IMPACT OF STATE AND REGIONAL PUBLIC TRANSPORT ACCESSIBILITY DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS ON THE STRUCTURE OF THE RUSSIAN PASSENGER VEHICLE FLEET

2020 ◽  
pp. 44-47
Author(s):  
Т.М. Мазурчук ◽  
М.В. Черняев
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Scientific Publication ◽  
Development Strategies ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Transport Accessibility ◽  
Passenger Vehicles ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Impact

В научной публикации изучаются изменения структуры парка легковых транспортных средств при развитии сети общественного транспорта на территории Российской Федерации. В современном мире роль общественного транспорта невозможно переоценить, во многих странах отказ от личных транспортных средств в пользу общественного транспорта включается в стратегии развития экономики и экологии. В связи с этим авторами поставлена цель оценить влияние реализуемых государственных и региональных проектов развития доступа к общественному транспорту в России на динамику изменения количества легковых транспортных средств с учетом применения международного опыта развития дорожных сетей. Научной базой исследования выступают российские и зарубежные нормативно-правовые акты, федеральные и региональные планы и стратегии развития, программы финансирования общественного транспорта, статистические базы МВД РФ, федеральной службы государственной статистики, а также мнения экспертов отрасли. The scientific publication studies changes in the structure of the fleet of passenger vehicles as a result of developing the public transport network in the territory of the Russian Federation. In the modern world, the role of public transport cannot be overestimated; in many countries, switching from personal vehicles to public transport is included in economic and environmental development strategies. Therefore, the purpose of the present research is to assess the impact of the implemented state and regional projects aimed at public transport accessibility development in Russia on the dynamics of changes in the number of passenger vehicles, taking into account the application of international experience in the development of road networks. Russian and foreign legal acts, federal and regional plans and development strategies, public transport financing programs, statistical bases of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, the Federal State Statistics Service, as well as opinions of industry experts have formed the scientific basis of the study.

scholarly journals Modern geopolitical challenges to russia's economic security: institutional factors and historical continuity

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-81
Author(s):  
S Rabkin
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Institutional Analysis ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Institutional Factors ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Historical Continuity ◽  
Analysis Methodology ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Impact

Using the main elements of the institutional analysis methodology, the author considers the impact of geopolitical factors on Russia's economic security. Based on historical and economic analysis, it is concluded that the decisions of the Crimean (Yalta) and Potsdam (1945) conferences that defined the contours of the multipolar model of the modern world should be followed. As a counteraction to the geopolitical challenges to the economic security of the Russian Federation in a multipolar world, it is proposed to consider the issues of spatial development as an institutional basis for the formation of a future model of global security.

scholarly journals Transport Accessibility of University in a Large City: Students’ Opinions

2021 ◽  
pp. 99-104
Author(s):  
R.M. Petruneva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Large City ◽  
Alma Mater ◽  
Passenger Transport ◽  
Remote Areas ◽  
Transport Accessibility ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The City

Examined is the importance of transport accessibility of universities when choosing their Alma Mater by applicants. The analysis of the use of passenger transport by students in the city of Volgograd — the largest city in the Russian Federation with a population of more than 1 million people; the data of a questionnaire survey of university students of the city, most of whom live in the most remote areas from the center, are presented. It describes the types of public transport that students use to get to their place of study, the content characteristics of the route structure, including transfers, fare, reliability and comfort of transport, stability of the schedule, travel time, waiting for public transport, etc. The shortcomings of the most popular student routes and the city’s transport system, which is a complex and extensive network, are identified; conclusions are drawn about the transport accessibility of universities and recommendations for improving transport transportation along popular student routes.

