions were more common in central areas (52%), here GPs’ referrals constituted only 16%. The prehospital paths varied with the hospital discharge diagnosis. For anaemias, 46–49% were referred by GPs, for acute appendicitis and mental/alcohol related disorders 52 and 49% were referred by OOH doctors, respectively. For both malignant neoplasms and cardiac arrest 63% were direct admissions. Conclusions GPs or OOH doctors referred many emergencies to somatic hospitals, and for some clinical conditions GPs’ and OOH doctors’ gatekeeping role was substantial. However, a significant proportion of the emergency admissions was direct, and this reduces the impact of the GPs’ and OOH doctors’ gatekeeper roles, even in a strict gatekeeping system.

scholarly journals Disease Burden of Neonatal Care Unit at Al-Bayda Medical Center Al-Bayda Libya

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 273-279
Author(s):  
Kamala O. Younis ◽  
Wafa J. Saed
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Neonatal Jaundice ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Neonatal Care ◽  
Normal Vaginal Delivery ◽  
Neonatal Mortality Rate ◽  
Neonatal Care Unit

This research was conducted to determine the number, disease pattern, and outcome of the patients admitted at the Neonatal Care Unit (NCU) at Al-Bayda  medical center (AMC) in Libya. A retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out on all neonates admitted to the NCU between January 2008 and December 2008. The collected data include age, gender, mode and site of delivery, number of gestations, maturity, duration of stay, cause of admission, and outcome. Total infants delivered were 10075, 620 (6.1%) of them were admitted to NCU with a (6.15%) admission rate, 56.5% were male and 43.5% were female, of whom 613 (98.9%) were inborn and 519 (83.7%) were term neonates; 523 (84.4%) of total born were by normal vaginal delivery (NVD). 48.7% of total admissions occurred during the first 24 hours of life. The average length of hospital stay for term births was 5.6 days (SD 5.4) and for preterm 8.7 days (SD 8.55). The common causes of admission were neonatal jaundice (29.3%), followed by neonatal infections (17.6%) were prematurity accounts for (16.3%), and respiratory distress (11.1%). The majority of the admitted neonates improved and were discharged 517 (83.4%), 37(6%) left against medical advice (LAMA) and nineteen (3%) were referred to other specialized hospitals for further management. The neonatal mortality rate was 0.4%, and the overall hospital neonatal mortality rate was 7.6%. According to the cause-specific death rate analysis, prematurity was the most common cause of death (29.8%), followed by sepsis (17%) and birth asphyxia (12.8%). In conclusion, neonatal jaundice, infection, and prematurity complications were the leading causes of morbidity in neonates. The case-fatality rate was high for prematurity, sepsis, and birth asphyxia. Most of these etiologies are preventable to some extent by regular prenatal visits, healthy delivery practices, and timely referral to hospitals which can reduce NCU burden and improve outcomes

scholarly journals Impact Of COVID-19 Lockdown On Vitreo Retina Interventions In A Tertiary Eye Care Hospital In South India- An Observational Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anand Rajendran ◽  
Prabu Baskaran ◽  
Bhavik Jain ◽  
Mani Iswarya
Keyword(s):  
South India ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
National Guidelines ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Purpose: To study the impact of nationwide lockdown imposed in view of the pandemic caused by corona virus disease (COVID) on Vitreo retina interventions (VRI) in a tertiary Vitreo retina (VR) centre in south India.Methods:Retrospective data of patients who underwent VRI during the time period spanning from a month before (pre-lockdown group) and a month after (post lockdown group) the lockdown period (lockdown group) was analysed. The VRI were sub grouped into medical (lasers and injections) and surgical. Also interventions were categorized as urgent, semi-urgent and less urgent based on national guidelines. Results:A total of 1210 patients underwent VRI during pre-lockdown, lockdown and post-lockdown periods. The proportion of urgent VRI increased significantly to 26.61 % during lockdown as compared to 9.81 % and 13.15 % during pre and post-lockdown period respectively (p value <0.001, chi square test). The proportion of semi-urgent and less urgent VRI decreased significantly during the lockdown period. The median presenting best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was significantly lesser during the lockdown period. The proportion of retina interventions increased significantly (more than 3 fold) during the lockdown period as compared with cumulative non retina subspecialty interventions. Conclusion:The proportion of urgent VRI during lockdown increased with statistical significance. Our study highlights the value of VR speciality service and its critical place in any ophthalmic set up to address the various vision threatening disorders needing urgent intervention, a significant proportion of which stem from retinal pathologies.

