EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THE CO2 LASER CUTTING OF NOVEL POLYAMIDE 6/FLUOROELASTOMER THERMOPLASTIC ELASTOMERIC BLENDS

2015 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shib Shankar Banerjee ◽  
Anil K. Bhowmick
Keyword(s):  
Low Power ◽  
Co2 Laser ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Laser Power ◽  
Laser Cutting ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Polyamide 6 ◽  
Thermoplastic Elastomers ◽  
Dynamic Vulcanization

ABSTRACT The application of the low-power CO2 laser-cutting process to fluoroelastomer (FKM), polyamide 6 (PA6), PA6/FKM thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs), and their thermoplastic vulcanizate (TPV) is reported. The main laser process parameters studied were laser power, cutting speed, and material thickness. The value of the top and bottom widths of the slit that were formed during laser cutting (kerf width), melted transverse area, and melted volume per unit time were measured and analyzed. Interestingly, TPE showed a smaller melted area and melted volume per unit time when compared with those values with PA6. Dynamic vulcanization further decreased these values. For example, the melted areas of PA6 and TPE were 510 × 10−3 mm2 and 305 × 10−3 mm2, respectively, which reduced to 238 × 10−3 mm2 for TPV at 40 W laser power. FKM showed the lowest value (melted area of 180 × 10−3 mm2). In addition, the output quality of the cut surface was examined by measuring the root mean square (RMS) roughness of the cut edges and heat-affected zone (HAZ). The obtained results indicated that the dimension of the HAZ and RMS roughness largely decreased in TPE when compared with PA6. For example, the HAZ of PA6 was 700 μm, which decreased to 230 μm for TPE at 40 W laser power. On the other hand, HAZ was nonexistent for FKM. Infrared spectroscopic analysis showed that there was no structural change of TPE or pristine polymers after applying the low-power CO2 laser on the surface of materials. CO2 laser cutting will be a new technique in this industry, and this analysis will assist the manufacturing industry to choose a suitable laser system with exhaustive information of process parameters for cutting or machining of rubber, TPEs, and TPVs.

EXPERIMENTAL EVALUATION OF CO2 LASER CUTTING QUALITY OF UHSS USING OXYGEN AS AN ASSISTED GAS

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Fattah Mohamad Tahir ◽  
Ahmad Razelan Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Laser ◽  
High Strength Steel ◽  
Laser Power ◽  
Laser Cutting ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Gas Pressure ◽  
Kerf Width ◽  
Boron Steel ◽  
Major Factors

Development of new material known as Ultra High Strength Steel (UHSS) able to improve the vehicle mass thus reflecting better fuel consumption. Transformation into high strength steel has been a significant drawback in trimming the UHSS into its final shape thus laser cutting process appeared to be the solution. This study emphasizes the relationship between Carbon Dioxide (CO2) laser cutting input parameters on 22MnB5 boron steel focusing on the kerf width formation and Heat Affected Zone (HAZ). Experimental research with variation of laser power, cutting speed and assisted gas pressure were executed to evaluate the responses. Metrological and metallographic evaluation of the responses were made on the outputs that are the kerf width formation and HAZ.  Positive correlation for power and negative interaction for cutting speed were found as the major factors on formation of the kerf. For the HAZ formation, thicker HAZ were formed as bigger laser power were applied to the material. Cutting speed and gas pressure does not greatly influence the HAZ formation for 22MnB5 boron steel.

