HYDRODYNAMIC THRUST BEARINGS WITH POLYMER LINING

Tribologia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 268 (4) ◽  
pp. 225-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michał WODTKE
Keyword(s):  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Hydrodynamic Bearings ◽  
Thrust Bearings ◽  
Sliding Surfaces ◽  
Current State ◽  
Tilting Pad ◽  
History Of ◽  
Bearing Design ◽  
Experimental Researches

Polymeric linings of sliding surfaces of the hydrodynamic bearings have been used successfully for over 50 years. Despite of their long history of operation and research, they have not become widespread in industrial applications. This fact may be surprising, considering the conclusions that have been published concerning bearing operation and design. This paper summarizes the current state of the art of the tilting-pad thrust bearings with a polymer lining of pad sliding surfaces. Bearing design and the most commonly used polymeric materials are described. The results of the latest theoretical and experimental researches by both bearing manufacturers and at scientific centres are presented. Observed properties of the bearings with polymer lining were compared to the properties of the bearings covered with Babbitt, which is the most frequently material used as lining for hydrodynamic bearings.

scholarly journals Recent Advances in Photo-Responsive Polypeptide Derived Nano-Assemblies

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Yang ◽  
Houliang Tang ◽  
Hao Sun
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Stimuli Responsive ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Mild Conditions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Current State ◽  
Spatiotemporal Control

Stimuli-responsive polymeric materials have attracted significant attentions in a variety of high-value-added and industrial applications during the past decade. Among various stimuli, light is of particular interest as a stimulus due to its unique advantages such as precisely spatiotemporal control, mild conditions, ease of use, and tunability. In recent years, a lot of effort toward synthesis of biocompatible and biodegradable polypeptide has resulted in many examples of photo-responsive nanoparticles. Depending on the specific photochemistry, those polypeptide derived nano-assemblies are capable of crosslinking, disassembling, or morphing into other shapes upon light irradiation. In this mini-review, we aim to assess the current state of photo-responsive polypeptide based nanomaterials. First, those “smart” nanomaterials will be categorized by their photo-triggered events (i.e., crosslinking, degradation, and isomerization) which are inherently governed by photo-sensitive functionalities including o-nitrobenzyl, coumarin, azobenzene, cinnamyl, and spiropyran. In addition, the properties and applications of those polypeptide nanomaterials will be highlighted as well. Finally, the current challenges and future directions of this subject will be evaluated.

scholarly journals Gas-Phase Synthesis of Functional Nanomaterials

Applied Nano ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-58
Author(s):  
Vladimir N. Popok ◽  
Ondřej Kylián
Keyword(s):  
Gas Phase ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Cluster Beam ◽  
Soft Landing ◽  
Current State ◽  
History Of ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Nanoparticles (NPs) of different types, especially those of metals and metal oxides, are widely used in research and industry for a variety of applications utilising their unique physical and chemical properties. In this article, the focus is put on the fabrication of nanomaterials by means of gas-phase aggregation, also known as the cluster beam technique. A short overview of the history of cluster sources development emphasising the main milestones is presented followed by the description of different regimes of cluster-surface interaction, namely, soft-landing, pinning, sputtering and implantation. The key phenomena and effects for every regime are discussed. The review is continued by the sections describing applications of nanomaterials produced by gas aggregation. These parts critically analyse the pros and cons of the cluster beam approach for catalysis, formation of ferromagnetic and superparamagnetic NPs, applications in sensor and detection technologies as well as the synthesis of coatings and composite films containing NPs in research and industrial applications covering a number of different areas, such as electronics, tribology, biology and medicine. At the end, the current state of the knowledge on the synthesis of nanomaterials using gas aggregation is summarised and the strategies towards industrial applications are outlined.

Optimum Journal Bearing Parameters for Minimum Rotor Unbalance Response in Synchronous Whirl

1982 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 339-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. B. Bhat ◽  
J. S. Rao ◽  
T. S. Sankar
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Design ◽  
Optimization Techniques ◽  
Oil Viscosity ◽  
Hydrodynamic Bearings ◽  
Unbalance Response ◽  
Design Variables ◽  
Tilting Pad ◽  
Bearing Design ◽  
Stiffness And Damping ◽  
Lower Limits

