The Influence of the Mineral Composition of Alcoholic Beverages of Grape Origin on their Bottling Resistance

2021 ◽  
pp. 11-13
Author(s):  
Дарья Владиславовна Андриевская ◽  
Екатерина Владимировна Ульянова
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Composition ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Additional Costs ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
The Stability

В настоящее время известны основные причины формирования различных видов помутнений в спиртных напитках виноградного происхождения. В значительной степени изучены компоненты образующихся при этом осадков. Вместе с тем одна из часто возникающих проблем современного производства заключается в потере стабильности продукции при транспортировании и хранении, что влечет дополнительные расходы предприятий по возврату и технологическим обработкам забракованной продукции. Целью настоящей работы стало сравнительное исследование минерального состава обработанных коньяков и их стабильности к различным видам помутнений. Объекты исследований - образцы обработанных коньяков отечественного производства, которые были разделены в зависимости от возраста на четыре группы: 1 группа - 3-летние, 4-летние и 5-летние; 2 группа - выдержанные «КВ» и выдержанные высшего качества «КВВК»; 3 группа - старые «КС», 4 группа - очень старые «ОС». На 1-м этапе было проведено исследование физико-химических и органолептических показателей продукции. В результате установлено, что все образцы соответствовали требованиям ГОСТ 31732-2014. Тесты на склонность к различным видам помутнений показали стабильность образцов к обратимым коллоидным, белковым и кальциевым помутнениям. Установлено, что качественный состав минеральных веществ обработанных коньяков различного возраста идентичен. При этом массовая концентрация отдельных компонентов варьирует в широком диапазоне. Доля образцов обработанных коньяков, в которых были превышены уровни концентраций отдельных ионов, гарантирующих стабильность продукции, составила в среднем 15%. Сравнительный анализ количественного состава катионов и анионов в обработанных коньяках дает основание предположить, что образцы с высоким содержанием ионов Са2+, Na+ и SO42- имеют высокий риск потери стабильности в дальнейшем. Таким образом, результаты проведенных исследований показали необходимость совершенствования методики определения склонности коньяков к различным видам помутнений в части расширения контролируемых показателей. Currently, the main reasons for the formation of various types of turbidity in alcoholic beverages of grape origin are known. The components of the precipitation formed during this process have been studied to a large extent. At the same time, one of the frequently occurring problems of modern production is the loss of product stability during transportation and storage, which entails additional costs for enterprises to return and process rejected products. The purpose of this work was a comparative study of the mineral composition of processed cognacs and their stability to various types of turbidity. The objects of research were samples of processed cognacs of domestic production, which were divided depending on age into four groups: group 1 - three-year-old, four-year-old and five-year-old; group 2 - aged «KV» and aged of the highest quality «KVVK»; group 3 - old «KS», group 4 - very old «OS». At the first stage, a study of the physico-chemical and organoleptic parameters of the products was carried out. As a result, it was found that all samples met the requirements of GOST 31732-2014. Tests for the propensity to various types of turbidity showed the stability of the samples to reversible colloidal, protein and calcium turbidity. It is established that the qualitative composition of the minerals of processed cognacs of different ages is identical. At the same time, the mass concentration of individual components varies in a wide range. The share of samples of processed cognacs in which the concentration levels of individual ions guaranteeing the stability of products were exceeded averaged 15%. A comparative analysis of the quantitative composition of cations and anions in processed cognacs suggests that samples with a high content of Ca2+, Na+ and SO42- ions have a high risk of loss of stability in the future. Thus, the results of the conducted studies have shown the need to improve the methodology for determining the propensity of cognacs to various types of turbidity in terms of expanding the controlled indicators.

scholarly journals Do alcoholic beverages interfere in the force of orthodontic elastics?