Parametric Influence Study for Laser Cutting on Acrylic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandeep S. Wangikar ◽  
Manthan M Dixit ◽  
Saurabh G Wadekar ◽  
Harshal R Nagtilak ◽  
Nitin D Hingmire ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Laser ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Laser Power ◽  
Laser Cutting ◽  
Scanning Speed ◽  
Laser Machining ◽  
Response Measure ◽  
Machining Processes ◽  
The One ◽  
Day By Day

Laser has been employed for producing the complex specimens very efficiently and magnificently. The use of acrylic components is becoming prevalent day by day. Hence it is required to study the various machining techniques for engraving or cutting of acrylic material. The one of the non-traditional machining processes which can be employed efficiently for machining of acrylic is CO2 laser machining. The parametric study of acrylic materials by using CO2 laser machining is discussed in this paper. The scanning speed and the laser power were considered as process parameters and the influence of these parameters is studied on the depth as response measure. The engraving depth is observed to be increasing with increase in power and noted to be decreasing with increase in the scanning speed.

scholarly journals Influence of Process Parameters on Cutting Width in CO2 Laser Processing of Hardox 400 Steel

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 5998
Author(s):  
Constantin Cristinel Girdu ◽  
Catalin Gheorghe ◽  
Constanta Radulescu ◽  
Daniela Cirtina
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Research ◽  
Co2 Laser ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Laser Processing ◽  
Laser Power ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Cutting Parameters ◽  
Gas Pressure ◽  
Influence Of Process Parameters ◽  
Minimum Value

This paper presents an experimental research that proposes to determine the influence of process parameters on CO2 laser cutting of 8 mm thick Hardox 400 steel, for which Kerf has a minimum value. The experimental research was conducted according to a complete factorial plan with laser power, assistant gas pressure and cutting speed as the input parameters, and cutting width as the dependable variable. The Design of Experiment (DOE) consisted of 27 references and was completed with four replicas to determine the variation of the Kerf average. Functional, linear and quadratic relations were determined, which describe the Kerf dependence on the cutting parameters in order to establish the most influential parameter. The results show that the independent parameter with the most significant influence was the laser power, with minimum Kerf obtained if the laser power and the assistant gas pressure were adjusted to average values. The interaction between laser power and auxiliary gas pressure at constant cutting speed was investigated to improve Kerf and reduce the laser processing cost. The study offers the right combination of process parameters that leads to a minimum value of the cutting width.

scholarly journals Optimization of CNC CO2 Laser Cutting Process Parameters on Acrylic Cutting Using Taguchi Grey Relational Analysis and Response Surface Methodology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eldinar Oktatian ◽  
Cucuk Nur Rosyidi ◽  
Eko Pujiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Taguchi Method ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Laser Power ◽  
Laser Cutting ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Multi Objective Optimization ◽  
Optimal Process ◽  
Relational Analysis ◽  
Grey Relational

Abstract Polymethylmethacrylate (acrylic) has some important characteristics such as light weight, impact-resistant, and high durability. In a manufacturing industry, acrylic has been widely used as the basic material for billboard products, decorative lights, canopies, and room decorations. This research aims at determining the optimal process parameters of the laser cutting process. The experiment was conducted using multi-response Taguchi method involving four responses, namely processing time, dimensional accuracy, surface roughness, and carbon emissions. The Taguchi method is used to determine the Signal to Noise (SNR) for each response. The Grey Relational Analysis (GRA) method is performed by calculating the normalized weight of SNR for each response to determine the optimal setting level of each factor applied in the experiment. The Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was applied to determine the mathematical model based on the results of the experiment to allow the multi-objective optimization and determine the exact value of optimal process parameters which simultaneously compromise all the responses. Based on the results of the experiment, the optimal process parameters are 65% of the laser power, 4 mm/s of the cutting speed, and 4 mm of nozzle distance. Whereas from the results multi-objective optimization, the optimal process parameters are 75% of laser power, 5.9 mm/s of cutting speed, and 3mm of nozzle distance.

scholarly journals Experimental Investigation of Industrial Laser Cutting: The Effect of the Material Selection and the Process Parameters on the Kerf Quality

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (14) ◽  
pp. 4956 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvio Genna ◽  
Erica Menna ◽  
Gianluca Rubino ◽  
Vincenzo Tagliaferri
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Co2 Laser ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Laser Cutting ◽  
Material Selection ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Wide Range

