scholarly journals The constitutional view

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
Roberto Horácio Sá Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
The Subject

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1808-1711.2016v20n2p165 This brief paper is devoted to criticizing the widespread reading of Kant’s first Critique, according to which reference to subject-independent objects is “constituted” by higherorder cognitive abilities (concepts). Let us call this the “constitutional view”. In this paper, I argue that the constitutional reading confuses the un-Kantian problem of how we come to represent objects (which I call the intentionality thesis), with the quite different problem of how we cognize (erkennen) (which I call the “cognition thesis”) that we do represent objects, that is, things that exist independently of the subject.

scholarly journals Integrative and Complementary Health Practices Building a New Health Paradigm

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
T Gemeli ◽  
H Silva ◽  
M Kato
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Universal Access ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Professional Service ◽  
Health It ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject ◽  
New Perspective

Abstract This work arose from the need to broaden the therapeutic approach and offer a differentiated health intervention proposal based on the understanding that the illness process has repercussions on all integrated systems of Being. Since 2019, the Health Center for the Elderly in Blumenau (SC-Brasil), specialized multi-professional service, offering support for biopsychoenergetic transformation with the practice of Yoga and Meditation, through a holistic and comprehensive view of health. It begins with the Multidimensional Assessment of the Elderly, with a guideline in welcoming and qualified listening, which considers the subject and all subjectivity. From there, the expanded diagnosis and the Singular Therapeutic Project are built and the consultations with the team and the 'Re-Conhecer group' begin. The activity is weekly, aimed at the elderly and their family, takes place in an appropriate place and lasts two hours. Welcoming, pranayama, mantras, kriyas and meditation are made, as well as reflections on free themes. The professionals who conduct the practice are the dentist, trained in yoga, and the social worker, the welcoming process continues individually after the activity. Due to subjectivity, results are routinely collected in a qualitative way from the participants' report. There is a perception on the part of the participants, therapists and members of the multidisciplinary team that this work provides improvement in cognitive abilities, self-care, well-being, self-confidence, creativity, improved sleep, autonomy, balance, strengthening bonds, joy, vitality. Key messages This initiative builds new models of health care, transcending the traditional biomedical model, according to the operational guideline for comprehensiveness, universal access and equity. Provokes reflections and builds a new perspective of life with quality and participation of the elderly as subjects of their health.

scholarly journals PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN KOGNITIF ANAK MELALUI PENERAPAN METODE EKSPERIMEN DALAM PEMBELAJARAN SAINS PADA ANAK

Edukid ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Intan Martha Fidiyani ◽  
Ali Nugraha ◽  
Rita Mariyana
Keyword(s):  
Child Development ◽  
Experimental Method ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Mastery Learning ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Group B ◽  
Research Action ◽  
Academic Year

