scholarly journals A NEW VARIETY AND PROMISING SAMPLES OF NURSERIES BREEDING GALEGA

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Т.В. Шайкова ◽  
В.С. Баева ◽  
Т.Е. Кузьмина
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
New Variety ◽  
New Varieties

Биоклиматический потенциал Псковской области позволяет ежегодно получать качественные семена практически всех видов многолетних злаковых и некоторых видов бобовых трав. Первостепенная роль в производстве кормов принадлежит сеянным травам как в полевом (площадь земель составляет 182,8 тыс. га), так и луговом кормопроизводстве (естественные сенокосы (230 тыс. га) и пастбищам (244 тыс. га). Основными направлениями в повышении продуктивности и улучшении качества кормовой базы, на наш взгляд, должны стать новые сорта многолетних трав, возделывание которых ведется с использованием современных агротехнологий. Селекционная работа по выведению новых сортов козлятника восточного ведется в 7 питомниках на полях ФГБНУ ФНЦ ЛК Обособленного подразделения г. Пскова. На каждом этапе селекционного процесса, в каждом питомнике выделены лучшие образцы по ряду хозяйственно ценных и морфологических признаков. На заключительной многолетней стадии, в питомнике конкурсного испытания высеяны сортообразцы, которые выделены из различных питомников с сохранением отличительных признаков, морфологических или хозяйственно-ценных. Селекционерами института создан новый сорт козлятника восточного Талисман (сортообразец №24), превышающий по продуктивности и качеству сорт-стандарт Кривич на 7-10%, в среднем за годы испытаний (5 лет) урожайность зеленой массы составила 38,1 т/га, сухой массы – 9,7 т/га, что выше стандарта на 11%. Семенная продуктивность в среднем за 5 лет была на уровне 4,5 ц/га. Содержание сырого протеина в сухом веществе данного сорта было на уровне от 20 до 22,0%. Выход сырого протеина с урожаем составил 1,9 т/га. The bioclimatic potential of the Pskov region makes it possible to annually obtain high-quality seeds of almost all types of perennial grasses and some types of legumes. The main role in feed production belongs to sown grasses both in the field (the land area is 182.8 thousand hectares) and in meadow forage production (natural hayfields (230 thousand hectares) and pastures (244 thousand hectares). In our opinion, the main directions for increasing productivity and improving the quality of the feed base should be new varieties of perennial grasses that are cultivated using modern agricultural technologies. Breeding work on breeding new varieties of Eastern goat is carried out in 7 nurseries in the fields of the Federal state budgetary scientific center of the LPR, a separate division, Pskov. At each stage of the breeding process, each nursery selects the best samples for a number of economically valuable and morphological characteristics. At the final multiyear stage, in the nursery of competitive tests, varietal samples were sown, which were isolated from various nurseries with the preservation of distinctive features, morphological or economically valuable. Breeders of the Institute have created a new variety of Eastern talisman goat (variety type No. 24), which exceeds the productivity and quality of the standard Krivich by 7-10% on average, over the years of testing (5 years), the yield of green mass was 38.1 t/ha, dry mass – 9.7 t/ha, which is 11% higher than the standard. Seed productivity on average for 5 years was at the level of 4.5 c/ha. The content of crude protein in the dry matter of this class was at the level of 20 to 22.0%. The yield of crude protein from this crop was 1.9 t/ha.

scholarly journals Comparative characteristics of yellow alfalfa accessions in the nursery of competitive variety testing

2021 ◽  
Vol 901 (1) ◽  
pp. 012031
Author(s):  
S V Saprykin ◽  
N V Saprykina ◽  
V N Zolotarev ◽  
O N Lyubtseva
Keyword(s):  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
New Variety ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Agricultural Regions