Laser beam cutting is a non-contact, production-flexible and highly productive technique that allows accurate profiling of a wide range of sheet materials. To these and further benefits, laser machining is increasingly being adopted by industry. This paper investigates the effect of material type, workpiece thickness, cutting speed and assistant gas pressure on cut quality for industrial-relevant applications using a CO2 laser. AlMg3 aluminum alloy, St37-2 low-carbon steel and AISI 304 stainless steel were selected to represent the most established materials in many industrial fields and gain insight into different processes (i.e., inert-assisted fusion cutting and oxygen cutting) and absorption behaviors with respect to CO2 laser wavelength. The aim was to enhance the understanding of the mechanisms through which laser cutting parameters and workpiece parameters interact in order to identify general criteria and well-optimized process parameters which guarantee the kerf quality. The quality of laser cut was analyzed in its basic terms: kerf geometry, surface roughness and cut edge quality. The experiments were performed by using a systematic experimental design approach based on Design of Experiments, and the results were validated via Analysis of Variance. Quality assessment was presented and discussed. The visual inspection of cut sections confirms good overall quality and limited presence of laser cut imperfections. The experimental investigation demonstrates that the different materials can be successfully processed within a wide range of the tested values. In addition, optimum cutting conditions which satisfy the straight requirement of the quality standard adopted are identified for each material. This study involves an analysis of both phenomenological and practical issues.

scholarly journals Analysis of neodymium-doped yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser and experimental prospects for cutting micro-thin black walnut veneers in industry

BioResources ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 2416-2432
Author(s):  
Bakary S. Doumbia ◽  
Chunmei Yang ◽  
Yan Ma ◽  
Ting Jiang ◽  
Xiang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Process Parameters ◽  
Laser Power ◽  
Laser Cutting ◽  
Yttrium Aluminum Garnet ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Black Walnut ◽  
Kerf Width ◽  
Machining Parameters ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Cut Surface

By structurally and practically analyzing the use of Nd: YAG laser for cutting black walnut veneer, this study considered practical and environmental concerns regarding the global warming protection measures. A numerical model of laser wood veneer cutting was based on the relation between process parameters and the material thickness. A pulsed Nd: YAG was used to cut black walnut veneer of 0.3 mm thickness under different machining conditions regarding laser power and cutting speed to study the cut kerf width. An analysis of variance was conducted to test the significance of machining parameters. The parameters studied were laser power, cutting speed, kerf width, cut surface, safety, and eco-friendliness. The results showed that the kerf width decreased significantly with increased cut speed and, inversely, by laser output power. An efficient cut with a narrow kerf, clean and smooth, with less burn, was possible at laser cutting speeds of 2.5, 5.0, and 5.5 mm/s with kerf widths of 0.544, 0.69, 0.62 mm, respectively. As multiple factors affect the micro-thin wood laser cutting process, finding the optimal process parameters is crucial for successful machining with no burn effect.

Parametric investigation and modelling of hardness and surface quality in CO2 laser cutting process of AISI 314 Stainless steel

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 101-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Senthilkumar ◽  
G. Jayaprakash
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Surface Quality ◽  
Co2 Laser ◽  
Laser Power ◽  
Laser Cutting ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Cutting Parameters ◽  
Manufacturing Method ◽  
Kerf Taper

Laser cutting is the popular unconventional manufacturing method widely used to cut various engineering materials. In this work CO2 laser cutting of AISI 314 satinless steel has been investigated. This paper focus on the investigation into the effect of laser cutting parameters like laser power, assist gas pressure, cutting speed and stand-off distance on surface roughness, hardness and kerf dimensions like kerf width, kerf ratio and kerf taper in CO2 laser cutting of AISI 314 stainless steel.

scholarly journals Investigation on the Surface Quality Obtained during Trochoidal Milling of 6082 Aluminum Alloy

Machines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Nikolaos E. Karkalos ◽  
Panagiotis Karmiris-Obratański ◽  
Szymon Kurpiel ◽  
Krzysztof Zagórski ◽  
Angelos P. Markopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Surface Quality ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
High Surface Quality ◽  
Trochoidal Milling

