Soils of abandoned industrial wastes disposal sites: properties, processes, functioning

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Zamotaev ◽  
Natalia Telnova ◽  
Alexander Alexandrovskiy ◽  
Raisa Gracheva ◽  
Andrey Dolgikh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Nitrous Oxide Emissions ◽  
Aerial Photos ◽  
Organic Layers ◽  
Geochemical Condition ◽  
Closed Landfill

<p>Soils formed at once abandoned and recultivated industrial waste dumping sites are key research objects both as models of soil-forming processes in underdeveloped soils and indicators of persistent or potential environmental hazards of dumps themselves. Our studies of technogenic surface-like soil formations (TSF) and soils were conducted on a closed landfill and two abandoned filtration fields from sugar factories  in Kursk region, central part of European Russia.</p><p>Key properties of TSF and soils were defined with the assessments of their ecological, microbiological state and gas-geochemical condition. Set of methods (mesomorphological and micromorphological analysis, soil chemical and physico-chemical analysis, comparatively geographical method) was used for the detection of current elementary soil processes. Seasonal dynamics of carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide emissions from soils to the atmosphere was also under consideration. Main used methodology is a research of sustainable properties of soil solid-phase (“soil memory”) together with soil functioning.</p><p>Long-term time series of high-detailed remote sensing data (from archive aerial photos of 1950s to actual satellite images and UAV optical photogrammetry) provided the possibility for the retrospective remote monitoring of the all abandoned dumps in study and reconstruction of their life cycles and land cover patterns.</p><p>As a result for the three industrial waste dumping sites of different types and the varying age of abandonment and recultivation history there were elaborated schemes of chrono-functional zoning. Each chrono-functional zone is characterized by the specific set of TSF and soils. Among them, it was described technogenic surface-like soil formations of closed landfill, calcareous technosols with several thick organic layers at the bottom of abandoned field filtration cells, calcic anthrosols of field filtration cells spontaneously used for agriculture after the abandonment of sugar factories.</p><p>The study is financially supported by RFBR project № 19–29–05025–mk.</p>

Mitigation of nitrous oxide emissions from an acidic soil by valorization of industrial waste

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junhui Yin ◽  
Rui Liu ◽  
Qing Chen
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Acidic Soil ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Nitrous Oxide Emissions ◽  
Acidic Soils ◽  
Untreated Soil ◽  
Incubation Experiments ◽  
Agriculture Sustainability

<p>Increasing evidence suggests that alkaline mineral amendments from industrial wastes (e.g., phosphorus tailing, PT) have potential to ameliorate soil acidification and improve agriculture sustainability. However, the effects of such amendment on nitrous oxide (N<sub>2</sub>O) production remain elusive. To fill this knowledge gap, an incubation experiments were conducted with an acidic soil of pH 4.80 treated with i) control (CK, no amendments), ii) urea at 60 mg N kg<sup>-1</sup> (U), iii) 10 g kg<sup>-1</sup> amendments (S) and iv) 10 g kg<sup>-1</sup> amendments plus urea at 60 mg N kg<sup>-1</sup> (S+U). A 184-h experiment was conducted with a robotized incubation system for monitoring real-time gases (O<sub>2</sub>, N<sub>2</sub>O, N<sub>2</sub>, CO<sub>2</sub>) dynamics. Results from this batch experiment showed that the soil pH was significantly increased with the amendment addition (S and S+U) from 4.80 to above 6.00. Meanwhile, the mineralization, nitrification and denitrification processes were stimulated with the amendment addition. The N<sub>2</sub>O production was reduced by an average of 65.7% with the amendment addition compared to that without the amendment application. After incubation, higher N<sub>2 </sub>productions were observed from the soil with amendment addition (S and S+U) than untreated soil (<em>P</em><0.05). The findings suggest that the N<sub>2</sub>O emissions from acidic soils can be considerably controlled by valorization of PT.</p>

An Adaptive Tracking Algorithm for Convection in Simulated and Remote Sensing Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 513-526
Author(s):  
Bhupendra A. Raut ◽  
Robert Jackson ◽  
Mark Picel ◽  
Scott M. Collis ◽  
Martin Bergemann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Simulated Data ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Tracking Algorithm ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Computationally Efficient ◽  
Convective Systems ◽  
Object Based ◽  
Modular Platform ◽  
Convective Cells

