scholarly journals Tannery Shavings and Mineral Additives as a Basis of New Composite Materials

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (5(137)) ◽  
pp. 130-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Ławińska ◽  
Remigiusz Modrzewski ◽  
Wioleta Serweta
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Total Mass ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Material Structure ◽  
Static Tensile ◽  
New Material ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mineral Additives ◽  
Properties Of Composites

This paper analyses the possibility of using tannery shavings as a basis for new composite materials with specified properties. The new material was made by combining tannery shavings with an adhesive medium. Mineral additives, such as dolomite, kaolin and bentonite were used in an amount of 5% and 10% of the total mass of shavings as a filler. In order to point out the influence of mineral additives on the final composite structure, some physico–mechanical properties, such as tensile strength and elasticity were examined with the use of static tensile tests. The second part of the investigation involved the analysis of wetteability by immersion, because this property depends on several aspects, such as surface roughness and the material structure. Thus, changes in wetteability values can provide information about the impact of mineral additives on the material properties of composites. With regard to physico–mechanical and sorption properties obtained on the basis of experimental results, it was possible to define areas of possible applications of these materials in comparison with current methods.

scholarly journals Material Properties of HY 80 Steel after 55 Years of Operation for FEM Applications

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 4213
Author(s):  
Szturomski Bogdan ◽  
Kiciński Radosław
Keyword(s):  
Material Properties ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Pressure Waves ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Static Tensile ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Post War ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Dynamic Tensile Tests

The paper presents the results of testing the properties of HY 80 steel from the hull of a Kobben class 207 submarine after 60 years of operation in extreme sea conditions. Steels from the HY family in the post-war period were used to build American and German submarines. For the obtained fragment of steel from the hull of the Polish submarine ORP Jastrząb (ORP-Boat of the Republic of Poland), static tensile tests were performed on an MTS testing machine. Dynamic tensile tests were carried out on a rotary hammer for the strain rate in the range of 500–2000 s−1. Results: Based on the obtained results, the Johnson–Cook model and the failure parameters of HY 80 steel in terms of the finite element method (FEM) were developed. Conclusion: This model can be used to simulate fast-changing processes such as resistance of structures to collisions, shelling, and the impact of pressure waves caused by explosions in water and air related to submarines.

scholarly journals Mechanical, Thermal and Rheological Properties of Polyethylene-Based Composites Filled with Micrometric Aluminum Powder

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1242
Author(s):  
Olga Mysiukiewicz ◽  
Paulina Kosmela ◽  
Mateusz Barczewski ◽  
Aleksander Hejna
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Melt Flow Index ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Flow Index ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Metal Composites ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Properties Of Composites

Investigations related to polymer/metal composites are often limited to the analysis of the electrical and thermal conductivity of the materials. The presented study aims to analyze the impact of aluminum (Al) filler content (from 1 to 20 wt%) on the rarely investigated properties of composites based on the high-density polyethylene (HDPE) matrix. The crystalline structure, rheological (melt flow index and oscillatory rheometry), thermal (differential scanning calorimetry), as well as static (tensile tests, hardness, rebound resilience) and dynamic (dynamical mechanical analysis) mechanical properties of composites were investigated. The incorporation of 1 and 2 wt% of aluminum filler resulted in small enhancements of mechanical properties, while loadings of 5 and 10 wt% provided materials with a similar performance to neat HDPE. Such results were supported by the lack of disturbances in the rheological behavior of composites. The presented results indicate that a significant content of aluminum filler may be introduced into the HDPE matrix without additional pre-treatment and does not cause the deterioration of composites’ performance, which should be considered beneficial when engineering PE/metal composites.

A Review on Non-Asbestos Friction Materials: Material Composition and Manufacturing

2018 ◽  
Vol 1150 ◽  
pp. 22-42
Author(s):  
Dinesh Shinde ◽  
Kishore N. Mistry ◽  
Suyog Jhavar ◽  
Sunil Pathak
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Friction Material ◽  
Material Surface ◽  
Surface Wear ◽  
Friction Modifier ◽  
Friction Materials ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
The Impact

The peculiar feature of friction materials to absorb the kinetic energy of rotating wheels of an automobile to control the speed makes them remarkable in automobile field. The regulation of speed cannot be achieved with the use of single phase material as a friction material. Consequently, the friction material should be comprised of composite materials which consist of several ingredients. Incidentally, the friction materials were formulated with friction modifier, binders, fillers and reinforcements. Due to its pleasant physical properties, asbestos was being used as a filler. Past few decades, it is found that asbestos causes dangerous cancer to its inhaler, which provides a scope its replacement. Several attempts have been made to find an alternative to the hazardous asbestos. The efforts made by different researchers for the impact of every composition of composite friction material in the field are reviewed and studied for their effect on the properties of friction material. Surface morphological studies of different friction material are compared to interpret the concept of surface wear and its correlation with material properties.

