Pronunciation comparison of consonants in Chinese and Slovak languages

2021 ◽  
Vol 3/2021 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-60
Author(s):  
Mária Ištvánová
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Method ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Contrastive Analysis ◽  
Correct Pronunciation ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Manner Of Articulation

This contrastive analysis allows us to present the main characteristics of consonants in Chinese and Slovak. The comparison of the point of articulation as well as the manner of articulation of individual consonants represents the basis for conducting a contrastive analysis. Based on the findings, it is possible to identify similarities and differences among the consonants in both languages. In the process of learning the correct pronunciation of Chinese consonants, it is necessary to devote attention to differences as the source of students` incorrect pronunciation, therefore it is important to select a suitable teaching method for learning the correct pronunciation of consonants in Chinese, which are not present in students' mother tongue.

KALIMAT PASIF DALAM BAHASA INGGRISDAN BAHASA INDONESIA: SUATU ANALISIS KONTRASTIF

Jurnal KATA ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
Nova Mustika
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Past Participle ◽  
Contrastive Analysis ◽  
General Acceptance ◽  
English Grammar ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Passive Sentence ◽  
Bahasa Indonesia ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

<p><em>Contrastive analysis is a method that can be used to help the difficulties of a teacher in teaching a second language to their students, where learning a second language is strongly influenced by the mastery of the mother tongue. The purpose of this article is to describe comparison of passive sentences in Indonesian and English. The method of this research is descriptive qualitative to provide an overview of the form of the passive sentence and find differences and similarities between passive sentencesin Indonesian and English. Examples was created by the author herself taking into account the level of general acceptance by referring to the book of Tata Bahasa Indonesian and English Grammar. Passive sentences in Indonesian are characterized by use of the "di-", "ter" or "ke-". While in English it used “to be + V3 (Past participle)" which is based on the tenses used (time of occurrence). After comparing passive sentences in Indonesian and English, the author  found similarities and differences.</em></p><p><em><br /></em></p><p><em>Analisis kontrastif merupakan suatu cara yang dapat digunakan untuk membantu kesulitan seorang pengajardalam mengajarkan bahasa kedua kepada para siswanya, di mana dalam mempelajari bahasa kedua sangat dipengaruhi oleh penguasaan bahasa ibu. Tujuan artikel ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan perbandingan kalimat pasif dalam bahasa Indonesia dan bahasa Inggris. </em><em>Metode penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif komparatif-kontras yang bertujuan memberikan gambaran tentang bentuk kalimat pasif serta menemukan perbedaan dan persamaan kalimat pasif bahasa Indonesia dan bahasa Inggris. Contoh dibuat oleh penulis sendiri dengan mempertimbangkan tingkat keberterimaan secara umum dengan merujuk kepada buku Tata Bahasa Indonesia dan Grammar Bahasa Inggris. </em><em>Kalimat pasif dalam bahasa Indonesia dilihat dari strukturnya menggunakan “di-”, “ter-” ataupun “ke-”. Sementara dalam bahasa Inggris hanya mengenal “to be+ </em><em>V3 (Past Participle)</em><em>” yang </em><em>berdasarkankepada tenses yang digunakan (waktu kejadian)</em><em>. Setelah </em><em>membandingkan</em><em> kalimat pasif dalam bahasa Indonesia dan </em><em>b</em><em>ahasa Inggris, penulis telah menemukan persamaan dan perbedaan</em><em>nya</em><em>. </em><em></em></p><p><em><br /></em></p>

scholarly journals Dificultades de los estudiantes Húngaros en el aprendizaje del español

2008 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 135-146
Author(s):  
Szilvia Ábrahám
Keyword(s):  
Learning Process ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Contrastive Analysis ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Written Assignments ◽  
The Impact

The aim of the paper is to examine, with the methodology of contrastive analysis, the difficulties Hungarian students face in the process of learning Spanish, both in the fields of oral and written assignments. Thus, the paper examines the problematics of teaching both grammar (nouns, verbs, tenses and modes) and pronunciation. Although not all linguists agree on the merits of the use of the contrastive method, it is still indispensable. This method makes it possible to examine the impact of the connection between the mother tongue, and the second and third acquired language, and explore similarities and differences between different languages. The paper applies the contrastive method and its principal focus to the process of teaching and learning Spanish. The author proposes that the use of this method makes it possible to identify and classify the most typical mistakes made by the native Hungarian student, thus making the learning process more easy and effective, and also contributing to the efficiency of the language teacher's work.

scholarly journals Analisis Kontrastif Pemarkah Lokatif ‘di’ dalam Bahasa Indonesia dengan ‘ni’ dan ‘de’ dalam Bahasa Jepang

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Ika Hesti Aprilia Nindia Rini
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Language Learners ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Contrastive Analysis ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Bahasa Indonesia

Understanding the mother tongue is as important as understanding the second language for language learners. Contrastive analysis provides a means to compare and find similarities and differences between the two languages so that the exchange f meaning can be done with accuracy. The word “di”, “ni”, and “de” have the same function as a locative marker, however, each has distinct uses in the sentence. Kata kunci : Analisis Kontrastif, ‘di’,  Partikel Kasus ‘ni’ dan ‘de

scholarly journals Object-oriented perception: towards a contrastive approach to evidentiality in media discourse

