scholarly journals Effects of Incorporating Biochar into the Soil Using Power Tiller and Ox-Plough

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Masauso Ndhlovu ◽  
Nicholas Kiggundu ◽  
Joshua Wanyama ◽  
Noble Banadda
Keyword(s):  
Water Retention ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Soil Water Retention ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Power Tiller ◽  
Plot Design

Existing knowledge about biochar is derived from trials where biochar incorporation into the soil is done by hands, a practice too tedious to scale-up to commercial levels. To enhance scalability, biochar incorporation needs to be integrated into conventional mechanised tillage systems. This study aimed at assessing the effects of incorporating biochar by power tiller and ox-plough on soil water retention, maize growth and yield. A 2 x 3 factorial experiment was conducted in a split-plot design with biochar incorporating method as a main plot factor and biochar level as subplot factor, on ferralsols of central Uganda. Incorporation methods were by power tiller and ox-plough with hand mixing in planting basins as a control, while levels of biochar were 0 and 10 t ha-1 application rates. Data was analysed using two-way ANOVAs in Minitab for significant differences among incorporation methods. Results showed that incorporating biochar by power tiller significantly increased water retention effect of biochar by 27.5% (p < 0.05), while no significant effect was observed (p ≥ 0.05) when incorporated by ox-plough, compared to hand mixing. No significant difference on growth and yield was observed (p ≥ 0.05) as a result of incorporating biochar by power tiller and ox-plough instead of hands in planting basins. These findings suggest that biochar incorporation can be scaled-up, to commercial levels, through the use of power tiller and ox-plough, without negative effects on biochar performance. It is recommended that promotion of biochar technology encompasses the use of power tillers and ox-ploughs to enhance scalability. 

Comparisons among soil tillage system and their impacts to the tested rice varieties on lowland rainfed alluvial in Aceh Jaya

Food Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 173-178
Author(s):  
H. Helmi ◽  
A.A. Munawar ◽  
B. Bakhtiar ◽  
Z. Zulfahmi
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Pca Analysis ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Plot Design

This research was aimed to determine the effect of tillage and varieties on rice growth and yield. This research used a Split Plot Design (SPD) where the land was cultivated (T) as the main plot and rice varieties as subplots (V) repeated three times. The main factors as the main plot consist of three levels, namely: without soil tillage (T0), minimum soil tillage (T1), and perfect soil tillage (T2). The second factor is 5 level varieties, namely: Tinggong (V1), Ciherang (V2), Cibogo (V3), Inpari-13 (V4), and Situ Bagendit (V5). Data were also projected onto principal component analysis (PCA) to observe differences and affected factors related to the soil tillage system. The results showed that the system of tillage had a very significant effect on the yield per hectare. There was no significant difference in yield between the minimum tillage and the perfect tillage. Variety had a very significant effect on plant height at eight weeks after planting (WAP), the number of tillers at 8 WAP, panicle length per clump, the amount of grains, percentage of full grain per clump, percentage of empty grain per hill, the weight of grain per panicle, weight 1,000 grain and yield per hectare. The Cibogo variety gave the highest yield, namely 4.86 ton/ha. Based on PCA analysis, plant height, the total amount of grain, and filled grain are highly affected by the soil tillage system.

scholarly journals Response of Two Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Varieties to Rates of Blended Fertilizer and Row Spacing at Tselemti District, Northern Ethiopia

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Tesfahun Mekuanint ◽  
Yemane Tsehaye ◽  
Yemane G. Egziabher
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Northern Ethiopia ◽  
Cicer Arietinum L ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Fertilizer Rates ◽  
Plot Design

Effects of row spacing, blended fertilizer rates, and varieties on some agronomic traits of chickpea were evaluated with the objective of investigating response of Kabuli and Desi type chick pea varieties to blended fertilizers rates and interrow spacing. The study was done using split plot design interrow spacing as a main plot, and fertilizer and variety as a subplot, where three row spacings (20 cm, 30 cm, and 40 cm) were assigned to the main plot while the factorial combination of four blended (NPSB) fertilizer rates (0 kg/ha, 50 kg/ha, 100 kg/ha, and 150 kg/ha) and representative of Kabuli and Desi type chickpea varieties such as Arerti and Mariye, respectively, were assigned to the subplot. Main effect of interrow spacing did not show significant difference on many studied agronomic parameters. Similarly, main effect of blended fertilizer rates and varieties did not reveal a significant difference for the studied parameters. However, significant differences were obtained on phenology, yield components, and yield for the varieties. Blended fertilizer rates utilized in Tselemti District did not show differences in most of studied traits. Reasonable row spacing of 20 cm for both types of chickpea could be used for the studied area.

scholarly journals Performance of Wheat as Affected by Different Irrigation Levels and Sowing Dates