Performance of All-Polypropylene Composites at LNG Temperatures

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bilim Atli-Veltin
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Failure Behavior ◽  
Polypropylene Composites ◽  
Design Flexibility ◽  
Static Tensile ◽  
Interlaminar Shear

In the small scale LNG infrastructure, composite materials are scarcely employed. Potentially, cost effective solutions for LNG applications could be developed thanks to the advantages of composite materials over metals such as weight savings, design flexibility and recyclability. The research presented in this paper focuses on the mechanical performance of fully recyclable, thermoplastic Polypropylene (PP) composite tapes at cryogenic LNG temperatures. Quasi-static tensile tests performed on [±45] laminates made of plain woven plies of PURE® show that at −196°C the behavior is bilinear with the failure strain of 6.5% and failure stress of 37 MPa. Such non-brittle failure behavior of PP is desirable for cryogenic applications. The other results presented in the paper contains [0/90] laminate results and the interlaminar shear strength characteristics at room and cryogenic temperatures.

IMPACT TENSILE PROPERTIES OF YAG LASER WELDED BUTT JOINTS MADE BY DIFFERENT STEEL SHEETS FOR VEHICLES

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (09n11) ◽  
pp. 1712-1717
Author(s):  
Y. TAKAHASHI ◽  
M. DAIMARUYA ◽  
H. KOBAYASHI ◽  
H. TSUDA ◽  
H. FUJIKI
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Welded Joints ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Butt Joints ◽  
Yag Laser ◽  
Steel Sheets ◽  
Static Tensile ◽  
The Impact

The tensile properties of YAG laser welded butt joints using different high strength steel sheets with a tensile strength of 270 MPa, 590 MPa and 980 MPa (denoted HR270, HR590 and HR980, respectively) were investigated at static and dynamic rates, together with the three kinds of laser welded joints made by the same steel sheets. The impact tensile tests were performed by using the vertical type of split Hopkinson tension bar apparatus, while the static tensile tests were carried out using a universal testing machine INSTRON5586. The impact tensile strengths were significantly increased in comparison with the static ones due to the effect of strain rate, which might be the contribution of the part of HR270 base metal. And in both of static and impact tests, the fracture strains of HR270-HR590 joint, HR270-HR980 joint and HR590-HR980 joint were about one half of the fracture strains observed in the same steel welded joints of HR270-HR270, HR270-HR270 and HR590-HR590, respectively.

scholarly journals Mechanical and Material Properties of Natural and Glass Fiber Hybrid Polyester Composites

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 3359-3362 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Course Of Action ◽  
Lower Volume ◽  
Game Plan ◽  
Polyester Composites ◽  
The Impact

Varieties in malleable and sway properties of Roselle fiber strengthened polyester composites brought about by the expansion of glass fiber have been broke down. Roselle fiber in blend with glass is great for making financially savvy composite materials. The impact of the game plan of glass and Roselle fiber in the arrangement of composites have additionally been considered. A volume portion of 0.12 glass blended with Roselle fiber gives 55.5 % expansion in the elasticity and 194 % expansion in the effect quality of the composites. The elasticity demonstrates the most noteworthy worth when a glass volume part of 0.14 is utilized and an interleaving course of action of glass and Roselle fiber is pursued. Be that as it may, when lower volume division of glass is utilized, a cozy blend of Roselle fiber and glass demonstrates the most astounding elasticity

scholarly journals Effect of Deformation Temperature on the Mechanical Behavior and Stability of Retained Austenite in TRIP-Assisted Medium-C Multiphase Steel

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Skowronek ◽  
Adam Grajcar
Keyword(s):  
Deformation Temperature ◽  
Retained Austenite ◽  
Mechanical Stability ◽  
Thermomechanical Processing ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Thin Layers ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Static Tensile ◽  
The Impact

The temperature-dependent microstructural evolution and corresponding mechanical stability of retained austenite in medium-C TRIP-assisted 0.43C-1.45Mn-0.98Si-1Al-0.033Nb-0.01Ti steel obtained by thermomechanical processing was investigated using static tensile tests and microstructural studies. The light microscopy, image analysis, XRD diffraction and the Jaoul–Crussard analysis were applied to reveal relationships between microstructure and mechanical properties. Specimens were deformed in the static tensile tests in a temperature range of −20–140 °C. It was found that an increase in deformation temperature resulted in the reduced intensity of the TRIP effect due to the higher stability of retained austenite. An increase in the retained austenite stability along with a smaller grain size and a change from its blocky morphology to thin layers was also indicated. The impact of strengthening mechanisms at different temperatures was analyzed. The best combination of strength and ductility was obtained in the samples deformed at 20 and 60 °C, which is associated with the moderate work hardening in this temperature range. The Jaoul–Crussard analysis showed much less strengthening during the second phase of deformation at 100 and 140 °C due to the high stability of retained austenite. The higher C content in the investigated TRIP steel resulted in substantial volume fractions of retained austenite stable after completing deformation.