Abstract :  Improved Child cognitive ability through application of Experimental Methods in Learning Science Kids ON. Purpose Of Research Singer is implementing the Learning WITH using experimental method / Attempted to review improve cognitive abilities Children in kindergarten. Kartini Village Jatitengah Jatitujuh District of Majalengka. Used operates Namely Research Action Research (PTK) that includes cognitive development Namely ASPECTS OF ASSESSMENT 1). Know And Mixing Colors, 2). Know the Cause and Effect Occurrence Rain, 3). Know the Differences Rough and Smooth, 4). Imitating the Pattern, 5). Develop Pieces of Puzzle. The subject of research is the Son of group B TK. Kartini Village Jatitengah Jatitujuh District of Majalengka in the academic year 2014-2015 That amounts to 39 Children. Based on the findings that the application of the experimental method, observation / experiment to improve cognitive abilities Children's review showed Developments That Are Very Good. It Singer visible from EVERY improvement cycle, including CYCLE I 18.97% Children Not Evolve (BB) 72.82 Children From Growing (MB), 8.20% Emerging accordance Hope Kids, Kids and 0% Emerging Very Good (BSB ). TIN average value of 1.9 and mastery learning reached 47.24%. THE CYCLE II increased 1.54% including Son Not Yet Evolving (BB), 41.74% Start Child Development (MB), 41.54% Emerging accordance Children Hope (BSH), 11.28% Children Growing Very Good ( BSB) The value of the average TIN mastery learning by 2.56 and reached 64.49% and the ON CYCLE III Namely increased The Very encouraging Ie 0% Children Not Evolve (BB), 0.51% Start Child Development (MB) 46.67% Emerging accordance Children Hope (BSH) and 52.82% of Children growing Very Good (BSB) averaged TIN value of 3.5 and mastery learning reached 87.44%. Based on the research findings of CAN concluded that the application of the experimental method CAN improve cognitive abilities of the Child. Recommendations Of Research Singer is professor CAN hearts experimental method using learning activities in kindergarten.Abstrak: Peningkatan Kemampuan Kognitif Anak Melalui Penerapan Metode Eksperimen Dalam Pembelajaran Sains Pada Anak. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah melaksanakan pembelajaran dengan menggunakan metode eksperimen/percobaan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan kognitif anak di TK. Kartini Desa Jatitengah Kecamatan Jatitujuh Kabupaten Majalengka. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yaitu Peneletian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) yang mencakup aspek penilaian pengembangan kognitif yaitu 1). Mengenal dan Mencampur Warna, 2). Mengenal Sebab Akibat Terjadinya Hujan, 3). Mengenal Perbedaan Kasar dan Halus, 4). Meniru Pola, 5). Menyusun Kepingan Puzzle. Adapun subjek penelitian adalah anak kelompok B TK. Kartini Desa Jatitengah Kecamatan Jatitujuh Kabupaten Majalengka tahun pelajaran 2014-2015 yang berjumlah 39 anak. Berdasarkan hasil  observasi bahwa penerapan metode eksperimen/percobaan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan kognitif anak menunjukan perkembangan yang sangat baik. Hal ini terlihat dari peningkatan setiap siklusnya, diantaranya siklus I 18,97%  anak Belum Berkembang (BB), 72,82 anak Mulai Berkembang (MB), 8,20% anak Berkembang Sesuai Harapan, dan 0% anak Berkembang Sangat Baik (BSB). nilai rata-ratanya diperoleh sebesar 1,9 dan ketuntasan belajarnya mencapai 47,24%. Pada siklus II mengalami peningkatan diantaranya 1,54% anak yang Belum Berkembang (BB), 41,74% anak Mulai Berkembang (MB), 41,54% anak Berkembang Sesuai Harapan (BSH), 11,28% anak Berkembang Sangat Baik (BSB)  nilai rata-ratanya diperoleh sebesar 2,56 dan ketuntasan belajarnya mencapai 64,49% dan pada siklus III yaitu mengalami peningkatan yang sangat  mengembirakan yaitu 0% anak Belum Berkembang (BB), 0,51% anak mulai Berkembang (MB), 46,67% anak Berkembang Sesuai Harapan (BSH) dan 52,82% anak yang Berkembang Sangat Baik (BSB)  nilai rata-ratanya diperoleh sebesar 3,5 dan ketuntasan belajarnya mencapai 87,44%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan metode eksperimen dapat meningkatkan kemampuan kognitif anak. Rekomendasi dari penelitian ini adalah guru dapat menggunakan metode eksperimen dalam kegiatan pembelajaran di TK.

The theory of nationally oriented education: on goals and principles

2020 ◽  
pp. 94-108
Author(s):  
Lyubov Valerievna Cheremoshkina
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
Training And Development ◽  
Socially Responsible ◽  
Responsible Behavior ◽  
Public Consciousness ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Education Training ◽  
Education And Development ◽  
Individual Strategies

The article discusses the need for nationally oriented education in the unity of the processes of education, training and personal development. The relevance of the parameters of educational results most desirable for the security of Russia and the preservation of the nation is emphasized. The theory of nationally oriented education with the necessary necessity presupposes a methodology of education, training and development of a morally and patriotically mature personality, ready for socially responsible behavior and constructive activity. The theory of nationally oriented education should include: the concept of a new didactics; the concept of education in conditions of a radically changed being layer of life of children and adults; the concept of the development of intelligence as a systemic interaction of cognitive abilities and a representative picture of the world. In the prevailing geopolitical, socio-cultural and socio-economic conditions, a nationally oriented education should be a state and personally significant basis for the formation of individual and public consciousness. The goals and principles of the organization of education should be methodologically consistent. The principle of variability can be one of the central in solving the problems of education and development, but it requires the necessary restrictions in the dissemination of individual strategies for the assimilation of knowledge and their diversity. The theory of nationally oriented education should be based on the primacy of content and the need for a unified foundation of the educational space, but without the limitations of an in-depth or expanded study of the subject with the use of additional literature.

