EVALUATION OF TOXIOLOGICAL INDICATORS OF MONTHMORRILLONITE CLAY FOR THE PURPOSE OF USING THEM AS ALUMOSILICATE SOBENT AGAINST THE NEGATIVE EFFECT OF MYCOTOXINS ON THE BODY OF ANIMALS AND BIRDS

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-78
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
The Body ◽  
Montmorillonite Clay ◽  
Test Substance ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Eyelid Edema ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Mucous Membranes ◽  
Negative Effect

The article presents the results of laboratory studies to assess the toxicological parameters of montmorillonite clay from the Pogadaevskoye deposit in the West Kazakhstan region in order to use them as an aluminosilicate sorbent in the composition of feeds that reduce the negative effects of mycotoxins on the body of animals and birds. The relevance of research is associated with the cultivation of healthy and highly productive animals and poultry in order to ensure the food security of the Republic of Kazakhstan.The studies carried out to assess the toxicological parameters of montmorillonite clay in order to use them as an aluminosilicate sorbent in experimental animals (rabbits and white rats) allowed the following results to be obtained: Visual study of the intensity of erythema when exposed to the test substance on the skin of rabbits showed their absence (0 points). The study of the intensity of edema (an increase in the thickness of the skin clutch of rabbits) when exposed to the test substance on the skin of rabbits showed no reaction (0 points). Studies evaluating the irritating effect of the test substances on the mucous membranes of the eyes of rabbits by symptoms of damage showed the absence of hyperemia (0 points). Weak eyelid edema (1 point), the minimum amount of discharge in the corner of the eye (1 point). The results of studies on the classification assessment of the test substance for the severity of the irritant effect on the eyes of rabbits showed that the average total score of the severity of the irritative effect corresponds to 1 point. A comprehensive analysis of the results obtained on the basis of scientific and experimental studies to assess the toxicological indicators of montmorillonite clay from the Pogadaevskoye deposit in relation to irritating effects on the skin and mucous membranes of experimental animals (rabbits) showed their harmlessness.

scholarly journals Toxicity assessment of a technical product of the triazole class

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (11) ◽  
pp. 1276-1279
Author(s):  
Valery N. Rakitskii ◽  
Tatiana M. Epishina ◽  
Elena G. Chkhvirkiya
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Acute Oral Toxicity ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
High Biological Activity ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Technical Product ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Toxicological Studies

Introduction. Historically, pesticides are evaluated more strictly from a medical point of view than other chemicals. Since their features, such as deliberate introduction into the environment, the possibility of contact with them by large masses of the population, and the high biological activity determine their potential danger to humans. Purpose of research - study of the biological effect of a technical product derived from triazoles when it is repeatedly ingested orally in mammals (rats), establishment of inactive and active doses, justification of the permissible daily dose (DSD) for humans. Material and methods. In acute experiments, white rats were used, including 6 animals in the group. Tested dose: 500-4000 mg/kg of body weight. A chronic (12 months) experiment was performed on 80 male rats with a bodyweight of 180-190 g at the beginning of the study. Tested doses: 5.0; 16.0 and 55.0 mg/kg of body weight (1 control and 3 experimental animals, 20 individuals each). In the dynamics of the experiment, we observed the condition and behavior of animals, water, and food consumption, recorded the timing of death, changes in body weight, physiological, biochemical, and hematological indices. Results. Indices of the acute oral toxicity on the studied product LD50 male rats were 2250 ± 483 mg/kg body weight. The dose of 5.0 mg / kg of body weight was not found to cause significant changes in all studied indices. The doses of 16.0 and 55.0 mg/kg of body weight had a polytropic effect on the body in experimental animals. Discussion. The studied product for the acute oral toxicity refers to low-hazard compounds, the doses of 16.0 and 55.0 mg/kg of body weight has a polytropic effect on the mammalian body, causing changes in carbohydrate, lipid, and lipoprotein metabolism in the body of rats - was accepted as acting. The dose of 5.0 mg / kg of body weight, when administered in rats, there are no changes in all the studied parameters throughout the experiment, is accepted as invalid. Based on the inactive dose-5.0 mg/kg of body weight and taking into account the reserve factor of 100, we have scientifically justified DSD for a person at the level of 0.05 mg/kg. Summary. The conducted sanitary and Toxicological studies indicate the need to assess the toxicity of new technical products to the mammalian body, to increase the reliability of the developed hygiene standards in environmental objects and food products.