Abstract In the context of the progressive trend of aridization of the climate of the main agricultural regions in the forest-steppe and steppe zones, the problem of increasing and stabilizing the high productivity of forage crops is becoming more acute. Yellow alfalfa (Medicago falcata L.) is highly resistant to abiotic stresses such as drought and low temperatures. This crop is resistant to extremely stressful conditions for cultivation in arid conditions, high production potential for the production of various types of bulky forage. The limiting factor of the effective economic use of yellow alfalfa in the Central Black Earth region of Russia is the insufficient number of zoned varieties, only three. The zoned varieties of alfalfa that exist today do not fully meet the requirements of modern forage production, and the tasks of developing new varieties with increased productivity, competitive ability in grass mixtures and increased longevity are becoming urgent. A highly productive variety of yellow alfalfa Pavlovskaya 7 was previously created at the Voronezh Experimental Station for perennial grasses. The Pavlovskaya 7 variety is characterized by high resistance to fungal diseases and mycoplasmosis, drought resistance, and long (up to 12 years) productive longevity. Currently, the station is completing selection work to develop a new variety of yellow alfalfa with a complex of economically valuable traits and properties for conditions of insufficient moisture.

New variety of white clover — “Izumrud”

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
О. Тимошкина ◽  
О. Тимошкин
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
High Resistance ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
New Variety ◽  
Variety Trial ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Trifolium Repens L

Исследования выполнены в Пензенской области в 2014 2018 годах. Клевер ползучий (Trifolium repens L.) многолетнее травянистое растение, которое можно использовать для коренного улучшения состояния лугов и пастбищ. Цель селекционной работы с клевером ползучим в Пензенском НИИСХ создание сорта с урожайностью зелёной массы 14 16 т/га, устойчивой семенной продуктивностью (150 250 кг/га), выдерживающего трёхчетырёхкратное стравливание или скашивание, переносящего кратковременную засуху, пригодного к механизированной уборке семян. Представлена характеристика нового сорта клевера ползучего Изумруд, переданного в 2018 году на государственное сортоиспытание. Метеорологические условия отличались по годам исследования, что позволило достаточно полно оценить перспективность сортобразца. По результатам трёх циклов конкурсного испытания (2015 2017 годы) урожайность зелёной массы нового сорта Изумруд составила 19,48 т/га, сбор сухого вещества 4,34 т/га, урожайность семян 151 кг/га, что на 13,7, 18,4 и 18,9 выше стандарта ВИК 70 соответственно. Содержание сырого протеина в сухом веществе составило 22,4 26,9, клетчатки не превышало 27 31. Повреждаемость вредителями слабая, поражаемость бурой пятнистостью и мозаикой клевера ползучего слабая, ниже стандартного сорта. Сорт высокоустойчив к корневым гнилям, раку клевера, аскохитозу. Сорт Изумруд пригоден к механизированной уборке семян. Высокая засухоустойчивость (5 баллов) и зимостойкость (96 100) нового сорта позволяет рекомендовать его для сенокосного и пастбищного использования во всех зонах распространения культуры. Экономический эффект при использовании на кормовые цели составляет 11,2 тыс. руб./га, на семена 7,2 тыс. руб./га. The investigation took place in the Penza region in 2014 2018. Breeding of a new white clover variety aimed at the development of a genotype that had green mass productivity of 14 16 t ha1, stable seed yield of 150 250 kg ha1, high resistance to triple or quadruple cutting, shorttime drought and automized harvesting. This paper gives the description of white clover Izumrud that was sent to the State variety trial in 2018. The variety was tested under the different weather conditions. Three years of the competitive variety trial (2015 2017) showed that its green mass productivity amounted to 19.48 t ha1, dry matter (DM) content 4.34 t ha1, seed yield 151 kg ha1, exceeding the standard variety (VIK 70) by 13.7, 18.4 and 18.9, respectively. Crude protein content was 22.4 26.9, fiber up to 27 31. Izumrud also exceeded VIK 70 in tolerance to pests, Pseudopeziza trifolii and mosaic virus. The variety had high resistance to root rot, clover wilt and Ascochyta leaf spot. It tolerated automized harvesting, drought and cold and was recommended for farm cultivation. Its economic efficiency amounted to 11.2 thousand RUB ha1 under forage production and 7.2 thousand RUB ha1 under seed production.