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-85
Author(s):  
Md Sohel Mahmud ◽  
Md Jafar Ullah ◽  
Md Abdullahil Baque ◽  
Lutfun Naher ◽  
Sayed Mohammad Mohsin
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Irrigation Levels ◽  
1000 Grain Weight ◽  
Plot Design

The experiment was conducted to determine the effect of irrigations and sowing dates on growth and yield performance of wheat in the experimental field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period of November 18, 2012 to March 30, 2013. The experiment was comprised of two factors, viz. factor A: two irrigations namely irrigation (I) and no irrigation i.e. control (I0), and factor B: three sowing dates such as S1: 1st sowing on 18 November, S2: 2nd sowing on 03 December and S3: 3rd sowing on 18 December. The experiment was laid out in a split plot design with three replications. Irrigation was assigned in the main plot, while sowing time was in the sub-plots. Data on grain yield and different yield contributing characters were taken after harvest. Results indicated that the highest grain yield was obtained with I (2.915 t ha-1) and S1 (2.983 t ha-1). The interaction of irrigation (I) and sowing on 18 November (S1) showed the maximum yield (3.387t ha-1), spike length (17.08 cm), 1000 grain weight (43.4 g), spikelets spike-1 (20.03) and grain spike-1 (65.58) of wheat.The Agriculturists 2016; 14(2) 77-85

scholarly journals Response of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) to Lime and Different Levels of Sulphur

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 585-589
Author(s):  
Imnatemjen Aier ◽  
◽  
D. Nongmaithem ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Pod Yield ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Stover Yield ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Kernel Yield ◽  
Plot Design

A field experiment was conducted in the Experimental Research Farm of School of Agricultural Sciences and Rural Development (SASRD), Nagaland University during the kharif season 2018. Groundnut variety ICGS-76 was sown @ 70 kg ha-1 for 60×20 cm2 spacing. The experiment was laid in split plot design with three replications. The main plot treatments consisted of two lime levels: lime @ 0 t ha-1 and lime @ 3 t ha-1 while the sub- plot treatments consisted of five sulphur levels: sulphur @ (0 kg ha-1, 10 kg ha-1, 20 kg ha-1, 30 kg ha-1 and 40 kg ha-1 along with recommended dose of fertilizer at 20:60:40 kg N, P2O5 and K2O ha-1 respectively in the form of diammonium phosphate and murate of potash. The results showed that application of lime @ 3 t ha-1 gave higher growth and yield attributes compared to no lime and also application of sulphur @ 40 kg ha-1 gave higher growth and yield attributes compared to lower doses of sulphur though there was only slight increase in the attributes between each successive doses of sulphur. Overall application of lime and sulphur increased all the yield attributes of groundnut, where the highest number of pods plant-1, seeds pod-1, 100 kernels weight, pod yield, kernel yield and stover yield were recorded when treatment was done with lime @ 3 t ha1 and sulphur @ 40 kg ha-1.

scholarly journals Performance of Hybrid Rice (Bio-453) In Variation of Spacing and Number of Seedling Per Hill

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-37
Author(s):  
D Chowdhury ◽  
M Biswas ◽  
MNH Miah ◽  
P Mandal ◽  
MS Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Rice ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Plant Spacing ◽  
Rice Line ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
1000 Grain Weight ◽  
Plot Design

Hybrid rice production can ensure to get more yields per unit land. The research work was carried out to evaluate the effect of number of seedling hill-1 and spacing on the growth and yield of hybrid rice line Bio-453. The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design with 3 replications at the field of Agronomy and Haor Agriculture Department of Sylhet Agricultural University, under the AEZ 20 in Kharif-II (Aman) season of 2013. Number of seedling hill-1 was assigned in the main plot and plant spacing in the sub-plot. Two levels of seedling hill-1 viz. NS1 (1 seedling hill-1) and NS2 (2 seedlings hill-1) and five levels of plant spacing viz. Sp1 (15 cm  X 15 cm), Sp2 (15 cm X 20 cm) and Sp3 (20 cm X 20 cm), Sp4 (20 cm X 25 cm) and Sp5 (20 cm X 30 cm) were the treatments. Number of seedling hill-1 and plant spacing showed significant effect in yield and yield contributing parameters except days to maturity, plant height, 1000-grain weight, total tillers hill-1, number of effective tillers hill-1, harvest index and grains panicle-1. Maximum grain yield (9.43 t ha-1), straw yield (16.27 t ha-1) and biological yield (25.70 t ha-1) were obtained from 1 seedling hill-1 (NS1) with the closest spacing 15 cm X 15 cm Therefore,  one seedling hill-1 with 15 cm distance for plant and row to row distance could  ensure maximum yield of hybrid rice line Bio-453. Bangladesh Agron. J. 2019, 22(1): 27-37

scholarly journals Pengaruh Jarak Tanam dan Pemangkasan terhadap Kualitas Silase Dua Varietas Jagung (Zea mays L.)