To the doctrine of the intravital coloration of the reticuloendothelial system in experimental animals

1930 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 438-438
Author(s):  
L. I. Vilensky
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Reticuloendothelial System ◽  
The Body ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Medical Societies ◽  
Physiological Properties ◽  
Reticulo Endothelial System

Meetings of medical societies. Society of Physicians at Kazan University. General Sessions Session 4 March 1930 L.I. Vilensky. Towards the doctrine of the intravital coloration of the reticuloendothelial system in experimental animals. On the basis of a study of 267 animals of various species (rabbits, rats, pigs, white mice, white rats and dogs) the vivo coloring of trypanblau, pyrrholblau, carmine and collargol, the author comes to the following conclusions: 1) All active cellular elements of the indifferent connective tissue that has retained the embryonic properties of the mesenchyme. 2) Teaching-Aschoff's, in the light of intravital coloration, should be expanded, as the teaching of an active mesenchyme, scattered throughout the body, but united by common physiological properties. 3) The process of gradual absorption of colloidal paint in individual elements of the reticulo-endothelial system has a certain pattern, which is exactly the same in different animals.

scholarly journals Features of morphological changes in the thyroid gland of white male rats 1 day after thermal trauma of the skin on the background of the introduction of 0.9 % NaCl solution

2019 ◽  
pp. 55-59
Author(s):  
O. I. Tiron
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
White Male ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
The Body ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Nacl Solution ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Thermal Trauma

Despite the fact that the main pathogenetic factor in the development of burn disease is the alteration of the skin, the severity of the condition of patients in the acute period of the disease is due to systemic changes in the body caused by thermal factor. Being a powerful stress factor, severe burns are accompanied by activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary system. Although thyroid hormones are not considered typical "stress hormones", they also play a role in maintaining vasomotor function under stress. The question of thyroid dysfunction on the background of burn injury remains debatable, and scientific data on its morphological and ultramicroscopic changes are quite limited. The aim of the work is to establish microscopic and submicroscopic changes of the thyroid gland of experimental animals in the stage of shock after thermal trauma of the skin. Experimental studies were performed on 12 white adult male rats, which received a thermal burn of the skin of 2-3 degrees with a lesion area of 21-23 % of the skin. An infusion of 0.9 % NaCl solution at a dose of 10 ml/kg was performed into the inferior vena cava. Collection of material for histological and electron microscopic examinations was performed according to generally accepted methods. Histological specimens were examined using a MIKROmed SEO SCAN light microscope and photo-documented using a Vision CCD Camera with an image output system from histological specimens. Ultrathin sections made on an ultramicrotome UMPT-7 were contrasted with uranyl acetate, lead citrate according to the Reynolds method and studied under an electron microscope PEM-125K. Conducted micro- and submicroscopic studies of the structural components of the thyroid gland a day after the reproduction of thermal trauma to the skin on the background of the introduction of 0.9 % NaCl solution revealed reactive adjunctive-compensatory changes and initial manifestations of destruction. Vascular, stromal and parenchymal components of the organ in the stage of shock after burns correspond to the state of "stress" as a reaction to pathological exogenous exposure, and the intensification of metabolic processes in the affected organism of experimental animals.

scholarly journals Impact of Protein Diet Supplements on Athletes

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Mohammad Athar
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Growth ◽  
The Body ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Protein Supplements ◽  
Diet Supplements ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Protein Diets ◽  
Day By Day

Protein supplements are one of the most commonly consumed nutritional supplements, whether by professional athletes or amateurs, even by those who use them for aesthetic purposes instead of sporting ones. The thirst for becoming better is increasing day by day and so is the quest for competition. Sports have been one of the greatest of platforms to showcase one’s talent, thus leading to constant hustle for getting better day by day. To improve the performance, diet and physical appearance of the body i.e. muscle growth of athletes, sports nutrient products are developed. The use of these protein supplements in diet has increased the physiological requirement of protein but whether the use of these supplements is having positive or negative effect on the host is still a topic of debate for many. Large amount of protein derived constituents end up in the large intestine in case of high protein diets as compared to medium or low protein diets, leading to more bacterial amino acid metabolism in colon having positive as well as negative effects on the host. We, here, will try to summarize the impact of protein diet supplements on athletes.

scholarly journals Biological effects of oxygen-enriched drinking water. Review. Part 2

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
Jurii A. Rakhmanin ◽  
Natalija A. Egorova ◽  
Rufina I. Mihajlova ◽  
Irina N. Ryzhova ◽  
Marina G. Kochetkova
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Biological Effect ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
The Body ◽  
Molecular Response ◽  
Oxygen Homeostasis ◽  
Generalized Peritonitis ◽  
Negative Effect