scholarly journals Sweet cherry competitive varieties for the horticulture of the Krasnodar Territory

2021 ◽  
pp. 29-35
Author(s):  
R. Sh. Zaremuk ◽  
Yu. A. Dolya
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Experimental Production ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
The North ◽  
Local Breeding ◽  
New Varieties

Creation of new varieties that combine a complex of valuable traits, incl. the marketability and quality of fruits for updating the assortment of sweet cherry is an urgent direction of breeding research. The paper presents the results of a long-term work on the assessment of 12 varieties of sweet cherries of domestic and foreign breeding according to the main parameters of marketability and quality of fruits. The studies were carried out in 2015–2020 on the basis of the «Tsentralnoye» experimental production farm of the North Caucasian Federal Scientific Center of Horticulture, Viticulture, Winemaking. As a result of regional breeding and long-term variety study sweet cherry varieties of local breeding (Alaya, Volshebnitsa, Chernie glaza) and introduced varieties (Anonce, Vasilisa, Kroupnoplodnaya, Sweet Heart, Skina) with larger fruits (fruit weight of 8.5–12.0 g) were identified. These varieties correspond to world marketability standards. Varieties with high biochemical parameters have been revealed: vitamin C (10.9–13.0 mg/100 g) Volshebnitsa, Podarok leta, Anonce; vitamin P (81.6–116.0 mg/100 g) Volshebnitsa, Podarok leta, Kroupnoplodnaya; anthocyanins (213.5–390.0 mg/100 g) Madonna, Chernie glaza; sugars (14.2–15.2 %) Alaya, Volshebnitsa, Podarok leta; soluble solids (19.8–22.8 %) Alaya and Volshebnitsa. A greatest variation in parameters (Cv = 60 %) was noted in the number of anthocyanins from 87.0 in the Volshebnitsa variety to 390.0 mg/100 g in the Madonna variety. At the same time, the supposed direct correlation between the ripening period and the accumulation of sugars (R2 = 0.083) and dry matter (R2 = 0.107) was not revealed, due primarily to the varietal specifics and year conditions. For modern technologies of the production of high-quality cherry products in the south of the country, domestic varieties Krasnaya devitsa, Volshebnitsa, Alaya, introduced varieties Anonce, Kroupnoplodnaya, Sweet Heart and Skina, stably bearing fruit under stress conditions, with a yield of 20.0 t/ha with a planting scheme 5.3 m, high marketable and taste qualities were suggested. Super early ripening cherry variety Madonna was recommended to expand the regional cherry conveyor.

scholarly journals Productivity of mountain bows of the carpathians depending on surface improvement measures

2021 ◽  
pp. 61-69
Author(s):  
V.H. Kyrhak ◽  
U.M. Karbivska ◽  
M.D. Voloshchuk ◽  
V.F. Martyshchuk
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Belt ◽  
Mountain Forest ◽  
Carpathian Mountain ◽  
Surface Improvement

