scholarly journals CHEMICAL QUESTIONS AND PROBLEMS FOR THE CADETS, GRAMMAR-SCHOOL BOYS AND REALISTS IN PRE-REVOLUTIONARY RUSSIA

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-47
Author(s):  
Sergey Teleshov
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
School Teacher ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Training Method ◽  
Grammar School ◽  
Modern Technique ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The One

Studying questions of application of various tutorials in practice of work of the school teacher of chemistry, we have addressed to educational texts XIX – beginnings ХХ centuries It is translation both original textbooks and books of problems not only in chemistry, but also on the physics. The matter is that the independent subject "chemistry" existed no more than in 25 % of average educational institutions of the Russian empire. For this reason chemical data inevitably joined in physics textbooks. Still in the end of XYIII centuries P.Gilarovsky, the professor of the Petersburg teacher's seminary, in the preface to his textbook of physics has noticed that it "has added" data from chemistry as it is necessary for the physicist. There upon by us have been considered over 200 textbooks and books of problems of physics and chemistry which found application in various types of average educational institutions of Russia. The most interesting are chosen from them 40 in the methodical plan and questions and problems which were offered in these texts to pupils are considered. The file of educational texts studied by us allows, on the one hand, when also what questions and settlement problems in chemistry have appeared in high school. Simultaneously we enrich a modern technique of training by those approaches and receptions which were applied by our predecessors since problems simultaneously are both tutorial and a training method. Possibility to estimate use of the mathematic device by the schoolboys who have passed a course more hundred fifty years ago is useful also. Comparison, by the way, unfortunately, is obvious not in our advantage. Key words: tutorials, history of a technique of training, settlement problems.

scholarly journals The Foundations of N.K. Mikhailovsky's Theory. Formation of “Subjective Sociology”, Late 1860s – mid-1870s

2021 ◽  
Vol V (2) ◽  
pp. 55-78
Author(s):  
Andrey Teslya
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Social Theory ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Social Democrats ◽  
The Public ◽  
Special Analysis ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The One

Nikolai Konstantinovich Mikhaylovsky (1842–1904) is one of the most well-known and influential Russian publicists of the last third of the 19th and the beginning of 20th century, ideologist of the Narodniki movement, the author of the conception known as “subjective sociology” and the editor of journal Russian wealth at the end of his life. Yet, while his role in the history of Russian social movement or literary-aesthetic views have been quite fully studied, his social theory has rarely become the object of the special analysis during the last century. On the one hand, it was shadowed by the theories which appeared earlier and had more influence even abroad (outside the Russian empire) as, for example, the ideas of Herzen, Bakunin, Chernyshevsky, Lavrov. On the other hand, Mikhaylovsky, who was severely criticized by Russian social democrats in 1894–1901, was perceived as a rather weak theorist. In this article, we demonstrate the essential differences between the early conceptual advances of Mikhaylovsky and P.L. Lavrov and assert that the conception of the former was influenced both by the rethinking of the Darwinism from a viewpoint of understanding of nature and by the conclusions for social theory. Unlike Lavrov, Mikhaylovsky, as well as Herzen, was an advocate of non-teleological understanding of progress and favored the interpretation of history as logical yet free from strict determinism. In conclusion, Mikhaylovsky’s opinion about the society, which was formed at the end of 1860s – first quarter of 1870s, appears as a quite consistent and elaborated system, an answer to the theoretical challenges. Firstly, on the part of the Darwinism and the attempt to apply it to the analysis of the society. Secondly, on the part of the organicism. Lastly, we give an interpretation to the decline of the public interest to the social theory of Mikhaylovsky at the end of the 19th – beginning of 20th century.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF MILITARY EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS ACTIVITY IN YELISAVETGRAD REGION IN 1865-1917

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (46) ◽  
Author(s):  
O. V. Pertsov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Empire ◽  
Military Education ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Internal Organization ◽  
Military School ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The One ◽  
The Right ◽  
School Activity

In the article, the features of military educational institutions activity in Yelisavetgrad region in 1865–1917 have been studied. The purpose of the article is to study features of Yelisavetgrad cavalry junker school activity in Yelisavetgrad region in 1865–1917. The purpose of the Yelisavetgrad cavalry junker school was analysed as the one to prepare high-moral officers-practitions and as a military one that had the right to train officers in the rank of Cornets. It has been concluded that at a certain point of its activity Yelisavetgrad cavalry junker school became the second in the Russian Empire due to its the internal organization of the institution's life in accordance with the current charter of the internal service in the troops, the organization of the educational process and the regime in the school.Key words: military educational institutions, Yelisavetgrad region, military school, officer cavalry school, military education.

scholarly journals To the history of the formation of the Iranian collections in the Russian Ethnographic Museum fund

