scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF PUBLIC HEALTH POLICY IN REDUCING MATERNAL MORTALITY NUMBER

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Retnayu Prasetyanti
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Public Policy ◽  
Public Health Policy ◽  
Health Personnel ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Local Area ◽  
Good Corporate Governance ◽  
Self Reliance ◽  
Policy Alternatives

By the emergence of good local governance paradigm,local government must innovatively manage localuniqueness to create community self-reliance in healthcare. By using qualitative perspective and theoreticalanalysis on public policy and sustainable development inlocal context, the research results revealed somedevelopment strategies on health and maternal care.Firstly, (a) upholding cross-sector policies through PublicPrivate Partnership and Good Corporate Governance toserve equitable health outcomes by developing healthinfrastructure and health personnel in local area. (b)Implementing Good Village Governance to enhance localeconomic growth and achieve the outcomes of villageautonomy system. (c) Understanding health as a system,thus, solutions and policy alternatives must considerthinking sub-systems of health care for women, such asgender development and social capital.Keywords: Public Policy, Public Health, Local Wisdom,Development

scholarly journals Institutional Mechanism for Public Health Policy in Conditions of Poverty Alleviation

2020 ◽  
pp. 163-175
Author(s):  
Oleksii DEMIKHOV
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Public Policy ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Public Health Policy ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
The Eu

Introduction: Public health is a new field of knowledge and human activity that is being developed in Ukraine nowadays. In Ukraine and globally, public health is one of the highest priority areas of human development that falls into the category of systematic social inequality. Public health sector is socially important as it creates a health-preserving lifestyle for the population. Research: The basic elements of this approach are population economic status, ecology, education, territorial settlement (urban or rural), and housing quality. At these basic levels, there is already a feasible scientific debate about the existence and growth of poverty. There is inequality in access to health care quality, prevention and treatment; healthy food quality; and furthermore the opportunity to lead a healthy lifestyle, especially in urban areas. Recognizing the effects of such inequality and poverty in access to health-preservation, national and regional public authorities of the EU and Ukraine have begun to develop and implement public health concepts and programs at different levels. The purpose of our research is to study public health sector of the EU and compare it with Ukraine in order to formulate proposals for mitigating health inequalities and poverty in access to health services, as well as developing new standards and to have an integrated approach to work out an effective public health policy. Conclusion: The aim of this topic is the processing and synthesis of information of public policy instruments in the context of preserving and promoting the health of the population, increasing the expectancy and quality of life, preventing diseases, promoting a healthy lifestyle. We use a multidisciplinary and systematic approach in research as a baseline, methods of analysis, synthesis, generalization, comparison and economic-statistical methods are used. Data was sourced from the surveys of Ukrainian and foreign scientists, national statistical agencies of the EU and Ukraine, associations of cities of the leading countries around the world. In particular, we are interested in the indicators such as the level of urbanization, the level of gross domestic product, area pollution, the level of mortality, other economic, social and health characteristics. Keywords: poverty alleviation, public health, health care, public policy.

scholarly journals The city as a healthy lifestyle cluster: connection of public health policy and health culture formation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Demikhov ◽  
І. Dehtyarova
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Public Policy ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Public Health Policy ◽  
Public Health System ◽  
Health Culture ◽  
The Public ◽  
The City ◽  
Public Health Development

Problem setting. The city is always a group identity, including a culture of health. Health is related to education, living conditions, work, leisure, and many other factors. Global megatrends confirm the relevance of public health development. At present, the public health structure in the field of domestic medicine is forming in Ukraine. A pandemic and a financial crisis are pushing the state and local communities more actively to build an appropriate system to protect the population.Recent research and publications analysis. Foreign authors focus on the effectiveness of community-based health care spending, especially for the poorest. At the same time, analysts argue that mortality among children under the age of five is significantly decreasing in urban areas and, on the contrary, and is increasing among adult men. Other studies provide a robust, flexible forecasting platform for community management systems. Therefore, foreign authors point to the need for active involvement of municipalities in the field of public health. This is necessary to preserve lives and to inculcate all levels of urban governance and citizens of the health culture. At the same time, the tools of this managerial influence in cities are not yet fully disclosed in researchers' publications.Highlighting previously unsettled parts of the general problem. Studying foreign experience of health care development in the context of forming a health culture in the city, as well as exploring the possibilities of implementing effective decision-making technologies in this field in Ukraine.Paper main body. The experience of World Health Organization projects in the context of urban public health development is considered. In particular, one of WHO's Healthy Cities initiatives is interesting. The following six theses of the Copenhagen Consensus of Mayors underpin the priority directions of Stage VII: investing in people; urban environment design, support for active participation and partnerships in the interests of health and well-being; promoting the development of local communities and access to public goods and services; promoting peace and security through the formation of inclusive communities; protecting the planet from degradation, including through sustainable consumption and production.Cities need to ensure that public policy, economic investment programs are interconnected, and make every effort to equitably distribute resources. In this way, public health policy tools will shape the city’s health culture as a multifaceted concept. The process of implementation of public health system in the regions of Ukraine, in particular in Sumy region is also considered on a specific example. So, Sumy Regional Center for Public Health was created as part of the All-Ukrainian Medical Reform in 2018. Regional program of public health support for 2020 – 2021 is approved.The total amount of indicative financing under this program for the years 2020 – 2021 is 63 mln. UAH. The main activities and activities of the program for two years are: improvement of the material and technical base of health-care establishments involved in the public health system and provision of services related to HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, drug addiction. However, due to the lack of implementation of the regional budget and the deterioration of the socio-economic situation in the region, the Sumy Regional Public Health Center has been reorganized recently to optimize the structures of the region council. This fact points to the actual phasing-out in the area of public health health reform. Only the coronavirus pandemic, which began in 2020 both in the world and in Ukraine, has intensified the activities of the state and regional authorities to partially strengthen and restore the public health system.Conclusions of the research and prospects for further studies. Therefore, the impact of public policy in cities on the development of a health culture becomes an urgent task. Using this strategic thinking in European cities will give Ukraine the opportunity to develop its own public health policy. Therefore, further research in this area is extremely promising. Cities need to ensure that public policy, economic investment programs are interconnected, and make every effort to equitably distribute resources. In this way, public health policy tools will shape the city’s health culture as a multifaceted concept.

