scholarly journals Performance characteristics and meat quality assessment of guinea fowl fed varied levels of dietary protein

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 135-142
Author(s):  
T. A. Rafiu ◽  
O. I. Adetutu ◽  
F. A. Adesoye ◽  
O. J. Adeniji ◽  
E. O. Oluwafemi
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Guinea Fowl ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Nutrient Analysis ◽  
University Of Technology ◽  
Final Weight

Guinea fowl appears to be a promising poultry meat source but its production strength under most common extensive or semi-intensive impair the potentials, this work therefore was done to investigate the dietary protein requirement of 10 weeks old Guinea fowl fed exclusively with compounded feed under intensive system. It was conducted at the poultry unit of Teaching and Research Farm unit of Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso  and lasted for a period of 16 weeks. A total number of 120 growing guinea fowl birds were used for the experiment; they were equally and randomly distributed to four dietary treatments of three replicates per group with ten birds per replicate, they were randomly allocated to diets 1, 2, 3 and 4 which contained 16%, 18%, 20% and 22% crude protein respectively. Weekly weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio were monitored. At the end of 15 weeks, two birds per replicate were randomly picked, housed in metabolic cage and their feacal samples were collected for nutrient analysis and digestibility study, blood samples were collected from same sampled birds for hematological characteristics, so also their meat samples for meat quality analysis. Highest final weight (1555.99g) was recorded from 18% followed by 20% (1517.55g) while the least final weight was recorded from 22% (1482.72g). The highest and least daily feed intake was recorded from 22%(99.53g) and 16% (86.37g) respectively. There were significant (P<0.05) differences in the birds' nutrient 3 3 digestibility except for ash. Significantly (P<0.05) high value of WBC (19.53 xl0 /mm ) was 3 3 3 3 3 3 observed in 20% compared to 16.98 xl0 /mm , 12.65 xl0 /mm , 10.83 xl0 /mm from 16%, 18%, 22% respectively, while the differential counts (%) of monocytes, lymphocytes, heterophil, basophil obtained were not significantly (P>0.05) influenced. Crude protein content of the thigh and breast muscle increased (P<0.05) while the crude fat decreased with increased dietary protein while no significant (P>0.05) difference was observed in the values recorded for ash. Hence for better performance, 18% dietary protein should be fed considerably in the diet of growing guinea fowl.     La volaille de Guinée semble être une source de viande de volaille prometteuse, mais sa résistance à la production sous tension étendue ou semi-intensif la plus fréquentée les potentiels, ce travail a donc été fait pour enquêter sur l'exigence de protéines alimentaires de 10 semaines de de poule de Guinée nourri exclusivement avec des aliments intensifs système. Elle a été réalisée à l'unité avicole de l'unité Ferme d'enseignement et de recherche de Ladoke Akintola, University of Technology Ogbomoso et a duré une période de 16 semaines. Un nombre total de 120 oiseaux à croissance de Guinée de croissance ont été utilisés pour l'expérience; Ils étaient également distribués de manière aléatoire et aléatoirement à quatre traitements diététiques de trois répliquant par groupe avec dix oiseaux par réplication, ils ont été alloués de manière aléatoire aux régimes 1, 2, 3 et 4 qui contenaient respectivement 16%, 18%, 20% et 22% de protéines brutes de brut respectivement . Le gain de poids hebdomadaire, l'apport d'alimentation et le rapport de conversion d'alimentation ont été surveillés. À la fin de 15 semaines, deux oiseaux par réplication ont été cueillis au hasard, hébergés dans une cage métabolique et leurs échantillons fantascaux ont été collectés pour l'analyse des éléments nutritifs et l'étude de digestibilité, des échantillons de sang ont été collectés à partir de mêmes oiseaux échantillonnés pour les caractéristiques hématologiques, ainsi que leurs échantillons de viande pour Analyse de la qualité de la viande. Le poids final le plus élevé (1555,99 g) a été enregistré de 18% suivi de 20% (1517,55g) tandis que le poids le moins final a été enregistré de 22% (1482,72 g). L'apport alimentaire le plus élevé et le moins quotidien a été comptabilisé de 22% (99.53 g) et de 16% (86,37 g) respectivement. Il y avait des différences significatives (p <0,05) dans la digestibilité des nutriments des oiseaux, à l'exception des cendres. Significativement (p <0,05) haute valeur de WBC (19,53 xl03 / mm3) a été observée dans 20% par rapport à 16,98 xl03 / mm3, 12,65 xl03 / mm3, 10,83 xl03 / mm3 de 16%, 18%, 22% respectivement, tandis que la Les comptes différentiels (%) des monocytes, des lymphocytes, hétérophiles, basophile obtenus n'étaient pas significativement (p> 0,05) influencés. La teneur en protéines brut de la cuisse et du muscle du sein a augmenté (p <0,05) tandis que la graisse brute a diminué avec une protéine alimentaire accrue, sans aucune différence significative (p> 0,05) n'a été observée dans les valeurs enregistrées pour les cendres. Par conséquent, pour une meilleure performance, une protéine diététique de 18% devrait être considérablement nourrie dans le nrégime alimentaire de la grosseur de la poule en guinée.

