Behavioural Determinants of Functionality of Farmer Producer Organisations in Punjab

2022 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-135
Author(s):  
Manjinder Singh ◽  
Devinder Tiwari ◽  
Sarang Monga ◽  
Rajesh K. Rana

Small and marginal farming communities of Indian agriculture account for more than 85%of the total farming households. They face the challenges of land fragmentation, high costof inputs and inability to market their produce efficiently. To tackle these challenges, policymakers came up with the model of farmers’ mutual cooperation through Farmer ProducerOrganisations (FPOs). This study conducted in Punjab analyses the behavioural factorsresponsible for functionality of FPOs. A random selection of 150 members from 5 functionaland 5 non-functional FPOs (i.e., 15 respondents from each selected FPO) was made andthe respondents were interviewed personally. The findings revealed that the members(including management) of the functional FPOs had higher risk bearing capacity, greatereconomic motivation and more innovativeness as compared to the respondents from non-functional FPOs. Similarly, respondents from functional FPOs were socially, economicallyand managerially more empowered than the non-functional FPOs. Business skills of themembers, including the managerial members, of functional FPOs were also better ascompared to those from the non-functional FPOs. Regression estimates revealed that thefunctionality, better academic qualification, bigger land holding and joint family systemwere responsible for the higher net annual income of the respondents.

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Amirudin Wibowo

The increasing number of residents coming from outside Jabodetabek has resulted in increased activity in the Jabodetabek area. Generally newcomers are reluctant to have permanent housing but prefer semi-permanent buildings such as boarding houses, so that newcomers make boarding houses a flexible place to live. What must be considered in the selection of boarding houses in addition to the available prices and facilities is also because if newcomers want to find a boarding house must see the distance so they can estimate how much time the boarding house goes to the intended place such as campus or office harmed as well as environmental conditions so as to create a comfortable and peaceful atmosphere. Newcomers must be able to socialize with local residents so that harmony can be maintained, for example following a mutual cooperation activity held once a month to strengthen the relationship. One that makes it easier for newcomers to find a boarding house is to make a mobile android based application considering that it is quite fast in this modern era, the access can easily be done anywhere and whenever needed. The information needed is the name of the owner of the boarding house, room data. facilities, location and price..


2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Abdul Fatah Fanani ◽  
Supardi Ibrahim

Abstrak Reformasi kebijakan tentang desa dapat terlihat jelas dalam undang-undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 tentang desa. Masyarakat desa selama ini lebih sering hanya menjadi penonton dalam pelaksanaan pembangunan di daerahnya. Namun melalui undang-undang nomor 6 tahun 2014 ini masyarakat diberikan kewenangan pengakuan terhadap hak asal usul (rekognisi), penetapan kewenangan berskala lokal dan pengambilan keputusan secara lokal untuk kepentingan masyarakat desa (subsidiaritas), keberagaman, kebersamaan, kegotong-royongan, kekeluargaan, musyawarah, demokrasi, kemandirian, partisipasi, kesetaraan, pemberdayaan dan keberlanjutan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Pemilihan metode penelitian kualitatif dalam penelitian ini dengan maksud agar dalam proses pencarian makna dibalik fenomena dapat dilakukan pengkajian secara komprehensif, mendalam, alamiah, dan apa adanya serta tanpa banyak campur tangan dari peneliti. Dengan metode kualitatif ini dapat di analisis mengenai pendekatan collaborative governance dalam mewujudkan kemandirian desa. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa di kabupaten Sidoarjo sudah ada beberapa kegiatan yang mendukung collaborative governance dalam mendorong terwujudnya kemandirian desa. Beberapa kegiatan tersebut diantaranya adalah terbentuknya Badan Koordinasi Antar Desa (BKAD), Program Kawasan Perdesaan (PROKADES), Desa Melangkah, dan Start Up Desa. Kata Kunci: Kemandirian Desa, Collaborative Governance, Recognisi, Subsidiaritas, Undang-undang Desa.   Abstract Policy reforms on villages can be seen clearly in Law No. 6 of 2014 about villages. The village community has only been a spectator in the implementation of development in their area. However, through law number 6 of 2014, the village community is given the authority to recognize the rights of origin (recognition), recognition of local scale authority and decision making locally for the benefit of the village community (subsidiarity), diversity, togetherness, mutual cooperation, kinship, deliberation, democracy, independence, participation, equality, empowerment and sustainability. This study uses qualitative research methods with a descriptive approach. The selection of qualitative research methods in this study with the intention that in the process of finding the meaning behind the phenomenon can be carried out comprehensively, deeply, naturally, and as it is and without much interference from researchers. This qualitative method can be analyzed about collaborative governance approaches in realizing village independence. The results of this study indicate that there are already several activities in Sidoarjo regency that support collaborative governance in encouraging the realization of village independence. Some of these activities include the establishment of an Inter-Village Coordination Board (BKAD), the Rural Area Program (PROKADES), Desa Melangkah, and Start Up Villages. Keywords: Village Independence, Collaborative Governance, Recognition, Subsidiarity, Village Law.