AbstractA robust and computationally efficient object tracking algorithm is developed by incorporating various tracking techniques. Physical properties of the objects, such as brightness temperature or reflectivity, are not considered. Therefore, the algorithm is adaptable for tracking convection-like features in simulated data and remotely sensed two-dimensional images. In this algorithm, a first guess of the motion, estimated using the Fourier phase shift, is used to predict the candidates for matching. A disparity score is computed for each target–candidate pair. The disparity also incorporates overlapping criteria in the case of large objects. Then the Hungarian method is applied to identify the best pairs by minimizing the global disparity. The high-disparity pairs are unmatched, and their target and candidate are declared expired and newly initiated objects, respectively. They are tested for merger and split on the basis of their size and overlap with the other objects. The sensitivity of track duration is shown for different disparity and size thresholds. The paper highlights the algorithm’s ability to study convective life cycles using radar and simulated data over Darwin, Australia. The algorithm skillfully tracks individual convective cells (a few pixels in size) and large convective systems. The duration of tracks and cell size are found to be lognormally distributed over Darwin. The evolution of size and precipitation types of isolated convective cells is presented in the Lagrangian perspective. This algorithm is part of a vision for a modular platform [viz., TINT is not TITAN (TINT) and Tracking and Object-Based Analysis of Clouds (tobac)] that will evolve into a sustainable choice to analyze atmospheric features.

Reaction Process of Chromium Slag Reduced by Industrial Waste in Solid Phase

2007 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-min Shi ◽  
Xing-hong Du ◽  
Qing-jia Meng ◽  
Shi-wei Song ◽  
Zhi-tong Sui
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Reaction Process ◽  
Chromium Slag

scholarly journals ENERGY PRODUCTION FROM WASTES BY THERMAL GASIFICATION PROCESSES

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-165
Author(s):  
Paulo Brito
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Sustainable Energy ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Biomass Resources ◽  
Traditional Technologies ◽  
Technological Strategies ◽  
Production Problems

The sustainable energy will play a key role in the future of the planet, not only because in 20 years Biomass is expected to deliver around 30% of total energy consumption, but also because BioEnergy, produced mainly through combustion and gasification of agro-industrial waste, woody materials and forest crops, is expected to be fundamental for sustainable energy production. Problems related to the emissions of greenhouse gases, lack of fossil natural resources and the increasing price of fuels have progressively encouraged research and adoption of new technological strategies for energy production from renewable sources and application of waste-to-energy (WTE) concepts. Syngas obtained from gasification of biomass and industrial wastes constitutes an interesting resource for energy generation because it has lower impacts for the environment compared to traditional technologies and allows for the valorisation of waste residues as feedstock. This work presents the scope, potential and technologies related to the use of biomass resources with a focus on thermal gasification of wastes.

scholarly journals Heavy Metals Concentration in Contaminated Soils from Southern Part of Romania

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana FLORESCU ◽  
Andreea IORDACHE ◽  
Claudia SANDRU ◽  
Elena HORJ ◽  
Roxana IONETE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Metal Contamination ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Land Application ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Contamination Of Soils

As a result of accidental spills or leaks, industrial wastes may enter in soil and in streams. Some of the contaminants may not be completely removed by treatment processes; therefore, they could become a problem for these sources. The use of synthetic products (e.g. pesticides, paints, batteries, industrial waste, and land application of industrial or domestic sludge) can result in heavy metal contamination of soils.

scholarly journals Minimizing the Environmental Impact of Industrial Production: Evidence from South Korean Waste Treatment Investment Projects

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 3489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga A. Shvetsova ◽  
Jang Hee Lee
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Investment Project ◽  
Environmental Policies ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Investment Projects ◽  
South Korean ◽  
Sustainable Systems ◽  
Industrial Waste Management

This research deals with the theoretical and practical issues of investment support activities for industrial waste management in developed countries, based on the example of South Korea. The main goal of this research is the evaluation of waste treatment investment projects and understanding their impact on the development of environmental policies. The problems of forming the sustainable systems for controlling the disposal of industrial wastes are being studied. The authors discuss the practical application of environmental policies and modern technologies of South Korean companies in the field of industrial waste processing. The approaches of waste investment project’s evaluation are applied and multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) methods were discussed for various cases and applications. Using MCDM methods, the authors study the effectiveness of investment projects in waste treatment activities in Korea. The analyses of MCDM methods are implemented in this research to provide some instructions on how to effectively apply these methods in waste treatment investment project analyses. Furthermore, the authors propose a combination of multi-criterial selection and interval preferences to evaluate waste treatment projects. The proposed approach improves the method of calculating economic efficiency based on a one-dimensional criterion and sensitivity analysis. The main results of this research perform the investment impact and risk-analysis on the environmental policies development.