scholarly journals Effect of Dietary Crude Protein on Animal Performance, Blood Biochemistry Profile, Ruminal Fermentation Parameters and Carcass and Meat Quality of Heavy Fattening Assaf Lambs

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2177
Author(s):  
Cristina Saro ◽  
Javier Mateo ◽  
Irma Caro ◽  
Diego Eloy Carballo ◽  
Miguel Fernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Animal Performance ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Acid Base Status

Thirty Assaf male lambs (30 ± 1.9 kg of body weight) were allocated to three groups fed diets differing in their crude protein (CP) contents (low protein (LP), 134 g CP/kg dry matter (DM); medium protein (MP), 157 g CP/kg DM; and high protein (HP), 173 g CP/kg DM) to test the effect of dietary protein content on animal performance, rumen function, animal health, and carcass and meat quality. Feed intake was recorded daily, and animals were weighed every second week. Lambs were blood-sampled to determine their acid–base status and biochemical profile. After 70 days of trial, lambs were slaughtered, and the ruminal content was collected to assess ruminal fermentation. Finally, carcass and meat quality were evaluated. Dry matter intake and average daily gain increased (p < 0.05) when increasing the level of dietary CP. There were not significant differences (p > 0.05) in the evaluated parameters in the rumen fluid of lambs. There were not significant differences in carcass or meat quality (p > 0.05) and in those parameters related to blood acid–base status. Several biochemical parameters showed differences depending on diet CP level (urea, protein, albumin, glucose, and calcium; p < 0.05). Feeding costs calculated in relation to cold carcass weight decreased when dietary CP decreased. The results suggested that a dietary protein content greater than 157 g/kg DM would be required to maximize growth performance in Assaf male fattening lambs under 50 kg of body weight. However, a protein content beyond that level was not found to improve either carcass or meat quality and could worsen profitability.

scholarly journals A Multicarbohydrase and Phytase Complex Is Able to Compensate a Nutrient-Deficiency in Growing-Finishing Pigs

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1129
Author(s):  
Ya-Kuan Huang ◽  
Ling Zhao ◽  
Hua Sun ◽  
Xue-Mei Xu ◽  
Jlali Maamer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Finishing Pigs

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of supplementing a corn-wheat-soybean meal-based diet with a multicarbohydrase and phytase complex (MCPC) on growth performance, apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of nutrients, carcass traits, and meat quality in growing-finishing pigs. A total of 300 pigs (Duroc × Large White × Landrace; body weight = 25.3 ± 0.7 kg) were randomly allotted to three groups with 10 replicates of 10 pigs each. Pigs from three groups were fed positive control (PC) or negative control (NC), without or with MCPC diets, respectively. The MCPC supplied at least 1800, 1244, 6600, and 1000 units of xylanase, β-glucanase, α-arabinofuranosidase, and phytase per kilogram of diet, respectively. The NC diet was the PC diet but reduced in net energy (NE), digestible amino acids (dig. AA), digestible P (dig. P), and Ca by 74 kcal/kg, 7.0%, 0.134, and 0.119 percentage points, respectively. The diets were fed in 4 growth phases based on body weight (BW): phase 1: 25–50 kg, phase 2: 50–75 kg, phase 3: 75–100 kg, and phase 4: 100–135 kg. Compared to the PC, the NC diet decreased (p < 0.05) body weight gain, feed intake, and(or) feed to gain ratio during the growing/finishing phases 1, 2, 3, and 4. It also reduced (p < 0.05) the ATTD of crude protein, crude fat, P, and Ca of pigs. MCPC supplementation improved (p < 0.05) the body weight gain, feed intake, and(or) feed to gain ratio in phases 2, 3, and 4 and the ATTD of crude protein, crude fat, ash, P, and Ca for the NC diet. Additionally, dietary treatment had no effects on carcass traits and meat quality with the exception that the loin eye area in the NC plus MCPC diet was higher (p < 0.05) than the NC diet. In conclusion, the addition of MCPC to a corn-soybean meal-wheat-based diet reduced in energy and nutrients improved the growth performance and nutrient digestibility but had little effect on carcass traits and meat quality in growing-finishing pigs.