Amendments to the Constitution of the Russian Federation: Dictated Necessity and Consequences in the Conditions of the Modern World

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.V. Chuksina ◽  
◽  
K.A. Mirvoda ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Impact

The subject of this article is Law of the Russian Federation on Amendments to the Constitution of the Russian Federation (14.03.2020 No. 1-Federal Constitutional Law) «On improving the regulation of certain issues of the public power organization and functioning», namely, aspects of «coordination of health care» and «protection of the family, motherhood and childhood». The authors analyzed the issues of the medical care provision centralization, the impact of these amendments on the legal capacity of citizens. For a more in-depth analysis, the experience of foreign countries (Canada and Germany) was used. Despite the fact that the health care systems of the countries cited as an example differ in their essence and organization, nevertheless, they influence the formation of the availability of medicine for the population. As a result of the study of this experience, it was concluded that the delegation of freedom in the provision of medical care to lower levels of government allows to provide to the population affordable and high-quality medical care. It is noted that at present it is necessary to review the degree of participation of local governments in ensuring the availability of medical care in accordance with the federal law.

scholarly journals COMPLEX FEATURES OF Allium oschaninii O. Fedtsch. FOR TESTING FOR DISTINCTNESS, UNIFORMITY AND STABILITY

2018 ◽  
pp. 36-39
Author(s):  
A. V. Soldatenko ◽  
A. R. Bukharova ◽  
A. F. Bukharov ◽  
M. I. Ivanova ◽  
D. N. Baleyev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Local Population ◽  
The State ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Seed Selection ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Impact

Allium oschaninii O. Fedtsch. is distributed in the middle belt of the Pamir and Altai mountains. The local population uses leaves and bulbs for food in fresh and canned form. Selective forms of onion Oshanina still does not exist. The research was carried out in the AllRussian Research Institute of Vegetable Growing a branch of the Federal State Budget Scientific Institution "Federal Scientific Center for Vegetable Growing" (VNIIO branch of FGBNU FNCS) in 20142017. The object of the study was a collection of five samples of A. oschaninii O. Fedtsch. of various origins. Experiments were conducted to study and describe the biological and economic features of onion Oshanin (Allium oschaninii O. Fedtsch.) In the Moscow region; statistical processing and analysis of research results; methods for describing the characteristics used to assess distinctness, uniformity and stability are given. The object of the research was a collection of five samples A. oschaninii O. Fedtsch. of various origins. Methodical recommendations for registration of onion Oshanin (A. oschaninii O. Fedtsch.) In the State Register of Selection Achievements, admitted to use in the territory of the Russian Federation, for introduction into culture and introduction into production, are developed. The methodological recommendations have been prepared in accordance with the principles of similar methods used in UPOV and the State Commission of the Russian Federation for Testing and Preservation of Selection Achievements. A system of parameters has been developed, the use of which will ensure the contribution of new knowledge to the theory and practice of seed selection and production, will help to speed up the development of new varieties and hybrids with high winter hardiness, with early and harmonious growth of leaves, a long period of preservation of commercial qualities of green products resistant to peronosporosis for the Non-chernozem zone of the Russian Federation, to assess the effectiveness of selection work in order to increase yields, improve product quality and increase the resistance of new varieties to the impact of factors on of the circling medium. The results of the research can be used in breeding organizations and state stations, in the description of new varieties based on the characteristics used to assess distinctness, uniformity and stability.

scholarly journals On the Question of the Powers of the Federal Executive Authorities of Germany in the Field of Genetic Engineering

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 421-430
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Lebedeva
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Engineering ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Genetically Modified Organisms ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Federal Republic Of Germany ◽  
Federal States ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

At the present stage of the development of genetic engineering activities in the Russian Federation the question of the expediency of distributing powers between federal executive bodies and executive bodies of constituent entities is relevant. In this regard, the experience of Germany in securing the relevant powers in the field of genetic engineering for the executive authorities is considered, in particular, the powers of the federal executive authorities of Germany are examined to release and place genetically modified organisms, to monitor the impact of artificial microorganisms on human health and the environment, as well as administrative functions for maintaining information registers of information about modified organisms. The Author analyzes the powers of the German Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture (German: Bundesministerium für Ernährung und Landwirtschaft – BMEL), the Federal Office for Consumer Protection and Food Safety of Germany (German: Bundesamt für Verbraucherschutz und Lebensmittelsicherheit – BVL) and other bodies. In addition, the Author has investigated the powers of the federal states of the Federal Republic of Germany in the field of genetic engineering work related to the use and production of artificial microorganisms and GM products. As an example, the competence of the authorized body of the federal state of Hesse – the Department of the Government of Hesse for genetic engineering – is considered. Analysis of the powers of the executive authorities of Germany in the field of genetic engineering made it possible to formulate conclusions and recommendations for streamlining the powers of executive authorities and organizations in Russia. As a result, proposals were made to improve public administration in the field of genetic engineering activities in Russia, including the need to entrust a separate authority with the authority for comprehensive regulation in the field of genetic engineering activities, as well as the inexpediency of currently providing executive the authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, the powers to exercise public administration in the area under consideration.