Surface quality has always been an important goal in the manufacturing industry, as it is not only related to the achievement of appropriate geometrical tolerances but also plays an important role in the tribological behavior of the surface as well as its resistance to fatigue and corrosion. Usually, in order to achieve sufficiently high surface quality, process parameters, such as cutting speed and feed, are regulated or special types of cutting tools are used. In the present work, an alternative strategy for slot milling is adopted, namely, trochoidal milling, which employs a more complex trajectory for the cutting tool. Two series of experiments were initially conducted with traditional and trochoidal milling under various feed and cutting speed values in order to evaluate the capabilities of trochoidal milling. The findings showed a clear difference between the two milling strategies, and it was shown that the trochoidal milling strategy is able to provide superior surface quality when the appropriate process parameters are also chosen. Finally, the effect of the depth of cut, coolant and trochoidal stepover on surface roughness during trochoidal milling was also investigated, and it was found that lower depths of cut, the use of coolant and low values of trochoidal stepover can lead to a considerable decrease in surface roughness.

scholarly journals STUDY OF AUXILIARY GAS PRESSURE ON LASER CUTTING TECHNOLOGY

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 163
Author(s):  
Lyubomir Lazov ◽  
Hristina Deneva ◽  
Erika Teirumnieka
Keyword(s):  
Laser Power ◽  
Laser Cutting ◽  
Sheet Steel ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Major Effect ◽  
Gas Pressure ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Focus Position ◽  
Angle Deviation ◽  
Basic Parameters

Two types of electrical sheet steel M250-35A and M530-50A were used to cut by melting with a TruLaser 1030 technological system. It was observed that pressure of auxiliary gas had a major effect on kerf width b and cut angle deviation α. Nitrogen as an assisted gas has been taken. The basic parameters as laser power, cutting speed, focus position were constantly supported and the pressure was changed from 4 bar to 20 bar by step 2 bar. As well as the experimental results of gas pressure on entrance and exit kerf widths, have been analyzed and discussed in this study.

Analysis of process efficiency in laser fusion cutting and some single- and multi-objective optimization aspects

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440892110627
Author(s):  
Miloš Madić ◽  
Mohamed H Gadallah ◽  
Dušan Petković
Keyword(s):  
Laser Power ◽  
Laser Cutting ◽  
Optimization Problem ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Process Efficiency ◽  
Laser Fusion ◽  
Cut Quality ◽  
Dross Formation ◽  
Laser Fusion Cutting

For an efficient use of laser cutting technology, it is of great importance to analyze the impact of process parameters on different performance indicators, such as cut quality criteria, productivity criteria, costs as well as environmental performance criteria (energy and resource efficiency). Having this in mind, this study presents the experimental results of CO2 laser fusion cutting of AISI 304 stainless steel using nitrogen, with the aim of developing a semi-empirical mathematical model for the estimation of process efficiency as an important indicator of the achievable energy transfer efficiency in the cutting process. The model was developed by relating the theoretical power needed to melt the volume per unit time and used laser power, where the change of kerf width was modeled using an empirical power model in terms of laser cutting parameters such as laser power, cutting speed, and focus position. The obtained results indicated the dominant effect of the focus position on the change in process efficiency, followed by the cutting speed and laser power. In addition, in order to maximize process efficiency and simultaneously ensure high cut quality without dross formation, a laser cutting optimization problem with constraints was formulated and solved. Also, a multi-objective optimization problem aimed at simultaneous optimization of process efficiency and material removal rate was formulated and solved, where the determined set of Pareto non-dominated solutions was analyzed by using the entropy method and multi-criteria decision analysis method, that is, the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution. The optimization results revealed that in order to enhance process efficiency and material removal rate, while ensuring high cut quality without dross formation, focusing the laser beam deep into the bulk of material is needed with particular trade-offs between laser power and cutting speed levels at high pressure levels of nitrogen.

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