scholarly journals Influence of Biological Factors on the Strength of Static Rope Used by Firefighters in Rescue Operations

2021 ◽  
Vol 79 ◽  
pp. 7-30
Author(s):  
Michał Cecelski ◽  
Robert Piec ◽  
Barbara Szykuła-Piec
Keyword(s):  
Biological Agents ◽  
The State ◽  
Biological Factors ◽  
Research Focus ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Chemical Factors ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Document Review ◽  
The Impact

After conducting a document review, the authors found no reports concerning the influence of biological factors, such as blood, mould, and dirt, on the durability of rescue ropes. This study aims to answer the question of whether and how selected biological factors affect static rope 10.5, which is frequently used by firefighters for rescues. In the first stage of the research, focus studies were conducted among fifteen members of the Specialist High-Rescue Group in Plock (Poland), which aimed to determine the state of knowledge about the impact of biological factors on the strength of rope. The results indicated that the group had knowledge as to the impact of physical and chemical factors on the rope; however, a lack of information on the impact of biological factors was identified. In the second stage, the force necessary to break static rope contaminated with selected biological agents was measured. To achieve this, a 100-m section of a new rope was divided into 63 sections, which were then exposed to impurities. The first endurance measurement was taken after 9 months and the second after 12 months. Findings: contamination with biological agents has an impact on static rope strength, and knowledge about this impact is negligible and not included in any rope-use instructions.

scholarly journals THE ASSESSMENT OF WORKING CONDITIONS OF RADIOLOGY TEHNICIAN DEGREE THE STATE EXAMINATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1) ◽  
pp. 226-231
Author(s):  
Anzhela Krasnova ◽  
Dar'ya Tkachenko
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
The State ◽  
Labor Process ◽  
Biological Factors ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chemical Factors ◽  
State Examination ◽  
Industrial Frequency

The article deals with dangerous and harmful factors in the workplace of an x-ray technician, which are investigated after the state examination on the application of employees who are dissatisfied with the implementation of the pecial assessment of working conditions at this workplace. It is shown that the x-ray technician is influenced by chemical factors, biological factors, noise, industrial frequency electromagnetic field, ionizing radiation, light environment, and the severity and intensity of the labor process

scholarly journals Impact of Biocorrosion on the Durability of Etics and Empirical Findings About the Periodocity of Maintenance

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
Naďa Antošová
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Composite System ◽  
Chemical Processes ◽  
Biological Factors ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Complete Collapse

Abstract Generally, the role of living organisms (especially bacteria, cyanophytes, algae and fungi) in the physical and chemical processes of the biocorrosion of an external thermal insulation composite system (ETICS) is underestimated. These organisms are the ones that are responsible for a wide range of changes in or "diseases" of building materials and constructions, including damage to a building´s appearance or the destruction and complete collapse of the characteristics and requirements of materials and the ETICS construction. The following article concerns the impact of biological factors on the durability of ETICS. It shows the importance of and necessity to maintain it, and the method and periodicity of the maintenance.

scholarly journals The impact of various cations on the sorption of manganese in the thallus of freshwater algae spirogyra sp. and sea algae palmaria palmata

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-43
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Rajfur ◽  
Małgorzata Anna Jóźwiak ◽  
Andrzej Kłos
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Water Remediation ◽  
Palmaria Palmata ◽  
Freshwater Algae ◽  
In Situ Tests ◽  
Chemical Composition Of Water ◽  
Chemical Factors ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Due to their occurrence in very different conditions and high resistance to physical and chemical factors, algae are pioneers colonising new environments and their sorption properties are used in biomonitoring and water remediation. The efficiency of the process of heavy metal sorption in algae used for in situ tests depends on abiotic factors, such as the chemical composition of water. Freshwater algae Spirogyra sp. were used in tests. Algae were exposed in the laboratory in manganese chloride solutions with various contents of other cations, including heavy metals and macronutrients. It has been shown that some heavy metals may desorb manganese bound to the surface of algae as a result of ion exchange in the following sequence: Cd2+ < Mn2+ ≈ Zn2+ < Cu2+. It has been also found that the competitiveness of sorption of cations naturally present in the alga environment versus Mn2+ cations changes in the sequence Na+ < Ca2+ < H+, defined for the concentrations referring to the cation unit charge. The results of tests were compared to the results of dried sea algae Palmaria palmata analyses.

scholarly journals IDENTIFIKASI SERANGGA DAN FAKTOR ABIOTIK PERUSAK NASKAH KUNO SEBAGAI UPAYA PELESTARIAN BUDAYA PALEMBANG