Kalbotyra ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 69 (69) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Elena Domínguez Romero
Keyword(s):  
Object Oriented ◽  
Media Discourse ◽  
Contrastive Analysis ◽  
Analysis Methodology ◽  
Perception Verbs ◽  
Similarities And Differences

This paper is a corpus-based study of the evidential realisations of object-oriented perception verbs in English and Spanish written and oral media discourse. The main aim of the study is to analyse and compare the different uses and complementation patterns taken by the English words look and sound and their Spanish counterparts se ve and suena. The procedure followed involves a contrastive analysis methodology: (i) description of data, (ii) juxtaposition and (iii) contrast. The data has been taken from oral and written media discourse corpora in English and Spanish. The study has revealed interesting similarities and differences in the uses and complementation patterns adopted by object-oriented perception verbs in both written and oral English and Spanish, thus making a contribution to a debate in which Spanish has been obviated to date.

scholarly journals ANALISIS KONTRASTIF KOTOWARI HYOUGEN ANTARA PEMBELAJAR BAHASA JEPANG DAN PENUTUR ASLI

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Novia Hayati
Keyword(s):  
Language Learners ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Japanese Language ◽  
Contrastive Analysis ◽  
Completion Test ◽  
Unpleasant Feeling ◽  
Japanese Learners

 Abstrak Analisis Kontrastif Kotowari Hyougen  antara Pembelajar Bahasa Jepang dan Penutur Asli. Di antara beberapa aktifitas berbahasa, tindakan menolak sering dianggap sebagai tindakan yang cukup sulit karena memberikan perasaan tidak menyenangkan terhadap lawan tutur. Tindak tutur menolak tidak terlepas dari latar belakang tindak tutur berbahasa oleh pengguna bahasa tersebut. Pembelajar yang berbahasa ibu bahasa Sunda memiliki kemiripan dengan penutur asli dalam membuat tindak tutur penolakan dikarenakan adanya kedekatan aturan undak usuk bahasa sunda dengan tainguu hyougen dalam bahasa Jepang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ungkapan penolakan yang digunakan oleh pembelajar bahasa Jepang kemudian melalui perbandingan dengan penutur asli diketahui persamaan dan perbedaanya serta permasalahan dalam ungkapan penolakan oleh pembelajar. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Discourse Completion Test (DCT). Hasil analisis data menunjukan terdapat persamaan diantara pembelajar dan penutur asli dalam pengguna {wabi} terhadap dosen akrab (penggunanya lebih rendah). Sebagai permasalahan dalam ungkapan penolakan yakni pembelajar menggunakan {fuka} dalam bentuk futsuu no hiteikei, dan {koshou} dalam frekuensi yang cukup tinggi. Sebaliknya, penutur asli menggunakan fukanoukei, dikarenakan apabila menggunakan futsuu no hiteikei akan diterima sebagai arti penolakan yang kuat/keras.Kata kunci: Kotowari hyougen, DCT, Taiguu hyougen, penutur asli, konstraktif  Abstract Contrastive Analysis of Kotowari Hyougen between Learners of Japanese Language and Japanese Native Speakers. Among several speaking activities, action of refusal is often considered a difficult act as it gives an unpleasant feeling againts interlocutors. Refusal speech act cannot be separated from the background of the speech act by the user of the language. Learners whose mother tongue is Sundanese language has similarities with Japanese native speakers in making the speech act of refusal due to the proximity of the undak usuk in Sundanese with tainguu hyougen in Japanese. This study aims to determine the expressions of refusal used by Japanese learners then, through comparison with native speakers, to determine the similarities, differences and problems in the expression of rejection by the learners. The instrument used in this study is Discourse Completion Test (DCT). Form the analysis of the data it was found that there were similarities between learners and native speakers that {riyuu/iiwake}, {wabi}, {fuka} were used as the main semantic formula. There are similarities between learners whose mother tongue is Sundanese and native speakers in using language {wabi} to professors considered familiar (lower usage). The problem of expressions of refusal used by learners {fuka} in the form Futsuu fuka no hiteikei and {koshou} was in a fairly high frequency. In contrast, native speakers use fukanoukei, because using Futsuu no hiteikei will be considered as a strong/hard sense of refusal.Keywords: Kotowari hyougen, DCT, Tainguu hyougen

scholarly journals LOVE in English and Polish

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Brożyna Reczko
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Method ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Abstract Concept ◽  
Contrastive Analysis ◽  
The World ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
British National Corpus ◽  
National Corpus

