scholarly journals Hubungan Pola Asuh Orangtua dengan Persepsi Pencapaian Perkembangan Kognitif Anak SD di Masa Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh

2022 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-129
Author(s):  
Nathania Immanuela Ony ◽  
Penny Handayani
Keyword(s):  
Spearman Correlation

Pendidikan adalah salah satu hal yang penting bagi perkembangan anak sekolah dasar (SD). Pada umumnya, proses pembelajaran di sekolah dilakukan secara tatap muka di dalam kelas (pembelajaran langsung). COVID-19 muncul dengan cara penyebaran yang mudah dan membuat pemerintah mengeluarkan kebijakan Belajar Dari Rumah. Hal ini menguatkan kembali peran orangtua sebagai pendidik utama anak, yang diterapkan dengan pola pengasuhan yang berbeda-beda. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan hubungan antara pola asuh orangtua dengan persepsi pencapaian perkembangan kognitif anak SD pada masa Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh. Sebanyak 220 partisipan telah mengisi kuesioner melalui google forms dan dianalisis dengan metode Spearman Correlation. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan korelasi yang signifikan antara kedua variabel (r(218) = 0.343, p<.01), yang menandakan adanya hubungan antara pola asuh orangtua dengan persepsi pencapaian perkembangan kognitif anak SD pada masa Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh.

Expression Levels of MicroRNA-125b in Serum Exosomes of Patients with Asthma of Different Severity and its Diagnostic Significance

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 781-784 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meizhen Zhao ◽  
Li Juanjuan ◽  
Fan Weijia ◽  
Xie Jing ◽  
Huang Qiuhua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Persistent Asthma ◽  
Asthma Severity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Spearman Correlation ◽  
Diagnostic Efficacy ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Serum Exosomes

Background: This study aimed to investigate the expression levels of microRNA (miRNA)-125b in serum exosomes and its diagnostic efficacy for asthma severity. Methods: The study included 80 patients with untreated asthma and 80 healthy volunteers. The patients were divided into 4 groups according to disease severity: 20 with the intermittent state, 20 with the mildly persistent state, 20 with the moderately persistent state, and 20 with the severely persistent state. The expression levels of miRNA-125b in serum exosomes of each group were detected using a quantitative polymerase chain reaction and compared. The Spearman correlation analysis was used to study the correlation between the expression levels of miRNA-125b in serum exosomes and asthma severity. The diagnostic efficacy of the expression levels of miRNA-125b in exosomes for asthma severity was evaluated using the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: The expression levels of miRNA-125b in serum exosomes of patients with intermittent, mildly persistent, moderately persistent, and severely persistent asthma were all higher than those in the healthy control group, with statistically significant differences. The expression levels of miRNA-125b were also statistically significantly different among patients in each group. The Spearman correlation analysis showed a positive correlation of the relative expression of miRNA-125b in serum exosomes with asthma severity. The area under the ROC curve of the diagnostic efficacy of miRNA-125b in serum exosomes for patients with intermittent, mildly, moderately, and severely persistent asthma was 0.7770, 0.8573, 0.9111, and 0.9995, respectively. Conclusion: The expression levels of miRNA-125b in serum exosomes had a high diagnostic efficacy and might serve as a noninvasive diagnostic marker for asthma severity.

scholarly journals Flammability Characteristics of Thermally Modified Meranti Wood Treated with Natural and Synthetic Fire Retardants

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 2160
Author(s):  
Milan Gaff ◽  
Hana Čekovská ◽  
Jiří Bouček ◽  
Danica Kačíková ◽  
Ivan Kubovský ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burning Rate ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Thermal Modification ◽  
Positive Contribution ◽  
Spearman Correlation ◽  
Chemical Changes ◽  
Combustion Properties ◽  
Flammability Characteristics ◽  
Thermally Modified Wood ◽  
Modified Wood

This paper deals with the effect of synthetic and natural flame retardants on flammability characteristics and chemical changes in thermally treated meranti wood (Shorea spp.). The basic chemical composition (extractives, lignin, holocellulose, cellulose, and hemicelluloses) was evaluated to clarify the relationships of temperature modifications (160 °C, 180 °C, and 210 °C) and incineration for 600 s. Weight loss, burning speed, the maximum burning rate, and the time to reach the maximum burning rate were evaluated. Relationships between flammable properties and chemical changes in thermally modified wood were evaluated with the Spearman correlation. The thermal modification did not confirm a positive contribution to the flammability and combustion properties of meranti wood. The effect of the synthetic retardant on all combustion properties was significantly higher compared to that of the natural retardant.