scholarly journals Digital Transformation of the Sphere of Public Health in Ukraine

2021 ◽  
pp. 217-226
Author(s):  
Oleksii DEMIKHOV
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Public Policy ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Public Health Policy ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
Health Culture ◽  
The World

Currently, coronavirus infection is spreading around the world. Public health professionals need to develop new tools to ensure the epidemiological safety of citizens. First of all, it concerns the implementation of public health policy and health culture at the intersectoral level. Big data analytics, smart solutions for COVID-19 vaccination and morbidity monitoring, mobile applications to monitor the movement and contact of individuals, personal smart devices, cyberphysical technologies, and smart city infrastructure help in this regard. Scientific works of researchers are devoted to the impact of the digital economy on the development of society, the application digital communications in the activities of public authorities, the peculiarities of the formation of digital culture, cybersecurity and e-democracy. NGO’s experts offer their projects of digital transformation in the country, including in the field of health care. The issue of electronic tools in the field of public health and related public policy has not yet been addressed in recent scientific publications. The purpose of the article is to find out the current state of digital transformation in public administration and politics of Ukraine and the world, to determine further effective areas of application of IT tools in the field of public health policy. The article examines domestic laws and regulations in the field of e-government. Alternative projects of digital transformation of Ukraine proposed by public organizations are analyzed. It is established that at the national level, the foundations of digital transformation in the field of health care and public health in particular have been formed. The author of the article records a private initiative of professional associations of ICT specialists, the desire and efforts of the third sector in the direction of dynamic development of digitalization of health care. Regions and local communities at the united territorial communities’ level are not sufficiently covered by digital development. The directions of digitalization of public administration and public policy are proposed. Thus, the use of digital and mobile jobs in the public sector and in local governments will bring employees closer to society; will enable them to perform quality service functions, including health care. E-government tools are one of the leading positions in public policy-making. Today, Ukraine has laid the foundations for the digital transformation of public administration and public policy. The necessary legislative and regulatory framework for the development of e-government has been developed, including in terms of morbidity prevention, monitoring and assessment of public health, promotion of healthy lifestyles, anti-epidemiological measures, formation of health culture and development of health-preserving regional and local visions. However, the problem of further development at the regional level of public health remains. There are not enough funds in local budgets and experienced staff. Further research should focus on aspects of human-centred, humanistic public health policy, especially in quarantine.

Paternalism, Autonomy, and the Common Good

2021 ◽  
pp. 89-109
Author(s):  
James Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Public Policy ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Public Health Policy ◽  
Common Good ◽  
Health Policies ◽  
Public Health Policies ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Common Good ◽  
The Common

Public health policies are often accused of being paternalistic, or to show the ‘Nanny State’ in action. This chapter argues that complaints about paternalism in public health policy are, for a variety of reasons, much less convincing than is often thought. First, for conceptual reasons, it is difficult to specify what it would be for a policy to be paternalistic. Second, two of the elements that make paternalism problematic at an individual level—interference with liberty and lack of individual consent—are endemic to public policy contexts in general and so cannot be used to support the claim that paternalism in particular is wrong. The chapter concludes that instead of debating whether a given policy is paternalistic, it would be better to ask whether the infringements of liberty it contains are justifiable, without placing any weight on whether or not those infringements of liberty are paternalistic.