Mechanical Properties of Composites with Geopolymer Matrices Reinforced by Basalt Fabric

2019 ◽  
Vol 889 ◽  
pp. 289-293
Author(s):  
Iva Petríková ◽  
Bohdana Marvalová ◽  
Jiří Lampa
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Bending Properties ◽  
Bending Tests ◽  
Three Point Bending ◽  
Geopolymer Matrix ◽  
Weave Fabric ◽  
Static Tensile ◽  
Properties Of Composites

The tensile and bending properties of composite materials with geopolymer matrix reinforced by layers of basalt plain weave fabric were investigated experimentally. We present the results of the quasi-static tensile tests and the quasi-static and cyclic three-point bending tests. The composite panels were made by hand laying with subsequent vacuuming. The plates were stayed in a compression press and left in a compressed state for a month. After 5 months the samples were made from the plates and subjected to tests. The material behaves as linear almost to the failure, which occurred at tensions of about 100 MPa. The elastic modulus is between 6000 and 7000 MPa.

The Added Value of Infrared Thermography to Assess the Impact Performance of Composites

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Boccardi ◽  
Natalino D. Boffa ◽  
Giovanni M. Carlomagno ◽  
Carosena Meola ◽  
Fabrizio Ricci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Nondestructive Evaluation ◽  
Infrared Thermography ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Manufacturing Defects ◽  
Impact Performance ◽  
Before And After ◽  
New Material ◽  
Lock In ◽  
The Impact

Composite materials are becoming ever more popular in an increasing number of applications. This because of their many advantages, amongst others the possibility to create a new material of given characteristics in a quite simple way by changing either the type of matrix, or reinforcement, and/or rearranging the reinforcement in a different way. Of course, once a new material is created, it is necessary to characterize it to verify its suitability for a specific exploitation. In this context, infrared thermography (IRT) represents a viable means since it is noncontact, nonintrusive, and can be used either for nondestructive evaluation to detect manufacturing defects, or fatigue-induced degradation, or else for monitoring the inline response to applied loads. In this work, IRT is used to investigate different types of composite materials, which involve carbon fibers embedded in a thermoset matrix and either glass or jute fibers embedded in a thermoplastic matrix, which may be neat, or modified by the addition of a percentage of a specific compatibilizing agent. IRT is used with a twofold function. First, for nondestructive evaluation, with the lock-in technique, before and after loading to either assure absence of manufacturing defects, or discover the damage caused by the loads. Second, for visualization of thermal effects, which develop when the material is subjected to impact. The obtained results show that it is possible to follow inline what happens to the material (bending, delamination, and eventual failure) under impact and get information, which may be valuable to deepen the complex impact damaging mechanisms of composites.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Properties of Hardox Extreme Steel and Possibilities of Its Applications in Machinery

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 162
Author(s):  
Beata Białobrzeska ◽  
Robert Jasiński ◽  
Łukasz Konat ◽  
Łukasz Szczepański
Keyword(s):  
Rolling Direction ◽  
Charpy Impact ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Charpy Impact Test ◽  
Machine Construction ◽  
Steel Mill ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Static Tensile ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Reduction In Area

The article presents the results of Hardox Extreme steel tests in the as-delivered state from a steel mill (after quenching and tempering), and also in the normalized state. The research procedures included a microstructure analysis using light microscopy; and a static tensile test at ambient temperature to determine its Young’s modulus, yield strength, tensile strength, elongation and reduction in area after fracture. During the tensile tests, both the longitudinal and transverse orientation of rolling direction were taken into account. The Charpy impact test was also carried out in the temperature range of the ductile–brittle transition in connection with the fractographic analysis carried out with the use of a scanning microscope (SEM). The impact tests were carried out on samples in both directions on the plate, using the following temperatures: −40, −20, 0, +20 °C. Based on the structural and strength characteristics of Hardox Extreme steel determined on the basis of the research, in a further part of the paper the possibility of its use in machine construction elements operating in selected industrial sectors is considered/discussed, with a particular emphasis on reducing the level of energy consumption in the manufacturing and operation of the above technical facilities.

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