SOCIAL BEHAVIOR OF EARLY CHILDREN IN THE NUSUKAN RAILWAY ENVIRONMENT, SURAKARTA

Children's social development is how early childhood interacts with peers, adults, and the broader community to adapt. Parents and the environments are figures or models closest to children and become role models for children. This study aimed to determine children's social behavior and the role of the environment on the social behavior of children aged 5-6 years in the Nusukan Surakarta railway environment. This type of research uses descriptive qualitative methods—sampling using a purposive sampling technique. The data analysis technique used the Milles and Huberman model with three stages: data reduction, presentation, and conclusion. The results show that children's social behavior in the Nusukan railway area tends to be active, but some behaviors still need guidance so that children have good social behavior. It is inseparable from family environmental factors, both parents, siblings, peers, or other adults through their environment. Child development is strongly influenced by treatment or parental guidance for children in recognizing various aspects of social life or norms of social life. Social behavior is closely related to children's behavior in adjusting to the rules of society in the surrounding environment. Children obtain social behavior through maturity and learning opportunities from various stimuli provided by their environment.

ANDROID-BASED LEARNING MEDIA DESIGN FOR INTRODUCTION TO SUNDA CULTURE FOR EARLY CHILDREN

This research aims to develop android-based learning media which aims to make children know Sundanese culture in a more effective, fun, and innovative way to introduce culture from an early age and can help the role of teachers or parents in educating and providing knowledge to children -children outside the school environment in a fun way. This research uses the Design Based Research (DBR) method for the Sunda Exploration Learning Media by carrying out four steps, namely the identification and problem analysis steps by researchers and practitioners collaboratively, developing a prototype solution based on theoretical benchmarks, existing design principles and technological innovations, conducting iterative process to test and improve practical solutions, reflections to produce design principles and improve implementation of practical solutions, Sundanese Exploration Learning Media can be used in learning with cultural themes. This media was developed based on the 2013 PAUD curriculum and adapted to the needs in the field regarding the fulfillment of Sundanese cultural learning. Based on the entire research process that has been carried out, the product designed by the researcher can be applied to early childhood education learning. In addition, the product can also be easily applied by teachers and parents, because this media is presented complete with a user guide ebook that describes the explanation and how to use it. Android-based learning media is the most effective media that can be one of early childhood learning in learning something. This learning media can be used by parents and schools, schools can use this application as additional learning and parents can use this application at home or anywhere.

“MY FIRST SEXUAL KNOWLEDGE” VIDEO-ANIMATION-BASED FOR THE PROTECTION OF CHILDREN AGED 4-6 YEARS FROM SEXUAL VIOLENCE

The purpose of this research is to develop media “my first sexual knowledge" based on animated videos for the protection of children from sexual violence aged 4-6 years. The research method carried out by the researcher is the method research and Development. The development used is qualitative and quantitative according to the model ADDIE which consists of four components: Analysis, Design, Development or Production, Implementation or Delivery and Evaluations. This video has been validated by media experts with the final assessment results of 98.75% and 97.58%. Besides being validated by media experts and material experts, this video has also been tested on a small scale on 16 children accompanied by parents with the results of 85.03% and 90.20% has been tested on a large scale on 34 children accompanied by parents. small and large scale trials are categorized as very good. Based on the results of research that has been carried out, the video my first sexual knowledge is a reference for educators and parents to provide education to children so that they are protected from acts of sexual violence.

PLAYING ORIGAMI DAN ITS IMPACT ON FINE MOTOR SKILLS DEVELOPMENT OF CHILDREN AGED 4-5

This study aims to determine the effect of origami activities on the fine motor skills of children aged 4-5 years. This research is using an experimental design. This research was conducted in the CABI Tanggamus learning group, which was conducted on fifteen children using a one-group pre-test post-test design. Data collection techniques used in this study are observation and documentation. In this study, the pre-test results of children's motor skills were included in the Starting to Develop (MB) category, meaning the child obtained an average score of 26 from a maximum score of 72. After the treatment, fine motor skills were included in Developing as Expected (BSH). The results obtained after treatment showed a score of 58 from a maximum score of 72. The results of this study can be concluded that origami play activities can affect the fine motor skills of early childhood, which means that origami games provide changes in children's fine motor development. Based on the results of the study, the researcher recommends origami games to improve fine motor skills.

