scholarly journals Phytochemical screening of Pulsatilla species and investigation of their biological activities

2019 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Grażyna Łaska ◽  
Aneta Sienkiewicz ◽  
Marcin Stocki ◽  
Jordan K. Zjawiony ◽  
Vimal Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Mammalian Cell Lines ◽  
Pulsatilla Patens

The present study aimed to identify biologically active secondary metabolites from the rare plant species, <em>Pulsatilla patens</em> subsp. <em>patens</em> and the cultivated <em>P. vulgaris</em> subsp. <em>vulgaris</em>. Chromatographic fractionation of the ethanolic extract of the roots of <em>P. patens</em> subsp. <em>patens</em> resulted in the isolation of two oleanane-type glycosides identified as hederagenin 3-<em>O</em>-β-d-glucopyranoside (2.7 mg) and hederagenin 3-<em>O</em>-β-d-galactopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-d-glucopyranoside (3.3 mg, patensin). HPLC analysis of the methanolic extract of the crude root of <em>P. patens</em> subsp. <em>patens</em> and <em>P. vulgaris</em> subsp. <em>vulgaris</em> revealed the presence of <em>Pulsatilla</em> saponin D (hederagenin 3-<em>O</em>-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl(1→2)-[β-d-glucopyranosyl(1→4)]-α-l-arabinopyranoside). Chromatographic analysis using GC-MS of the silylated methanolic extracts from the leaves and roots of these species identified the presence of carboxylic acids, such as benzoic, caffeic, malic, and succinic acids. The extracts from <em>Pulsatilla</em> species were tested for their antifungal, antimicrobial, and antimalarial activities, and cytotoxicity to mammalian cell lines. Both <em>P. patens</em> subsp. <em>patens</em> and <em>P. vulgaris</em> subsp. <em>vulgaris</em> were active against the fungus <em>Candida glabrata</em> with the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC<sub>50</sub>) values of 9.37 µg/mL and 11 µg/mL, respectively. The IC<sub>50</sub> values for cytotoxicity evaluation were in the range of 32–38 μg/mL for <em>P. patens</em> subsp. <em>patens</em> and 35–57 μg/mL for <em>P. vulgaris</em> subsp. <em>vulgaris</em> for each cell line, indicating general cytotoxic activity throughout the panel of evaluated cancer and noncancer cells.

scholarly journals Phytochemical evaluation and pharmacognostic standardization of Syzygium palghatense endemic to Western Ghats

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
V. R. Snehalatha ◽  
A. R. Rasmi
Keyword(s):  
Western Ghats ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Pharmacological Characterization ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Pharmacological Potential

Abstract Background The plants belonging to the genus Syzygium has received much attention since ancient times due to its multidimensional uses for mankind. These plants in general, reported to contain a wide array of phytomolecules with a broad spectrum of biological activities that include antihypoglycemic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticarcinogenic, and antihypertensive properties. The pharmacological potential of S. palghatense which is endemic to Western Ghats has not yet been investigated. The present study was intended to examine the potential benefits of the leaves and bark of S. palghatense. Results Morpho-anatomical studies of S. palghatense provided useful details for the identification. The pharmacological characterization of the plants shows significant results in their studied parameters. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents were higher in methanolic extracts of leaves and bark of S. palghatense. Methanolic extract of the leaves and bark have superior antioxidant capacity when compared with the chloroform, ethyl acetate, and distilled water extracts. A significant result in alpha amylase and alpha glucosidase enzyme activity was exhibited when antidiabetic study was performed. Conclusion The current study showed that the methanolic extract of S. palghatense leaves and bark have significant pharmacognostic properties and potential antioxidant and antidiabetic compounds. Phytochemical studies portray the presence of several biologically active secondary metabolites, including essential oil, alkaloid, glycosides, carbohydrate, tannins, reducing sugar, phenolics, and saponins, which may be the reason for its biological properties. As compared to bark, leaves of S. palghatense possess significant activity toward all the biological properties tested.

scholarly journals Pharmacological evaluation of methanolic extract of Cyperus scariosus

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wasi Ullah Khan ◽  
Rahmat Ali Khan ◽  
Mushtaq Ahmed ◽  
Latif Ullah Khan ◽  
Muhammad Waqas Khan
Keyword(s):  
Death Rate ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Biological Tests ◽  
Β Carotene