2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matheus Melo PITHON ◽  
Jéssica Rocha BARRETTO ◽  
Camilla Souza Santos ANDRADE ◽  
Fernando Pereira de NOVAES ◽  
Murilo de Novaes LUZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Control Group Group ◽  
Group 1

Objective: To evaluate the effects of different alcoholic beverages on the decline in force of orthodontic elastics. Material and method: In a laboratory study, 6 groups of alcoholic beverages were tested. Control group (Group 1) was composed of distilled water. Experimental groups were Whisky (Group 2), Brandy (Group 3), Vodka (Group 4), Beer (Group 5), Sugar Cane Spirit/Rum (Group 6), Wine (Group 7). In the experimental groups, templates were used to enable elastics to be submerged in the alcoholic beverages for 30 seconds once a day. Force was measured with a digital dynamometer in six different time intervals: baseline, 1, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. Result: There were no significant differences between the treatments in the time intervals: baseline, 7, 14 and 28 days. There were statistical differences between Group 7 and the others in the first 24 hours, and between Group 1 and the others after 21 days. After 28 days, there were no significant differences in the force pattern among all groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: Alcoholic beverages had no influence on the decline in force of the chain elastics.

scholarly journals Evaluate the Protective Effect of Lactobacillus against Collateral Damage Induced by Ciprofloxacin and Levofloxacin in Iraqi Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-179
Author(s):  
Ali F. Hassan ◽  
Suha N. Muhsin
Keyword(s):  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Collateral Damage ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract:                                                                                                                Fluoroquinolones drugs are an important class of wide spectrum antibacterial agents, and active against a wide range of Gram-negative and Gram-positive pathogens, are divided into four generations. Collateral damage is a term used to refer to ecological adverse effects of antibiotic therapy, occurring as drug-resistant organisms and the unwanted development of colonization or infection with multidrug-resistant organisms. This damage is mostly related to levofloxacin and Ciprofloxacin.  Aim: The aim of the current study was to compare the incidence of collateral damage between two quinolone antibiotic derivatives (ciprofloxacin and Levofloxacin) and evaluate the activity of lactobacillus to reduce the collateral damage. Patients and Methods: This study was carried out on 100 patients. Administration of ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin each alone or in combination with lactobacillus, the character of diarrhea and grade of diarrhea was studied before and after 10 days of administration each dosing protocol. Results: there are a significant increase in the incidence of diarrhea for all groups when compare between before and after treatment diarrhea, Number of patients with diarrhea in group 1 after finish the treatment was not significantly higher when compared with group 2 (p>0.05) meanwhile number of patients with diarrhea in group 4 after finish the treatment was significantly lower when compared with group 3 (p>0.05). Conclusion; The use of ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin associated with incidence of collateral damage represented as diarrhea and levofloxacin is the least risk of this damage, and using of lactobacillus with levofloxacin was better results than the other three groups.     

Laryngotracheal Growth following Cricotracheal Resection Combined with Laminotomy

2003 ◽  
Vol 112 (8) ◽  
pp. 697-703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Weidenbecher ◽  
Kerstin Amann ◽  
Heinrich Iro
Keyword(s):  
Primary Anastomosis ◽  
Partial Resection ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cricotracheal Resection ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Effective Manner ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Control Group Group

Cricotracheal resection (CTR) has been shown to be successful in the treatment of pediatric subglottic stenosis. Whether CTR combined with posterior midline division or partial resection of the cricoid plate affects the stability and growth of the larynx is still questionable. The study included 24 infant female New Zealand White rabbits that were divided into 4 groups of 6 animals each. Group 1 was the unoperated control group. Group 2 underwent removal of three quarters of the anterior cricoid circumference, followed by a primary anastomosis (CTR). In addition to CTR, the rabbits in group 3 underwent a laminotomy by splitting of the cricoid plate midline. Group 4 underwent both CTR and partial resection of the lamina. No stents were used in this study. After 6 months, the experiment was terminated, and the following observations were made. Groups 2 and 3 presented a large and stable subglottic lumen, comparable to that of the control group. After partial cricoid plate resection, 4 of the rabbits in group 4 suffered from a subglottic collapse that caused an airway obstruction and resulted in death. These results support the conclusion that CTR alone, as well as combined with laminotomy, can be performed in a relatively safe and effective manner without interfering with the development of the larynx in young rabbits. Cricotracheal resection together with partial resection of the cricoid plate, however, leads to an unstable situation with an impaired airway.