scholarly journals Effect of graded levels of raw roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) seed meal on performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality traits of broiler chicken

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 144-150
Author(s):  
A. O. Owosibo ◽  
I. A. Okere ◽  
G. A. Adedokun
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Cooking Loss ◽  
Seed Meal ◽  
Hibiscus Sabdariffa ◽  
Overall Acceptability ◽  
Final Weight ◽  
Inclusion Level

Means of reducing the rising cost of feed resources in livestock production is a concern in the poultry industry in Nigeria.The study was carried out to investigate the effect of graded level of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) seed meal on performance traits, physical and sensory quality of broiler chicken meat. One hundred and twenty birds at day 28 were used and thirty birds were randomly allotted into respective four dietary treatments [T1 - control diet with 0% inclusion level of raw roselle seed meal (RSM) while T2, T3 and T4 had 25%, 50% and 75% inclusion level of RSM respectively] in a complete randomized design. Each treatment had three replicates with ten birds per replicate. At the end of the 28-day feeding trial being 8 weeks, 24 birds (2-birds/replicate) were slaughtered for physical and sensory meat quality characteristics: colour, appearance, flavor, texture, taste and overall acceptability. Result showed there was not significant (P>0.05) difference for final weight, weight gain and feed intake among T1, T2 and T3 but T4 had significant (P<0.05) least values in final weight (1.58kg) weight gain (1.05kg) and feed intake (3.52kg) among the treatments. The FCR was not significantly different for T1 (3.32) and T4 (3.36) while both T1 and T4 differed significantly from T2 (3.13) and T3 (3.11). There were not significant (p>0.05) differences in the carcass traits that were measured across the treatments. The cooking loss from the thigh meat in T2 (27.55%) was significantly lower in comparison to treatments T3 (36.60%) and T4 (35.62%) but was not significantly different from T1 (30.48%). The cooking loss from breast and drumstick meat showed insignificant (P<0.05) difference among the treatments. The texture of the meat had least scored value in T1 (4.93) which was significantly different from T1 (6.33) but not significantly different from T2 (5.13) and T4 (6.07). The overall acceptability of the meat from the treatments was highest in T1 (7.03) with no significantly different from T3 (6.33) and T4 (6.67) but was significantly different from T2 (5.6). It can be concluded that raw roselle seed meal can be used as a substitute for full fat soybean for use in finisher broiler diets up to 50% inclusion level without adverse effect on the performance traits and some meat quality attributes of chicken.

scholarly journals Effect of season and different dietary protein level on production and reproductive performance and egg characteristics of indigenous Guinea fowl (Numida meleagris) in the middle belt of Ghana

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-329
Author(s):  
Korankye Okyere ◽  
James Kwame Kagya-Agyemang ◽  
Annor Serekye Yaw ◽  
Akwasi Asabere-Ameyaw ◽  
Clement Gyeabour Kyere
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Guinea Fowl ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Numida Meleagris ◽  
The Impact

This study was undertaken to determine the impact of seasonal variations and different dietary protein levels on production traits, reproductive performance and egg characteristics of Guinea fowl (Numida meleagris) in the Middle belt of Ghana. Twelve (12) males and forty-eight (48) females Pearl Guinea fowls of 12 weeks of age were subjected to isocaloric diet containing 16%, 18%, 20% and 22% crude protein levels.Each group was replicated three times and reared in three seasons (Dry-December-March, Major rains-April-July and Minor rains-August-November) in a 3x4 factorial experiment. Data were analyzed using General Linear Model procedure of SAS.Hen day egg production (HDEP) and egg mass increased (p<0.05), but feed intake, feed conversion ratio, egg weight, fertility and hatchability of incubated eggs were not significantly different (p>0.05) with increasing dietary protein. Egg quality traits did not differ significantly (p>0.05) except egg yolk (p<0.05). Season showed positive (p<0.05) relationship with all production traits as well as fertility of incubated eggs, but not hatchability (p>0.05). Egg internal and external traits were significantly (p<0.05) influenced by season except yolk weight and shell weight (p>0.05).Results demonstrates that increasing dietary protein promoted egg production and reproductive traits in Guinea fowl, nevertheless, 16% crude protein diet is sufficient to support optimum egg production, fertility and hatchability, and egg characteristics. Rainy seasons countenance production traits, fertility and hatchability as well as egg characteristics, thus, breeding should be planned to take advantage of the major rainy season.