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-63
Author(s):  
Irham Falahudin
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Quantitative Approach ◽  
Biological Knowledge ◽  
Biological Factors ◽  
The Past ◽  
The People ◽  
Chemical Factors ◽  
Ancient Manuscript ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The manuscript is one of the relics of the past owned by the people of Indonesia. The manuscript stored a number of past information that shows the thoughts, feelings, beliefs, customs, and values that apply to past societies. Manuscripts are available in various regions in Indonesia, one of them in Palembang. Malay manuscripts are texts written in Malay which are generally Arabic-Malay (Jawi). The existence of this ancient manuscript located in vulnerable society will be damaged . The importance of biological knowledge to this text makes provision for society and government in an effort to keep the extinct. Objectives of the research are to know the form and type of destruction of manuscripts, factors causing damage, to identify the types of biota and insects that destroyed and also how to cope with the presence of insects and biota in Malay manuscript storage. The research with a descriptive quantitative approach. The sampling of insects and biota by hand collecting method. Identified insect use to morphometric technique. The results are found 11 species of insects from 5 orders and 6 families. Cause damage to manuscripts in Palembang include as physical and  chemical factors. Processes causing the destruction of manuscripts include biological factors   Keyword: Identification Insect and  abiotic factors, Manuscript Malay in Palembang

scholarly journals TRANSFORMATION OF PHENOL AND DIATOMIC PHENOLS IN SURFACE WATER UNDER THE IMPACT OF NATURAL PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL FACTORS

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (11) ◽  
pp. 1206-1211
Author(s):  
Larisa P. Nekrasova ◽  
A. G. Malysheva ◽  
E. G. Abramov
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Chemical Oxidation ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Luminescence Spectroscopy ◽  
Sequential Reaction ◽  
Physicochemical Factors ◽  
Chemical Factors ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Kinetics Of

Introduction. Phenol, as well as diatomic phenols, are among the most common and priority organic pollutants of the environment. Getting into the water with sewage in real conditions of pollution, under the influence of natural physicochemical factors, phenols, as highly reactive compounds, undergo a transformation, as a result of which new, sometimes more toxic compounds may be formed. Purpose of the study is to investigate the transformation processes under the impact of the natural physicochemical factors of phenol, hydroquinone, pyrocatechin, and resorcinol in surface water. Material and methods. The processes of transformation of phenol and diatomic phenols were studied by the methods of spectrophotometry and luminescence spectroscopy. Absorption spectra were recorded with a UV-1800 spectrophotometer (Shimadzu, Japan), and fluorescence spectra were recorded on a CM2203 spectrofluorometer (Solar CJSC, Belarus). The degradation of phenols to CO2 and H2O (mineralization) at room temperature in natural samples was determined using a TOC-VCHP total carbon analyzer (Shimadzu, Japan). Results. The decrease in phenol concentration in river water was subject to linear dependence. The transformation kinetics of resorcinol corresponded to a sequential reaction. The processes of transformation of hydroquinone and pyrocatechin were dominated by chemical oxidation processes. Hydroquinone completely transformed within 24 hours. The degree of conversion of pyrocatechol 87.5% was achieved in 3 days and did not change during the month. During the month, the mineralization of phenol amounted to 90%, hydroquinone, and pyrocatechol - 55% and 45%, respectively. The complete transformation of resorcinol occurred in 7 days. A compound having a bright fluorescence and constituting a product of resorcinol polycondensation, whose concentration increased during the whole experiment, was formed. The degree of mineralization of resorcinol was 93%. Conclusion. The transformation of phenol, hydroquinone, pyrocatechin, and resorcinol in the surface water is caused by the processes of natural chemical and biochemical oxidation and depends on the chemical composition and concentration of presented impurities.

scholarly journals The current state and promising innovative directions to development methods for bioimplant sterilization

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (7) ◽  
pp. 634-646
Author(s):  
V. V. Rozanov ◽  
I. V. Matveychuk
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Dose ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
The State ◽  
Radiation Sterilization ◽  
Individual Factor ◽  
Current State ◽  
Chemical Factors ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Development Methods