IMPROVING CHILDREN'S CREATIVITY THROUGH ENVIRONMENTAL EXPLORATION ACTIVITIES

This study aimed to increase children's creativity by exploring the natural surroundings of group A children at TK Tunas Dansari Dosay, Jayapura Regency. The subjects of this study were 15 children. This research is a classroom action research method using the action model from Kemmis and Mc Taggart. Data collecting was observation and documentation—data analysis using qualitative descriptive analysis. The results showed an increase in the creativity of group A children in TK Tunas Dansari Dosay. The research data showed that before the action, the average group value was 45.55%. After being given action cycle I, the average result was 55.55%; action II amounted to 63.33% and increased in action III 67.22%. In cycle II, an action I increased to 71.67%, action II increased to 75.55%, and action III increased to 81.10%. Based on these data, exploring the surrounding nature can increase the creativity of group A children at TK Tunas Dansari Dosay, Jayapura Regency.

SMALL EFFORT, BIG RESULTS: THROWING AND CATCHING ACTIVITIES USING PLASTIC BALL TO FOSTER CHILD'S KINESTHETIC ABILITY

The purpose of this study was to improve the kinesthetic ability of group A, Ria Pembangunan Kindergarten, Sentani, Jayapura through a throwing-catching game using the small plastic ball. This research uses the action research method. Participants were collected using purposive sampling by involving 12 children in group A. Kinesthetic ability is one aspect that plays an essential role in child development. In the first cycle, the results showed that the child's kinesthetic ability reached 49.30%, including throwing with one hand over the shoulder, reaching 45.83%, throwing with one hand below 52.08%, and catching the ball 50%. As for the second cycle, it increased to 82.64%, including throwing with one hand over the shoulder, reaching 81.22%, throwing with one hand below, reaching 85.42%, and the aspect of catching the ball reaches 83.33%. Thus, the results showed that throwing-catching games using small plastic balls could improve the kinesthetic ability of group A at Ria Pembangunan Sentani Kindergarten, Jayapura Regency, Papua.

HOW ACTIVE PLAY FACILITIES FOSTER PHYSICAL LITERACY ON 5-6 YEARS OLD CHILDREN? LESSON FROM JAMBI, INDONESIA

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the availability of active playing facilities on the physical literacy of children aged 5-6 years who are currently undergoing education at ECE (Early Childhood Education) centers in three sub-districts of Jambi City, Jambi Province. This study uses a comparative quantitative approach with ex-post facto techniques. The samples were determined using a convenience sampling technique involving 100 children in five PAUD institutions. Data collection was carried out through direct observation with data analysis using the F test and Tukey test. The results showed that there were differences in the level of physical literacy between groups of children in institutions with the availability of complete active play facilities compared to groups of children in institutions with incomplete availability of active play facilities.

FATHER'S INVOLVEMENT IN PARENTING CHILDREN WITH CEREBRAL PALSY

Cerebral palsy children need special treatment from their parents. The optimal caring from father has a significant influence on the development of children with cerebral palsy. This study aims to explore the role of fathers in caring for children with cerebral palsy. This research uses a qualitative approach. This study uses semi-structured interviews with fathers who have children with cerebral palsy. The results of this study found that fathers play an active role in childcare. Fathers help build good relationships with children by inviting them to play, sing, and read a child's favourite storybook. Even though he is busy at work, the father always tries to fulfil the children's needs such as bathing, eating, giving medication, changing diapers and routine therapy. Each participant in this study had their parenting challenges. Although sometimes the participants feel unwilling to do therapy on children, what makes them enthusiastic is their high expectations.

KAK AWAM’S STORYTELLING STRATEGY IN DELIVERING MORAL VALUES FOR CHILDREN

Storytelling is an exciting learning method that teachers can practice in learning activities. This study investigates the Kak Awam strategies in conducting storytelling to develop moral values in preschool children. This research uses descriptive qualitative. Data were collected by interview, observation, document analysis and video recording. The collected data were analyzed using Miles Huberman analysis, consisting of several stages: data collection, data reduction, data presentation and verification or conclusion. This study explains the storytelling strategies conducted by Kak Awam in delivering moral values can be implemented in learning activities at school.

FOSTERING PROSOCIAL BEHAVIOURS OF EARLY CHILDHOOD THROUGH GROUP GUIDANCE WITH A CLIENT CENTERED THERAPY APPROACH

This study aims to see how group guidance with a client-centred therapy approach in early childhood improves prosocial behaviour. This study uses library research method. Data analysis in this study used a narrative synthesis analysis. The results of this study indicate that prosocial behaviour is behaviour that is displayed when interacting with other people where children spontaneously help others. Prosocial behaviour is displayed by early childhood to the friends, parents, teachers and the surrounding community. Group guidance with a client-centred therapy approach provides counselling techniques to make early childhood become individuals who can understand their potential and actualize their social relationships. In the implementation of group guidance, early childhood will interact and communicate with each other; the counsellor can ask them to practice these prosocial behaviours. Either by answering questions if (...) then (...) or by telling how he should act when faced with a situation that requires displaying this prosocial behaviour.