«Quanta» Language Consciousness and Problems in the Functioning of the Communicative Norms

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-30
Author(s):  
Татьяна Черкашина ◽  
Tatiana Cherkashina ◽  
Н. Новикова ◽  
N. Novikova ◽  
О. Трубина ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Cultural Phenomenon ◽  
Globalizing World ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The article considers the conceptualization of the world from the point of view of its methodological paradigm assessment in the context of the globalizing world. A retrospective analysis of the relationship between language and human speech activity is given. The authors explain the role of language as a socio-cultural phenomenon in the formation of worldview systems that develop in the consciousness with the help of minimal units of human experience in their ideal meaningful representation in special concepts, which allows the individual to think within the boundaries of a certain linguistic picture of the world. Analyzes the problems of the functioning of communicative norms with regard to the hierarchy of the spiritual representations of the world. The article attempts to consider the impact of the “blurring” of the information boundaries of the globalizing world on the cognitive abilities of the individual in the nomination, qualification of the subject, phenomenon, process.

scholarly journals Moodle System One of the Way to Monitoring Competence of Future Teachers of Music Art

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 439-449
Author(s):  
Olha Churikova-Kushnir ◽  
Zoya Sofronii ◽  
Vadym Lisovyi ◽  
Heorhii Postevka ◽  
Liliya Niemtsova
Keyword(s):  
Distance Learning ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Musical Instrument ◽  
Music Teacher ◽  
Instrumental Performance ◽  
Future Teachers ◽  
Learner Performance ◽  
Educational Experiment ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Control

The article are given the scientific and methodological conditions for the production and progress of distance learning courses for future teachers of music through the competencebased, system, action approaches. The author identifies the components that are formed on the basis of the content of the course are and portion of the structure of the competence hierarchy of future music teacher. Materials of research are founded on the experience of education in the course of distance learning of Basic Musical Instrument (piano). The study considers the principal components of development and design of a distance learning course, including theoretical, practical, individual work, and control. The author grounds the specifics methods of distance learning for future teachers of music, in specific their instrumental training and the effectiveness of this training, differentiating the following main methods: of collecting information and using technologies of communication , such us multimedia and method of project . The criteria for control of information and skills were developed. The research was portion of educational experiment involving 52 bachelor students, Music Specialization. According to the results of the study, the study of the subject Basic Musical Instrument (Piano) using the Moodle learning environment contains a number of advantages, which are primarily manifested in higher assessment results of students’ learning. The motivational, musical instrumental and cognitive abilities of these students were approximately 10% higher than students who studied according to traditional methods. The opinion characterize the results of implementation and effectiveness of experimental study on the use of distance learning courses for the progressof instrumental performance competence of future teachers of music. The influence of different methods of distance learning on learner performance is also determined

scholarly journals Computer games and creativity: the positive aspects and negative trends

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 29-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.V. Bogacheva ◽  
A.E. Voiskounsky
Keyword(s):  
Video Games ◽  
Video Game ◽  
Computer Games ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Visual Information ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Game Playing ◽  
Video Game Playing ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Impact

The article is aimed at analysis of current studies of the link between video games experience and creativity. The impact of video game playing on the psychological specificity of gamers has repeatedly become a subject of many studies, though higher-level cognitive abilities, such as creativity, were rarely the subject of interest, remaining unexplored in the context of video games. Contrary to the earlier predictions that the increased amount of «readymade» visual information will reduce the imaginative ability, most of the current works show positive links between some types of creativity (in particular — visual) and playing video games. The latter becomes not only a source of inspiration but also a platform for creative realization. Many authors draw attention to possible negative aspects of creativity, in particular, the possibility of its antisocial applications. In this regard, the importance of studying the aggressiveness and empathy of computer players is increasing but the research data in this area is particularly contradictory.

scholarly journals Delayed gratification in New Caledonian crows and young children: influence of reward type and visibility