Handwriting in Alzheimer’s Disease

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Margarete Delazer ◽  
Laura Zamarian ◽  
Atbin Djamshidian
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Typical Feature ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Spearman Correlation ◽  
Writing Difficulties ◽  
Motor Programs ◽  
Processing Level ◽  
Diagnostic Values

Background: Agraphia is a typical feature in the clinical course of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Objective: Assess the differences between AD and normal aging as regards kinematographic features of handwriting and elucidate writing deficits in AD. Methods: The study included 23 patients with AD (78.09 years/SD = 7.12; MMSE 21.39/SD = 3.61) and 34 healthy controls (75.56 years/SD = 5.85; MMSE 29.06/SD = 0.78). Both groups performed alphabetical and non-alphabetical writing tasks. The kinematographic assessment included the average number of inversions per stroke (NIV; number of peaks in the velocity profile in a single up or down stroke), percentage of automated segments, frequency (average number of strokes per second), writing pressure, and writing velocity on paper. Results: A total of 14 patients showed overt writing difficulties reflected by omissions or substitutions of letters. AD patients showed less automated movements (as measured by NIV), lower writing velocity, and lower frequency of up-and-down strokes in non-alphabetical as well as in alphabetical writing. In the patient group, Spearman correlation analysis between overt writing performance and NIV was significant. That means patients who had less errors in writing a sentence showed a higher automaticity in handwriting. The correctness of alphabetical writing and some kinematographic measures in writing non-alphabetical material reached excellent diagnostic values in ROC analyses. There was no difference in the application of pressure on the pen between patients and controls. Conclusion: Writing disorders are multi-componential in AD and not strictly limited to one processing level. The slow and poorly automated execution of motor programs is not bound to alphabetical material.

scholarly journals Particles and corrected particles of LDL and non-HDL are stronger predicters of coronary lesion in postmenopausal women

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuang Li ◽  
Jingxun Chen ◽  
Siyue Wei ◽  
Mei Zhang ◽  
Yushun Chu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Apolipoprotein B ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Spearman Correlation ◽  
Coronary Lesion

Abstract Background The optimum lipid indexes, predicting the coronary lesion in postmenopausal women are not clear. Objective To evaluate the optimum lipid predicter for coronary lesion in routine and advanced lipid tests. Method 300 postmenopausal women were enrolled and assigned into coronary heart disease (CHD) Group (242), and non-CHD Group (58). Routine and advanced lipid indexes were measured with standard laboratory test and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The correlation and predictivities for CHD of routine and advanced lipid indexes were performed with Logistic regression, Spearman correlation analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC). Results Age (hazard ratio (HR) 2.58, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.08–5.86, P = 0.03), apolipoprotein B (ApoB) (HR 1.35, 95% CI 1.15–1.59, P < 0.001), corrected particles of low-density lipoprotein (LDL-p-corr) (HR 1.05, 95% CI 1.03–1.06, P < 0.001) and corrected particles of non-high-density lipoprotein (non-HDL-p-corr) (HR 1.02, 95% CI 1.01–1.03, P < 0.001) were the risk factors of CHD. LDL cholesterol (LDL-C), LDL-p, LDL-p-corr, HDL cholesterol (HDL-C), non-HDL cholesterol (non-HDL-C), non-HDL-p and non-HDL-p-corr were in linear correlation with Gensini score. Advanced lipid indexes LDL-p (area under curve (AUC) = 0.750, P = 0.02), LDL-p-corr (AUC = 0.759, P = 0.02), non-HDL-p (AUC = 0.693, P = 0.03) and non-HDL-p-corr (AUC = 0.699, P = 0.03) were more predictive for CHD than the routine ones (LDL-C and non-HDL-C). Conclusion In postmenopausal women, age, ApoB, LDL-p-corr and non-HDL-p-corr were risk factors of CHD. Compared with traditional lipid items, LDL-p, LDL-p-corr, non-HDL-p and non-HDL-p-corr may be better lipid indexes for CHD in postmenopausal women.