Human life on Earth depends on the continuous availability of oxygen. Conditions for the entry of oxygen into the body’s cells change in time and space, are easily broken, thus causing the possibility of development of hypoxia - a condition of oxygen starvation of tissues. The second part of the review is devoted to information about the successful use of oxygen-rich water in domestic therapeutic and surgical practice in complex treatment to reduce the negative effect of hypoxia in patients with chronic heart failure and generalized peritonitis complicated by intestinal insufficiency syndrome. Authors consider a common method for improving the supply of oxygen to the body using enteral oxygen therapy - oxygen cocktails in diseases of the cardiovascular system, lungs, bronchi and gastrointestinal tract, atopic dermatitis, placental insufficiency, as well as to improve physical performance, reduce the level of neuroticism and normalize the psychoemotional status. The first part of the review provides data on the modern understanding processes providing oxygen homeostasis in cells, on the critical component responsible for regulating the molecular response to hypoxia - the Hypoxia-Inducible Factors (HIFs) of the family of transcription factors. The possibility to compensate for the lack of oxygen in the body by delivering it to cells and tissues was indicated to consider water and various oxygen cocktails. Data from experimental studies of the biological effect of oxygenated drinking water are analyzed, as well as the results of studying the effects of oxygen-enriched drinking water with the participation of volunteers. The issue of the formation of oxygen (free) radicals when drinking oxygen-enriched drinking water is considered. The review draws specialist’s attention to the problem of the biological effect of oxygen-enriched drinking water, its insufficient knowledge and the possible yet unrealized potential in terms of preventing various diseases and maintaining optimal human health.

scholarly journals The Effect of Black Garlic (Allium sativum Linn) on Cardiac and Aortic Histopathology in Experimental Studies in Obesity Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-68
Author(s):  
Andreas Arie Setiawan ◽  
Fairuz Azmila Purnomo ◽  
Vega Karlowee ◽  
Noor Wijayahadi
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Optimal Dose ◽  
The Body ◽  
Heart Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
White Rats

ABSTRACTBackground: Obesity is a disorder or disease characterized by the accumulation of excess fat in the body due to an imbalance in energy intake that is used for a long time. Accumulation of fat can reduce adiponectin, causing cardiac hypertrophy, endothelial vasodilation, and other cardiovascular diseases. Black garlic have high antioxidants in the form of S-Allylcysteine(SAC) which functions to increase adiponectin. Objective: To determine the effect of Black garlic on the histopathological picture of the heart and aorta of obese rats. Methods: This study was an experimental study with a randomized post-test only design with control group design with 5 groups of male white rats Sprague Dawley (Rattus novergicus) fed High Fat Fructose. Diet (HFFD) enriched with 1.25% cholesterol and 0.5% cholic acid for 8 weeks and was given black garlic intervention at doses of 450 mg / 200BW, 900mg / 200BW and 1350mg200 / BW for 4 weeks. Results: Giving black garlic significantly reduced body weight of rats (p = 0.001), and the results did not significantly reduce heart weight (p = 0.147), aortic weight (p = 0.061), histopathological changes in heart wall thickness (p = 0.423) and aortic wall thickness (p = 0.802). The effective doses of black garlic in this study were 450 mg / 200 grams BW, 900 mg / 200 grams rat BW and 1350 mg / 200 grams BW of rats. The optimal dose is 900 mg / 200 grams BW. Conclusion: Black garlic gave a significant reduction in body weight of rats and no significant reduction in heart weight, aortic weight, cardiac and aortic histopathological features. 

THE EFFECT OF THE FEED ADDITIVE L-CYSTEINE ON THE PHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF WHITE RATS

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 328-334
Author(s):  
V.I. Dorozhkin ◽  
◽  
G.I. Pavlenko ◽  
N.S. Pavlova ◽  
D.A. Drozdov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Physiological Parameters ◽  
The Body ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Physical Strength ◽  
Sh Groups ◽  
White Rats

Physiological parameters of l-cysteine intake into the organism of white rats in the amount of 5 and 10 g/kg of feed were studied. As a result of the studies the negative effects of the drug on the body of animals was not observed. Weight gain and increase of efficiency indicate an increase in the physical strength of the body of animals. An increase in the serum content of total SH-groups indicates the antioxidant properties of the drug.

scholarly journals Short-term perioperative parecoxib is not detrimental to shaft fracture healing in a rat model

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 472-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geir A. Hjorthaug ◽  
Endre Søreide ◽  
Lars Nordsletten ◽  
Jan E. Madsen ◽  
Finn P. Reinholt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Healing ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Bending Moment ◽  
Shaft Fracture ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Administration ◽  
Negative Effect