Author(s):  
James Jiang ◽  
Gary Klein ◽  
Eric T.G. Wang

The skills held by information system professionals clearly impact the outcome of a project. However, the perceptions of just what skills are expected of information systems (IS) employees have not been found to be a reliable predictor of eventual success in the literature. Though relationships to success have been identified, the results broadly reported in the literature are often ambiguous or conflicting, presenting difficulties in developing predictive models of success. We examine the perceptions of IS managers and IS employees for technology management, interpersonal, and business skills to determine if their perceptions can serve to predict user satisfaction. Simple gap measures are dismissed as inadequate because weights on the individual expectations are not equal and predictive properties low. Exploratory results from polynomial regression models indicate that the problems in defining a predictive model extend beyond the weighting difficulties, as results differ by each skill type. Compound this with inherent problems in the selection of a success measure, and we only begin to understand the complexities in the relationships that may be required in an adequate predictive model relating skills to success.


Author(s):  
Kiran Jha

Indians came to the Caribbean under the system of indenture to augment the labour shortage in the plantations around the middle of the nineteenth century. Rather than returning after the contractual period, many Indians stayed on, accepting the Caribbean as their new found home. Thus began a symbiotic relationship of the Indian culture with the Caribbean society in the new habitat. This paper outlines the lives of the overseas Indians with reference to aspects of marriage, including the selection of spouses, different kinds of marriage and its dissolution. The paper also discusses the institution of family and its internal mechanisms in terms of patterns of authority, inheritance, conflicts, the position of women and the system of kinship. The overseas Indians moved from tradition to modernity, and from custom to legality. There was also resistance to change and deviations as some values struggled to be reinforced, while others were discarded. On the whole, kinship relations remained of vital importance for the sake of mutual cooperation and social intercourse in a foreign land. Interpersonal relations helped to regulate and standardize behaviour. In providing these accounts, this paper seeks to portray the persistence and change of traditional Indian social intuitions and customs among the overseas community in the Caribbean.


2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Rachel J Krause ◽  
Marilyn E Scott ◽  
Odalis Sinisterra ◽  
Kristine G Koski

Abstract Objectives: To explore impacts of a demonstration garden-based agricultural intervention on agricultural knowledge, practices and production, food security and preschool child diet diversity of subsistence farming households. Design: Observational study of households new to the intervention or participating for 1 or 5 years. Variables measured were agricultural techniques learned from the intervention and used, agricultural production, household food insecurity (FIS) and child diet diversity (DDS), over one agricultural cycle (during land preparation, growing and harvest months). Setting: Fifteen rural subsistence farming communities in Panama. Participants: Households participating in intervention (n 237) with minimum one preschool child. Results: After 1 year, participants had more learned and applied techniques, more staple crops produced and lower FIS and higher DDS during land preparation and growing months compared with those new to the intervention. After 5 years, participants grew more maize, chickens and types of crops and had higher DDS during growing months and, where demonstration gardens persisted, used more learned techniques and children ate more vitamin A-rich foods. Variables associated with DDS varied seasonally: during land preparation, higher DDS was associated with higher household durable asset-based wealth; during growing months, with greater diversity of vegetables planted and lower FIS; during harvest, with older caregivers, caregivers working less in agriculture, more diverse crops and receiving food from demonstration gardens. Conclusions: The intervention improved food production, food security and diets. Sustained demonstration gardens were important for continued use of new agricultural techniques and improved diets.


2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 441-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sambit Mallick ◽  
Haribabu Ejnavarzala ◽  
Bhoopathi Reddy B.

Abstract From the sociology of science perspective, this paper attempts to trace the shifts in the knowledge and its application in the context of seed production—the central input in agriculture. The paper argues that the seed production, which was once in the hands of farming communities, has become industrialized with the advent of hybrid seeds. The hybrid seed production, based on phenotypic knowledge of the plants, marks the first phase of the industrialization of seed and the genetically modified seed, based on genotypic knowledge of the plants, marks the beginning of another phase in the industrialization of seed production. This paper draws attention to controversies over genetically modified seed based on economic, social, environmental considerations. This paper also discusses the implications of these developments and the changes in the institutional arrangements that govern the production and use of the seed, as these developments have profound implications for Indian agriculture and agrarian relations.