scholarly journals EAEU INTEGRATION PROCESSES AND RUSSIAN FEDERATION LEGISLATION IN THE ECONOMY

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Doctoral Students ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Business Law ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Economic Union ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Legal Integration

Interstate integration in the modern world is actively developing, and as a result - similar processes are observed in the sphere of law. In this regard, it is clear that there is a need to reflect and identify general trends in the transformation of Russian legislation under the influence of integration processes. Given that integration processes primarily affect the economic spheres of activity, which are governed more by business legislation, it can be assumed that the greatest impact of integration processes is observed in this branch of law. This article is devoted to one of the pressing problems of business law - determining the role of integration processes (in the example of the EAEU) in improving business legislation. The article contains a brief analysis of the process of creation and development of the Eurasian Economic Union, as well as the results of monitoring the regulatory framework for the impact of the EAEU integration processes on the legislation of the Russian Federation on business activities. The article can be useful to students, graduate students and doctoral students working on business law and legal integration.

Waste management

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Борис Бобович ◽  
Boris Bobovich
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Environmental Control ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Best Available Technologies ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Impact

The training manual provides an analysis of waste management mechanisms in foreign countries. The normative legal base of the Russian Federation in the field of waste management is considered. The third edition of the amendments to the regulatory framework of the Russian Federation in the field of waste management as of January 1, 2018, the procedure for registration of the passport of hazardous waste. The composition of the Federal classification catalog of waste is given. The procedure of assessment of the impact of the production enterprise on the environment is considered. The recommendations for the preparation of documents for approval by the Supervisory authorities of the draft standards of waste and limits on their placement. The standards of payment for waste disposal, approved for 2017, 2018, as well as lowering and increasing the coefficients to the payment rates, designed to stimulate enterprises to use the best available technologies for waste management and reduce the volume of their placement, which are gradually introduced from January 1, 2016 to January 1, 2020. The procedure of Federal statistical accounting of waste and objects having a negative impact on the environment is considered. The fundamentals of existing waste management mechanisms through environmental control, licensing, environmental assessment, environmental audit and environmental insurance are considered. Measures of responsibility for non-compliance with the legislation on waste management are considered. Methodical materials for the educational process are given: tests for intermediate control of knowledge and recommendations on the topics of abstracts and reports of students on the discipline "waste Management". The textbook meets the requirements of the Federal state educational standard of higher education of the last generation. For students of higher educational institutions studying in the field of "Technosphere safety", as well as for a wide range of engineering and technical workers of various industries.

Distinctions and terms of soft financing to Russia's agricultural enterprises

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 649-663
Author(s):  
Kermen A. NAMINOVA
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
The State ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Impact

Subject. Under the current circumstances, the State and commercial banks invent how to support agricultural producers due to the high priority of agriculture for the national security and the high standards of living of people. Soft financing is a mechanism the State uses to support agricultural enterprises, thus stimulating the agricultural production through debt finance. Objectives. I identify distinctions and determine positive and negative aspects of soft financing granted for agricultural producers. Methods. I referred to official data of the Federal State Statistics Service of the Russian Federation, Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation, Russian Agricultural Bank. I applied methods of analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, the systems approach. Results. I analyzed typical traits of soft financing to agricultural enterprises. The article indicates the role of authorized banks as systemically important credit institutions in Russia as part of the soft financing mechanism. I conducted the comparative analysis of commercial lending and soft financing to businesses, pointed out key differences between their mechanisms. The article spotlights the shortage of working funds, which results from distinctions of the agricultural sector. I investigated the impact of the sectoral and intrasectoral specifics of agriculture on the lending process. Referring to the key differences of commercial lending and soft financing to agricultural producers in the Russian Federation, I figured out positive and negative aspects of soft lending. Conclusions and Relevance. Agricultural producers operate, being exposed to high risk. Therefore, commercial banks take risks into account when setting up the cost of loans. High rates on loans are unaffordable for the majority of small and medium-sized agricultural businesses, thus complicating the finance of agricultural producers’ operations. Agricultural enterprises demonstrate a rather low profitability, thus impeding the performance of lending principles, such as repayment, timeliness, serviceability.