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-25
Author(s):  
La Karimuna ◽  
Safitri Safitri ◽  
La Ode Sabaruddin
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Local Variety ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Effect Of Treatment ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Plot Design

Effects of crop arrangement and cutting on the silages quality of two varieties of maize (Zea mays L.)ABSTRACT. The objective of this experiment was to study the interaction effect of varieties, spacing and cutting on the quality of silage as foodstuff. The experiment had been conducted from January to April, 2007 at the experimental Garden of Faculty of Agriculture, University of Haluoleo. This experiment was arranged in Split-Split plot design with three factors. The first factor was variety as main plot, consisting of BISI-2 variety and local variety; the second factor was space arrangement as sub plot, consisting of 60 cm x 40 cm (J1), 75 cm x 40 cm (J2), 90 cm x 40 cm (J3), the third factor was cutting period as sub plot, consisting of no cutting (Po), cutting on 40 days (P1), and cutting on 55 days (P2). So that there were 2 x 3 x 3 x 3 = 54 experimental units. Analysis of variance was applied to know the effect of treatment. If so, least significant difference (LSD) 0.05 (95 %) confidence level was used. Variables observed was plant growth determining silages quality, consisting of quality of crude protein, crude fiber, crude fat, and water. Results of research revealed that interaction affect of spacing and cutting periods on 40 days of BISI-2 variety gave the best yield of plant growth for plant height. While the local variety tended to adverse effect of cutting. However, the quality of silages of two varieties tended to be similar. Every crop spacing had a positive effect of cutting on 40 days. The best quality of silages of two varieties was resulted from the interaction between spacing 75 cm x 40 cm and cutting of 40 days.

scholarly journals Aplikasi Indigenous Microorganism (Em-4) dan Pupuk Kompos Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Tanaman Cabai Merah (Capsicum annum L.) pada Tanah Ultisol

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 114
Author(s):  
Ratna Shanti
Keyword(s):  
Economic Value ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Quadratic Regression ◽  
Indigenous Microorganism ◽  
Compost Application ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Plot Design

Red Chilli is commodity of vegetable that has high economic value, but still has slow productivity. The objective of this study was identify the effect of indigenous microorganism (EM 4) application and compost to increased the growth and yield of Red Chilli Plant (Cappcicum annum L) on Ultisol. Field trial was conducted on Ultisols in Horticulture Experimental Station, BatuahLoajanan, Kutai Kartanegara. The soil was characterized by low fertility status. The amount of organic matter and microbial acivity are very low. This trial was started on January until April 2017 using Split Plot Design with three replications Main plot consisted of two levels treatment i.e. without EM-4 (E0) as control and Effective Mikroorganisms-4 (E). Sub-plot was four rates of organic compost i.e. 0, 10, 20 and 30 tons ha-1 and chili was used as test plant.Results indicated that EM-4 treatment showed a significant effect on fruit yield of chilli. It increased the fruit yield 38 percent compare to control. Compost application significantly increased on fruit yield. The relationship between unfermented compost rate and fruit yield shows a linear regression YE0 = 1.699 + 0.047 X (r = 0.95) and quadratic regression for EM-4 fermented compost YE1 = 1,175 + 0,319 X – 0.007 X2(R2 = 0.603). Optimum compost rate was 23 ton.ha-1.To increased fruit yield of chilli, EM-4 fermented compost should be applied into and it can decreased compost rate application.

scholarly journals Growth Response and Yield of Three Shallot Varieties on The Various Mixed of UREA + ZA in Ultisol Soil

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-51
Author(s):  
Lily Marlina ◽  
Joko Purnomo ◽  
Hilda Susanti
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Interaction Effect ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Affected Plant ◽  
Split Plot ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Plot Design

This study aimed to: (1) identify the interaction effect between varieties and mixed doses of urea + ZA on the growth and yield of shallots in Ultisol soil; (2) to identify the effect of each shallot varieties and the dosage mixture of urea + ZA which produce the highest yield in Ultisol soils. The research was conducted from April to June 2019 in Tungkaran Village, Martapura, with a split plot design. The main plot was shallot varieties (V) with three levels, namely Biru Lancor (v1), Bima Brebes (v2), and Super Philip (v3). Subplots were a mixture of urea + ZA (P) with four levels, namely 0 kg urea + 600 kg ZA (p1), 100 kg urea + ZA 400 kg (p2), 200 kg urea + 200 kg ZA (p3), and 300 urea kg + ZA 0 kg (p4). Each experiment was repeated three times. Therefore, there were 36 experimental units. Observation parameters included plant height, number of leaves per clump, number of bulbs per clump, fresh bulbs' weight per clump, and yield of stored dry bulbs. The results showed that the Bima Brebes variety (v2) had a significant effect on plant height, number of leaves, number of bulbs per clump, the weight of fresh bulbs per clump, and yield of stored dry bulbs. The mixture of 200 kg urea + 200 g ZA (p3) significantly affected plant height, number of leaves, number of tubers per clump, the weight of fresh tubers per clump, and yield of stored dry tubers.