Morphological Changes in the Rat Granulosa Cell Surface During Differentiation Induced by Estradiol and Gonadotropins

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 484-485
Author(s):  
P. Bagavandoss ◽  
JoAnne S. Richards ◽  
A. Rees Midgley
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
Granulosa Cell ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Follicular Development ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2

During follicular development in the mammalian ovary, several functional changes occur in the granulosa cells in response to steroid hormones and gonadotropins (1,2). In particular, marked changes in the content of membrane-associated receptors for the gonadotropins have been observed (1).We report here scanning electron microscope observations of morphological changes that occur on the granulosa cell surface in response to the administration of estradiol, human follicle stimulating hormone (hFSH), and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG).Immature female rats that were hypophysectcmized on day 24 of age were treated in the following manner. Group 1: control groups were injected once a day with 0.1 ml phosphate buffered saline (PBS) for 3 days; group 2: estradiol (1.5 mg/0.2 ml propylene glycol) once a day for 3 days; group 3: estradiol for 3 days followed by 2 days of hFSH (1 μg/0.1 ml) twice daily, group 4: same as in group 3; group 5: same as in group 3 with a final injection of hCG (5 IU/0.1 ml) on the fifth day.

Correlation of γ-radioactivity and Scanning Electron Microscopy in measurement of retention of 111Indium-labeled canine endothelial cells on synthetic vascular grafts

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 886-887
Author(s):  
E.J. Prendiville ◽  
S. Laliberté Verdon ◽  
K. E. Gould ◽  
K. Ramberg ◽  
R. J. Connolly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Vascular Grafts ◽  
Retention Data ◽  
Vascular Prostheses ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Human Fibronectin ◽  
Insufficient Time ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2

Endothelial cell (EC) seeding is postulated as a mechanism of improving patency in small caliber vascular grafts. However the majority of seeded EC are lost within 24 hours of restoration of blood flow in previous canine studies . We postulate that the cells have insufficient time to fully develop their attachment to the graft surface prior to exposure to hemodynamic stress. We allowed EC to incubate on fibronectin-coated ePTFE grafts for four different time periods after seeding and measured EC retention after perfusion in a canine ex vivo shunt circuit.Autologous canine EC, were enzymatically harvested, grown to confluence, and labeled with 30 μCi 111 Indium-oxine/80 cm 2 flask. Four groups of 5 cm x 4 mm ID ePTFE vascular prostheses were coated with 1.5 μg/cm.2 human fibronectin, and seeded with 1.5 x 105 EC/ cm.2. After seeding grafts in Group 1 were incubated in complete growth medium for 90 minutes, Group 2 were incubated for 24 hours, Group 3 for 72 hours and Group 4 for 6 days. Grafts were then placed in the canine ex vivo circuit, constructed between femoral artery and vein, and subjected to blood flow of 75 ml per minute for 6 hours. Continuous counting of γ-activity was made possible by placing the seeded graft inside the γ-counter detection crystal for the duration of perfusion. EC retention data after 30 minutes, 2 hours and 6 hours of flow are shown in the table.

In-vivo evaluation of the effect of cyanoacrylate on prosthetic vascular graft infection – does cyanoacrylate increase the severity of infection?

VASA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 281-284
Author(s):  
Atıf Yolgosteren ◽  
Gencehan Kumtepe ◽  
Melda Payaslioglu ◽  
Cuneyt Ozakin
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Graft ◽  
Graft Infection ◽  
Vascular Graft Infection ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Prosthetic Vascular Graft Infection ◽  
Group 1

Summary. Background: Prosthetic vascular graft infection (PVGI) is a complication with high mortality. Cyanoacrylate (CA) is an adhesive which has been used in a number of surgical procedures. In this in-vivo study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between PVGI and CA. Materials and methods: Thirty-two rats were equally divided into four groups. Pouch was formed on back of rats until deep fascia. In group 1, vascular graft with polyethyleneterephthalate (PET) was placed into pouch. In group 2, MRSA strain with a density of 1 ml 0.5 MacFarland was injected into pouch. In group 3, 1 cm 2 vascular graft with PET piece was placed into pouch and MRSA strain with a density of 1 ml 0.5 MacFarland was injected. In group 4, 1 cm 2 vascular graft with PET piece impregnated with N-butyl cyanoacrylate-based adhesive was placed and MRSA strain with a density of 1 ml 0.5 MacFarland was injected. All rats were scarified in 96th hour, culture samples were taken where intervention was performed and were evaluated microbiologically. Bacteria reproducing in each group were numerically evaluated based on colony-forming unit (CFU/ml) and compared by taking their average. Results: MRSA reproduction of 0 CFU/ml in group 1, of 1410 CFU/ml in group 2, of 180 200 CFU/ml in group 3 and of 625 300 CFU/ml in group 4 was present. A statistically significant difference was present between group 1 and group 4 (p < 0.01), between group 2 and group 4 (p < 0.01), between group 3 and group 4 (p < 0.05). In terms of reproduction, no statistically significant difference was found in group 1, group 2, group 3 in themselves. Conclusions: We observed that the rate of infection increased in the cyanoacyrylate group where cyanoacrylate was used. We think that surgeon should be more careful in using CA in vascular surgery.