scholarly journals Dietary intake of tocopherols and risk of incident disabling dementia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shoko Aoki ◽  
Kazumasa Yamagishi ◽  
Koutatsu Maruyama ◽  
Rie Kishida ◽  
Ai Ikeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Independent Effect ◽  
Spearman Correlation ◽  
Total Tocopherol ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Acid Intake ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Linoleic Acid Intake ◽  
History Of

AbstractTocopherols, strong antioxidants, may be useful in preventing dementia, but the epidemiological evidence is insufficient. We performed a community-based follow-up study of Japanese, the Circulatory Risk in Community Study, involving 3739 people aged 40–64 years at baseline (1985–1999). Incident disabling dementia was followed up from 1999 through 2020. For subtype analysis, we classified disabling dementia into that with and that without a history of stroke. Dietary intake of tocopherols (total, α, β, γ, and δ) were estimated using 24-h recall surveys. During a median follow-up of 19.7 years, 670 cases of disabling dementia developed. Total tocopherol intake was inversely associated with risk of disabling dementia with multivariable hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) of 0.79 (0.63–1.00) for the highest versus lowest quartiles of total tocopherol intake (P for trend = 0.05). However, the association was strengthened when further adjusted for α-linolenic acid intake (Spearman correlation with total tocopherol intake = 0.93), with multivariable hazard ratios of 0.50 (0.34–0.74) (P for trend = 0.001) but was weakened and nonsignificant when further adjusted for linoleic acid intake (Spearman correlation with total tocopherol intake = 0.92), with multivariable hazard ratios of 0.69 (0.47–1.01) (P for trend = 0.05). Similar but nonsignificant inverse associations were observed for α-, γ-, and δ-tocopherols but not for β-tocopherol. These results were similar regardless of the presence of a history of stroke. Dietary tocopherol intake was inversely associated with risk of disabling dementia, but its independent effect was uncertain owing to a high intercorrelation of α-linolenic linoleic acids with total tocopherol intake. Even with such confounding, a diet high in tocopherols may help prevent the onset of dementia.

scholarly journals New screening tool for neonatal nutritional risk in China: a validation study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. e042467
Author(s):  
Mei Zhou ◽  
Yuwei Li ◽  
Huaying Yin ◽  
Xianhong Zhang ◽  
Yan Hu
Keyword(s):  
Validation Study ◽  
Head Circumference ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Nutritional Risk ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Spearman Correlation ◽  
Nutrition Risk ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Nutritional Risk Screening

ObjectiveA neonatal nutritional risk screening tool (NNRST) was developed by using Delphi and analytic hierarchy processes in China. We verified the accuracy of this tool and analysed whether it effectively screened neonates with nutritional risk.DesignProspective validation study.Setting and participantsIn total, 338 neonates who were admitted to the neonatal unit of Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from May–July 2016 completed the study. Nutritional risk screening and length and head circumference measurements were performed weekly. Weight was measured every morning, and other relevant clinical data were recorded during hospitalisation.Main outcome measuresWe evaluated the sensitivity, specificity, validity, reliability, and positive and negative predictive value of the screening tool. Various characteristics of neonates in different risk groups were analysed to determine the rationality of the nutritional risk classification.ResultsThe sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were 85.11%, 91.07%, 60.61% and 97.43%, respectively. The criterion validity was texted by the Spearman correlation analysis (r=0.530) and independent samples non-parametric tests (p=0.000). The content validity (Spearman correlation coefficient) was 0.321–0.735. The inter-rater reliability (kappa value) was 0.890. Among the neonatal clinical indicators, gestational age, birth weight, length, admission head circumference, admission albumin, admission total proteins, discharge weight, discharge length and head circumference decreased with increasing nutrition risk level; the length of stay and the rate of parenteral nutrition support increased with increasing nutrition risk level. In the comparison of complications during hospitalisation, the incidence of necrotising enterocolitis and congenital gastrointestinal malformation increased with increasing nutrition risk level.ConclusionThe validation results for the NNRST are reliable. The tool can be used to preliminarily determine the degree of neonatal nutritional risk, but its predictive value needs to be determined in future large-sample studies.Trial registration numberChiCTR2000033743.