scholarly journals Respons fisiologi pertumbuhan dan hasil tiga genotip jawawut terhadap cekaman kekeringan

Jurnal Agro ◽  
10.15575/4590 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-48
Author(s):  
Yuyun Yuwariah ◽  
Sheli Mustikasari Dewi ◽  
Warid Ali Qosim ◽  
Anne Nuraini
Keyword(s):  
Field Capacity ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Experimental Station ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Best Response ◽  
Split Plot ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Plot Design

Jawawut merupakan salah satu tanaman pangan lokal Indonesia yang belum banyak dikembangkan dan dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber pangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan genotip jawawut yang memberikan pengaruh paling baik terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil pada berbagai tingkat pemberian air di rumah plastik. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Juni sampai dengan September 2017 di Kebun Percobaan Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Padjadjaran. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Petak Terbagi (Split Plot Design) dengan 3 ulangan. Petak utama terdiri dari tiga macam genotip yaitu genotip 44, 46, dan 48. Anak petak terdiri dari tiga taraf kapasitas lapang  yaitu 75%, 50% dan 25%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perlakuan pemberian air 25% kapasitas lapang berpengaruh paling buruk terhadap  proses fisiologis pertumbuhan dan hasil tiga genotip jawawut. Genotip 44 dan 46, pada pemberian air 50 % KL menghasilkan  konduktan stomata terbaik. Genotip 46 dan 48 memberikan pengaruh paling baik terhadap proses fisiologis pertumbuhan dan hasil jawawut yaitu jumlah anakan per rumpun.ABSTRACTMillet is one of Indonesia's local food crops that has not been widely developed as food sources. The purpose of this study was to obtain the genotypes of millet which gave the best effect on the growth and yield at various levels of water supply in the plastic house. The study was conducted from June to September 2017 at the Experimental Station of the Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Padjadjaran. The research used the Split Plot Design with three replications. The main plot factor consisted of three levels of treatment; genotypes 44, 46, and 48. The subplot factor consisted of three stages of different treatment of the field capacity; 75%, 50% and 25%. The results showed the treatment of 25% water to field capacity had the worst effect on the physiological process of growth and yield of three millet genotypes. Genotypes 44 and 46, at 50% field capacity, produced the best stomatal conductance. Genotype 46 and 48 showed the best response to the physiological processes for the number of tillers.

scholarly journals Shallot Growth and Yields Based on Ammonium:Nitrate Ratio on Coastal Sandy Soil

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 064
Author(s):  
Wiji Safitri ◽  
Endang Sulistyaningsih ◽  
Benito Heru Purwanto ◽  
Stephen Harper
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Plot Design

Nitrogen was a key component for increasing yield and quality of vegetables like shallots. The growth and development of plants were influenced by nitrogen form. Common plants preferred nitrate for growth, but the enormity preference varies within plant species and other environmental factors. The purpose of this experiment was to study the effect of ammonium:nitrate ratio in sandy soil to growth and yield of shallot (Allium cepa L. Aggregatum group). The experiment had been conducted in August-October 2015 in the sandy land on Samas Beach, Bantul, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The research was arranged in a Split-Plot design. The main plot was the source of nitrogen (NH4+; NO3-; NH4+: NO3- 1:1; NH4+: NO3- 1:2; and NH4+: NO3- 2:1) and the subplot was cultivars (Crok Kuning, Tiron, and Bima Brebes). Each subplot covered an area of 2.5 m² (2.5 m x 1 m) with three blocks as replications. Shallot bulbs were planted in sixth-row, spacing 20 cm between rows and 15 cm within rows. The dose was applied according to the recommendation of BPTP (urea 200 kg ha-1, ZA 250 kg ha-1, SP-36 150 kg ha-1, and KCl 150 kg ha-1) 144.5 kg N ha-1. Ammonium:nitrate ratio influenced shallot growth in sandy soil through number of leaves at maximum vegetative phase and its leaf area. The NH4+: NO3- 1:2 ratio gave the best result in dry weight of leaves following bulb dry weight than other ratio. Nevertheless, ammonium:nitrate ratio had no significant influence on bulb dry weight (ton ha-1).

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