scholarly journals Optimization of the dietary protein and energy levels for Dhakai quail during growing period

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
S Faruque ◽  
H Khatun ◽  
MS Islam ◽  
SMA Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Protein Level ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Total Weight ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Total Weight Gain ◽  
Daily Gain

A feeding trial was conducted to investigate the optimum level of dietary protein and energy on production performance and carcass characteristics of quail. A total number of 128 day-old chicks of Dhakai quail were used from internal hatchery of Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Savar, Dhaka. The chicks were arranged according to a 4 × 2 factorial (4 protein levels; 20, 22, 24 and 26% and 2 energy levels; 2800 and 2900 kcal ME/kg), and allocated into eight dietary treatment combinations according to the experimental design. The combinations were designated as D1 (CP20ME2800), D2 (CP20ME2900), D3 (CP22ME2800), D4 (CP22ME2900), D5 (P24ME2800), D6 (P24ME2900), D7 (P26ME2800) and D8 (P26ME2900). There were 16 chicks per treatment, each treatment had 2 replications having 8 chicks in each. At the end of 5 weeks, 2 birds from each replication were randomly selected and slaughtered to analyze the meat yield traits. All birds were fed ad libitum with treatment diets from day-old to 35 days of age. There were significant effect (P<0.001) of crude protein levels on final body weight, total weight gain, daily gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio (FCR). Feed intake, total weight gain and FCR at different energy levels did not differ significantly (P>0.05). It was observed that the performance of Dhakai quail fed diet with 22% crude protein and 2900 kcal. ME/kg DM was better compared to others in terms of total gain, daily gain, FCR and dressing percent. Futher, treatments effect of protein level was observed on weight gain from day-old to 35 days. A crude protein level of 22.227% was estimated by regression equations for growing Dhakai quail.Bangladesh J. of Livestock Res. 19(1-2): 1-9, Jan-Dec 2012

Effects of Increased Dietary Protein and Energy on Composition and Functional Capacities of Blood Mononuclear Cells from Vaccinated, Neonatal Calves

2005 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 357-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Foote ◽  
Nonnecke† ◽  
Waters ◽  
Palmer ◽  
Beitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
Milk Replacer ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Gamma Delta ◽  
Ifn Gamma ◽  
Functional Capacities

Effects of increased protein and energy provided by an intensified milk replacer on the antigen-specific, cell-mediated immune response of the neonatal calf were examined. Calves were fed a standard (0.45 kg/day of a 20% crude protein, 20% fat milk replacer; n = 11) or intensified (1.14 kg/day of a 28% crude protein, 20% fat milk replacer; n = 11) diet from 0 to 6 weeks of age. All calves were vaccinated with Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) at 1 week of age. The daily weight gain of intensified-diet calves (0.62 kg/day) was greater than the weight gain of standard-diet calves (0.29 kg/day). Liver, kidney, heart, thymus, and subcervical lymph nodes from intensified-diet calves were heavier than the same organs from standard-diet calves. Flow cytometric analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) populations indicated that CD4+ cells, gamma delta TCR+ cells, and monocyte percentages, although unaffected by diet during the first 5 weeks of the study, were higher in intensified-diet calves at week 6. The decline in gamma deltad TCR+ cell percentages and increase in B cell percentages with increasing age seen in all calves are characteristic of the maturing immune system of the calf. CD8+ T cell or B cell percentages were not affected by diet. In intensified-diet calves, percentages of CD4+ expressing interleukin-2 receptor increased and percentages of gamma delta TCR+ cells expressing interleukin-2 receptor decreased with time. The same populations in standard-diet calves did not change with time. Percentages of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, and B cells expressing MHC class II antigen, were unaffected by diet or age. Although mitogen-induced interferon (IFN)-gamma and nitric oxide (NO) secretion increased with age for all calves, PBMC from intensified-diet calves produced less IFN-gamma and more NO than did cells from standard-diet calves at week 6 of the study. Antigen-induced secretion of IFN-gamma and NO also increased with age but was unaffected by diet. Antigen-elicited delayed-type hypersensitivity was unaffected by diet, suggesting increased dietary protein and energy did not alter adaptive immunity in vivo. Overall, these results suggest that feeding calves a commercially available, intensified milk replacer affects minimally the composition and functional capacities of PBMC populations. Additional research is necessary to determine whether these subtle effects influence the calf’s susceptibility to infectious disease.