scholarly journals The pattern of admission and their related outcomes in NICU of a tertiary care teaching hospital, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-22
Author(s):  
Dr. Ujjwal Mittal ◽  
◽  
Dr. Vivek Parasher ◽  
Dr. Rahul Khatri ◽  
Dr. Samarth Yadav ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Extremely Low Birth Weight ◽  
Neonatal Deaths

Introduction: To achieve MDG4 (Millennium Developmental Goals-4), a substantial reduction inearly neonatal deaths will be required. The first steps in improving early neonatal survival are todocument the number and rate of deaths and identify their common causes. As per the NationalFamily Health Survey-3 report, the current neonatal mortality rate (NMR) in India is 39 per 1000 livebirths, neonatal deaths account for nearly 77% of all infant deaths (57/1000) and nearly half ofunder-five child deaths (74/1000). This study was undertaken to study the disease pattern andoutcome of neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of a tertiary care teachinghospital located in Udaipur, Rajasthan. Material and methods: The age, sex, gestational age, andmorbidity and mortality profile of all NICU admissions in 5 years was determined and the differencebetween Inborn (those born in the Teaching Hospital) and Out born was calculated. Morbidity riskfactors to reduce NMR in Udaipur were determined. Results: A total of 2648 neonates wereadmitted to NICU during the study period, out of which none were excluded from the study. Theratio of Male to Female admitted was 1.30:1. The major causes of morbidity were MeconiumAspiration Syndrome (16.16%), Respiratory Distress Syndrome(10.12%), Cong. HeartDefects(8.76%), Neonatal Sepsis(4.83%) and Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy(5.66%). In thisstudy, the overall mortality rate was 9.96%. Most of the Deaths were due to MAS(25.75%),RDS(15.90%), Neonatal Sepsis(10.22%), and HIE(12.87%). Neonates with birth weight <1000ghad poor outcomes compared to neonates with birth weight >2500g. Conclusion: This studyidentified Prematurity, Extremely low birth weight, MAS, and Neonatal Sepsis as major causes ofMorbidity and MAS, RDS as the major contributors to neonatal mortality. Improving antenatal care,maternal health, and timely referral of high-risk cases to tertiary care hospitals will help to improveneonatal outcomes.

scholarly journals A comparative analysis of COVID-19 mortality rate across the globe: An extensive analysis of the associated factors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vineet Jain ◽  
Nusrat Nabi ◽  
Kailash Chandra ◽  
Sana Irshad ◽  
Varun kashyap ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
P Value ◽  
Population Total ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Vast Variation

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe vast variation in COVID 19 mortality across the globe draws attention to potential risk factors other than the patient characteristics that determine COVID-19 mortality.Subjects and MethodsWe have quantified and analyzed one of the broadest set of clinical factors associated with COVID-19-related death, ranging from disease related co-morbities, socioeconomic factors, healthcare capacity and government policy and interventions. Data for population, total cases, total COVID mortality, tests done, and GDP per capita were extracted from the worldometers database. Datasets for health expenditure by government, hospital beds, rural population, prevalence of smoking, prevalence of overweight population, deaths due to communicable disease and incidence of malaria were extracted from the World Bank website. Prevalence of diabetes was retrieved from the indexmundi rankings. The average population age, 60+ population, delay in lockdown, population density and BCG data were also included for analysis. The COVID-19 mortality per million and its associated factors were retrieved for 56 countries across the globe. Quantitative analysis was done at the global as well as continent level. All the countries included in the study were categorized continent and region wise for comparative analysis determining the correlation between COVID 19 mortality and the aforementioned factors.ResultsThere was significant association found between mortality per million and 60+ population of country, average age, prevalence of diabetes mellitus, and case fatality rate with correlation and p value (p) of 0.422 (p 0.009), 0.386 (p 0.0186), −0.384 (p 0.019) and 0.753 (p 0.000) respectively at 95% CI.ConclusionThe study observations will serve as a evidence based management strategy for generating predictive model for COVID-19 infection and mortality rate.