<p class="Abstract">The present study is aimed to investigate the phytochemical screening and biological activities of methanolic extract of <em>Cyperus scariosus</em> roots. Dried plant was grounded and extracted with methanol to prepare methanol crud extract. In vitro biological tests were conducted using this methanolic extracts according to the standard procedure. 100% death rate of brine shrimp was perceived at 3 mg/mL of plant extract after 72 hours. The extract showed action against <em>Aspergillus flavius</em> i.e. 90% followed by A. niger (91%) while the highest activity was shown against <em>A. fumegatrus</em> (94%). Important scavenging results were detected during scavenging of free radicals viz; 92.2% against DPPH, 82.2% to ABTS, 75.8% to hydrogen peroxide, 88.1% to β-carotene, 86.1% to hydroxyl radical and 89.4% against phosphomolybdate at 3 mg/mL were obtained. The results obtained in this study point out that extract showed significant biological activities which might be due to the presence of bioactive constituents.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF LANTANA CAMARA LEAVES AGAINST BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM EPICARP OF SOLANUM MELONGENA (GARDEN EGG)

1970 ◽  
pp. 01-06
Author(s):  
M. M. Shah, U. Abdulmutalib, K.M. Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Solanum Melongena ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Lantana Camara ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Plant Leaves

This research was aimed at testing the antibacterial properties of Lantana camara plant leaves extracts against the bacteria isolated from the epicarp of an unwashed garden egg Solanum melongena fruit. Qualitative phytochemical screening of the plant leaves shows that the plant possesses Tannin, Saponin, Glycosides and Reducing sugar, while Anthraquinones, Alkaloid were absent in all the various extracts used. Three different types of bacteria were isolated from the epicarp of the unwashed fruit sample; they include Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus spp. The minimum inhibitory concentration of the leaf extracts on Pseudomonas aeruginosa were 12mg/mL for the methanolic extract and 48mg/mL for the ethanolic extract. The minimum inhibitory concentration on Streptococcus spp. was 8mg/mL for the methanolic extract and 4 mg/mL for ethanolic extract, while the minimum inhibitory concentration on Staphylococcus aureus was 25 mg/mL for the methanolic extract and 7 mg/mL for the ethanolic extract. Methanolic extracts have the highest activity on Staphylococcus aureus at 8 mg/mL, followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa at12 mg/mL and the least was on Streptococcus spp. at 25 mg/mL. While with ethanolic extracts, the highest activity was on Streptococcus spp. at 4 mg/mL followed by Staphylococcus aureus at 7 mg/mL and the least was on Pseudomonas aeruginosa at 48 mg/mL. Therefore, Lantana camara leaves contain bioactive compounds believe to have a bactericidal effect at various concentrations species wise.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Activity of Olive and Rosemary Leave Extracts Prepared with Different Solvents Against Antibiotic-Resistant Escherichia coli

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bahman Fazeli-Nasab ◽  
Moharam Valizadeh ◽  
Mohammad Amir Hassanzadeh ◽  
Maryam Beigomi
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Methanolic Extracts

Background: This study was done to investigate the antimicrobial activity of rosemary and olive extracts on antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli isolated from quail feces in Zabol city. Methods: Ethanolic and methanolic extracts of rosemary (leaf) and olive (leaf) plants were prepared using a rotary apparatus. Also, E. coli strains were isolated from poultry feces samples, the minimum inhibitory concentration and the minimum bactericidal concentration were determined by the microdilution method. Results: The lowest values of MIC and MBC against E. coli were 12.5 ppm and 25 ppm for rosemary ethanolic extract and 25 ppm and 50 ppm for rosemary methanolic extract, respectively. The lowest values of MIC and MBC against E. coli were 12.5 ppm and 25 ppm for olive ethanolic extract and 6.25 ppm and 12.5 ppm for olive methanolic extract, respectively. Conclusions: In general, methanol solvent and olive extract are highly effective against E. coli. Due to the obtained results and increasing resistance of bacteria to chemical antibiotics, it is suggested that with further studies on olives and the use of methanol solvent in the extraction of plant extracts, antibacterial compounds of olives and other plants be used in the treatment of bacterial infections.