The meat quality of guinea fowl (Numida meleagris L., 1766) and its variation under refrigeration storage

2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 58-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.A. Zabiiakin ◽  
◽  
T.V. Zabiiakina ◽  
A.L. Kropotova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Guinea Fowl ◽  
Numida Meleagris ◽  
Refrigeration Storage

scholarly journals The Effect of Green Tea (Camellia sinensis) Leaf Powder on Growth Performance, Selected Hematological Indices, Carcass Characteristics and Meat Quality Parameters of Jumbo Quail

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 7080
Author(s):  
Steve Kgotlelelo Mahlake ◽  
Caven Mguvane Mnisi ◽  
Cornelia Lebopa ◽  
Cebisa Kumanda
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Green Tea ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Normal Ranges ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Leaf Powder ◽  
Zinc Bacitracin ◽  
Grower Diet

Green tea leaves contain a wide range of active bio-compounds that are essential for sustainable quail intensification; however, its feed value is not known for the Jumbo quail. Therefore, this study evaluated the effect of different levels of green tea leaf powder (GTLP) on physiological and meat quality parameters of the Jumbo quail. One-week-old chicks (n = 350; 56.1 ± 2.12 g live-weight) were evenly distributed to 35 replicate pens and reared on five experimental diets formulated as follows: a standard grower diet with zinc-bacitracin (PosCon), a standard grower diet without zinc-bacitracin (NegCon), and NegCon diet treated with 10 (GT10), 25 (GT25) and 50 g/kg (GT50) of GTLP. Weight gain linearly decreased in week 2 but increased in week 4, whereas feed conversion efficiency linearly declined in weeks 2 and 3 as GTLP levels increased. Overall feed intake, carcass yield, and caecum and colon weights showed a linear increase with GTLP levels. Hematological parameters fell within the normal ranges reported for healthy quail. The GT10 group showed larger liver weights than the PosCon and NegCon groups. It was concluded that dietary inclusion of GTLP enhances overall feed intake and carcass performance but not feed efficiency, hematological and meat quality parameters of Jumbo quail.

scholarly journals An Assessment of Treated Greywater Reuse in Irrigation on Growth and Protein Content of Prosopis and Albizia

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Naji K. Al-Mefleh ◽  
Yahia A. Othman ◽  
Maher J. Tadros ◽  
Amani Al-Assaf ◽  
Samer Talozi
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
World Health ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Albizia Lebbeck ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Significant Difference

This study investigated the influence of treated greywater on growth and protein content of multipurpose (forage and ornamental) transplants, Prosopis juliflora L., Prosopis tamarugo L., and Albizia lebbeck L. Transplants of tested species were irrigated with treated greywater, diluted greywater (grey + distilled water, 1:1/by volume), and distilled water (control) for seven months. Water quality analysis showed that the concentrations of nutrients and heavy metals found in the greywater were within the acceptable range compared with Jordan Institution for Standard and Metrology (JISM) and the World Health Organization (WHO) thresholds for safe use of greywater. Escherichia coli found in the greywater were lower compared to JISM and WHO guidelines for the safe use of greywater. Irrigation with treated greywater increased shoot fresh weight by 24–39% and dry weight by 34–40% compared to diluted greywater and control. No significant difference in crude protein was noticed between water treatments. Prosopis species (P. juliflora Albizia lebbeck L. and P. tamarugo Albizia lebbeck L.) had higher shoot fresh (35%) and dry weight the same species had lower crude protein (44%) when compared to Albizia lebbeck Albizia lebbeck L. The reuse of treated greywater for landscaping or forage production alleviates the demand for water resources and reduces the pressure on wastewater treatment plants. However, considering the controversial findings of previous studies on greywater quality (especially, long-term reuse), the reuse of treated greywater needs to be considered with caution and periodic quality analyses and economic assessments are required.

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