scholarly journals Prevalence of hypercholesterolemia in young people under 45 years old with abdominal obesity in Novosibirsk

2022 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 48-54
Author(s):  
A. N. Spiridonov ◽  
D. V. Denisova ◽  
Y. I. Ragino
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Young People ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Maternity Leave ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Young Population

The study was devoted to the study of the prevalence of hypercholesterolemia (hyper-Chol) and hypercholesterolemia of low density lipoproteins (hyper-LDL-C) against the background of abdominal obesity (AO) in a population aged 25–44 years in Novosibirsk. Material and methods. A crosssectional survey of the population aged 25–44 years in Novosibirsk (Russia) was carried out. 1415 people were examined, including 670 men (47.3 %) and 745 women (52.7 %), pregnant women or being on maternity leave were not included in the study). All subjects were assessed for the presence of AO, hyper-Chol and hyper-LDL-C. Results. Individuals with AO had higher average values of total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol. The prevalence of hyper-Chol in individuals with AO was 1.3 times higher and hyper-LDL-C – 1.2 times higher than in individuals without AO. In women with AO, the prevalence of hyper-Chol was 1.2 times higher and hyper-LDL-C – 1.3 times higher than in women without AO. In men with AO, the prevalence of hyper-Chol was 1.4 times higher and hyper-LDL-C – 1.2 times higher than in men without AO. When conducting logistic regression analysis, it was found that in a young population under 45 years of age, abdominal obesity was significantly associated with the presence of atherogenic hypercholesterolemia in both sexes. In men, significant associations of AO with both hyper-Chol and hyper-LDL-C were noted, in women – only with hyper-LDL-C. Conclusions. A population study of young people (25–44 years old) revealed associations of atherogenic hypercholesterolemia with abdominal obesity.

Changes in plasma lipids after a non-lethal dose of cycloheximide in rats

2003 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 245-248
Author(s):  
A Lucić ◽  
V Bradamante ◽  
M Peraica ◽  
B Radić ◽  
A-M Domijan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Apo B

This paper describes a study of the effect of a single intraperitoneal non-lethal dose of cycloheximide (CHM; 2.0 mg/kg body weight) on the concentration of plasma lipids and lipoproteins in male rats killed one, two, three, four and nine days after receiving the dose. The concentration of triglycerides, total cholesterol, high-density lipoproteins (HDL)-cholesterol and low-density lipoproteins (LDL)-cholesterol was measured in treated and control animals. The effect of CHM on the concentration of triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol was visible in rat plasma throughout the study. Total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol concentrations showed the same pattern of changes, probably due to the reversible inhibition of apolipoprotein apo A-I synthesis by CHM. The concentration of triglycerides decreased after a lag period of three days when the reserves of apolipoprotein apo B, the main apolipoprotein of very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL)-cholesterols produced in the liver, were consumed.

scholarly journals E-cigarettes and smoking in Irish teens: a logistic regression analysis of current (past 30-day) use of e-cigarettes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan Hanafin ◽  
Salome Sunday ◽  
Luke Clancy
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Young People ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Cigarette Smokers ◽  
Familial Support ◽  
School Survey ◽  
Binge Drinkers ◽  
Alcohol And Other Drugs