scholarly journals Chemical compositions, antimicrobial effects, and cytotoxicity of Asia minor wormwood (Artemisia splendens Willd.) growing in Iran

BMC Chemistry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fariba Heshmati Afshar ◽  
Masumeh Zadehkamand ◽  
Zahra Rezaei ◽  
Abbas Delazar ◽  
Vahideh Tarhriz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Proliferative Activity ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Flavonoid Glycosides ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Preparative Hplc ◽  
Cytotoxicity Activity ◽  
Methanolic Extracts

Abstract Background Artemisia splendens from the Asteraceae family is a new source of biologically active compounds. The current study investigated to evaluate antimicrobial and cytotoxicity activity of methanolic extracts and their fractions obtained from aerial parts by agar disk diffusion and MTT methods, respectively. The active fractions were subjected to preparative HPLC for isolating the pure compounds, which were structurally elucidated, by 1H and 13C NMR. Results The results showed that the methanolic extract and its 60% SPE fraction have the anti-proliferative activity on A549 cell line in comparison with the control group. Meanwhile, the methanolic extract and its 40% SPE fraction can inhibit the growth of Gram-positive strains as anti-microbial activity. The 60% SPE fraction also illustrated anti-proliferative activity on the HT-29 cell line compared to the control group. Chromatographic separations via preparative HPLC yielded 5 flavonoids and three flavonoid glycosides. Conclusion Based on the results it can be concluded that A. splendens as a potential source of cytotoxic and antimicrobial compounds can be used in pharmaceutics.

Antimicrobial activity of Pycnarrhena cauliflora (Miers.) Diels. methanol extract

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eti Nurwening Sholikhah ◽  
Maulina Diah ◽  
Mustofa ◽  
Masriani ◽  
Susi Iravati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Methanolic Extracts

Pycnarrhena cauliflora (Miers.) Diels., local name sengkubak, is one of indigenous plants from West Kalimantan that has been used as natural flavor. Pycnorrhena cauliflora is one of species of Menispermaceae family which is rich in bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids. This alkaloids are known to have various biological activities including antiprotozoal, antiplasmodial, antifungal and antibacterial activities. This study aimed to investigate antimicrobial activity of  the P. cauliflora (Miers.) Diels. methanolic extracts against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The methanolic extract of P. cauliflora (Miers.) Diels., root, leaf and stem were prepared by maceration. The disk-diffusion method was then used to determine the antimicrobial activity of the extracts against Streptococcus pyogenes, S. mutants, Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, Salmonella typhi, Shigella flexneri, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli after 18-24 h incubation at 37 oC. Amoxicillin was used as positive control for gram-positive bacteria and ciprofloxacin was used as gram-negative bacteria. The inhibition zones were then measured in mm. Analysis were conducted in duplicates. The results showed in general the methanolic extracts of P. cauliflora (Miers.) Diels. root (inhibition zone diameter= 10-23 mm) were more active than that leaf (0-15 mm) and stem (0-17 mm) extracts against gram-positive bacteria. The zone inhibition diameter of amoxicillin as positive control was 8-42 mm. In addition, the methanolic extracts of P. cauliflora (Miers.) Diels. root (12-17 mm) were also more active than that leaf (0-12 mm) and stem (0-12 mm) extracts against gram-negative bacteria. The zone inhibition diameter of ciprofloxacin as positive control was 33-36 mm. In conclusion, the methanolic extract of P. caulifloria (Miers.) Diels. root is the most extract active against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Further study will be focused to isolate active compounds in the methanolic extract of the root.

scholarly journals PHYTOCHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS OF THE ROOT OF BERBERIS MICROPHYLLA

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 225 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Cristina Furrianca ◽  
Marysol Alvear ◽  
Tomás Zambrano ◽  
Víctor Fajardo ◽  
Luis Salazar
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Cardiac Glycosides ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents ◽  
First Time

Objective: To objective of this work was to perform phytochemical qualitative and quantitative analyzes of the main secondary metabolites in the root of Berberis microphylla.Methods: The extracts of B. microphylla root were tested through phytochemical screening and the quantification of the most important constituents was carried out using spectrophotometric and gravimetric techniques.Results: Phytochemical screening of both extracts showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, cardiac glycosides, saponins, terpenes,and tannins, which are pharmacologically important. Quantification of the major phytochemicals groups showed that the ethanolic extract contains 3.9% alkaloids, 0.46% flavonoids, 9.53% tannins, and 3.60% saponins. Similarly, the methanolic extract contains 6.61% alkaloids, 0.41% flavonoids, 7.40% tannins, and 1.43% saponins.Conclusion: This is the first time that the presence of tannins, flavonoids, and saponins in this plant has been reported. The medicinal properties of the root of B. microphylla may exist due to the presence secondary metabolites.