The importance of mass communication in promoting positive health

2010 ◽  
pp. 108-111
Author(s):  
Thomas Lom
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Public Health Policy ◽  
Mass Communication ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Positive Health ◽  
For Profit ◽  
New Treatments

Medical science is enabling an explosion of discovery in diagnostic tools and in the development of new treatments and products. But how do we take advantage if we are not aware? That is where the power of mass communication comes into play. In a world with increasingly motivated and empowered patients, these go well beyond just the for-profit companies such as the pharmaceutical industry and include payers, governments, health care professionals, and institutions. The motivation for the dissemination of health information is a convergence of public health interest and public health policy with private sector commercial interests....

scholarly journals Perceived risks and barriers to care for international migrants in transit through Mexico

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Larrea ◽  
R Leyva-Flores ◽  
N Guarneros-Soto ◽  
C Infante-Xibille
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Health Personnel ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Barriers To Care ◽  
Human Security ◽  
Public Health Services ◽  
Care Services ◽  
In Transit

Abstract Background Mexico has implemented policies seeking to reduce barriers to care for migrants in transit; however, it is estimated that only 3% of migrants use public health services when needed. The main purpose of this study was to identify the barriers to access public health services faced by migrants in transit through Mexico. Methods Under the human security perspective, in 2018, a qualitative study was carried out in Mexican communities with high migrant mobility. 34 semi-structured interviews were conducted with migrants in transit, and personnel from public health services and migrant shelters (NGOs). Values and meanings related to risks, health problems, barriers to care, experiences of health services utilization, and opinions on facilitating elements to diminish these barriers were identified. Results Migrants in transit through Mexico face risks that affect all dimensions of human security. Perceived anti-migratory and discriminative attitudes during the journey were constantly mentioned in the interviews. Barriers to care were found in the four stages of health care access, classified according to the Tanahashi framework, with the majority related to accessibility and acceptability. The following facilitating elements were also identified: political willingness of local government, knowledge and talent management of health personnel, and strategies implemented for adapting local health care services to migrants. Conclusions Social and political conditions in Mexico disrupt any effort to reduce social risks and barriers to care for migrants in transit. Non-governmental actors are key players for facilitating interactions between migrants and local governmental health care institutions. However, the general anti-migratory context negatively affects access to health care and influence the perspectives of migrants, NGOs, and health personnel. Key messages The predominant perceived barriers to care are in counterpoint to local governmental pro-migrant rights perspectives. NGOs are key actors to promote access to public health care services.

Litigation as Public Health Policy: Theory or Reality?

2002 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 224-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter D. Jacobson ◽  
Soheil Soliman
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Public Policy ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Civil Rights ◽  
Public Health Policy ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Class Action ◽  
Policy Theory ◽  
Health Goals

An ongoing debate among legal scholars and public health advocates is the role of litigation in shaping public policy. For the most part, the debate has been waged at a conceptual level, with opponents and proponents arguing within fairly well-defined boundaries. The debate has been based either on speculation of what litigation could achieve or on ideological grounds as to why litigation should or should not be used this way. With the exception of Rosenberg's study of how litigation shaped policy in civil rights, abortion, and environmental matters, there is almost no empirical support for either position.In recent years, the most ardent proponents of litigation as public policy have been public health advocates. Perhaps out of frustration with the inability to achieve desired public health goals through the legislative branch of government, public health advocates have pursued litigation as an alternative strategy. Beginning with tobacco class action litigation in the early 1990s and continuing with litigation against gun manufacturers at the end of that decade, public health advocates have waged a veritable litigation assault aimed at changing how public health policy is formed.

scholarly journals Diabetes in India: Measuring the dynamics of a public health catastrophe

2016 ◽  
Vol 04 (02) ◽  
pp. 077-084 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pranav Patnaik ◽  
Kamlesh Jain ◽  
P. Chandra ◽  
Jaya Pathak ◽  
K. Raman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Public Health Policy ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Urban Migration ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

AbstractDiabetes has emerged as a major concern in the Indian health-care setting but has been underrecognized as a significant challenge in the context of public health policy due to the necessity to handle acute health conditions. Trends obtained from national and regional surveys over time strongly point to the increasing diabetes burden. In addition, people with undiagnosed and prediabetes can aggravate the burden in the near future. Long-term concerns arise from the rapid transformations such as urbanization, rural–urban migration, and lifestyle changes happening across different populations of India. Attempts at creating a rational diabetes prevention and management policy are severely hindered by a lack of comprehensive, standardized data on diabetes prevalence, and trends in the evolution of the epidemic. The impact of diabetes is multifaceted, ranging from the clinical impact of higher secondary complications to personal, psychosocial, and financial effects on the individual which create a cycle of negative outcomes. Given the chronic nature of diabetes, the impact is likely to remain as a self-perpetuating burden on the health-care system. The magnitude, spread, and impact of the diabetes epidemic are substantial, and it has transitioned to being a pandemic with potentially catastrophic implications for the Indian Public Health System. It is therefore essential to create public health policy specific to diabetes care that is effective in reducing the multidimensional impact of diabetes catastrophe and prevent further multiplication of this pandemic.

Introduction

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
James Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Public Policy ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Medical Ethics ◽  
Public Health Policy ◽  
Ethical Reflection ◽  
Health It ◽  
Philosophical Reflection ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Definition Of

This chapter introduces the book’s main themes. It explains why public health policy matters, and why public policy requires ethical and philosophical reflection. It introduces debates around the definition of disease and illness, and debates about the definition of public health. It examines why public health was initially largely excluded from the purview of medical ethics and bioethics in the 1960s and following decades, and some of the drivers behind the rise of ethical reflection on public health since 2000. It also briefly introduces the structure of the rest of the book.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document