scholarly journals Genital Infections of HIV-Infected Women Assisted by a Specialized Service

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Caroline Acquaro ◽  
Marli Teresinha C. Duarte ◽  
Lenice do Rosário de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydial Infection ◽  
Vulvovaginal Candidiasis ◽  
Genital Infections ◽  
Steady Partner ◽  
Gram Staining ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Specialized Service ◽  
One Year ◽  
Plasma Load ◽  
Frequent Infection

The present study aimed at analyzing the persistence/recurrence of genital infections and its associated factors in HIV-infected women. Fifty-eight women treated for chlamydial infection, trichomoniasis, vulvovaginal candidiasis, and/or bacterial vaginosis (BV) and who had specimens collected for cure control up to one year after treatment were studied. Diagnoses were performed by the Gram staining method for cases of BV and candidiasis and by T. vaginalis culture and qualitative PCR for C. trachomatis. Antiretroviral therapy was used by 79.3% of patients, and 62.1% showed an undetectable HIV plasma load. The most frequent infection was BV with persistence/recurrence of 52.4%, which was associated with a longer time period between treatment and cure control (), postmenopausal period (), and having a steady partner (). Persistence/recurrence of vulvovaginal candidiasis was observed in 25%, trichomoniasis in 23.1%, and chlamydial infection in 10.5%. The latter was associated with inadequate treatment of the partner (). There was a tendency to higher persistence/recurrence of BV () and trichomoniasis () among patients with low T CD4+ lymphocyte counts. The majority of women in the present study showed good HIV-infection control and a vulnerable sexual behavior, which stress the importance of maintaining gynecological followup.

scholarly journals One Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Galicia: A Global View of Age-Group Statistics during Three Waves

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 5104
Author(s):  
Iván Area ◽  
Henrique Lorenzo ◽  
Pedro J. Marcos ◽  
Juan J. Nieto
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Nw Spain ◽  
The Past ◽  
Global View ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Key Variables ◽  
One Year

In this work we look at the past in order to analyze four key variables after one year of the COVID-19 pandemic in Galicia (NW Spain): new infected, hospital admissions, intensive care unit admissions and deceased. The analysis is presented by age group, comparing at each stage the percentage of the corresponding group with its representation in the society. The time period analyzed covers 1 March 2020 to 1 April 2021, and includes the influence of the B.1.1.7 lineage of COVID-19 which in April 2021 was behind 90% of new cases in Galicia. It is numerically shown how the pandemic affects the age groups 80+, 70+ and 60+, and therefore we give information about how the vaccination process could be scheduled and hints at why the pandemic had different effects in different territories.

Survival With Respect to Morphology in Pulmonary Atresia and Intact Ventricular Septum in Sweden

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-34
Author(s):  
Stina Manhem ◽  
Katarina Hanséus ◽  
Håkan Berggren ◽  
Britt-Marie Ekman-Joelsson
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Atresia ◽  
Early Time ◽  
Ventricular Septum ◽  
Intact Ventricular Septum ◽  
Early Group ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Medical Reports ◽  
One Year ◽  
Survival Risk ◽  
Late Group

Background: Patients born with pulmonary atresia and intact ventricular septum represent a challenge to pediatric cardiologists. Our objective was to study changes in survival with respect to morphology in all children born with pulmonary atresia and intact ventricular septum in Sweden during 36 years. Methods: A retrospective, descriptive study based on medical reports and echocardiographic examinations consisting of those born between 1980 and 1998 (early group) and those born between 1999 and 2016 (late group). Results: The cohort consists of 171 patients (early group, n = 86 and late group, n = 85) yielding an incidence of 4.35 and 4.46 per 100,000 live births, respectively. One-year survival in the early group was 76% compared to 92% in the late group ( P = .0004). For patients with membranous atresia, one-year survival increased from 78% to 98%, and for muscular pulmonary atresia, from 68% to 85%. In patients with muscular pulmonary atresia and ventriculocoronary arterial communications, there was no significant increase in survival. Risk factors for death were being born in the early time period hazard ratio (HR), 6; 95% CI (2.33-14.28) P = .0002, low birth weight HR, 1.26; 95% CI (1.14-1.4) P < .0001 and having muscular pulmonary atresia HR, 3.74; 95% CI (1.71-8.19) P = .0010. Conclusion: The incidence of pulmonary atresia and intact ventricular septum remained unchanged during the study period. Survival has improved, especially for patients with membranous pulmonary atresia, while being born with muscular pulmonary atresia is still a risk factor for death. To further improve survival, greater focus on patients with muscular pulmonary atresia and ventriculocoronary arterial communications is required.

scholarly journals Can Individual Investors Capture The Value Premium?