Impact of Voice and Swallowing Problems in the Elderly

2008 ◽  
Vol 139 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. P50-P50
Author(s):  
Richard Turley ◽  
Seth M Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
T Test ◽  
Barriers To Treatment ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Spearman Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Swallowing Problems

Objective 1) Evaluate the prevalence of and quality of life impact of voice and swallowing problems in the elderly. 2) Determine treatment trends and barriers to treatment. Methods Cross-sectional study of independent living residents in 2 retirement communities. Main outcome measures include prevalence of dysphonia and dysphagia, Voice Related Quality of Life (VRQOL), 7-point Likert scale of dysphagia severity, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale, and barriers to treatment. Relationship between continuous variables were analyzed with Spearman correlation and between categorical and continuous variables with a t-test. Results 248 residents responded, with a mean age of 82.4 years. 19.8% had dysphonia, 13.7% dysphagia, and 6% both. Respondents with more severe swallowing difficulty had greater impairment on the VRQOL (p = 0.04, Spearman correlation = −0.4). Respondents with both dysphonia and dysphagia had greater depression scores than those with neither symptom (mean CES-D score 15.5 versus 9.9, p = 0.008, t-test). While 75% of respondents with dysphonia were interested in treatment, only 20.4% and 2.1% had sought treatment for dysphonia and dysphagia, respectively. Being unaware of treatment options, and viewing voice and swallowing trouble as a normal part of aging, were the two most common reasons for not seeking treatment. Conclusions Voice and swallowing problems are common in the elderly but they are not realizing potential treatment benefits. Improved health care services for voice and swallowing problems in the elderly are essential.

The Relationship of Undifferentiated Mesenchymal Cells to TMJ Articular Tissue Thickness

1992 ◽  
Vol 71 (11) ◽  
pp. 1816-1821 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.A. Bibb ◽  
A.G. Pullinger ◽  
F. Baldioceda
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Spearman Correlation ◽  
Articular Eminence ◽  
Tissue Thickness ◽  
Cartilage Layer ◽  
Soft Tissue Thickness ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Undifferentiated mesenchymal (UM) cells, the progenitor cells of the cartilage layer, have been assigned a significant role in TMJ articular tissue maintenance. This was based on reports of UM cell reduction with increased soft-tissue thickness for the condyle and temporal component. However, the strength of this inverse relationship was not presented and remained unclear. The purpose of the present study was to assess the strength of the correlation between UM cell presence and soft-tissue thickness in young adult TMJs at autopsy. Sagittal histological sections from the central thirds of 50 joints were evaluated with respect to articular soft-tissue thickness, histological character, and UM cell presence in the condyle and temporal component. The superior sector ofthe condyle and the articular eminence showed the greatest variability in soft-tissue thickness and were the only areas to show localized UM cell absence. The eminence was the only location to show an inverse relationship between soft-tissue thickness and UM cell presence, and this was consistent in both an ANOVA (p = 0.0016) and a Spearman correlation analysis. However, the strength of this correlation was only moderate (rho = -0.52), and no such relationship was observed in any other location. This study suggests that the relationship between UM cell presence and soft-tissue thickness is more complex than previously hypothesized and that the contribution of UM cells to articular tissue maintenance has been overstated, while other biological processes were overlooked.