Abstract Aim Electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use among Irish teenagers has risen significantly. In 2019, prevalence of current use (last 30 days) among 15–17-year-olds was 17.3%. We examine social determinants of adolescent e-cigarette current use. Subject and methods A stratified random sample of 50 schools in Ireland was surveyed in 2019, part of the European School Survey Project on Alcohol and other Drugs (ESPAD), with 3495 students aged 15, 16, and 17. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression [providing adjusted odds ratios (AORs)] analyses were performed using Stata version 16. Results Current e-cigarette users were more likely to be male (AOR = 0.55, 95% CI:0.32–0.96, p < .01), younger (AOR = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.17–0.67, p = < .05), to participate in sport (AOR = 2.21, 95% CI: 1.05–4.65, p < .05), to have higher-educated parents (maternal higher education: AOR = 27.54, 95% CI: 1.50–505.77, p = < .05, paternal higher education: AOR = 2.44, 95% CI: 1.00–5.91, p < .05), and less likely to consider their families better off (AOR = 0.29, 95% CI: 0.13–0.65, p < .01), or to report familial support (AOR = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.64–0.95, p < .05). They were more likely to be cigarette smokers (AOR = 7.22, 95% CI: 3.97–13.12, p < .001), to report problem cannabis use (AOR = 3.12, 95% CI: 1.40–6.93, p < .01), to be ‘binge’ drinkers (AOR = 1.81, 95% CI : 1.00–3.32, p = .054), and to have friends who get drunk (AOR = 5.30, 95% CI: 1.34–20.86, p < .05). Conclusion Boys, smokers, binge drinkers, problem cannabis users, and sport-playing teenagers from higher-educated families, are at particular risk. As the number of young people using e-cigarettes continues to rise, including teenagers who have never smoked, improved regulation of e-cigarettes, similar to other tobacco-related products, is needed urgently to prevent this worrying new trend of initiation into nicotine addiction.

Adsorption of Lipoprotein Containing Apolipoprotein-B through Plasma Separation for Treatment of Familial Hypercholesterolemia

1986 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 343-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Odaka ◽  
H. Kobayashi ◽  
K. Soeda ◽  
N. Murotani ◽  
Y. Saito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Familial Hypercholesterolemia ◽  
Apolipoprotein B ◽  
Clinical Results ◽  
Low Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Very Low Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Affinity Adsorbent ◽  
Excellent Selectivity

For the treatment of familial hypercholesterolemia, Liposorber LA-40 was clinically applied. The Liposorber is a commercially developed affinity adsorbent for plasma perfusion which selectivily adsorbs low density lipoproteins and very low density lipoproteins and is specially designed for plasmapheretic treatment of hypercholesterolemia. The Liposorber column, containing activated cellulose beads having an affinity for liporpotein containing apolipoprotein-B, has an excellent adsorption capacity, excellent selectivity, minimum albumin loss. This new apheresis system was applied to 2 clinical cases. After seven months of trial perfusion every 2 weeks, patient condition was good, with a level of total cholesterol under 300 mg/dl. No replacement fluids were given during or after treatment. In this paper, clinical results of these patients were shown and the mechanism of adsorption of this specific adsorbent was discussed.

Hypocholesterolemic effects of watermelon fruit rind on rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 836-845 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hind Abu-Hiamed
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Low Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Hepatic Tissue ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Hypocholesterolemic Effect ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fruit Rind

Purpose Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) fruit and its rind are known to contain phytochemicals that may have health benefits. The aim of this paper is to investigate the potential hypocholesterolemic effect of watermelon fruit rind (WR) using rats who are fed a high-cholesterol diet. Design/methodology/approach Rats were divided into six groups and fed diets for eight weeks containing normal control diet or normal control diet with either 1% cholesterol, 5% WR, 10% WR, 1% cholesterol + 5% WR or 1% cholesterol + 10% WR. Triglycerides, total cholesterol and lipoprotein levels in serum and liver samples were determined, and histopathological examination of liver tissues was carried out. Findings Diets containing 1% cholesterol led to hypercholesterolemia, characterized by increased levels of total cholesterol and low-density lipoproteins in rat serum and liver samples. Incorporation of 10% WR into the diet of the otherwise hypercholesterolemic rats led to significant reduction in serum levels of total cholesterol (from 266.2 to 222.7 mg/dL) and low-density lipoproteins (from 159.5 to 94.4 mg/dL). In addition, these rats also exhibited improvements in hepatic tissue structure compared to the hypercholesterolemic rats. Originality/value These results support the potential use of WR as a hypocholesterolemic agent. Further research is needed to ascertain the hypocholesterolemic effect of WR in human.