2020 ◽  
pp. 18-21
Author(s):  
L. S. Gushchian ◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
The Other ◽  
High Status ◽  
Ethnic Culture ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Mechanisms Of Formation ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The One

The mechanisms of formation of the Iranian funds of the Russian Ethnographic Museum are analyzed in the article. The series of collections acquired at the beginning of the 20th century for this collection, indicates the relevant interest towards the multi-ethnic culture of Iran, in which female images, with an outstandingly exotic character for Europeans, have a special place. The accompanying archival materials of the collections, in particular, the correspondence between expeditionist-collector S.  Ter-Avetisyan, a student of the Imperial St. Petersburg university, and the curator of the museum K. Inostrantsev, demonstrate, on the one hand, the wide range of research programs of the orientalist s tudents at the beginning of the last century, and on the other, a researcher’s high status in the Russian Empire

scholarly journals Reviews of the Regions of the Russian Empire as a Historical Source on the History of Education (on the Example of the Regions of the Steppe Territory and Turkestan)

2021 ◽  
pp. 66-70
Author(s):  
M.V. Rygalova
Keyword(s):  
Historical Context ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Historical Source ◽  
Education Development ◽  
Region Matching ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Auxiliary Source

Reviews of the provinces and regions of the Russian Empire (appendices to the reports of governors) are a comprehensive source on the history of the regions. As the official statistical publication, the reviews are controversially assessed by historians for the reliability of the data. However, comparisons with other sources, as well as critical analysis, allow researchers to view the survey as a representative source. The article analyzes the source potential of reviews as a source on the history of the development of education in the outskirts territories of the Russian Empire. The characteristics of the information contained in the source on the development of education are given. As a result of working with the source, a set of issues in the field of education development that should be considered using the survey data as an independent or auxiliary source (quantitative growth of educational institutions, students, development of the network of educational institutions, its structure, features). The requirements for the structure of gubernatorial reports and their appendices were established at the beginning of the 19th century. However, the structure of reviews and the information presented in them differs significantly depending on the year or region. Matching of the information with other sections of the source and the historical context of the period under review allow us to conclude that the reviews in the education section are highly informative.

scholarly journals CHEMICAL EXPERIMENT AS METHOD OF SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE OF THE WORLD OF THE RUSSIAN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS IN XIX-XX CENTURIES

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-155
Author(s):  
Sergei V. Teleshov ◽  
Elena V. Teleshova
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Military Schools ◽  
The World ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Chemical Experiment

The chemistry as an independent subject in the Russian Empire was brought into the curriculum of real gymnasiums in 1864 (Parmyonov, 1963; Teleshov, 2000). Nevertheless, in 1794 in Mountain school A. M. Karamyshev, Karl Linney's pupil, gave actually the first course of chemistry in high school. It is quite natural that the very first textbooks of chemistry in Russia were in the German and French languages. Then the time of translated textbooks came. The first original textbooks for school appeared in Russia at the beginning of the 19th century. In all these books the essential attention was paid to chemical experiment: both to supervision, and its performance. Also, we will try to track that could observe and what to carry out in fixed time pupils of gymnasiums, schools and military schools at 19 beginning of 20 centuries. Certainly, we consider this question in connection with its large volume on a limited number of examples, using materials of school textbooks and articles in the methodical magazine. Educational texts in the range of 1886-1910, till 1911 - prior to the beginning of a methodical era of V. Verkhovsky will be brought to your attention. Key words: secondary school, chemical experiment, non multa sed multum.

Political parties of Russia in the socio-political discourse in the post-perestroika period (to the history of the issue)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (10-4) ◽  
pp. 226-235
Author(s):  
Svetlana Stepanova
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Political Discourse ◽  
Party System ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Meaningful Relationship ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The One

The purpose of this article is to study the problem of the Russian specifics of partogenesis in modern socio-political discourse. Particular attention is paid to the formation and development of the party system in modern Russia. The presence of a meaningful relationship between the stage of the emergence of a multi-party system in the period of the Russian Empire, the post-revolutionary Soviet period when the one-party system was approved, and, finally, the modern multi-party system in the Russian Federation.