LOVE in English and PolishThe paper presents a sample contrastive analysis of the linguistic picture of love in English and Polish. The material used in the survey is drawn from lexicographic data, including the British National Corpus and Narodowy Korpus Języka Polskiego [National Corpus of Polish]. The paper focuses on the similarities and differences in conceptualizing the abstract concept of love in the English and Polish languages. An analytical method, developed by Bartmiński and associates, serves as the theoretical basis for the reconstruction of the linguistic picture of the world. MIŁOŚĆ w języku angielskim i polskimNiniejszy artykuł to próba kontrastywnego porównania językowego obrazu świata MIŁOŚCI w języku angielskim i polskim. Materiał badawczy pochodzi głównie ze źródeł leksykograficznych: słowników oraz korpusów (Narodowego Korpusu Języka Polskiego oraz z korpusu języka angielskiego British National Corpus). Celem badania było poszukiwanie podobieństw i różnic w konceptualizacji MIŁOŚCI w tych dwóch językach. Metoda badawcza została zaczerpnięta z prac J. Bartmińskiego i dotyczy rekonstrukcji językowego obrazu świata różnych pojęć.

scholarly journals THE SIOP MODEL AS AN EMPOWERING TEACHING METHOD FOR ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNERS - A STUDY CASE

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustapha Boughoulid
Keyword(s):  
English Language Learners ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Language Learners ◽  
Language Proficiency ◽  
English Language ◽  
Teaching Method ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Educational Systems ◽  
Quasi Experimental

The increase in the needs of the English language learners (ELLs) and their endless demands in terms of achievement and proficiency in all the educational systems all over the world urged teachers and educators to call for new teaching strategies that sound more adequate and appropriate in the classroom. The Sheltered Instruction Observation Protocol (SIOP) Model emerged as one of the worldwide prominent teaching methods that guarantee the ELLs success, especially when it has to do with the understanding of the content and language learning meanwhile. With its diverse culture and prominent engagement in terms of education, Morocco represents a fertile field for the implementation of the SIOP Model that has proven in different contexts its adequacy in helping ELLs achieve proficiency. This study is about a quasi-experimental research that is implemented in an urban school known for its diversification in terms of mother tongue, socio-economic status, gender, and background. Given these different circumstances of the learners, the findings reported after the adoption of the SIOP Model as a teaching approach showed that it is a reliable and adequate teaching method in terms of content and language proficiency. The use of wh-questions as key indicators to measure the learners’ capacity of understanding and responding correctly throughout the experiment phase showed the superiority of the ELLs in the SIOP classes in contrast to the learners in the mainstream classes. This superiority is embodied, especially in terms of the high scores obtained in providing correct answers in a short duration of time. <p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0726/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

The construction of attitudinal stance

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Pérez Blanco
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Data ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Contrastive Analysis ◽  
Descriptive Data ◽  
Linguistic Differences ◽  
Contrastive Study ◽  
Analysis Methodology ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Working Procedure

This paper is a corpus-based contrastive study of the realization of negative attitudinal stance in English and Spanish discourse through the use of evaluative adjectives. The main aim of the study is to analyse and compare the grammatical patterns in which negative evaluative adjectives occur in each language and discuss the observed cross-linguistic differences in terms of the effects that alternative linguistic realizations have in the construction of evaluative discourse. The working procedure follows a contrastive analysis methodology: description of empirical data, juxtaposition and contrast. The descriptive data have been extracted from a large comparable corpus of English and Spanish newspaper opinion discourse. The study has revealed interesting similarities and differences in the construction of Attitude in each language, which are inferred by contrasting its surface structural features.

A contrastive analysis of absolute constructions in French, German and Norwegian

2010 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 208-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianne Hobæk Haff
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
General Question ◽  
Contrastive Analysis ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
The One ◽  
Germanic Languages ◽  
Matrix Subject

This paper is an exploration of similarities and differences concerning absolute constructions in French, German and Norwegian. In the first part, I have examined a more general question raised by these constructions: the connections between these types of absolute constructions and the matrix subject. I have shown that the means by which the absolute constructions are related to the subject can be morphosyntactic, semantic and pragmatic. The second part contains a purely contrastive analysis. Two issues have been examined: on the one hand, the absolute constructions and their congruent and non-congruent correspondences, on the other, the use of determiners. Essentially, French is different from the two Germanic languages, but similarities also exist between French and German, which are the center of a European Sprachbund.

scholarly journals Der Gebrauch des Perfekts – Ein Erklärungsmodell aus thailändischer Perspektive

2011 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Korakoch Attaviriyanupap
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Contrastive Analysis ◽  
Perfective Aspect ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Speech Time ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Present Tense

In grammar and textbooks of German as a foreign language the German perfect tense (Perfekt) is mostly presented as an alternative to the preterite tense (Präteritum). However, the German perfect tense itself deserves greater attention due to its wide range of usages. This tense can mark events with reference points located either before, simultaneous with and even after the speech time. For Thai learners of German it has been established that difficulties in learning how to use the German perfect tense are not primarily concerned with problems of choosing between the perfect and the preterite but rather between the perfect tense and the present tense. This paper focuses on the aspect of "completeness", comparable to the perfective aspect, leading to different effects in the usage of the German perfect. Since German is mostly learned as a second foreign language after English, a contrastive analysis of similarities and differences between the perfect tenses in English and German have to be included in the analysis. In the conclusion, a possible description of the German perfect tense for learners of German as a foreign language is suggested.

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