The Effects of Exclusive Walking on Lipids and Lipoproteins in Women with Overweight and Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 089011712110481
Author(s):  
Anjulyn M. Ballard ◽  
Ashlee Davis ◽  
Brett Wong ◽  
Rodney Lyn ◽  
Walter R. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Cochrane Review ◽  
Low Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Lipids And Lipoproteins

Objective To evaluate the effects of walking, independent of diet and weight-loss, on lipids and lipoproteins in women with overweight and obesity. Data Source Academic Search Complete, Alternative Health Watch, Global Health, Health Source, CINAHL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, SportDiscus, and ProQuest. Study Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria (1) experiment-control design; (2) women with overweight or obesity; (3) walking as the experiment’s independent variable; (4) four or more weeks; and (5) pre- to post-assessment of lipids and/or lipoproteins. Excluded studies reported use of lipid-lowering medication, diet or other modes of physical activity, and alternative interventions as the control. Data Extraction Data extraction and study quality were completed by the first 2 authors using the Cochrane review protocol and risk of bias assessment. Data Synthesis Raw mean difference between the experiment and control groups using a random effects model. Results Meta-analyses of 21 interventions (N = 1129) demonstrated exclusive walking improves total cholesterol (raw mean difference = 6.67 mg/dL, P = .04) and low-density lipoproteins (raw mean difference = 7.38 mg/dL, P = .04). Greater improvement in total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoproteins, and low-density lipoproteins existed in women with obesity. Conclusions Exclusive walking aids in normalizing total cholesterol and LDLs in women with overweight and obesity. Exclusive walking can be used as a non-pharmacologic therapy, which may have positive clinical outcomes for individuals who especially struggle with diet and weight-reduction.

scholarly journals Trends of Lipophilic, Antioxidant and Hematological Parameters Associated with Conventional and Electronic Smoking Habits in Middle-Age Romanians

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihaela Badea ◽  
Laura Gaman ◽  
Corina Delia ◽  
Anca Ilea ◽  
Florin Leașu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Group Versus ◽  
Low Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Low Density

It is known that cigarette smoking is correlated with medical associated inquires. New electronic cigarettes are intensively advertised as an alternative to conventional smoking, but only a few studies demonstrate their harmful potential. A cross-sectional study was designed using 150 subjects from Brasov (Romania), divided into three groups: non-smokers (NS = 58), conventional cigarettes smokers (CS = 58) and electronic cigarettes users (ECS = 34). The aim of this study was to determine levels of some plasma lipophilic and hematological components, and the total antioxidant status that could be associated with the smoking status of the subjects. Serum low density lipoproteins (LDL) cholesterol increased significantly for ECS participants versus NS group (18.9% difference) (p < 0.05). Also, the CS group is characterized by an increase of serum LDL cholesterol (7.9% difference vs. NS), but with no significant statistical difference. The variation of median values of serum very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) was in order NS < ECS < CS, with statistical difference between NS and CS groups (34.6% difference; p = 0.023). When comparing the antioxidant status of the three groups, significant differences (p < 0.05) were obtained between NS vs. CS and NS vs. ECS. Similar behavior was identified for CS and ECS. Statistically significant changes (p < 0.0001) for both vitamin A and vitamin E were identified in the blood of NS vs. CS and NS vs. ECS, and also when comparing vitamin A in the blood of the CS group versus the ECS group (p < 0.05). When all groups were compared, the difference in the white blood cell (WBC) was (p = 0.008). A slight increase in the red blood cell (RBC) count was observed, but with no statistical difference between groups. These results indicated that conventional cigarette and e-cigarette usage promotes the production of excess reactive oxygen species, involving different pathways, different antioxidants and bioactive molecules.

scholarly journals Gallstone disease and quantitative analysis of independent biochemical parameters: Study in a tertiary care hospital of India

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (04) ◽  
pp. 448-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepak Dhamnetiya ◽  
Manish Kumar Goel ◽  
BalRaj Dhiman ◽  
Om Prakash Pathania
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Gallstone Disease ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
North India ◽  
Care Hospital

ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: Gallstone disease (GSD) represents a significant burden for health-care systems worldwide and is one of the most common disorders among patients presenting to emergency rooms with abdominal discomfort. This study was aimed to know the association of biochemical parameters and development of GSD. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a case–control study from January 2013 to December 2013 among patients attending outpatient department of general surgery at a tertiary care hospital of Delhi, North India; we recruited 120 cases and the same number of controls in the study. Data collection for both cases and controls was done on a self-designed pretested interview schedule and all the patients were investigated for relevant biochemical parameters. Logistic regression was used for univariate and multivariate analyses to find out different correlates and analyze the independent effects of these correlates on GSD. RESULTS: We have included 120 cases and the same number of age- and sex-matched controls in the study and final analysis. Almost 70% of the cases were females and 30% were males. In multivariate logistic regression, we have found maximum significant association with serum total cholesterol (odds ratio [OR]: 1.013, confidence interval [CI]: 1.003–1.024, P = 0.041) followed by low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (OR: 1.017, CI: 1.001–1.034, P = 0.04) and triglycerides (OR: 1.009, CI: 1.001–1.018, P = 0.049). Fasting blood sugar (P = 0.18), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P = 0.07), aspartate transaminase (P = 0.21), alanine transaminase (P = 0.29), and total bilirubin (P = 0.13) were not found to be independently associated with GSD. Conclusions: Biochemical parameters such as plasma total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL cholesterol level were independently associated with GSD.

Comparison of methods for measurement of apolipoprotein B and cholesterol in low-density lipoproteins

1997 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 390-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ljubica Vrga ◽  
Christine Contacos ◽  
Stephen C H Li ◽  
David R Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Apolipoprotein B ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Plasma Triglyceride ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Comparison Of Methods ◽  
Apo B ◽  
Simple Alternative ◽  
Cholesterol Measurement ◽  
Commercial Kit

Abstract We describe a new method for the direct measurement of LDL-apolipoprotein (apo) B by using a commercial kit that isolates LDL by immunoseparation. We evaluated immunoseparation of LDL for apo B and cholesterol measurement in 46 dyslipidemic patients with LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) between 1.5 and 8.2 mmol/L, 11 of whom had plasma triglyceride (TG) concentrations &gt;4.0 mmol/L. There was a reasonable correlation (r = 0.94, n = 40) between LDL-apo B obtained after immunoseparation and d &gt;1.006 kg/L apo B obtained after ultracentrifugation. LDL-C by the immunoseparation method also correlated well (r = 0.98, n = 46) with the d &gt;1.006 kg/L cholesterol after ultracentrifugation. These results show that immunoseparation can be used to determine LDL-apo B, even in hypertriglyceridemic samples. This method may provide a quick and simple alternative for the identification of hyperapobetalipoproteinemia, even when TG concentrations are high.

scholarly journals Abdominal obesity as a risk factor for stroke in Abuja, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 2573
Author(s):  
Gerald A. Onwuegbuzie ◽  
Peter Alabi ◽  
Fatima Abdulai
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: Obesity in Africa has remained a public health concern, which is been fueled by urbanization and its attendant lifestyle changes which includes less energy demanding jobs, sedentary lifestyle and adopting detrimental western eating habits. There are well established risk factors for stroke, however the association of obesity with that of stroke is less clear.Methods: This study was designed to determine whether abdominal obesity is independently associated with an increased risk of ischaemic stroke. It is a case control study of 113 patients in which structured questionnaire was administered to consecutive patients admitted into the medical wards. The controls were matched for age and sex from a database with participants of the population-based cohort study. Statistical analysis of data was performed using SAS software (SAS Institute) 9.4.Results: In the study 85% of the patients had hypertension, 50.5% had hypercholesterolemia and 33.6% had diabetes. The BMI was normal for most of the cases (23.3% vs. 76.7% p<0.0001) while the WHR was increased for most of the cases (70.9% vs. 29.1% p<0.0001). The statistical significance shows that WHR was more sensitive in assessing obesity than BMI. The logistic regression analysis, in model 1 unadjusted and model 2 adjusted for sex and age, BMI showed a positive association with risk of stroke (OR 1.10; 95% CI, 1.04-1.17; p=0.002) this association lost its significance in model 3 after adjusting for diabetes, hypertension and hypercholesterolemia (OR 1.04; 95% CI, 0.96-1.13; p=0.3751). The results of logistic regression analysis for WHR for model 1, model 2 and model 3 did not show any significance before and after adjustment.Conclusions: Abdominal obesity may increase the risk of ischemic stroke through conventional vascular risk factors, but not as an independent risk factor.

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