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick J. Larkin
Keyword(s):  
Individual Investors ◽  
Investment Strategies ◽  
Enterprise Value ◽  
Market Portfolio ◽  
A Value ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Return On Capital ◽  
Reduce Risk ◽  
One Year ◽  
Value Strategy

I test the performance of several simple one and two-factor mechanical GARP and value investment strategies against a value-weighted market portfolio for the period 1998-2006, focusing on the suitability of the strategies for individual investors. All of the GARP and value strategies produce substantially higher average returns than the market portfolio over the 97 rolling one-year holding periods included in the study. The strategies have a higher standard deviation of returns across the 97 start months, but are less likely than the market portfolio to experience negative returns over any three or five-year time period. Overall, the best performing strategies are EBIT to enterprise value and return on capital, EBIT to enterprise value alone, and earnings yield (the inverse of the P/E ratio). Adding a profitability factor to form a GARP strategy from a simple one-factor value strategy does not appear boost performance, though it does reduce risk in the EBIT to enterprise value and return on capital strategy. My results indicate that individual investors who are able to tolerate occasional underperformance should consider using a GARP or value strategy in at least a portion of the portion of their portfolio that is allocated to U.S. equities.    

scholarly journals The Effect of Environmental Disclosure and Performance on Profitability in the Companies Listed on the Stock Exchange of Thailand (SET)

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-72
Author(s):  
Indah Fajarini Sri Wahyuningrum ◽  
Muhammad Ihlashul Amal ◽  
Suci Sularsih
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Iso 14001 ◽  
Company Size ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Environmental Disclosure ◽  
Time Period ◽  
One Year

The main objective of this study is to determine the empirical evidence of the effect of environmental disclosure, environmental performance, company age, and company size on profitability. The purposive sampling method was used to determine the sample of companies and obtained 85 companies from a total population of 100 large companies listed on the Thailand Stock Exchange (SET) in 2018. The data analysis technique used was multiple linear regression analysis using analysis tool IBM SPSS Statistics version 26. The results of this study prove that environmental disclosure has a significant positive effect on profitability. Environmental performance and company size have a significant negative effect on profitability. On the other hand, company age is not proven to have a significant effect on profitability. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that more extensive environmental disclosure is able to increase the achievement of profitability. However, company age is not a factor affecting profitability. Meanwhile, company size and environmental performance as measured by total assets and the existence of ISO 14001 certifications are proven to reduce the level of company profitability. This study also has several limitations, including the time period which is limited to only one time period, namely 2018. It is expected that further studies can expand the time period by more than one year. This is since using a time period of more than one year can illustrate the effect of environmental disclosure and environmental performance, company age and company size on the profitability achieved by the companies.  In addition, it is expected that the results of this study can provide input to companies to be more concerned regarding company performance activities, especially on the environment because there are still many companies that have low levels of environmental disclosure even though environmental disclosure in Thailand is still voluntary.

scholarly journals Neglecting Decline: Remembered and Predicted Personal Development Diverge from Actual Longitudinal Change.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Molouki ◽  
Daniel Bartels ◽  
Oleg Urminsky
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
Absolute Magnitude ◽  
Longitudinal Change ◽  
Personal Change ◽  
Future Change ◽  
Change Over Time ◽  
Time Period ◽  
One Year ◽  
Over Time