Defensive activity of Hesperidin against Ciprofloxacin induced hepatic injury in rabbits.

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hawraa M. Murad ◽  
Tamadhur Hani Hussein ◽  
Audai Sulaiman Khudhair ◽  
Manal Muhi Murad ◽  
Jawad Kadhim Faris
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Local Breed ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Defensive Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

This study was conducted to find out hepatoprotective activity of hesperidin (HES) 100mg/kg body weight (b.w.) against ciprofloxacin (CPX) 100 mg/kg induced hepatotoxicity in local breed rabbits .CPX is a broad spectrum antibiotic used for treatment of many bacterial infections. Twenty four male rabbits were divided into four groups ,group1: control, (1 ml/kg Saline orally) group 2: CPX (100 mg/kg orally) for (14) consecutive days , group 3: HES (100 mg//kg) orally for (14) consecutive days group 4: CPX (100 mg/kg orally) plus HES (100 mg//kg orally ) for (14) consecutive days. All the rabbits were killed on the (15) day of the experiment, and then the blood, and livers samples were taken. CPX induced hepatotoxicity was proved by a significant (p less than 0.01) reduction in the body weight ,and a significant (p less than 0.01) increased serum aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT) , Malonaldehyde enzyme (MAD) and histopathological changes. Protective hepatic toxicity effect and oxidative damage caused by CPX significantly (p less than 0.01) increasing in body weight and significantly (p less than 0.01) decreasing AST , ALT, MAD and improving tissue morphology in HES (100 mg//kg) . These results assure that HES (100 mg//kg) antioxidant effects can protect CPX-induced hepatotoxicity in rabbits.

Does Perioperative Hemoglobin A1c Level Affect the Incidence, Pattern and Mortality of Lower Extremity Amputation?

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 354-364
Author(s):  
Hassan Al-Thani ◽  
Moamena El-Matbouly ◽  
Maryam Al-Sulaiti ◽  
Noora Al-Thani ◽  
Mohammad Asim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Hazard Ratio ◽  
Lower Extremity Amputation ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Extremity Amputation ◽  
Group 1

Background: We hypothesized that perioperative HbA1c influenced the pattern and outcomes of Lower Extremity Amputation (LEA). Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted for all patients who underwent LEA between 2000 and 2013. Patients were categorized into 5 groups according to their perioperative HbA1c values [Group 1 (<6.5%), Group 2 (6.5-7.4%), Group 3 (7.5-8.4%), Group 4 (8.5-9.4%) and Group 5 (≥9.5%)]. We identified 848 patients with LEA; perioperative HbA1c levels were available in 547 cases (Group 1: 18.8%, Group 2: 17.7%, Group 3: 15.0%, Group 4: 13.5% and Group 5: 34.9%). Major amputation was performed in 35%, 32%, 22%, 10.8% and 13.6%, respectively. Results: The overall mortality was 36.5%; of that one quarter occurred during the index hospitalization. Mortality was higher in Group 1 (57.4%) compared with Groups 2-5 (46.9%, 38.3%, 36.1% and 31.2%, respectively, p=0.001). Cox regression analysis showed that poor glycemic control (Group 4 and 5) had lower risk of mortality post-LEA [hazard ratio 0.57 (95% CI 0.35-0.93) and hazard ratio 0.46 (95% CI 0.31-0.69)]; this mortality risk persisted even after adjustment for age and sex but was statistically insignificant. The rate of LEA was greater among poor glycemic control patients; however, the mortality was higher among patients with tight control. Conclusion: The effects of HbA1c on the immediate and long-term LEA outcomes and its therapeutic implications need further investigation.