In-Vitro Studies on the Sensitivity of Staphylococcus aureus to Some Ethno-Medicinal Preparations Sold around Kano, Nigeria

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Bashir ◽  
I Yusuf ◽  
AS Kutama
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Test Organism ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Herbal Preparations

Five traditional herbal preparations were sampled between May-June, 2009 in Kano. The samples were investigated for invitro antibacterial activities against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus. Likewise, phytochemical screening tests were conducted to determine some of the phytochemicals present in the ethanolic and water extracts of the samples. Various concentrations of the extracts were prepared using serial doubling dilutions (5000=l/ml, 2500=g/ml, 1250=g/ml, 625=g/ml and 312.5=g/ml). All the test extracts showed slight antibacterial activity against the test organism, with ethanolic extract of sample E having the highest zone diameter of inhibition, while sample H had the lowest diameter of inhibition. The standard antibiotic disc (Gentamicin) had demonstrated the highest activity on the test organisms. The results of the Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of steroid in all the samples, tannin in samples A, C, D and E, reducing sugars in sample A, D and E respectively. The result of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was found to be above 312.5=g/ml for samples C, D and E. Keywords: Staphylococcus aureus, Herbal preparations, antibacterial activity, Phytochemical screening and minimum inhibitory concentration.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF ANTI-ALZHEIMER ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC AND METHANOLIC EXTRACTS OF POLYGONUM GLABRUM AGAINST ALUMINUM CHLORIDE-INDUCED ALZHEIMER’S IN EXPERIMENTAL RATS

2021 ◽  
pp. 118-125
Author(s):  
SUNEESHA Y ◽  
VINAY KUMAR T
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Aluminum Chloride ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Morris Water Maze Test ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Maze Test ◽  
Behavioral Parameters ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Enzyme

Objective: The current study aimed at the investigation of the effectiveness of ethanolic and methanolic extract of Polygonum glabrum in aluminum chloride-induced Alzheimer’s disease in experimental rats. Methods: The behavioral parameters evaluated by following methods such as Morris water maze test, radial arm maze test, and active avoidance test. Biochemical parameters were also estimated such as acetylcholine and acetylcholine esterase. Results: Polygonum glabrum extract was instituted to be neuroprotective against AlCl3-induced toxicity. Enhanced learning and memory were allied to the ingestion of extract in rats. Al overload, acetylcholinesterase enzyme hyperactivity is responsible for Alzheimer’s disease which is neutralized or reduced with treatment of extract, which might be due to the synergistic action of its active constituents. Ethanolic extract was shown slightly higher efficacy as compared to methanolic extract. Conclusion: Based on these current findings, it is suggested that lowering Aβ is an unproven strategy, and it may be time to refocus on other targets for the treatment of this disease, including pathological forms of tau.

Preliminary Phytochemical screening of Persicaria sagittata: Future prospective for kidney stone

2021 ◽  
pp. 4367-4370
Author(s):  
Ankita Sharma ◽  
Ishita Ishita ◽  
Inder Kumar ◽  
Kritika Verma ◽  
Bhumika Thakur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Kidney Stone ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Secondary Product ◽  
Standard Methods ◽  
Active Constituents ◽  
Uric Acid Stones

Medicinal plants have bioactive compounds, which are used to treatments of various diseases. In the present study, Persicaria sagittata medicinal plant was used for the preliminary phytochemical screening. Methanol and petroleum ether were used as a solvent for obtaining the extraction of the plant. Both the extracts were further study for qualitative phytochemical screening using standard methods. Phytochemical screening shows that methanolic extract possesses the presence of tannins, flavonoids, and vitamin A as tannins and flavonoids are helpful for the uric acid stones. The study reveals that medicinal plant provides a basis of its use in medicine, improve to further drugs in the pharmaceutical area, and contains different biologically active constituents, and the secondary product is valuable of further analysis.

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