scholarly journals EFFECTIVE PUBLIC POLICIES AND THE RE-INTEGRATION OF EX-CONVICTS: THE NIGERIAN CORRECTIONAL SYSTEM

Author(s):  
Shimawua Dominic ◽  

In a recent development, the Nigeria Prison Service was renamed, “the Nigeria Correction Service”, a move that is designed to reorient the department along the lines of emergent demands of justice dispensation on the global scene. This study examined the extent to which the new Nigeria Correction Service can adjust to the laudable objective of repositioning itself for purposes of reformation and re-integration of the nation’s ex-convicts for a better Nigerian society. Data was obtained from secondary materials including books, periodicals, journals, newspapers, the internet, etc. Content analysis was adopted as the mode of analysis while the theory of social integration (Blau, 1960) was employed as the theoretical framework of the study. Findings revealed that the re-orientation of the “service” for purposes of reformation and reintegration of ex-convicts had long been taking place as many of such citizens had either acquired a good measure of education while in prison, learned various vocations, and even attained higher spiritual growths. The study suggested adequate funding to enhance the effort of the service in achieving its objectives.

2021 ◽  
pp. 144078332199165
Author(s):  
Keith D Parry ◽  
Ryan Storr ◽  
Emma J Kavanagh ◽  
Eric Anderson

This article develops a theoretical framework to understand how sexuality can be institutionalised through debates about marriage equality. We first examine 13 Australian sporting organisations concerning their support for marriage equality and sexual minority inclusion before showing they drew cultural capital from supporting episodes of equality exogenous to their organisation, while failing to promote internal inclusion. We use online content analysis alongside the identification of institutional speech acts within policy to analyse results through three conceptual lenses: Ahmed’s institutional diversity work, Ogburn’s cultural lag, and Evan’s organisational lag, from which we propose a hybrid – organisational cultural lag – as a theoretical tool within social movement theory.


2021 ◽  
pp. 074391562199967
Author(s):  
Raffaello Rossi ◽  
Agnes Nairn ◽  
Josh Smith ◽  
Christopher Inskip

The internet raises substantial challenges for policy makers in regulating gambling harm. The proliferation of gambling advertising on Twitter is one such challenge. However, the sheer scale renders it extremely hard to investigate using conventional techniques. In this paper the authors present three UK Twitter gambling advertising studies using both Big Data analytics and manual content analysis to explore the volume and content of gambling adverts, the age and engagement of followers, and compliance with UK advertising regulations. They analyse 890k organic adverts from 417 accounts along with data on 620k followers and 457k engagements (replies and retweets). They find that around 41,000 UK children follow Twitter gambling accounts, and that two-thirds of gambling advertising Tweets fail to fully comply with regulations. Adverts for eSports gambling are markedly different from those for traditional gambling (e.g. on soccer, casinos and lotteries) and appear to have strong appeal for children, with 28% of engagements with eSports gambling ads from under 16s. The authors make six policy recommendations: spotlight eSports gambling advertising; create new social-media-specific regulations; revise regulation on content appealing to children; use technology to block under-18s from seeing gambling ads; require ad-labelling of organic gambling Tweets; and deploy better enforcement.


2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
L de Albuquerque Araújo ◽  
G Icaza Noguera ◽  
C Albala Brevis

Abstract We are experiencing the highest levels of life expectancy and it poses challenges in the maintenance of the functional capacity in old age. This study seeks to determine the relation between social integration and functional limitation in Chilean older adults. Cross-sectional study with baseline of two cohort studies: the SABE cohort (born before 1940) and the Alexandros cohort (born between 1940 and 1948 from Primary Health Care centers), from Santiago. Were considered 1733 elderly. Performance variables were studied in seven Instrumental Activity of Daily Living (IADL): preparing food, managing money, leaving home alone, making purchases, making or receiving calls, doing light housework, organizing and taking medications, and six basic Activities of Daily Living (ADL): bathing, dressing, use of the bathroom, transfer, continence of urine and feeding. Having difficulties or inability to perform at least one activity was classified as having functional limitations. Social integration variables were: participation in community groups, clubs or organizations and in recreational activities. Adjustment variables were: sex, age, educational level, household income, depression, cognitive impairment and multimorbidity. Robust Poisson Regression was performed and prevalence ratios (PR) of functional limitation in ADL and IADL were reported. The level of significance was ≤0.5. Prevalence of functional limitations in ADL was 73.3% and in AIVD was 37.1%. Who participated in recreational activities have a lower prevalence of functional limitation in ADL (PR 0.85; 95%CI 0.80-0.90) and in IADL (PR 0.74; 95% CI0.63-0.86). Participation in community groups, clubs or organizations was associated with a lower prevalence of limitation in ADL (RP 0.78; 95%CI 0.71-0.87), although it was not significantly related to performance in IADL. Greater social integration in adulthood is a protective factor for limitation in ADL and IADL and should be the subject of public policies in Chile. Key messages Social integration seems to be a protective factor for functional limitation in Chilean older adults. Society and public policies should give greater opportunity for the elderly to participate in recreational activities and community groups.