Purpose. To determine the peculiarities of formation of productivity, as well as the chemical composition, nutritional value and energy intensity of grass forage, depending on the measures of surface improvement of the meadows of the Carpathian mountain forest zone. Methods. Field works, laboratory, mathematical-statistical. Results. Productivity of haymaking and perennial mowing fluctuated on the range of 2.15–4.77 t/ha and 1.95–4.11 t/ha during the 3-year research of dry mass yield. Compared to the variants without additional sowing of grasses and fertilizer use, the highest productivity of haymaking was upon the additional sowing of cereal grass mixtures and applying of N60P30K60 – 12 % and 85 %, respectively. Productivity of perennial mowing increased upon the additional sowing of Trifolium repens and applying of P30K60 on 85 % and 111 % respectively. The best uniformity of distribution of biomass crop by slopes was obtained by the use of multifaceted use of creeping clover with the introduction of P30K60, when the proportion of 1st slope was 39%, 2nd - 33 and 3rd – 28% with unevenness, which is expressed by the coefficient variation - 18%. Among the measures of surface improvement on the quality of feed by chemical composition, increasing, first of all, the content of crude protein, influenced by the introduction of N60P30K60 or 15 t / ha of manure, and in the case of multi-grade use - the sowing of clover on the background P30K60. Irrespective of the measures of surface improvement, higher crude protein content, better energy consumption and nutritious nutritional value of feed were characterized by a multi-use (pasture imitation) mode of use than hay. Conclusions. For surface improvement of the meadows of the Carpathian mountain forest belt with natural herbage, the annual application of N60P30K60, or 15 t / ha of manure, or – N60P30K60 + sowing of a mixture of grass meadows and sapwood with sapwood, on the grass meadows, is a factor of increasing their productivity and improving the quality of herbage. use or – P30K60 + clover seeding for high quality use. The best positive effect is the application of mineral fertilizers in combination with sowing of perennial grasses.

scholarly journals COMPLEX FEATURES OF Allium oschaninii O. Fedtsch. FOR TESTING FOR DISTINCTNESS, UNIFORMITY AND STABILITY

2018 ◽  
pp. 36-39
Author(s):  
A. V. Soldatenko ◽  
A. R. Bukharova ◽  
A. F. Bukharov ◽  
M. I. Ivanova ◽  
D. N. Baleyev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Local Population ◽  
The State ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Seed Selection ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Impact

Allium oschaninii O. Fedtsch. is distributed in the middle belt of the Pamir and Altai mountains. The local population uses leaves and bulbs for food in fresh and canned form. Selective forms of onion Oshanina still does not exist. The research was carried out in the AllRussian Research Institute of Vegetable Growing a branch of the Federal State Budget Scientific Institution "Federal Scientific Center for Vegetable Growing" (VNIIO branch of FGBNU FNCS) in 20142017. The object of the study was a collection of five samples of A. oschaninii O. Fedtsch. of various origins. Experiments were conducted to study and describe the biological and economic features of onion Oshanin (Allium oschaninii O. Fedtsch.) In the Moscow region; statistical processing and analysis of research results; methods for describing the characteristics used to assess distinctness, uniformity and stability are given. The object of the research was a collection of five samples A. oschaninii O. Fedtsch. of various origins. Methodical recommendations for registration of onion Oshanin (A. oschaninii O. Fedtsch.) In the State Register of Selection Achievements, admitted to use in the territory of the Russian Federation, for introduction into culture and introduction into production, are developed. The methodological recommendations have been prepared in accordance with the principles of similar methods used in UPOV and the State Commission of the Russian Federation for Testing and Preservation of Selection Achievements. A system of parameters has been developed, the use of which will ensure the contribution of new knowledge to the theory and practice of seed selection and production, will help to speed up the development of new varieties and hybrids with high winter hardiness, with early and harmonious growth of leaves, a long period of preservation of commercial qualities of green products resistant to peronosporosis for the Non-chernozem zone of the Russian Federation, to assess the effectiveness of selection work in order to increase yields, improve product quality and increase the resistance of new varieties to the impact of factors on of the circling medium. The results of the research can be used in breeding organizations and state stations, in the description of new varieties based on the characteristics used to assess distinctness, uniformity and stability.

scholarly journals Comparative assessment and scientific support of seed breeding of the new variety Evgeniya of sudangrass

2021 ◽  
Vol 247 ◽  
pp. 01057
Author(s):  
Elena Vertikova ◽  
Vladimir Pylnev
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
High Quality ◽  
New Variety ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
High Yields