Objectives Experimental studies indicate that non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may have negative effects on fracture healing. This study aimed to assess the effect of immediate and delayed short-term administration of clinically relevant parecoxib doses and timing on fracture healing using an established animal fracture model. Methods A standardized closed tibia shaft fracture was induced and stabilized by reamed intramedullary nailing in 66 Wistar rats. A ‘parecoxib immediate’ (Pi) group received parecoxib (3.2 mg/kg bodyweight twice per day) on days 0, 1, and 2. A ‘parecoxib delayed’ (Pd) group received the same dose of parecoxib on days 3, 4, and 5. A control group received saline only. Fracture healing was evaluated by biomechanical tests, histomorphometry, and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) at four weeks. Results For ultimate bending moment, the median ratio between fractured and non-fractured tibia was 0.61 (interquartile range (IQR) 0.45 to 0.82) in the Pi group, 0.44 (IQR 0.42 to 0.52) in the Pd group, and 0.50 (IQR 0.41 to 0.75) in the control group (n = 44; p = 0.068). There were no differences between the groups for stiffness, energy, deflection, callus diameter, DXA measurements (n = 64), histomorphometrically osteoid/bone ratio, or callus area (n = 20). Conclusion This study demonstrates no negative effect of immediate or delayed short-term administration of parecoxib on diaphyseal fracture healing in rats. Cite this article: G. A. Hjorthaug, E. Søreide, L. Nordsletten, J. E. Madsen, F. P. Reinholt, S. Niratisairak, S. Dimmen. Short-term perioperative parecoxib is not detrimental to shaft fracture healing in a rat model. Bone Joint Res 2019;8:472–480. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.810.BJR-2018-0341.R1.

scholarly journals EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF TOXIC EFFECTS’ OF METALLIC NANOPARTICLES AT IRON AND NONFERROUS INDUSTRIES AND RISK ASSESSMENT FOR WORKERS` HEALTH

2019 ◽  
Vol 96 (12) ◽  
pp. 1182-1187
Author(s):  
Marina P. Sutunkova
Keyword(s):  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Metallic Nanoparticles ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Intratracheal Instillation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Chemical Additives ◽  
Iron Oxide Particles ◽  
Industrial Dust ◽  
White Rats

The paper summarizes main results of our toxicological “in vivo“ experiments on white rats exposed to either a) a single intratracheal instillation of silver, gold, iron oxide, copper oxide, nickel oxide, manganese oxide, zinc oxide and lead oxide nanoparticles (NPs) in stable water suspensions without any chemical additives, b) repeated intraperitoneal injections the same NPs, c) low-level long-term inhalation exposure to the iron oxide nano-aerosol. We found these NPs to be much more noxious on both cellular and systemic levels as compared with their one micrometer or even submicron counterparts. The retention and distribution of metal and metal oxide NPs in the body are controlled by both physiological and physicochemical processes, depended on both cytotoxicity and solubility in biological milieus (inherent in different NPs to varying degrees). The relative contributions of these processes to the toxicokinetics are various for different NPs, and specifically for iron oxide particles of an average diameter not exceeding 20 nm, which were studied in the chronic inhalation experiment, the role of the dissolution predominates. Our data were first to testify to the high activity of the macrophagic and neutrophillic pulmonary phagocytosis of NPs deposited in airways. This fact suggests safe levels of exposure to airborne nanoparticles to be possible in principle but should be much lower if compared with established ones for respective micrometric industrial dust.

ECOLOGICAL AND HYGIENIC INVESTIGATION OF THE ADAPTOGENIC HERBAL PRODUCTS TO INCREASE RESISTANCE OF THE ORGANISM TO CONDITIONS OF LOW AND HIGH TEMPERATURES

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (61) ◽  
pp. 46-51
Author(s):  
Литовченко ◽  
Ekaterina Litovchenko ◽  
Коршунова ◽  
Natalya Korshunova ◽  
Доровских ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Malonic Dialdehyde ◽  
Antioxidant Effect ◽  
The Body ◽  
Diene Conjugates ◽  
Herbal Products ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Methodological Approaches

The purpose of this research was to study the possibility of using of food products from a mixture of Hypericum perforatum (HP) and Rhodiola rosea (RR) for the stimulation of the body´s compensatory responses to the conditions of high and low temperatures. Experiments have been conducted on experimental animals (150 white mongrel rats) in accordance with generally accepted methodological approaches. Antioxidant effects in the organism of white rats have been studied at the initiation of the processes of lipid peroxidation by the introduction of carbon tetrachloride. We were determined the products of lipid peroxidation (diene conjugates, hydroperoxides of lipids, malonic dialdehyde) for the evaluation of antioxidant effect in accordance with generally accepted methodological approaches. Researches of cold and heat adaptation reactions of experimental animals have been conducted by using the model of a long cold and heat action with appropriate climatic chambers. It was established experimentally that in doses of 150-300 mg/kg daily of the studied mixture has a strong antioxidant effect in the conditions of cold and heat stress on warm-blooded organism. The research allows to recommend a mixture of HP and RR as а regulator of adaptive reactions of the organism when exposed to low and high temperatures.

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