We have analyzed the state-of-the-art methods for sterilization of bone implants. The problem of finding effective bioimplant sterilization methods is still far from its optimal solution and remains as urgent as before. The factors limiting further development of the main biomaterial sterilization methods include limitations related to each existing method and the use of technologies with sterilizing effect. Comparative analysis of the main techniques for bioimplant sterilization that are used in medical and biological areas (treatment with ethylene oxide, radiation, wet warmth, liquid media, and ozone) allows for a conclusion on the advantages of the radiation sterilization. However, the choice is challenged by the dilemma: higher radiation dose would increase the sterilization effect, but at the same time can lead to multiple morphological abnormalities in the tissues, deterioration of their mechanical characteristics, destruction of morphogenetic proteins and consequently to lower efficacy of the reparative bone formation. As a  result, the material can become unsuitable for clinical use. One of the real approaches to solve this problem is to use as low absorbed radiation dose as possible during irradiation of biomaterials, at least to 15 kGy. The developments made by the authors within the last years have shown that such a  result can be achieved by the use of combines sterilization techniques based on combines effects of a  number of physical and chemical factors on the biomaterial being sterilized. Mutual enhancement of the sterilizing effects of these factors creates prerequisites for their synergy, whereby the intensity of each factor can be reduced. This makes it possible to decrease the degree of harmful adverse events associated with each individual factor with higher total effect. The search for innovative solutions for the urgent problems of the bone bioimplant sterilization, for the development of the state-of-the-art health-sparing technologies can be successful only with unification of the efforts by specialists from related sciences. This would allow for creating of breakthrough technologies for sterilization and for optimization of this procedure with achievement of its high efficacy.

Promoting Ecosystems Conservation and Community-Based Economic Alternatives in a Changing Climate

2019 ◽  
pp. 85-102
Author(s):  
Joana Salgueiro ◽  
José Guilherme Moreira Simões Vieira ◽  
Fátima Alves ◽  
Amadeu M. V. M. Soares ◽  
Ulisses Miranda Azeiteiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Higher Education ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Tertiary Sector ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
The Impact

Cananéia is the southernmost city in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. It is a municipality where the tertiary sector is the main contributor to the economy parallel to the maintenance of artisanal fishing activities. The authors perform a study on the impact of tourism in the municipality area (performed through surveys in an attempt to determine how the different population segments [residents, promoters, users] see the activity and its impacts on nature and on the local economy). The majority of tourists surveyed come from the state of São Paulo (83.3%) and the rest of Santa Catarina and Paraná, with ages from 19-25 (36.7%) (70% having higher education). 43.3% of the inquired stated that tourism is not correctly managed (however without relevant environmental impacts). 93.3% of the boaters and 66.7% of the interviewed referred lack of information about the sites ecology and the drivers of change of biodiversity, ecosystem services, and climate change. Questionnaires results clearly demonstrated the need for visitor information and interpretation envisaging sustainable tourism implementation.

scholarly journals HEALTH STATE OF CHILDREN AND TEENAGERS AND FACTORS AFFECTING ON ITS FORMATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 96 (6) ◽  
pp. 561-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina N. Luchaninova ◽  
M. M. Tsvetkova ◽  
L. V. Veremchuk ◽  
E. V. Krukovich ◽  
I. D. Mostovaya
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Large Mass ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
The State ◽  
Health State ◽  
Biological Factors ◽  
Primorsky Krai ◽  
The Impact

In recent years there is the lack of investigations concerning the impact of climate on the state of children’s health. At the same time risks associated with the influence of genetic and biological factors in dependence on the age seem to be relevant. To assess the state of health of children and adolescents in dependence on the area of the residence as well as biological factors that form and determine the health throughout ontogenesis. There is presented the one stage study of 626 children and adolescents (aged of from 4 to 17 years) residing in three different bioclimatic zones of the Primorsky Krai. There was executed both the comprehensive assessment of health in the each age group in dependence on the area of residence, and the factor analysis to determine the degree of the influence of factors on the health of children and adolescents in different bioclimatic zones. The main aims of the factor analysis are the decline of the number of variables (data reduction) and determination of the structure of interrelationships between variables. As a result, the method allowed to isolate from the large mass (73 factors) of the initial indices those factors that characterized features of the health of children and adolescents in certain climatic conditions in the process of growth and development over ontogenesis. After the iteration of the eigenvalues there were revealed factorial loads with coefficient > 0.5. The level of health in preschool children was revealed to be determined by pre- and postnatal factors, while in schoolchildren the role of the level of physical development and parameters of the functioning of most important organs and systems under the regulatory influence of neuro- endocrine system is increased. At the same time, the indices of these factors are statistically significantly differ in various bioclimatic zones of the Primorsky Krai.

Russia - European Union: The continuation ofthe sanctions standoff

2017 ◽  
pp. 114-127
Author(s):  
M. Klinova ◽  
E. Sidorova
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
Economic Sanctions ◽  
Current Data ◽  
The State ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Year 2013

The article deals with economic sanctions and their impact on the state and prospects of the neighboring partner economies - the European Union (EU) and Russia. It provides comparisons of current data with that of the year 2013 (before sanctions) to demonstrate the impact of sanctions on both sides. Despite the fact that Russia remains the EU’s key partner, it came out of the first three partners of the EU. The current economic recession is caused by different reasons, not only by sanctions. Both the EU and Russia have internal problems, which the sanctions confrontation only exacerbates. The article emphasizes the need for a speedy restoration of cooperation.

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