The article characterizes the advantages of sudangrass, presents its comparative assessment, and gives recommendations for the cultivation of a new variety Evgeniya for seeds. Implementation of the program for the development of forage production in Russia and other countries implies not only the creation of new varieties but also the promotion of their introduction. This study aims to test the new variety Evgeniya of sudangrass and refine the cultivation techniques for obtaining high-quality seeds in the Volga region. For a period of 2 years, we studied the new promising variety, new lines that were obtained during interspecific, intraspecific, and intervarietal crossings carried out in different years, and new varieties of sudangrass recommended for cultivation in the region. The Yubileinaya 20 and Zonalskaya 6 varieties of sudangrass were used as standards. Field studies were carried out in 2017-2019. It was found that the new variety Evgeniya was characterized by high values of economically valuable traits. The variety had several biometric and biological features, such as thin stems and high yields, so we studied the influence of sowing methods and seeding rates not only on yield but on seed quality. To obtain the maximum yield of high-quality seeds, Evgeniya sudangrass must be sown with a seeding rate of 0.6-0.7 mln. viable seeds per hectare and row spacing of 30 cm.

scholarly journals MAIN RESULTS AND PROSPECTS OF SEED PRODUCTION OF PERENNIAL GRASSES IN THE FSUE "POIMA"

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (3) ◽  
pp. 71-85
Author(s):  
Анатолий Анисимов ◽  
Anatoly Anisimov ◽  
Петр Комахин ◽  
Peter Komakhin ◽  
Николай Переправо ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Feed Production ◽  
Current State ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
High Yielding Varieties ◽  
High Quality Seed ◽  
North Western

Presents the historical aspects and the current state of breeding and seed production in the Federal State Unitary Enterprise "Poima", as well as the prospects for the production of seeds of forage herbs, including their higher reproduction in order to provide farmers and other consumers with high-quality seed. The stages of seed production of perennial grasses in the economy are reflected, the analysis and the importance of seed production for agricultural production, as well as prospects. Special attention is paid to the creation and reproduction of high-yielding varieties of perennial grasses for floodplain conditions, such as awnless brome, fescue, timothy-grass, cocksfoot and other species. It is noted that the special variety of fescue meadow hayfields and pasture ecotype Krasnopoimskaya 92, well adapted to the conditions of flooding in the underground conditions, as well as when growing it on watershed areas, is of great importance in modern conditions of forage production. The article also notes a great prospect of developing tetraploid variety of ryegrass annual Rapid in the system of feed production in floodplain conditions, which can replace to a large extent in the Central, Northern and North-Western regions of unstable productivity of corn, even its early-maturing hybrids. In addition, the publication presents the basic agrotechnical methods of cultivation of seeds of such most sought-after perennial grasses as perennial ryegrass, festulolium, fescue reed, allowing them to obtain high and stable yields.

Promising genotypes of eastern goat’s rue in the North-West region of the Russian Federation

2021 ◽  
pp. 30-32
Author(s):  
В.С. Баева ◽  
Т.Е. Кузьмина
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Primary Role ◽  
Mass Yield ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Seed Productivity ◽  
North West ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
New Varieties

По урожайности зелёной массы сортообразец F6 превысил контроль на 40%, а по сбору сырого протеина — на 45%. По урожайности зелёной массы сортообразец F6 превысил контроль на 40%, а по сбору сырого протеина — на 45%. Bioclimatic potential of the Pskov region provides high-quality seeds of almost all species of gramineous and some species of legumes. The primary role in forage production belongs to sown grasses both in fields (182.8 thousand hectares) and in grasslands (natural hayfields (230 thousand hectares) and pastures (244 thousand hectares). New varieties of perennial grasses cultivated using modern practices are promising means to increase yield and quality of forage resources. Breeding new varieties of eastern goat’s rue was carried out during 2018–2021 at the nurseries of the Federal Research Center of Fibre Crops. The test nursery was established in 2018 using promising genotypes selected earlier in the intercross nursery (F6, F7 и F8) and clone nursery (26-2-8, 27-1-14 and 27-2-15). The variety “Yubilyar” (the Pskov Agricultural Research Institute) performed as the standard. The test nursery selected genotypes having the number of valuable morphological and economically-important traits. Genotypes were evaluated according to their morphology, green mass and seed productivity as well as forage quality. Such genotypes as F6, F7 and F8 stood out due to their height, seed productivity, forage mass yield and quality. Genotype F6 exceeded the standard by 40% in green mass yield and 45% — in crude protein content.