Optimization techniques are employed to design hydrodynamic bearings for minimum unbalance response of rotors in synchronous whirl. The analysis for the unbalance response considers the effects of direct and cross coupled coefficients of stiffness and damping in the bearings. A parametric study of the unbalance response is carried out to show the influence of bearing parameters on the response and to demonstrate the merits of applying optimization techniques in bearing design. The bearing parameters optimized are the diameter, clearance, and the oil viscosity. In addition to setting upper and lower limits on the foregoing design variables, the Sommerfeld number is also constrained to be within a certain range for the operational speeds of the rotor. The quantity minimized is the maximum unbalance response of the rotor in the operational speed range. Plain cylindrical, grooved, elliptical, and four shoe tilting pad type bearings are considered in the optimal design of the rotor bearing system. The results indicate that an optimal design of hydrodynamic bearings can reduce the unbalance response of rotors.

The Leading-Edge-Groove Tilting-Pad Thrust Bearing: Recent Developments

1985 ◽  
Vol 107 (3) ◽  
pp. 423-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Mikula
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Power Loss ◽  
Thrust Bearing ◽  
Leading Edge ◽  
Thrust Bearings ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Tilting Pad ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Bearing Design

This paper compares the leading edge groove and pressurized supply (flooded) lubricant supply methods, and analyzes their influence on the performance of equalizing tilting pad thrust bearings. This paper presents new experimental data on 6-shoe, 267 mm (10 1/2 in.) O.D. bearings, operating at shaft speeds up to 14000 rpm, with loads ranging up to 3.45 MPa (500 psi) for two different lubricants. The data presented details the power loss and babbitt temperature performance of two versions of the leading-edge-groove bearing design and contrasts the results with a pressurized supply bearing design.

What's the Message of Architecture?

2014 ◽  
pp. 126-136
Author(s):  
Аndrey G. Velikanov
Keyword(s):  
Separate Entity ◽  
Aesthetic Value ◽  
Current State ◽  
Entire Complex ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Aesthetic

Considers the aspects of architecture as a language able to express the current state and to prophetically indicate the upcoming changes. The aesthetic value of a construction cannot be perceived just as a separate entity, but it can be cognized in the context and not only a visual one, in space. It is necessary to see the entire complex of the accompanying phenomena, all the flow of the unfolding metaphors and values. In the model in view the figure of the author-creator must be reconsidered as no longer conforming to today's reality. The development of the Stalinist Empire style, as well as its transformations, is considered as one of the specific phenomena in the history of well-known constructions

ORGANOPHOSPHORUS NEUROTOXINS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariya Andriyanova ◽  
Aslanli Aslanli ◽  
Nataliya Basova ◽  
Viktor Bykov ◽  
Sergey Varfolomeev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Protection ◽  
Chemical Warfare Agents ◽  
Agricultural Crop ◽  
Current State ◽  
Physicochemical Biology ◽  
Chemical Agents ◽  
Warfare Agents ◽  
History Of ◽  
Physicochemical Methods ◽  
State Of Research

The collective monograph is devoted to discussing the history of creation, studying the properties, neutralizing and using organophosphorus neurotoxins, which include chemical warfare agents, agricultural crop protection chemical agents (herbicides and insecticides) and medicines. The monograph summarizes the results of current scientific research and new prospects for the development of this field of knowledge in the 21st century, including the use of modern physicochemical methods for experimental study and theoretical analysis of biocatalysis and its mechanisms based on molecular modeling with supercomputer power. The book is intended for specialists who are interested in the current state of research in the field of organophosphorus neurotoxins. The monograph will be useful for students, graduate students, researchers specializing in the field of physical chemistry, physicochemical biology, chemical enzymology, toxicology, biochemistry, molecular biology and genetics, biotechnology, nanotechnology and biomedicine.

Young Scholars Conference “Slavic World: Commonality and Diversity”. 21–22 May 2019. Session “Linguistics”

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 295-297
Author(s):  
Sergej A. Borisov
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
International Context ◽  
Slavic Languages ◽  
Russian Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Current State ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

For more than twenty years, the Institute of Slavic Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences celebrates the Day of Slavic Writing and Culture with a traditional scholarly conference.”. Since 2014, it has been held in the young scholars’ format. In 2019, participants from Moscow, St. Petersburg, Kazan, Togliatti, Tyumen, Yekaterinburg, and Rostov-on-Don, as well as Slovakia, the Czech Republic, Hungary, and Romania continued this tradition. A wide range of problems related to the history of the Slavic peoples from the Middle Ages to the present time in the national, regional and international context were discussed again. Participants talked about the typology of Slavic languages and dialects, linguo-geography, socio- and ethnolinguistics, analyzed formation, development, current state, and prospects of Slavic literatures, etc.