scholarly journals Exploitation of Agro-Industrial Waste as Potential Source of Bioactive Compounds for Aquaculture

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 843
Author(s):  
Nayely Leyva-López ◽  
Cynthia E. Lizárraga-Velázquez ◽  
Crisantema Hernández ◽  
Erika Y. Sánchez-Gutiérrez
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Bodies Of Water

The agroindustry generates a large amount of waste. In postharvest, food losses can reach up to 50%. This waste represents a source of contamination of soil, air, and bodies of water. This represents a problem for the environment as well as for public health. However, this waste is an important source of bioactive compounds, such as phenolic compounds, terpenes, and β-glucans, among others. Several biological activities have been attributed to these compounds; for example, antioxidant, antimicrobial, gut microbiota, and immune system modulators. These properties have been associated with improvements in health. Recently, the approach of using these bioactive compounds as food additives for aquaculture have been addressed, where it is sought that organisms, in addition to growing, preserve their health and become disease resistant. The exploitation of agro-industrial waste as a source of bioactive compounds for aquaculture has a triple objective—to provide added value to production chains, reduce pollution, and improve the well-being of organisms through nutrition. However, to make use of the waste, it is necessary to revalue them, mainly by determining their biological effects in aquaculture organisms. The composition of bioactive compounds of agro-industrial wastes, their biological properties, and their application in aquaculture will be addressed here.

scholarly journals A Review on Bioconversion of Agro-Industrial Wastes to Industrially Important Enzymes

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajeev Ravindran ◽  
Shady Hassan ◽  
Gwilym Williams ◽  
Amit Jaiswal
Keyword(s):  
Solid Phase ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Large Fraction ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Corn Cob ◽  
Phase Culture ◽  
Commercially Important ◽  
Value Added Products

Agro-industrial waste is highly nutritious in nature and facilitates microbial growth. Most agricultural wastes are lignocellulosic in nature; a large fraction of it is composed of carbohydrates. Agricultural residues can thus be used for the production of various value-added products, such as industrially important enzymes. Agro-industrial wastes, such as sugar cane bagasse, corn cob and rice bran, have been widely investigated via different fermentation strategies for the production of enzymes. Solid-state fermentation holds much potential compared with submerged fermentation methods for the utilization of agro-based wastes for enzyme production. This is because the physical–chemical nature of many lignocellulosic substrates naturally lends itself to solid phase culture, and thereby represents a means to reap the acknowledged potential of this fermentation method. Recent studies have shown that pretreatment technologies can greatly enhance enzyme yields by several fold. This article gives an overview of how agricultural waste can be productively harnessed as a raw material for fermentation. Furthermore, a detailed analysis of studies conducted in the production of different commercially important enzymes using lignocellulosic food waste has been provided.

A critical review on tribological properties, thermal behavior, and different applications of industrial waste reinforcement for composites

2020 ◽  
pp. 146442072097243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swati Gangwar ◽  
Vimal Kumar Pathak
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Red Mud ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Manufacturing Costs ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Marble Dust ◽  
Future Potential

Industrial wastes such as marble dust, fly ash, and red mud have progressed as an environmental hazard that needs to be disposed or utilized for minimizing the ecological pollution problems and manufacturing costs. Over the years, there is an increasing interest among researchers in utilizing these industrial wastes as reinforcement for developing economic and lightweight monolithic or hybrid composites. In the same context, this paper presents a comprehensive review on the aspects of tribology and thermal performance of industrial waste such as marble dust, fly ash, and red mud as reinforcement for different monolithic and hybrid composites. The review also describes different applications for industrial waste material reinforced composites. Finally, the paper concludes with authors’ perspective of the review, conclusion summary, and future potential of industrial waste filled composites in different industries for obtaining a sustainable and cleaner environment.

The Role of Industrial Waste in the Formation of the Structure and Properties of Effective Wall Ceramics

2018 ◽  
Vol 931 ◽  
pp. 578-582
Author(s):  
Natalia D. Yatsenko ◽  
N.A. Vil'bitskaya ◽  
A.I. Yatsenko
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Innovative Technologies ◽  
Furnace Slag

The article deals with the use of blast furnace slag and mineralising additives as raw materials for the production of building materials. Innovative technologies of brick production from natural raw materials and industrial wastes are developed.

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