The quality of pork according to the back fat thickness

10.12737/1384 ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 144-147
Author(s):  
Пинчук ◽  
Viktor Pinchuk ◽  
Рябичева ◽  
Angelina Ryabicheva ◽  
Стрельцов ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Properties ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Meadow Fescue ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
The World ◽  
Leading Position ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact

In the world more than 100 types of crops are cultivated on the fodder purposes, including perennial grasses, corn, fodder and forage crops account, which provides about 70% of the livestock’s necessity. Among the perennial grasses, the leading position, both in areas under crops and the yield, is alfalfa crop, which is grown in 165 countries around the world according to the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations, especially in the countries of Americas (20-25 million hectares). Furthermore, the palatability ratio of green and dry alfalfa is significantly higher, compared to other legumes perennial grasses. It is difficult to overestimate the importance of alfalfa forage production in the modern forage production. This paper presents the current issues of growing alfalfa on different backgrounds of mineral nutrition. In our country its acreage needs to be expanded to 350 hectares (40% of the acreage of perennial grasses), because the farming biologization without the inclusion this crop in the field, forage and farms crop rotation is theoretically impossible and not feasible. In order to obtain the high biomass of at least 23 tons per hectare and agriculture biologization on gray forest soils of the Republic of Tatarstan we recommend to cultivate alfalfa mixed with awnless rump and meadow fescue in the ratio of 0,70:0,15:0,15. In households with high use of chemicals so that to obtain for more than 36 tons per hectare of green herbage mass in polyspecific grasses, it should prevail crop components (awnless rump and meadow fescue), which are in a leading position, according to the impact on the agro biological properties of the soil of Kama zone of the Republic of Tatarstan.

scholarly journals Dual purpose wheat production with different levels of nitrogen topdressing

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 1091 ◽  
Author(s):  
Éderson Luis Henz ◽  
Paulo Sergio Gois de Almeida ◽  
João Pedro Velho ◽  
José Laerte Nörnberg ◽  
Leandro Das Dores Ferreira da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nitrogen Addition ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Land Use Efficiency ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Nitrogen Additions

Currently, the practice of Crop-Livestock Integration is stimulated as a way of increasing the generation of foreign exchange for Brazil. Integrated systems improve land use efficiency as well as preserve, recover and increment or soil fertility. The aim of this research was to evaluate how different doses of nitrogen fertilization can affect production and quality of dual purpose wheat submitted to grazing. The experimental designed was randomized block with five treatments (0, 75, 150, 225 and 300 Kg N ha-1, like ammonium nitrate) and four repetitions. The forage yield, the percentage crude protein (P=.0001) and acid detergent insoluble protein (P=.0054) had a linear increased because of the nitrogen addition doses. The crude protein percentage changed the estimate of all soluble carbohydrates (P=.0001) and non-fibrous carbohydrates (P=.0186), but did not influence the, nitrogen detergent fiber corrected with ash and proteins percentage contributing for content cell. The crops production (P=.0001) and the number of kernels per ear (P=.0001) showed significantly difference because of the nitrogen additions dose, increasing the number of fertile flowers. The nitrogen topdressing alters forage production, the chemical composition and the production of dual purpose wheat grains subjected to grazing.

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