Association between cervical disc disease and lesions of multiple sclerosis

2021 ◽  
pp. 197140092098356
Author(s):  
Marwan Alkrenawi ◽  
Michael Osherov ◽  
Azaria Simonovich ◽  
Jonathan Droujin ◽  
Ron Milo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Cervical Disc ◽  
Cervical Disc Disease ◽  
Disc Disease ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Demyelinating Lesions ◽  
Grade Ii ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Background Cervical discopathy and demyelinating lesions often co-exist in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Our study examines the possible association between these two pathologies. Methods Medical records and cervical magnetic resonance imaging scans of MS patients with cervical discopathy who were seen at our MS clinic during 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. The severity of the disc disease was classified as grade I (no compression), grade II (compression of the dural sac) and grade III (cord compression). The spinal cord in each scan was divided into six segments corresponding to the intervertebral space of the spine (C1–C6). Each segment was defined as containing demyelinating lesion and disc pathology (group 1), demyelinating lesion without disc pathology (group 2), disc pathology without demyelinating lesion (group 3) and no demyelinating lesion or disc pathology (group 4). Fisher’s exact test was used to test the association between demyelinating lesions and disc pathology. Results Thirty-four MS patients with cervical discopathy were included in the study (26 females; average age 42.9 ± 13.7 years; average disease duration 8.4 ± 5.4 years). A total of 204 spinal cord segments were evaluated. Twenty-four segments were classified as group 1, 27 segments as group 2, 52 segments as group 3 and 101 segments as group 4. There was no association between demyelinating lesions and the grade of disc disease ( p = 0.1 for grade I, p = 0.3 for grade II and p = 1 for grade III disc disease). Conclusion Our study did not find any association between cervical disc disease and demyelinating spinal cord lesion.

scholarly journals Association between serum oestradiol level on the hCG administration day and neonatal birthweight after IVF-ET among 3659 singleton live births

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Liu ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
Wanyu Zhang ◽  
Yihong Guo
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Ovarian Stimulation ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 6 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ivf Et ◽  
Group 1

AbstractOestradiol, an important hormone in follicular development and endometrial receptivity, is closely related to clinical outcomes of fresh in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) cycles. A supraphysiologic E2 level is inevitable during controlled ovarian hyper-stimulation (COH), and its effect on the outcome of IVF-ET is controversial. The aim of this retrospective study is to evaluate the association between elevated serum oestradiol (E2) levels on the day of human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) administration and neonatal birthweight after IVF-ET cycles. The data of 3659 infertile patients with fresh IVF-ET cycles were analysed retrospectively between August 2009 and February 2017 in First Hospital of Zhengzhou University. Patients were categorized by serum E2 levels on the day of hCG administration into six groups: group 1 (serum E2 levels ≤ 1000 pg/mL, n = 230), group 2 (serum E2 levels between 1001 and 2000 pg/mL, n = 524), group 3 (serum E2 levels between 2001 and 3000 pg/mL, n = 783), group 4 (serum E2 levels between 3001 and 4000 pg/mL, n = 721), group 5 (serum E2 levels between 4001 and 5000 pg/mL, n = 548 ), and group 6 (serum E2 levels > 5000 pg/mL, n = 852). Univariate linear regression was used to evaluate the independent correlation between each factor and outcome index. Multiple logistic regression was used to adjust for confounding factors. The LBW rates were as follows: 3.0% (group 1), 2.9% (group 2), 1.9% (group 3), 2.9% (group 4), 2.9% (group 5), and 2.0% (group 6) (P = 0.629), respectively. There were no statistically significant differences in the incidences of neonatal LBW among the six groups. We did not detect an association between peak serum E2 level during ovarian stimulation and neonatal birthweight after IVF-ET. The results of this retrospective cohort study showed that serum E2 peak levels during ovarian stimulation were not associated with birth weight during IVF cycles. In addition, no association was found between higher E2 levels and increased LBW risk. Our observations suggest that the hyper-oestrogenic milieu during COS does not seem to have adverse effects on the birthweight of offspring after IVF. Although this study provides some reference, the obstetric-related factors were not included due to historical reasons. The impact of the high estrogen environment during COS on the birth weight of IVF offspring still needs future research.

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