scholarly journals Statistical analysis of gender pay gap in modern-day Russia

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 85-93
Author(s):  
I. I. Eliseeva ◽  
M. Р. Dekina
Keyword(s):  
Gender Difference ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Gender Disparity ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Gender Pay Gap ◽  
Pay Gap ◽  
Gender Differentiation ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Wage Differentiation

Purpose of the study. The study of gender disparity remains relevant for all countries, including the Russian Federation. The study of disparity in quantitative terms: the income distribution, in which the main source – wages, is of particular importance. In the analysis of the gender pay gap, the main factors are such characteristics as the level of education, work status, district, age and the period of the employee’s service. The purpose of this article is a statistical assessment of gender differentiation of wages in Russia based on empirical data and aggregated data from the Federal State Statistics Service. Particular attention is paid to the econometric approach to gender differences in wages.  Materials and methods. As the main sources of information were data from the Federal State Statistics Service. In addition as the empirical base of the study, the data from the 27th wave of the Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey (RLMS) – Higher School of Economics were used. The study is based on a modified Mincer`s type equation. Models of the logarithm of wages for all employees, as well as separately for men and women, were developed. To clarify the range of factors, affecting wage differences, models were developed with either the age of the employees or the period of their service. In addition, the factor “socio-professional group” was included, due to the presence of marked gender differentiation among occupational groups. On the base of the constructed models, the gender difference in wages was decomposed.  Results. The results allowed quantifying the impact of gender on wages, as well as assessing the impact of various factors separately for male and female. It was found a stronger influence of education on the women wages, which indicates, on the one hand, the intellectual advantages of women, and on the other hand, indicates the difficulty of obtaining decent earnings for women with low education. The factor of residence is more affected for men. Decomposition of gender difference in wages allowed us to establish the continued existence of gender inequality in the Russian Federation, ceteris paribus.  Conclusion. The study of gender wage differentiation remains an important element in the analysis of both wage differentiation in general and gender disparity. The results of the analysis confirmed the persistence of gender differentiation wages in Russia at present. In the future, it is necessary to expand the analysis of gender differentiation of wages with the following characteristics: additional education, health, marital status, differences in the education of husband and wife, and the presence of preschool children.  

scholarly journals Regional Accessibility as a Factor in the Development of a Tourist Destination

REGIONOLOGY ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-81
Author(s):  
Marina V. Moroshkina ◽  
Svetlana V. Kondrateva
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Tourist Destination ◽  
North West ◽  
Transport Accessibility ◽  
The Russian Federation

Introduction. The tourist vector of development is regarded as one of the promising and even priority areas of socio-economic development of the regions of the North-West of Russia. Accessibility of regions with a unique tourist and recreational potential and established tourism infrastructure is becoming increasingly important in the circumstances of increasing competition for tourists. The study aims to evaluate the potential of the regions of the Northwestern Federal District of the Russian Federation for the development of tourism on the basis of a comprehensive assessment of their geographical, transport, and infrastructural accessibility. Materials and Methods. As part of the study, median indicators were calculated based on statistical data from Federal State Statistics Service, the official websites of the Federal Agency for Tourism of the Russian Federation and the Russian Railways company, as well as from the website Tutu.ru. The method of economic analysis was employed to assess the accessibility of territories for tourist flows taking into account transport accessibility, time spent on travel, and fare. Results. Based on the results of the performed analysis, 4 typological groups (central, semi-central, semi-peripheral and peripheral) of the constituent regions of the Northwestern Federal District of the Russian federation were singled out in terms of regional accessibility for the development of a tourist destination. The territories accessible to tourists include the regions of central location, which are of interest to visit and have high transport accessibility. The compiled grouping reflects the potential of the territory to accept tourists, assessed by such factors as cost, accessibility, and remoteness. Discussion and Conclusion. The results of this work may be used by regional government bodies when making managerial decisions pertaining to tourism development. The material of the article has scientific and practical significance for scientists studying the issues of regional tourism development, as well as for those engaged in the tourism business.

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