Distal Tibiofibular Syndesmotic Widening in Progressive Collapsing Foot Deformity

2021 ◽  
pp. 107110072098290
Author(s):  
Elijah Auch ◽  
Nacime Salomao Barbachan Mansur ◽  
Thiago Alexandre Alves ◽  
Christopher Cychosz ◽  
Francois Lintz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Foot And Ankle ◽  
Spearman Correlation ◽  
Foot Deformity ◽  
Weak Correlation ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Valgus Instability ◽  
Retrospective Comparative Study ◽  
Control Study

Background: Lateral overload in progressive collapsing foot deformity (PCFD) takes place as hindfoot valgus, peritalar subluxation, and valgus instability of the ankle increase. Fibular strain due to chronic lateral impingement may lead to distraction forces over the distal tibiofibular syndesmosis (DTFS). This study aimed to assess and correlate the severity of the foot and ankle offset (FAO) as a marker of progressive PCFD with the amount of DTFS widening and to compare it to controls. Methods: In this case-control study, 62 symptomatic patients with PCFD and 29 controls who underwent standing weightbearing computed tomography (WBCT) examination were included. Two fellowship-trained blinded orthopedic foot and ankle surgeons performed FAO (%) and DTFS area measurements (mm2). DTFS was assessed semiautomatically on axial-plane WBCT images, 1 cm proximal to the apex of the tibial plafond. Values were compared between patients with PCFD and controls, and Spearman correlation between FAO and DTFS area measurements was assessed. P values of less than .05 were considered significant. Results: Patients with PCFD demonstrated significantly increased FAO and DTFS measurements in comparison to controls. A mean difference of 6.9% ( P < .001) in FAO and 10.4 mm2 ( P = .026) in DTFS was observed. A significant but weak correlation was identified between the variables, with a Þ of 0.22 ( P = .03). A partition predictive model demonstrated that DTFS area measurements were highest when FAO values were between 7% and 9.3%, with mean (SD) values of 92.7 (22.4) mm2. Conclusion: To our knowledge, this was the first study to assess syndesmotic widening in patients with PCFD. We found patients with PCFD to demonstrate increased DTFS area measurements compared to controls, with a mean difference of approximately 10 mm2. A significantly weak positive correlation was found between FAO and DTFS area measurements, with the highest syndesmotic widening occurring when FAO values were between 7% and 9.3%. Our study findings suggest that chronic lateral impingement in patients with PCFD can result in a negative biomechanical impact on syndesmotic alignment, with increased DTFS stress and subsequent widening. Level of Evidence: Level III, retrospective comparative study.

The Effects of Prepaid Metering Systems on Customer Satisfaction in Niger State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayooluwa Femi Aribisala ◽  
Musa Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Customer Satisfaction ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Spearman Correlation ◽  
Electricity Use ◽  
Customer Care ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction ◽  
Multiple Regression Models ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Energy consumers in Nigeria have long complained about Distribution Companies' unfair billing practices, exorbitant monthly electricity bills resulting from meter estimation rather than accurate meter reading and calculation based on uninterrupted electricity use. The objectives of the study were to establish the relationship between the prepaid metering system and customer satisfaction; and to evaluate the level of satisfaction with respect to the usage of the prepaid metering system in Niger State, Nigeria. In carrying out the study, the structured questionnaire was administered to 393 randomly chosen respondents drawn from prepaid meter users, out of which 344 responded generating a response rate of 87.5%. The data derived were subjected to spearman correlation and multiple regression models. The major findings from the study showed a significant, moderate and positive relationship between the prepaid metering system and customer satisfaction. Additionally, three significant predictors, Affordability, Availability and Flexibility with p < .01 are statistically significant. Further findings from descriptive statistics revealed that users had the highest level of satisfaction with the privacy they had as a result of no meter readers and no accumulated. The study concluded that there exist a positive and beneficial link between the prepaid metering system and customer satisfaction. The study therefore recommends the provision of a smart metering system, good customer care units and a marketing campaign for better knowledge of the prepaid metering system.

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