A one-year longitudinal study was conducted to investigate the accuracy of people’s assessmentsof their own personal change over time. We compared people’s predicted, actual, and recalledchange in their personality, values, and preferences over this time period. On average,participants underestimated the absolute magnitude of their personal change, yet simultaneouslyoverestimated their net improvement, in both prediction and recall. This effect was due to anasymmetry whereby people selectively neglected negative changes, especially prospectively.Although participants in our sample both improved and declined over the year, they were morelikely to remember past improvements than declines, and made nearly uniformly positivepredictions of future change. We discuss how the current findings reconcile researchdemonstrating expectations of personal improvement (e.g., Wilson &amp; Ross, 2001; Kanten &amp;Teigen, 2008) with other research that suggests people overpredict their personal stability(Quoidbach, Gilbert, &amp; Wilson, 2013).

scholarly journals Adolescent friendships predict later resilient functioning across psychosocial domains in a healthy community cohort

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne-Laura Van Harmelen
Keyword(s):  
Family Support ◽  
Psychosocial Functioning ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
Psychiatric Symptomatology ◽  
Family Experiences ◽  
Time Period ◽  
One Year ◽  
Healthy Community ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Adolescence is a key time period for the emergence of psychosocial and mental healthdifficulties. To promote adolescent adaptive (‘resilient’) psychosocial functioning, appropriate conceptualizationand quantification of such functioning and its predictors is a crucial first step. Here,we quantify resilient functioning as the degree to which an individual functions better or worse thanexpected given their self-reported childhood family experiences, and relate this to adolescent familyand friendship support.Method: We used Principal Component and regression analyses to investigate the relationship betweenchildhood family experiences and psychosocial functioning (PSF: psychiatric symptomatology,personality traits and mental wellbeing) in healthy adolescents (the Neuroscience in Psychiatry Network;N=2389; ages 14-24). Residuals from the relation between childhood family experiences andPSF reflect resilient functioning; the degree to which an individual is functioning better, or worse,than expected given their childhood family experiences. Next, we relate family and friendship supportwith resilient functioning both cross-sectionally and one year later.Results: Friendship and family support were positive predictors of immediate resilient psychosocialfunctioning, with friendship support being the strongest predictor. However, whereas friendshipsupport was a significant positive predictor of later resilient functioning, family support had a negativerelationship with later resilient psychosocial functioning.Conclusions: We show that friendship support, but not family support, is an important positive predictorof both immediate and later resilient psychosocial functioning in adolescence and early adulthood.Interventions that promote the skills needed to acquire and sustain adolescent friendshipsmay be crucial in increasing adolescent resilient psychosocial functioning.

scholarly journals Indian Press Coverage of Farmers’ Suicides in Andhra Pradesh: A Content Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
J. Madhu Babu ◽  
S. Raja Rao
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
World Population ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Farmer Suicides ◽  
Cotton Seeds ◽  
The Government ◽  
One Year ◽  
Sample Method

<p>India, consisting of 16 percent of world population subsists only on 2.4 percent land resources.  Agriculture is the only source of livelihood to the two third of the population which gives employment to 57 percent of the workforce. Agriculture in India is often regarded as gambling with monsoons, because of its almost exclusive dependency on precipitation from monsoons. The failure of monsoons leading to a series of droughts, lack of better prices, exploitation by middlemen, and Gene Modified (GM) seed companies who are selling expensive cotton seeds and fertilizers, all of which have led to a series of suicides committed by farmers across India. Farmers' suicides are a complex phenomenon. Since the 1990s farmer suicides in India have made headlines.  The journalist   Palagummi Sainath highlighted that 17,500 farmers were suicides between 2002 to 2006. The government figures show 14,000 farmers took their own lives in 2011. The total number of farmers’ suicides crossed 3 lakh mark till in 2014.  That most suicides occurred in the states of Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Kerala and Punjab. This study seeks to investigate news items on farmers’ suicides in the Indian newspapers. A quantitative content analysis was adopted in this research. This study used two English dailies i.e. The Hindu and The New Indian Express and two Telugu dailies i.e. Eenadu and Andhrajyothi were taken for analysis. It is not a random sample.  In this, a purposive sample method was adopted. The selection time period was one year i.e. from January 1, 2015, to December 31, 2015. Keeping in view ten subject categories have been mainly identified for this research. All the data collected were analyzed simple percentage and mean, standard deviation, ANOVA, Chi-square have been used for analysis. </p>

Coverage of Government and Judiciary Relationship: A Study of Urdu and English Newspapers of Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 131-139
Author(s):  
Behramand Durrani ◽  
◽  
Riffat Alam
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Supreme Court ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Government Performance ◽  
Time Period ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Government ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One ◽  
National Reconciliation