A Bulgarian Student in Early XX Century Ukraine: Study, Lifestyle and Challenges

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 399-411
Author(s):  
Аndrii Chutkyi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
World War ◽  
Studying Abroad ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The Town

The paper discusses the life of Konstantin Nikolov, a Bulgarian from the town of Gorna Oryahovitsa, during his study at the Kyiv Institute of Commerce (1909 – 1915). The very “insignificance” of this person allows for some wider generalizations, given the fact that precisely such people best reflect the society as a whole. For this reason, the study of ordinary people’s biographies has become an important focus of modern historiography. Nikolov’s student years illustrate some aspects of contemporary Bulgarian history and exemplify the experience of Bulgarian students in the Russian Empire before and during the World War I. The present study is based on archive materials previously untapped by scholars. It also involves some documents relative to Svitozar Drahomanov, who was of Ukrainian origin but spent his childhood in Bulgaria and studied at the Kyiv Institute of Commerce along with Nikolov, as well as documents regarding a trip to Bulgaria by Czesław Madej, another student of the same institute. The study demonstrates that archives of different Kyiv-based higher educational institutions should be explored for more valuable materials regarding Bulgarian born students, which may help draw a fuller picture of Bulgarian-Ukrainian relations in the field of education and culture. This, in turn, will contribute to a deeper understanding of the history of Ukrainian higher education in the early 20th century. It will also provide a wider perspective on the phenomenon of Bulgarians studying abroad before and during the World War I, including the life situations of the students during this period which proved crucial for the whole European civilization.

Formation and activity of labor squads in the Russian Empire during the First World War

2021 ◽  
pp. 185-193
Author(s):  
Aleksei I. Chubarov
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Russian State ◽  
The First World War ◽  
History Of ◽  
Labor Resources ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Primary Materials ◽  
First World

The history of the creation and activity of student labor brigades on the territory of the Russian Empire is considered. They were supposed to replace men in peasant farms who had been mobilized into the ranks of the army. By the early 20th century, the agrarian Russian Empire was characterized by an excess of workers in the countryside, since a significant part of the country’s population lived in the countryside. The ruling circles of both Russia and the European powers were confident in the “inexhaustibility” of the human resources of the Russian state. However, al-ready in the summer and autumn of 1914, a shortage of workers in rural areas began to be felt. With the subsequent mobilizations, the situation only worsened. In response to the problem, the tsarist government asked the local authorities to help the families of the mobilized lower ranks in harvesting and sowing fields. We use materials from periodicals and primary materials deposited in the archives of the cities of the Central Black Earth region about student labor brigades of the Voronezh, Kursk and Oryol Governorates. We also use information on other regions of the Rus-sian Empire. It is assumed that labor brigades arose on a private initiative as one of the forms of mobilization of labor resources in conditions caused by a shortage of workers. Later, the initiative of educational institutions of the Minsk province received state support.

scholarly journals History of the Ukrainian language at the beginning of the XX century: the educational dimension

2021 ◽  
pp. 50-67
Author(s):  
Tetiana Vydaichuk
Keyword(s):  
National Policy ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
University Education ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
Language Courses ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The Right ◽  
Fresh Impetus

Background. The article aims at establishing the ideological, political, national, educational, and scientific processes which contributed to establishing the Ukrainian language in all spheres of usage and fostered its functional-stylistic development. The paper centers around the language socioleme, that is the history of Ukrainian speakers, readers, and writers, language researchers and those who fought for the right of Ukrainian to be the language of education and the subject of scientific study.Purpose. The article aims at highlighting the struggle for the rights of the Ukrainian language in 1905–1917, as well as some aspects of the Russian Empire language policy as regards university education in Dnieper Ukraine. The research material comprises the ideas of the then scholars and public figures, which appeared in the media at the time (predominantly in the Rada newspaper), archival documents, and gendarme papers.Methods. The article relies primarily on the descriptive method, coupled with elements of the contrastive method and the biographical analysis.Results. The struggle for the Ukrainian language rights in the realm of education began with the demand to establish native language courses at private educational institutions and an extensive Kharkiv and Odesa student campaign for the right to take courses in Ukrainian Studies. Fresh impetus was provided by Kyiv St. Volodymyr University students’ address to the academic council, appealing for the establishment of Departments of Ukrainian Studies. The Imperial University administration did not support the student initiative, which triggered a widespread debate in public and academic circles in Ukraine at the time.Discussion. Generally, up to 1917–1920 (the age of the Ukrainian Revolution) universities and other educational institutions featured no systematic annual academic courses in the Ukrainian language, its dialectal variation, or its history. At the time, Ukrainian did not function as the language of education and science in Dnieper Ukraine, nor was it an object of rigorous academic study. The Russian Empire language and national policy remained anti-Ukrainian, in disregard of the liberties declared in 1905.

HISTORY OF MEDICINE DEVELOPMENT IN TURKISTAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 63-67
Author(s):  
Mamarazok Tagaev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
History Of Medicine ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Medicine Development ◽  
History Of ◽  
Russian Military ◽  
The Russian Empire

In the article, after the conquest of the Russian Empire in the province, hospitals were opened for the Russian military and turned them into a hospital. Opened hospitals in Tashkent, Samarkand and Kattakurgan and outpatients for women and men. However,the local population, fearing doctors in uniform, did not want to contact them and turned to healers and paramedics

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