2020 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 91-97
Author(s):  
Michal Hanák ◽  
Katarína Ižová ◽  
Kateřina Bočková

: The presented paper deals with the mutual cooperation of secondary vocational schools and enterprises within the framework of the dual education system, respectively of the social partnership in the conditions of Czech Republic and Slovakia. It has a theoretically - empirical character. In the theoretical part we focused on defining the terms we work with and the empirical part focuses on the questionnaire survey, in which we find out the views of pupils, teachers and enterprise representatives on the real possibilities and possible benefits of cooperation between schools and business sector. In the framework of the questionnaire survey we focused on the Zlín region in the Czech Republic and the Žilina region in Slovakia, while the selection of the area was random. Using two self-designed questionnaires, we found out what pupils, teachers and enterprise representatives consider to be beneficial for the cooperation and what is necessary to be improved. Based on the findings, we have drawn conclusions and suggested measures to improve the current situation. We found that the social partnership in the Czech Republic is at a higher level and more secondary vocational schools are involved than the dual education system in Slovakia.


Author(s):  
Kiran Jha

Indians came to the Caribbean under the system of indenture to augment the labour shortage in the plantations around the middle of the nineteenth century. Rather than returning after the contractual period, many Indians stayed on, accepting the Caribbean as their new found home. Thus began a symbiotic relationship of the Indian culture with the Caribbean society in the new habitat. This paper outlines the lives of the overseas Indians with reference to aspects of marriage, including the selection of spouses, different kinds of marriage and its dissolution. The paper also discusses the institution of family and its internal mechanisms in terms of patterns of authority, inheritance, conflicts, the position of women and the system of kinship. The overseas Indians moved from tradition to modernity, and from custom to legality. There was also resistance to change and deviations as some values struggled to be reinforced, while others were discarded. On the whole, kinship relations remained of vital importance for the sake of mutual cooperation and social intercourse in a foreign land. Interpersonal relations helped to regulate and standardize behaviour. In providing these accounts, this paper seeks to portray the persistence and change of traditional Indian social intuitions and customs among the overseas community in the Caribbean.


2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roopam Shukla ◽  
Ankit Agarwal ◽  
Christoph Gornott ◽  
Kamna Sachdeva ◽  
P. K. Joshi

AbstractSmallholder farmers’ responses to the climate-induced agricultural changes are not uniform but rather diverse, as response adaptation strategies are embedded in the heterogonous agronomic, social, economic, and institutional conditions. There is an urgent need to understand the diversity within the farming households, identify the main drivers and understand its relationship with household adaptation strategies. Typology construction provides an efficient method to understand farmer diversity by delineating groups with common characteristics. In the present study, based in the Uttarakhand state of Indian Western Himalayas, five farmer types were identified on the basis of resource endowment and agriculture orientation characteristics. Factor analysis followed by sequential agglomerative hierarchial and K-means clustering was use to delineate farmer types. Examination of adaptation strategies across the identified farmer types revealed that mostly contrasting and type-specific bundle of strategies are adopted by farmers to ensure livelihood security. Our findings show that strategies that incurred high investment, such as infrastructural development, are limited to high resource-endowed farmers. In contrast, the low resourced farmers reported being progressively disengaging with farming as a livelihood option. Our results suggest that the proponents of effective adaptation policies in the Himalayan region need to be cognizant of the nuances within the farming communities to capture the diverse and multiple adaptation needs and constraints of the farming households.


2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2807 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akua S. Akuffo ◽  
Kwamena K. Quagrainie

The Government of Ghana and international NGOs have been encouraging the adoption of fish farming to alleviate poverty and food insecurity through training workshops, financial contributions and creation of a fisheries ministry. Nevertheless, there is no study on how these efforts have influenced the household’s welfare, particularly their nutritional quality. Based on this, our objective is to identify the ways through which fish farming impacts the household’s nutritional quality. We hypothesize that engaging in fish farming will increase steady income flow and access to fish for the household’s direct consumption. We adopted the Propensity Score Matching (PSM) approach in a logit framework to achieve this objective and address the endogeneity from the bias of self -selection by creating a statistically similar-looking control group. The results suggest that fish farming households have higher nutritional quality and frequency of food consumed than the non-fish farming households through direct consumption. The probability of adopting fish farming increases with wealth, location, ecological zone and household size but decreases with household income per capita. The average effect of adopting fish farming on household nutritional quality is 15.5 Food Consumption Score points. Policies that encourage women to engage in not only fish processing, but production as well are advised.


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