2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 451-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mona Khattab

With the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, misinformation and unscientific interpretations flooded the internet. Seeking credible information in Egypt was paramount at the time. An answer to this quest was ‘Ask Nameesa’, an award-winning Egyptian-focused chatbot that utilizes Facebook Messenger to communicate with social media users in an individualized response engagement. It relies on information validated by WHO and the Egyptian Ministry of Health. This article examines the structure of Ask Nameesa as an example of infobots and studies the interactive engagement it offers users to provide health information. The study analyses data gathered by interviewing the founder and CEO of DXwand, the company that developed Ask Nameesa as well as content analysis of conversations with Ask Nameesa to assess its user engagement. The study aims at understanding the potential Ask Nameesa has in providing information literacy and tackling public demand for information.


At- Tarbawi ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-27
Author(s):  
Suratiningsih Suratiningsih

The research aims to describe the puzzling media as a solution to increase the learning motivation of elementary /MI student. This research is library research. It is a method that the data which is needed in completing research comes from library sources i.e. include books, encyclopedias, dictionaries, journals, documents, magazines, etc as well as various sources on the internet. The data collection technique used in this research is documentation. Documentation means looking for data about things in the form of notes, books, papers, articles, journal, and so on. Then, the data analysis technique used in this study is content analysis. In this analysis, the process of selecting, comparing, and combining various meanings will be found to be relevant. The media is an intermediary or introduction. Puzzle media can improve the students’ motivation to keep trying to solve problems. It is fun for students because it can be repeated. The challenges in the puzzle game will give you an addictive effect to always try and try until they are successful.


2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-46
Author(s):  
Antonio C. Cuyler

This article represents a snapshot and analysis of U. S. service arts organizations’ DEI statements and activities in 2018. At that time, many primarily White-serving U. S. cultural organizations responded defensively to accusations of elitism and a harmful rigged funding system that maintained the status quo by awarding most cultural funding to these organizations while undermining the health and vitality of cultural organizations by and for historically oppressed communities (Sidford, 2011). Furthermore, Helicon Collaborative (2017) found that even with a host of cultural equity, “diversity” projects (Tseng 2016), and public-facing DEI statements, little had changed within six years. Therefore, this study uses directed and summative content analysis to investigate the research question “what do cultural equity and diversity statements communicate about cultural organizations’ positions on DEI?” This study also uses Frankfurt’s (2005) essay On Bullshit and Laing’s (2016) two-prong definition of accountability as a theoretical framework to examine if and how cultural organizations hold themselves accountable for achieving DEI in the creative sector. Lastly, readers should keep in mind that the public murder of Geor-ge Floyd in 2020 has hastened all of the service arts organizations’ access, diversity, equity, and inclusion (ADEI) work examined in this study.


2021 ◽  
pp. 18-34
Author(s):  
D. I. Kaminchenko

The article is devoted to the study of the features of modern political communication in the context of society networkization. The interaction of a regional political leader and society in the sign-symbolic space of political communication is considered.The purpose of this paper is to identify the main image-role semantic constructs, which are reflected in the messages of the head of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation, posted by him on the popular Internet platform for social media Instagram. In addition to establishing the most actively used semantic image-role constructs, the research determines the degree of it`s popularity and the level of it`s approval among the audience of this Internet platform.The qualitative and quantitative type of content analysis was chosen as the main applied research method. In addition to it, a comparative analysis method is used. The conceptual basis of the research is formed by the theory of the information society, as well as the concepts of “network image”, “digitalization policy” and “network identity”.According to the results of the conducted content analysis, it was found that more often than others in the messages posted on the studied official Internet page of the political leader in Instagram, such an image-role construct as an “organizer” is presented. This corresponds to the type of leadership characteristic of this political leader. Among the entries that aroused a relatively increased attention of the audience of the Internet platform, there are messages where a number of image-role constructs are presented, including: “crisis manager”, “organizer”, “team player”, “builder”, “open leader, hearing society” and “business executive”. Such a uniform distribution of the audience’s interest in it`s functional and semantic constructs may be explained by the fact that the head of the region is actively paying attention to each of the designated thematic areas.The highest level of approval from the audience of the Internet platform was received by the messages, which reflected such image-role constructs as “family man” and “leader looking to the future”. Considering the relatively inactive use of the designated semantic constructs by the head of the region in the messages posted on his official Instagram page, it is noted that an increase in the number of messages, which would reflect these image-role constructs, may enhance the leader’s positive image and, as a result, the level of his support in society.


KOMUNIKE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-186
Author(s):  
Mansur Hidayat

The appearance of the trailer for The Santri movie has sparked various responses on the internet, this can be observed from the existence of parties who are pro and contra with the movie trailer. This difference can be seen from the way the audience responds to and interpret the contents of the movie trailer. This study can understand the image of the student at Islamic Boarding School in the movie trailer of The Santri which can be seen through the account NU Channel on YouTube. The study used a descriptive qualitative approach model with content analysis on movie trailers. The results of the study show that the image of the student at an Islamic Boarding School in the movie trailer of The Santri can be divided into two parts, namely: first, an explicit image such as students must have self-confidence, have high dreams, love religion and their nation, have a good faith, and be a loyal friend. Second, implicit images such as students who have a simple, tough, and brave image, accept differences, and are open-minded.


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