scholarly journals Faktor Risiko Kematian Neonatal Dini di Rumah Sakit Bersalin

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 283
Author(s):  
Andi Zulkifli Abdullah ◽  
M. Furqaan Naiem ◽  
Nurul Ulmy Mahmud
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Case Control ◽  
P Value ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Early Neonatal Mortality

Angka kematian bayi di Indonesia masih tergolong tinggi, kematian neona- tal 50% terjadi pada bayi berat lahir rendah (BBLR) dan lebih dari 50% ke- matian bayi adalah kematian neonatal dini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor antenatal care (ANC), status imunisasi Tetanus Toxoid (TT) ibu hamil, anemia pada saat hamil, berat lahir, status paritas, dan status hipotermia terhadap kematian neonatal dini. Penelitian meng- gunakan desain penelitian case control di Rumah Sakit Bersalin Kota Makassar dengan sampel 40 kasus dan 120 kontrol. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara langsung dengan responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor risiko kejadian kematian neonatal dini meliputi ANC (nilai p = 0,000; odds ratio, OR = 7,333; CI 95% = 2,966 - 18,129), status imunisasi TT (nilai p = 0,000; OR = 19,205; CI 95% = 7,902 - 46,678), anemia ibu hamil (nilai p = 0,000; OR = 32,818; CI 95% = 7,549 - 142,674), berat lahir (nilai p = 0,000; OR = 122,212; CI 95% = 32,324 - 462,068), status paritas (nilai p = 0,000; OR = 5,537; CI 95% = 2,029 - 15,111), status asfiksia (ni- lai p = 0,000; OR = 8,197; CI 95% = 0,452 - 2,745). Status hipotermia bukan merupakan faktor risiko kematian neonatal dini (nilai p = 0,815; OR = 1,114; CI 95% = 3,646 mukan bahwa berat lahir bayi merupakan faktor yang paling berisiko ter- hadap kematian neonatal dini (nilai p = 0,000). Kata kunci: Faktor risiko kematian, neonatal dini, angka kematian bayi, bayi berat lahir rendahAbstractInfant mortality rate in Indonesia is still high. Fifty percent of the neonatal mortality occurred among low birth weight infants (LBWI) and neonatal mortality within 7 days of life accounted for 50% of total infant mortalities. This study was aimed to examine the extent of early neonatal mortality risk by antenatal care (ANC), Tetanus Toxoid (TT) immunization status of pregnant women, anemia during pregnancy, birth weight of neonatal, parity status, and hypothermia status.This study was a case control study with direct interview to respondents, conducted in the Maternity Hospital of Makassar with 40 cases and 120 controls. Samples were selected by purposive sam- pling. Study results indicated that risk factor of early neonatal mortality were ANC (p value = 0,000; odds ratio, OR = 7,33; CI 95% = 2,966 - 18,129), TT immunization status (p value = 0,000; OR = 19,205; CI 95% = 7,902 - 46,678), pregnancy anemia (p value = 0,000; OR = 32,818; CI 95% = 7,549 - 142,674), birth weight (p value = 0,000; OR = 122,212; CI 95% = 32,324 - 462,068), parity status (p value = 0,000; OR = 5,537; CI 95% = 2,029 - 15,111), asphyxia status (p value = 0,000; OR = 8,197; CI 95% = 0,452 - 2,745), whereas hypothermia status (p value = 0,815; OR = 1,114; 0,452 - 2,745) was not a risk factor. Results of logistic regression multivariate analysis indicated that infant’s birth weight was the most risk factor of early neonatal mortality (p value = 0,000). Specific surveillance program for high risk neonatal needed to be arranged in all health centers.Key words: Mortality risk factor, early neonatal, infant mortality rate, low birth weight infants

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