The reactor research and test facility

2020 ◽  
pp. 69-79
Author(s):  
Andrey S. KIRILLOV ◽  
Aleksandr P. PYSHKO ◽  
Andrey A. ROMANENKO ◽  
Valery I. YARYGIN
Keyword(s):  
Measurement System ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Test Facility ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Pumping System ◽  
Current State ◽  
History Of ◽  
Special Measurement ◽  
Space Nuclear Power

The paper describes an overview of the history of development and the current state of JSC “SSC RF-IPPE” reactor research and test facility designed for assembly, research and full-scale life energy tests of space nuclear power plants with a thermionic reactor. The leading specialists involved in development and operation of this facility are represented. The most significant technological interfaces and upgrade operations carried out in the recent years are discussed. The authors consider the use of an oil-free pumping system as part of this facility during degassing and life testing. Proposed are up-to-date engineering solutions for development of the automated special measurement system designed to record NPP performance, including volt-ampere characteristics together with thermophysical and nuclear physical parameters of a ground prototype of the space nuclear power plant. Key words: reactor research and test facility, thermionic reactor, life energy tests, oil-free pumping system, automated special measurement system, volt-ampere characteristics.

Integrative Approach in Law Understanding: the History of the Origin of Ideas and the Current State

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-130
Author(s):  
R. R. Palekha ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Central Place ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Current State ◽  
History Of ◽  
Legal Thinking ◽  
Reliable Knowledge ◽  
The Right ◽  
Fat Formulation

Introduction. Right understanding is the most live, interesting and, at the same time, the uncertain and changeable area of researches which takes the central place as in the general theory of the right, and gains the increasing value in industry jurisprudence that is connected with its considerable teoretiko-methodological and applied potential which is shown in spheres of lawmaking and law-enforcement activity. Thus, right understanding represents research tools of the subject of knowledge which allow to study all range legal and, the based on them, state phenomena for the purpose of obtaining reliable knowledge of state and legal reality. In this regard integrative approach in right understanding which has rich history of the formation and development is of special interest, allows to perceive the right as integrally complete phenomenon, as much as possible retrieves its regulatory abilities and, provides achievement of criteria of scientific research: comprehensiveness, objectivity, historicism. Materials and Methods. In article an attempt of the analysis of integrative approach in right understanding from a position of history of origin of his ideas and assessment of the current state is made. A result of studying of scientific literature, generalization and comparison of the different points of view fat formulation of author’s determination of category “right understanding” and submission of the evidence-based integrative theory of right understanding which as much as possible conforms to requirements of time and has essential regulatory and guarding potential. Results. In article the category right understanding is comprehensively considered, different integrative theories of right understanding from a position of their origin and development are submitted, the value of modern integrative approach in right understanding is shown, perspectives of its further development are evaluated. Discussion and Conclusion. The author comes to the conclusion about the theoretical and methodological consistency and inevitability of the integrative approach in law understanding, which acts as a scientifically grounded type of legal thinking capable of comprehending the law on a truly scientific basis.

Cartographic production in Russia: main stages and trends

2020 ◽  
Vol 963 (9) ◽  
pp. 30-43
Author(s):  
M.Yu. Orlov
Keyword(s):  
Chronological Order ◽  
Xviii Century ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Current State ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
State Enterprises ◽  
Further Development

Studying the current state of cartography and ways of further developing the industry, the role of the map in the future of the society, new methods of promoting cartographic products is impossible without a deep scientific analyzing all the paths, events and factors influencing its formation and development throughout all the historic steps of cartographic production in Russia. In the article, the history of cartographic production in Russia is considered together with the development of private, state and military cartography, since, despite some differences, they have a common technical, technological and production basis. The author describes the stages of originating, formation and growth of industrial cartographic production from the beginning of the XVIII century until now. The connection between the change of political formations and technological structures with the mentioned stages of maps and atlases production is considered. Each stage is studied in detail, a step-by-step analysis was carried out, and the characteristics of each stage are described. All the events and facts are given in chronological order, highlighting especially significant moments influencing the evolution of cartographic production. The data on the volumes of printing and sales of atlases and maps by commercial and state enterprises are presented. The main trends and lines of further development of cartographic production in Russia are studied.

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