This present study analyzes the role played by the media during the controversy between Government of Pakistan and its Supreme Court in 2012. This study is particularly focused on the issues pertinent to the National Reconciliation Ordinance (NRO) case. It employed content analysis as research study and quantitatively examined the columns in the Pakistani newspapers; including, Dawn and Daily Jang for the one year time period in the year 2012. A conflicting relationship has been found between the government and judiciary concerning the National reconciliation ordinance (NRO). It was concluded that Dawn and Daily Jang, both newspapers, follow the same agenda about the NRO issue as both of these newspapers offered negative coverage of this issue. Compared to Jang, Dawn was more inclined to the negative framing of judiciary, and Jang was inclined to the negative reporting of government performance. Hence, the Pakistani Print media has framed the issues negatively between the government and the judiciary. Frequent negative slants were observed in Urdu newspaper as compared to English newspaper.

Factors Influencing Time to Decrease in Intraoperative Parathyroid Hormone (ioPTH) Levels in Patients Undergoing Focused Parathyroidectomy (FP)

2018 ◽  
Vol 84 (6) ◽  
pp. 772-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neal Bhutiani ◽  
Beunca Graffree ◽  
Robert C.G. Martin ◽  
Amy R. Quillo
Keyword(s):  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Lower Baseline ◽  
Focused Parathyroidectomy ◽  
Potential Factors ◽  
One Year ◽  
Intraoperative Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Cure Rates

The aim of this study was to evaluate potential factors affecting the time period in which a 50 per cent parathyroid hormone (PTH) drop is observed. Eight-seven patients undergoing focused parathyroidectomy between 2011 and 2015, whose PTH values dropped to within normal range, were grouped according to whether they required > or ≤15 minutes after gland excision to achieve a 50 per cent PTH. Groups were compared according to preoperative PTH, calcium, age, glomer-ular filtration rate, and adenoma weight. Lower preoperative and preincision PTH levels were associated with requiring >15 minutes to achieve a >50 per cent drop in ioPTH. Time to >50 per cent ioPTH drop did not affect cure rates at one year, though a >15 minutes requirement was associated with higher serum calcium levels (P = 0.015). Lower baseline PTH and preincision PTH levels are significantly associated with a >15 minutes postexcision time to achieve a >50 per cent drop in ioPTH. Future analyses are warranted to determine whether a longer postexcision time threshold before proceeding with four-gland exploration is warranted in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism and mildly elevated preoperative PTH.

scholarly journals Induction of labour and its feto-maternal outcome

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 2748
Author(s):  
Mridu Sinha ◽  
Shashi Bala Arya ◽  
Shashi Saxena ◽  
Nitant Sood
Keyword(s):  
Vaginal Delivery ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Relative Effect ◽  
Induction Of Labour ◽  
Labour Induction ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
One Year

Background: Induction of labour is an iatrogenic deliberate attempt to terminate the pregnancy in order to achieve vaginal delivery in cases of valid indication. It should be carefully supervised as it is a challenge to the clinician, mother and the fetus. Aim of this study was to find out common indications for IOL in a tertiary care teaching centre and its feto-maternal outcome.Methods: An institutional based retrospective observational study was conducted to describe the prevalence of labour induction and factors associated with its outcome, during the time-period of one year from January 2018 to December 2018, at SRMS IMS, Bareilly. Logistic regression analysis was employed to assess the relative effect of determinants and statistical tests were used to see the associations.Results: Most of the patients were primigravidas of younger age-group. Idiopathic oligohydramnios and postdatism were the commonest indications for induction of labour and Misoprost was the commonest drug used for it. Though majority had vaginal delivery, as the method was changed to combined method it was significantly associated with increased likelihood of LSCS. Similarly there was increased association with maternal cervico-vaginal tear / lacerations as the method was changed to combined type. However there were no association between post-partum hemorrhage, meconium stained liquor or fetal distress.Conclusions: Common indications for induction of labour were oligohydramnios and postdatism. Misoprost can be safely used for induction of labour without any increased risk for LSCS or any fetal / neonatal risks.

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