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachael Miller ◽  
Anna Frohnwieser ◽  
Martina Schiestl ◽  
Dakota E. McCoy ◽  
Russell D. Gray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Delay Of Gratification ◽  
Comparative Investigation ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Primate Species ◽  
Delayed Gratification ◽  
New Caledonian Crows ◽  
Species Comparisons ◽  
The Subject

Abstract Self-control underlies cognitive abilities such as decision making and future planning. Delay of gratification is a measure of self-control and involves obtaining a more valuable outcome in the future by tolerating a delay or investing a greater effort in the present. Contextual issues, such as reward visibility and type, may influence delayed gratification performance, although there has been limited comparative investigation between humans and other animals, particularly non-primate species. Here, we adapted an automated ‘rotating tray’ paradigm used previously with capuchin monkeys to test for delay of gratification ability that requires little pre-test training, where the subject must forgo an immediate, less preferred reward for a delayed, more preferred one. We tested New Caledonian crows and 3–5-year-old human children. We manipulated reward types to differ in quality or quantity (Experiments 1 and 2) as well as visibility (Experiment 2). In Experiments 1 and 2, both species performed better when the rewards varied in quality as opposed to quantity, though performed above chance in both conditions. In Experiment 1, both crows and children were able to delay gratification when both rewards were visible. In Experiment 2, 5-year-old children outperformed 3- and 4-year olds, though overall children still performed well, while the crows struggled when reward visibility was manipulated, a result which may relate to difficulties in tracking the experimenters’ hands during baiting. We discuss these findings in relation to the role of contextual issues on self-control when making species comparisons and investigating the mechanisms of self-control.

scholarly journals Permainan Tradisional Betawi untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Kognitif Siswa di TK Mutiara

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-96
Author(s):  
Ahmad Syaikhu ◽  
Ahmad Durul Napis
Keyword(s):  
Action Research ◽  
Cognitive Ability ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Class Action ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Observation Instruments ◽  
Field Notes ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Traditional Game

This research aims to obtain data on improving cognitive abilities through Betawi’s traditional game activities through song. The study was conducted at TK Mutiara Duri Kosambi Cengkareng, West Jakarta and the subject of this research is TK Mutiara B Group children. This study used a class action research method which was carried out with two cycles. Data is obtained from observation instruments, documentary studies and field notes. Observation of pre-cycle measures obtained an average of 53.95%. In cycle 1 the average results of observations 71,042%. Then in the second cycle cognitive ability has increased 18.53%, with an average yield of 89.58%. The results of research conducted at TK Mutiara show that Betawi traditional game activities through song can improve cognitive development of young children. The implications of this study suggest that teachers should implement learning by maximizing play activities. The teacher is also encouraged to be more careful in planning and implementing learning so as to achieve the goals set.

scholarly journals Animal Cognition in an Urbanised World

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria E. Lee ◽  
Alex Thornton
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Animal Cognition ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Individual Personality ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Evolutionary Consequences ◽  
Do So

Explaining how animals respond to an increasingly urbanised world is a major challenge for evolutionary biologists. Urban environments often present animals with novel problems that differ from those encountered in their evolutionary past. To navigate these rapidly changing habitats successfully, animals may need to adjust their behaviour flexibly over relatively short timescales. These behavioural changes, in turn, may be facilitated by an ability to acquire, store, and process information from the environment. The question of how cognitive abilities allow animals to avoid threats and exploit resources (or constrain their ability to do so) is attracting increasing research interest, with a growing number of studies investigating cognitive and behavioural differences between urban-dwelling animals and their non-urban counterparts. In this review we consider why such differences might arise, focusing on the informational challenges faced by animals living in urban environments, and how different cognitive abilities can assist in overcoming these challenges. We focus largely on birds, as avian taxa have been the subject of most research to date, but discuss work in other species where relevant. We also address the potential consequences of cognitive variation at the individual and species level. For instance, do urban environments select for, or influence the development of, particular cognitive abilities? Are individuals or species with particular cognitive phenotypes more likely to become established in urban habitats? How do other factors, such as social behaviour and individual personality, interact with cognition to influence behaviour in urban environments? The aim of this review is to synthesise current knowledge and identify key avenues for future research, in order to improve our understanding of the ecological and evolutionary consequences of urbanisation.

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